Abstract

Google has taken the wraps off techno-glasses which add emails, Google searches and even directions over your view of the world. The glasses - unveiled via a Google Plus page, Project Glass, are voice-controlled, and offer GPS directions as well as email and video chat through a built-in screen directly in front of a user's eyes. The glasses are a product of Google's 'Google X' blue-sky ideas lab - and the search giant is looking for ideas to improve them. 'We think technology should work for youto be there when you need it and get out of your way when you dont,' says Google. The glasses appear to run a variant of the Android operating system, using the same microphone icon and other recognisable parts of Google's mobile OS. The glasses layer information 'over' the world, and offer directions - as well as allowing users to 'locate' one another in the real world, as with Google's current Latitude system. 'A group of us from Google X started Project Glass to build this kind of technology, one that helps you explore and share your world, putting you back in the moment, 'says Google. 'Were sharing information now because we want to start a conversation and learn from your valuable input. So we took a few design photos to show what this technology could look like and created a video to demonstrate what it might enable you to do.' Various leaks had hinted that Google wanted to move into wearable computing. 'Many of the features - voice commands, embedded camera, Google Maps integration - have been previously rumourured, but its compelling to actually see them in action.

Chapter 1
1. Introduction
The emergence of Google Glass, a prototype for a transparent Heads-Up Display (HUD) worn over one eye, is significant on several levels. It is the first conceptualization of a mainstream augmented reality wearable eye display playing out in a viral marketing campaign. Google Glass will enable us to capture video, let us interact with personal contacts, and navigate maps, amongst other things. The YouTube concept video One Day that announced its coming on April 4, 2012, has been viewed more than 18 million times. Gracing the face of Diane von Furstenberg, who wore it at New Yorks fashion week, it is often strategically trotted out for photo opportunities. It has been provocative enough to scare both Apple and Microsoft, who had been issuing patents for augmented reality products of their own. However, most salient of all is the way Google Glass is framed in media as the brainchild of Sergey Brin, the American computer scientist of Russian descent who cofounded Google. Brin is also celebrated in online articles as a real life Batman, who is developing a secret facility resembling the Batcave. This paper argues that Glasss birth is not only a marketing phenomenon heralding a technical prototype, it also suggests and speculates that Glasss popularization is an instigator for the adoption of a new paradigm in Human- Computer Interaction (HCI), the wearable eye display. Glasss process of adoption operates in the context of mainstream and popular culture discourses, a phenomenon that warrants attention. 1.1 Background Google Glass is a prototype for an augmented reality, heads-up display developed by Google X lab slated to run on the Android operating system. Augmented reality involves technology that augments the real world with a virtual component. The first appearance of Glass was on Sergey Brin who wore it to an April 5, 2012 public event in San Francisco. Provocative headlines emerged such as Google
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Project Glass Replaces the Smartphone with Glasses and Google X Labs: First Project Glass, next space elevators?. A groundswell of anticipation surrounds Glass because it implies a revolutionary transition to a new platform, even though release for developers is only planned for 2013.

Fig1.1. Google glasses Heads-up eye displays are not new. The Land Warrior system, developed by the U.S. army over the past decade, for example, includes a heads-up eye display with an augmented reality visual overlay for soldier communication. Many well-known inventors have contributed eye display technology, research or applications over the past two decades including Steve Mann (Visual Memory Prosthetic), Thad Starner (Remembrance Agent), and Rob Spence (Eyeborg). Commercially, Vuzix is a company that currently manufactures transparent eye displays.

Fig1.2. Prototype of u. s military Head mounted displays Science fiction and popular references to the eye display are almost too numerous to list, but most are featured in military uses: Arnold Schwarzeneggers Terminator from the 1984 film had an integrated heads up display that identified possible targets, Tom Cruises Maverick in Top Gun had a rudimentary display to indicate an enemy planes target acquisition and current G-forces, and Bungies landmark video game series Halo features a heads up display that gives the player real-time status updates on player enemy locations, shield levels, remaining ammunition and waypoint information. In most popular culture uses, a heads up display is transparently overlaid upon the real world. However, in video games, the display is considered to be part of the entire game interface. While many film and television shows are adding HUDs to their storytelling to add a science fiction or futuristic feel, there is a movement in game development away from any artificial HUDs as many consider them to be screen clutter and block a players view of a created world. The video game Dead Space by Electronic Arts is an example of this new style: traditional game information such as health and ammunition has been woven into character design, allowing for an unobstructed view. However, significant to this paper is that fact that wearable eye displays have not been embraced in the mainstream as a legitimate computer platform in the league of the smart phone or the laptop. Googles approach is to bring Glass into public social networks before it
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emerges. It generates a culture and a mass mainstream following for Glass as a new HCI platform by mediating how it is introduced to the public. Using an exemplary figure in Sergey Brin, Google makes Glass seem both socially relevant as well as alluring. While relevant research has been conducted on the adoption of hyped technologies, it usually takes a consumer research perspective and does not consider the broader discourses, personas, and popular culture allusions that function in this process.

1.2 About Google X:

'Google X' is where the search giant's scientists work on wild, out-there ideas. 'Google has always invested in speculative R&D projects - its part of our DNA,' said a spokesperson when the first news of the lab leaked. 'While the possibilities are incredibly exciting, the sums involved are very small by comparison to the investments we make in our core businesses. In terms of details, we don't comment on speculation.' The lab is reportedly located in Google's Mountain View, California headquarters known as 'the Googolplex'. Engineers are free to work on projects such as connected fridges that order groceries when they run low - or even tableware that can connect to social networks. Other Google engineers have reportedly researched ideas as far-out as elevators to space. Google co-founder Sergey Brin is reportedly deeply involved in the lab. His business card is said to be simply a piece of silvery metal decorated with the letter X. Brin, a robot enthusiast, once attended a conference via a robot with a screen showing his face. It's not unusual for tech companies to have 'ideas labs' hidden away from their ordinary workers - at Apple, for instance, Jonathan Ive's design lab where devices such as iPods are perfected, is guarded as if it was a weapons facility. Imagine a technology that would allow us to display the glass wearing glasses that we see many additional facilities, while we approach and manage them with voice commands. Sounds great, right? Well, Google has just such a vision of future technologies. After so much speculation about the mysterious Google glass, we finally are able to see the results of ProjectGlass secret technology. The Google glasses uses Android are voice-controlled, and offer GPS directions as well as email and video chat through a built-in screen directly in front of a users eyes.

Chapter 2
2. What is Googles project glass?
Google has unveiled a prototype of futuristic glasses that allow users to seamlessly integrate technology with their everyday lives. Through a small piece of glass worn above the right eye, a Project Glass wearer could see the weather forecast by looking outside or find out if there are subway delays by approaching the tunnel. Google glass is a research and development program by Google to develop an augmented reality head mounted display (HMD). Google project glass products would display information in smart phone like format hands free and could interact with the internet via natural language voice commands.

Fig2.1. Googles project glasses prototype

Chapter 3

3. Why Google Glasses?

Google glasses are more accessible and hands-free leads to convenience in using it. The glasses are mainly voice-controlled, using voice commands to bring up contacts, send emails and search. They are more sophisticated when compared with smart phones and notepads. We can carry Google glasses very easy i.e. just we wear them like our spectacles. This Google glasses gives user technology at the blink of an eye. Rapid access to information. The glasses appear to run a variant of the Android operating system, using the same microphone icon and other recognisable parts of Google's mobile OS.

3.1 Augmented Reality, Conspiracy Theories and Gaming in the Future A fete in technological accomplishment is pegged to hit our shelves in 2014 and apparently, it's such a jolly experience, you'll stand on a rooftop playing Bibio on a ukulele. Over the last ten years, Google have become prominent in the market despite being a sinister presence, and the announcement of Glass has inevitably prompted the online arrival of writers armed with conspiracy theories. Among these is Mark Sullivan, a writer for pcworld.com who has cleverly photoshopped an image of Google Glass over the giant Nazi head from Nineteen-Eighty Four. Mark begins his rant with "Call me paranoid but I think Google Glass is scary." To be fair Mark, you're not the only one that finds the suggestion of this technology frightening. Let's look at it this way; a corporation renowned for data collection wants us to spend over a thousand of our precious pennies on a GPS tracker for our skulls. It doesn't take an intellectual to figure out there are frightening implications as well as exciting ones. Mark goes on to name a number of potential scenarios in which the technology could be used for Google's gain. He sites that Google made their billions from selling sponsored links and
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ads, and further questions "What's to prevent Google from tracking the movements of our eyeballs to discover the things that catch our attention?" After all, this would be lucrative information to every sort of player in the corporate landscape. Mark's article is an interesting speculation but my major concern is not where Glass will find itself in 2014 or even 2020. It's where it may end up by 2030 and my reasoning is the discussion relating to Glass as a gaming device. Of course, for Google to reach the stage where Glass could reflect the Battlefield 5 prototype would be sensational but I'm fairly sure it would also be where the line between fiction and reality became blurred. It starts off slow. One day, you wake up and think "On the way to work, I'll shoot people" and you do, and it's excellent but why stop at gaming? If Glass could map your surrounding and replace them with something prettier and CG, life becomes our canvas. The next thing you know, you're stood in a seedy bar feeling deflated that you're going home without female company. You look over to a larger lady who is pretty but her build just isn't your type. You think "What's her avatar?" You enable it and think "Damn, that's better!" But why stop at people? The world is sometimes Grey, and full of tower blocks, and heroin syringes, and awful, scribbled graffiti, so why not sort out the entire thing? Before you know it, our entire world has become nothing more than an endless bank of skins to try out on the dull blank page of Earth. The year is 2040, after ten years, you finally take off the glasses to discover that North Korea is now the cleanest country on the planet and it's all Google's fault.

Chapter 4

4. Architecture

4.1 Hardware parts

Video display Camera Microphone Micro USB port Motion detector Touchpad Global positioning system (GPS)
Motion detector Touch pad Control button

Display screen

Microphone & speaker

Camera

Fig4.1. Inner view of Google glasses

4.1.1 Video display Here we use transparent LCD as display device.

4.1.2 Camera Here we use Elphel camera. Elphel is an open source hardware and open source camera designed by Elphel inc. primarily for scientific applications, though due to its both open hardware and open source camera software, FLOSS, it can easily be customize for many different applications. The current model is Elphel 353.

4.1.2.1 Applications: Elphel cameras are being used to capture images for Google street view and Google Books project and are used in a Global Hawk UAV operated by NASA. The Moss Landing Marine Laboratories use Elphel cameras in their project called submersible capable of under ice navigation and imaging (SCINI) a NSF- funded research project for robotic under the sea ice for surveying and sensor front-end. The camera was used in Apetus project by a group of enthusiasts and moviemakers worldwide who work to achieve digital cinema solution.

Fig4.2 Elphel 333 Circuit and sensor board

4.1.3 Microphone

A microphone is an acoustic-to-electric transducer or sensor that converts sound into an electrical signal. Most microphones today use electromagnetic induction, capacitance change, piezoelectric generation, or light modulation to produce an electrical voltage signal from mechanical vibration.
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4.1.3.1 Laser microphone:

Laser microphones are often portrayed in movies as spy gadgets, because they can be used to pick up sound at a distance from the microphone equipment. A laser beam is aimed at the surface of a window or other plane surface that is affected by sound. The vibrations of this surface change the angle at which the beam is reflected, and the motion of the laser spot from the returning beam is detected and converted to an audio signal. In a more robust and expensive implementation, the returned light is split and fed to an interferometer, which detects movement of the surface by changes in the optical path length of the reflected beam. The former implementation is tabletop experiments the latter requires an extremely stable laser and precise optics. A new type of laser microphone is a device that uses a laser beam and smoke or vapor to detect sound vibrations in free air. On 25 august, U.S parent, 50,533 issued for a particulate flow detection microphone based on a laser-photocell pair with a moving stream of smoke or vapor in the laser Beams path. Sound pressure waves cause disturbances in the smoke that in turn variations in the amount of laser light reaching the photo detector. A prototype of the device was demonstrated at the 127th audio engineering society convention in New York City from 9 through 12 October 2009.

Fig4.3 The Opto-acoustics 1140 fiber optic microphone.

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4.1.4 GPS

Global positioning system (GPS) is a space based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. The critical capabilities to military, civil and commercial users around the world. It is maintained by the United States government and is freely accessible to anyone with a GPS receiver.

Fig4.4 Artists conception of GPS Block II-F satellite in Earth orbit. 4.1.5 USB

Universal serial bus (USB) is an industry standard developed in the mid 1990s that defines the cables, connectors and communications protocols used in a bus for connection, communication and power supply between computers and electronic devices. USB was designed to standardize the connection of computer peripherals to personal computers, both to communicate and to supply electric power.

Fig4.5 Original USB logo

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4.1.5.1 Mini and Micro connectors:

Various connectors have been used for smaller devices such as tablet computers, smart phones or digital cameras. These include the certified mini-A and mini-AB connectors. The mini-B USB connector was standard for transferring data to and from the early data phones and PDAs, such as Blackberries. The mini-A and mini-B plugs are approximately 3 by 7mm. the micro-USB plugs have a similar width and approximately half the thickness, enabling their integration into thinner portable devices. The micro-A connector is 6.85 by 1.8 mm with a maximum over mold size of 11.7 by 1.8mm with a maximum over mold size of 10.6 by 8.5 mm.

Fig4.6 Micro-B USB

4.1.6 Motion detector

A motion detector is a device that detects moving objects, particularly people. A motion detector is often integrated as a component of a system that automatically performs a task or alerts a user of motion in a area. Motion detectors form a vital component of security, automated lighting control, home control, energy efficiency, and other useful systems.

4.1.6.1 Sensors:

There are four types of sensors used in motion detectors spectrum. Passive infrared (passive) Senses body heat. No energy is emitted from the sensor.
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Ultrasonic (active) Sends out pulses of ultrasonic waves and measures the reflection off a moving object Microwave (active) A sensor sends out microwave pulses and measures the reflection off a moving object Similar to a police radar gun. Tomographic (active) Senses disturbances to radio waves as they travel through an area surrounded by mesh network nodes. Has the ability to detect through walls and obstructions.

Fig4.7 A motion detector attached to an outdoor, automatic light.

4.1.7 Touchpad

A touchpad or track-pad is a pointing device featuring a tactile sensor, a specialized surface that can translate the motion and position of a users fingers to a relative position on screen. Touchpad are a common feature of laptop computers, and are also used as a substitute for a mouse where desk space is scarce. Because they vary in size, they can also be found on PDAs and some portable media players. Wireless touchpads are also available as detached accessories.

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Fig4.8 Touchpad on an HP laptop

4.1.7.1 Operation:

Touchpad operate in one of several ways, including capacitive sensing and conductive sensing. The most common technology used as of 2010 entails sensing the capacitive virtual ground effect of a finger, or the capacitance between sensors. Capacitance based touchpads will not sense the tip of a pencil or other similar implement. Gloved finger may also be problematic. While touchpads, like touch-screens, are able to sense absolute position, resolution is limited by their size for common use as a pointer device, the dragging motion of a finger is translate into a finer, relative motion of the cursor on the screen, analogous to the handling of a mouse that is lifted and put back on a surface. Hardware buttons equivalent to a standard mouses left and right buttons are positioned below, above, or beside the touchpad. 4.2 Softwares used

4.2.1 Android operating system :

Android is a Linux based operating system desi

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gned primarily for touch screen mobile devices such as smart phones and tablet computers. Initially developed by Android, Inc., which Google backed financially and later bought in 2005, Android was unveiled in 2007 along with the founding of the Open handset Alliance, a consortium of hardware, software, and telecommunication companies to advancing open standards for mobile devices. The first Androidpowered phone was sold in October 2008. Android is open source and Google releases the code under the Apache License. This open source code and permissive licensing allows the software to be freely modified and distributed by device manufacturers, wireless carriers and enthusiast developers. Additionally, Android has a large community of developers writing applications that extend the functionality of devices, written primarily in a customized version of the java programming language. In October 2012, there were approximately 700,000 apps for Android, and he estimated number of applications downloaded from Google play, Androids primary app store, was billion. These factors have allowed Android to become the worlds most widely used smart phone platform, Overtaking Symbian in the fourth quarter of 2010.

Fig4.9 Android logo

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Chapter 5

5. Working of Google glasses

Initially we must switch the control button on the top the Google glasses. This button is used to power ON and OFF the Glasses. After switching Google glasses we can use the features inside it just like a smart phone. Many on board applications are installed in Google glasses; they are Google maps, position locator, translator, voice recognizer. We can navigate the pointing device on the screen by using touchpad placed at the right side glasses. A microphone & speaker at the right ear is used to hear and record sound. Camera is placed at the right front of the glasses which is used to capture images and record videos. All these devices are embedded inside this small Glasses, which are voice controlled i.e. if we saw beautiful scenery then just say snap the picture to save that beautiful image. If we are going into a subway which is under construction then Glasses will intimate message to us and also it shows another foot way to reach your destination.

Fig5.1 Prototypes of Google glasses

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Chapter 6

6. Applications
Audio & Video calling is possible in Google glasses. Assistance to disabled i.e. Google glasses can give directions to disabled. Snowboard goggles i.e. fast searching of contacts. We can buy live tickets just by watching wall-poster on the streets. We can watch 2D, 3D pictures and videos. We can interface Google glasses with smart phones by using Bluetooth & WIFI. Navigation. We can share locations to our friends using voice recognisation. Tweeting becomes very easy using Google Glasses. We can save contacts. We can listen to radio. We can use it for translation i.e. just like Google translator.

Fig6.1. We can snap pictures and capture videos

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Fig6.2 The glasses also allow users to record and share videos from a built-in camera, just like on YouTube

Fig6.3 The service lets you locate nearby friends in a similar way to Google's current Latitude service

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Fig6.4 The Glasses shows off a weather forecast layered over a view of the world.

Fig6.5 The Glasses shows off navigation information similar to what Google currently offers via its Maps service

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Conclusion
Technology should work for you-to be there when you need it and get out of your way when you dont. Google X started project glass to build this kind of technology, one that help you explore and share your world, putting you back in the moment. Be a creator, not a user. Although the glasses are not yet for sale, the company says it is testing them in public and plans to release them to consumers in the next two years. A video released by Google shows a typical day in the life of a Google glasses user - he finds out the weather forecast, makes plans to meet a friend, plots the route, reminds himself of a book title, and has a video chat all by speaking to the glasses or looking at things with them.

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References
Google. Project Glass: One day YouTube Available at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9c6W4CCU9M4 Gorman, M. Google Glass shows how Diane von Furstenberg is living, what it's like at New York Fashion Week (video). http://www.engadget.com/2012/09/14/google- glass-diane-von-furstenberg-newyork-fashion- week-video/ Apple Patent A Reminder That It's Working On Google Glass-Style Wearable Tech, Too. Mobile Phone Advisor. December 7, 2012. http://mobilephoneadvise.com/apple-patent-a- reminder-that-its-working-on-googleglass-style- wearable-tech-too Azuma, R. A Survey of Augmented Reality. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 6(4): (1997) 355 - 385. Albanesius, C. Google Project Glass Replaces the Smartphone with Glasses PC Magazine April 4, 2012. http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0, ] LaMonica, M. Google X Labs: First Project Glass, next space elevators? CNET.com April 24, 2012. http://news.cnet.com/8301-11386_3-5740940276/google-x-labs-first-project-glass-next-space-elevators/ FURTHER READING: https://plus.google.com/111626127367496192147 "Android Could Be A Billion-Dollar Business, For Microsoft". Forbes. 2012-04-18. Retrieved 2013-03-14 Android developer guide: http://developer.android.com/guide/index.html "Ecosystem". Wireless Gigabit Alliance. Retrieved 2011-12-02 Diehl, Stanford; Lennon, Anthony J.; McDonough, John (Oct. 1995). "Touchpads to Navigate By". Byte (inEnglish) (Green Publishing) (October 1995): 150.ISSN 03605280 Paritsky, Alexander; Kots, A. (1997). "Fiber optic microphone as a realization of fiber optic positioning sensors". Proc. of International Society for Optical Engineering (SPIE) 3110: 408409 National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on the Future of the Global Positioning System; National Academy of Public Administration (1995). The global positioning
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system: a shared national asset: recommendations for technical improvements and enhancements. National Academies Press. p. 16.ISBN 0-309-05283-1 Open source hardware 2009 - The definitive guide to open source hardware projects in 2009, Make:, 2009, retrieved November 23, 2010 http://www.pcworld.com/article/259771/google_glass_horror_stories_from_your_priva cy_free_future.html

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