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FOR FOR FORM 3 FORM 3 FOR FORM 3

SCIENCE INTENSIVE PROGRAMME FOR FROM 3 CHAPTER 7 : ELECTRICITY SMK SUNGAI PASIR , O8OOO SUNGAI PETANI , KEDAH DARULAMAN. TEL : 04-421 1764 FAX : 422 0203 LAMAN WEB : WWW.SMKSP.COM

1 Matter is made up of tiny and discrete (separate) particles called atoms.

6 Everyday phenomena related to electroststics are : Lighting Petroleum tankers Spark plugs 7 The flows of the electrical charges that are static in one specific direction produces electrical currents.
Showing the flow of electrical charges produces electrical current

2 Normally, the numbers of proton and electrons in a neutral material is equal. But when two materials which are electrical insulators are rubbed together, electrons will be transferred from one material to another. Before rubbing After rubbing

8 Electric current, Voltage and Resistance :

Defination Electric current The rate of flow of electrical Voltage The electrical force needed to charges from one point to another point in a conductor. S.I. Units
Measuring tools

Resistance The characteristic of resisting the flow of electrical charges in a conductor.

3 Friction between two insulator materials produced static electrical charges. 4 The pulling or pushing force between two charged materials is called electroststic force.

charges through a move electrical a point in a conductor.

Ampere (A) Ammeter

Volt (V) Volmeter

Ohm ( )

Like charges repel. Unlike charges attracr. 5 An electroscope is a device which detects electrical charges and identifying types of charges.

9 Relationship between current, voltage and resistance : Ohm's Law Voltage (V) Resistance (R) = Current (I) 1. The ratio of voltage/current is a constant, which is equal to the resistance of the resistor. 2. The current is directly proportional to the volateg.
Voltage (volts)

Current (ampere)

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9 A electric circuit is a complete pathway whereby an electrical current is able to flow. Symbols of the components of a electric circuit

Types Advantges

Series circuits

Parallel circuits

Disadvantages

10 There are two types of electric circuits :

1. One switch can 1. If one bulb fails, control all electric others bulbs still -al appliances in light up. the circuits. 2. The current 2. Cells supply increase if the energy for a numbers of dry longer time. cells increase. 1. If one bulb fails, 1. Each electrical others bulbs will appliaances is light off. controlled by its own switch. 2. Dry cells will 2. The current does discharge quickly. not increase if the numbers of dry cells increase.

11 Magnectism : Lodstone is a natural magnet. It attracts iron, nickel and cobalt which known as magnetic substances. Today magnet are made of alloys containing these magnetic substances.

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12 Magnetic filed is the space around a magnet where magnetic force act.

[2] Determine the direction of magnetic field

Magnetic field lines and their direction

Right-Han Grip Rule

13 The magnetic field lines are :

Closer at the poles. Start from the north pole and end at the south pole Do not cross each other. Magnetic field lines from the same pole repel each other ; different pole attract each other.

14 When a conductor is connected to an electric current, it can produce a magnetic field. [1] Magnetic field produced by a straight wire

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