Shames Radi Mrs.

Hennessy History 10 (CP) 3 June, 2013

Chapter 10 Section 4 Slavery and Secession

I. Slavery Dominates Politics A. Dred Scott Decision 1. Dred Scott, slave who had lived in free areas sues for freedom 2. 1857, Chief Justice Roger B. Taney hands down decision a. slaves do not have rights of citizens b. no claim to freedom, suit begun in slave state c. Congress cannot forbid slavery in territories because it would interfere with a Slaveholders right to own property B. The Lecompton Constitution 1. Proslavery Kansas government writes constitution, seeks statehood 2. Referendum votes down constitution; President Buchanan endorses it 3. Stephen Douglas gets second referendum; voters reject it again II. Lincoln-Douglas Debates A. Lincoln Challenges Douglas 1. 1858, Republican Abraham Lincoln runs for Douglass Senate seat 2. Because Lincoln unknown, challenges Douglas to 7 debates about slavery in the Territories B. Positions and Arguments 1. Douglas: slavery backward, not immoral; Lincoln: slavery immoral 2. Douglas thinks popular sovereignty will undo slavery 3. Lincoln thinks legislation needed to stop spread of slavery 4. Both men distort others views, make them seem extreme C. The Freeport Doctrine 1. Lincoln: how to form free states if territories must allow slavery 2. Douglass Freeport Doctrineelect leaders who do not enforce slavery 3. Douglas wins seat; doctrine worsens regional split between Democrats 4. Lincolns attacks on vast moral evil of slavery draw attention III. Passions Ignite A. Harpers Ferry 1. John Brown plans to start a slave uprising, needs weapons 2. 1859, leads band to federal arsenal in Harpers Ferry to get arms 3. U.S. Marines put down rebellion, capture Brown B. John Browns Hanging 1. Brown is hanged for high treason, December 1859 2. Many Northerners admire Brown; Southerners fear future uprisings IV. Lincoln Is Elected President A. The Republican Convention 1. Overflowing crowds attend presidential convention in Chicago B. Seward and Lincoln 1. Senator William H. Seward expected to win nomination

Shames Radi Mrs. Hennessy History 10 (CP) 3 June, 2013

Lincoln wins nomination; seen as more moderate than Seward a. tells South will not meddle with slaves; South feels threatened C. The Election of 1860 1. Democrats split over slavery 2. Lincoln wins with less than half of popular vote- gets no Southern electoral votes V. Southern Secession A. The Shaping of the Confederacy 1. South Carolina and 6 other states secede: a. want complete independence from federal control b. fear end to their way of life c. want to preserve slave labor system 2. Feb. 1861 Confederacy or Confederate States of America forms 3. Confederacy permits slavery, recognizes each states sovereignty 4. Former senator Jefferson Davis unanimously elected president B. The Calm Before the Storm 1. Buchanan calls secession illegal, says also illegal to stop it 2. Mass resignations from government in Washington, D.C. 2.