ENGL 142N: Introduction to Journalism Preparation for the Quiz on News Organization and News Writing Sample Questionnaire

1-3) Three main newspaper organizations 1) ________________ 2) ________________ 3) ________________ 4-5) Four determiners as to how many people are employed in the newspaper company and what they do 4) ________________ 5) ________________ 6-9) Four sub-organizations under the business newspaper organization 6) ________________ 7) ________________ 8) ________________ 9) ________________ 10) Accounts for between 60-80% revenue of the newspaper. ________________ 11-12) Two kinds of advertising 11) ________________ 12) ________________ 13) Consists of many ads in small type, usually without pictures; cheapest both for customers to buy and for the newspaper to produce; highly profitable; make up a very large percentage of the newspapers income; rarely solicited by the staff, these ads come in usually by phone or by personal visits to the newspaper office. ________________ 14) Larger advertisements often solicited, or sold, by members of the advertising staff who visit local merchants and organizations; quite a lucrative business to get into since the salesperson usually receives a commission on each ad that he or she sells; cost is usually determined by the amount of ad space, color, and particular newspaper rates. ________________ 15) Newspapers are usually printed on large presses that are usually owned by the newspaper and located in the newspaper building itself; printing a newspaper is a highly technical job that requires many skilled people and sophisticated machinery. ________________ 16) Reflection of the size of the newspaper press. ________________ 17-18) Two major jobs of the production department 17) ________________ 18) ________________ 19) Office in charge of printing and layout. ________________ 20) Concerned with how the newspaper is distributed; generates the other 20-40% of the newspapers revenue; even small newspapers have elaborate systems that involve many people. ________________ 21) One of the biggest problems that circulation departments have. ________________ 22-23) Two ways of selling newspapers 22) Delivered to a home or business. ________________ 23) Through newspaper racks or newspaper vendors. ________________ 25-29) Five inclusions of administrative duties 25) ________________ 26) ________________ 27) ________________ 28) ________________ 29) Concerned about the public face of the newspaper. ________________

30) Concerned with producing the news, pictures, graphics, and entertainment information that we are most likely to associate with the newspaper. It is here journalism is practiced. ________________ 31-34) Four sub-organizations under the editorial newspaper organization 31) ________________ 32) ________________ 33) ________________ 34) ________________ 35) Sometimes called the editor-in-chief or the executive editor; responsible for the entire news and editorial operation of the paper; a manager more than an editor in the sense that he or she must make decisions about whom to hire and promote and what jobs people should have; rarely involved in the day-to-day operations of the newsroom, but always stays informed about the operations of other editors and reporters; usually part of the planning process in major projects of the newspaper, such as a multipart series of stories or a major investigative piece; make sure that the editorial side stays within a budget that is usually set at the beginning of the budget year; often the public face of the newspaper; speaks for the paper and represents the paper at public meetings and forums; must have worked in a number of journalistic jobs throughout the newsroom; represents the standards that a newspaper has set for itself. ________________ 36) Second in command to the executive editor; responsible for the day-to-day operation of the newspaper and making sure that all of the departments of the editorial side are functioning and contributing to the content of the paper in appropriate ways; deeply involved in all aspects of the editorial operation, from planning large projects to editing the first or final drafts of important stories; must have enough training and knowledge to deal with other parts of the newspapers organization besides the newsroom; schedules the printing of special sections with the production department and often coordinates special projects with the advertising and promotions departments; runs the daily news meetings where all of the section editors get together to discuss the days news and how the newspaper will handle it; morning newspapers usually have two news meetings each day. ________________ 37) Formulate and communicate the organizations values and priorities and a good managing editor can take these beyond their operational purpose and make them valuable training sessions and forums for discussion. ________________ 38-39) Two news meetings 38) ________________ 39) ________________ 40-44) Five usual newsroom divisions 40) ________________ 41) ________________ 42) ________________ 43) ________________ 44) ________________ 45) Responsible for managing the coverage of the local area; decides how to distribute reporters so that they are aware of the important events that occur within the community; usually at the center of the coverage of any breaking or sudden news events that occur in the area; decides what resources to put into a story; must know the city well and know where information can be found and who would be good sources for reporters; must understand the governmental, social, and economic structure of a city; every bit of knowled ge about the city helps make good editorial judgments about the papers news coverage. ________________ 46-47) Two major areas in a community 46) ________________ 47) ________________ 48) Sometimes called the wire editor; handles stories from wire services (e.g. Associated Press) for national and international news; not only selects and edits the national and international stories but also sometimes rewrites or revises stories, combining information from several different sources; responsible for making sure that the latest information about national and international stories is in the newspaper. ________________ 49) Process of taking a wire story and finding a local effect or angle. ________________ 50) Fills an entire section of at least eight pages or more; must ensure that the major sports events in the area are covered; a newspaper must be sensitive to the sports interests of its readers. ________________

51) Additional feature of the sports department. ________________ 52) Responsible for the news about the areas business and industries; wades through all of the incoming public relations releases and try to find the important news of the business community; must have a keen understanding on the business conditions and relationships in the area. ________________ 53) Commonly called lifestyles; handles a range of topics that might include personality profiles, arts and entertainment, food, gardening, hobbies, and society news; less attuned to the days events; must plan ahead, days or even weeks in advance; has the most innovative page design in the newspaper; has a different look than the rest of the paper. ________________ 54) Exist mainly to help main sections of the newspaper. ________________ 55-59) Five sections in supporting sections 55) ________________ 56) ________________ 57) ________________ 58) ________________ 59) ________________ 60) Read stories as they are written and check for technical, factual, and writing errors. ________________ 61-62) Two kinds of copy desks 61) Where most of the stories and sent and then distributed to individual copy editors. ________________ 62) Each section has a copy desk where copy editors can develop specialized knowledge about that section. ________________ 63) Person on the staff who is considered the expert on language and style. ________________ 64) Headed by the photo editor who attends news meetings and makes photo assignments based on what he or she hears at the meetings, requests that section editors make, and what the photographers on the desk may report themselves; there are far fewer photojournalists than reporters, so pictures are shot for the most important stories or ones that have obvious visual aspects; may have picture editors who process photographs and who are skilled in using computers and software that will enhance photographs and get them ready for printing. ________________ 65) Headed by the graphic editor (or art director) who attends news meetings to hear what is going on and to decide what contributions the department can make to a story; makes maps and charts, a summary or a bulleted list, annotated illustrations, or other necessary additions that help readers better understand what the story is about. ________________ 66) A group of design or layout editors who puts headlines, pictures, and stories together on a page in a way that is easy to read and that reflects the graphic personality of the newspaper; must be experts in page layout software; page designers must all observe the same design rules in terms of typefaces for headlines an body copy cutline and byline styles, and other design rules. ________________ 67) Usually the person in charge of putting together the front page of the newspaper; not only must have design skills but also must have the intelligence of a copy editor and the understanding of the newspapers audience equal to that of any section editor; must be a skilled wordsmith to write accurate, attention-getting headlines. ________________ 68) Charged with uploading the newspapers stories and pictures onto the papers website; ensures that the site is updated throughout the day and evening with the latest breaking news; some papers have websites that have grown to be more of independent entities with staff that can produce its own contents and that can use and supplement the content of the print edition. ________________ 69) Soul of the business of journalism; culture of journalism puts a thick psychological wall between the news functions and the editorial functions; this section is sometimes located in a part of the building that is separate from the news and business functions of the paper. ________________ 70-74) Five sub-organizations in the editorial page newspaper organization 70) ________________ 71) ________________ 72) ________________ 73) ________________

74) ________________ 75) Heads the editorial page section; rarely attend news meetings and is usually not part of the planning process for major projects; sometimes contact and coordination with the news sections must occur, particularly if the newspaper is going to take an editorial position on a subject that the news department is covering; these contacts must be kept at a minimum. ________________ 76) Handles letters to the editor and other communication with the public; edits syndicated columns. ________________ 77) Pieces written by experts or people with strong opinions about a topic. ________________ 78) Produce editorials each day. ________________ 79) Produces an editorial cartoon everyday or several times a week. ________________ 80) Any agency responsible for the gathering, writing, and publishing of news events and stories; its function is to inform but its role is to make money. ________________ 81) Equivalent to the newsroom. ________________ 82) Often referred to as the owner of the paper. ________________ 83) Often referred to as top editor or editor-in-chief; sets the publication standards for performance as well as for motivating and developing the staff; he is generally responsible for the content of the publication. ________________ 84-86) Three functions of news 84) ________________ 85) ________________ 86) ________________ 87) Concept that helps journalists decide what mass media audience should be interested. ________________ 88-93) Six elements of news value. 88) ________________ 89) ________________ 90) ________________ 91) ________________ 92) ________________ 93) ________________ 94) News value that differentiates journalists from historians or playwrights; immediacy; reporting about unfolding events. ________________ 95) News value that answers the question: Why is this so? Nearness of the events to the intended readers; can be physical or emotional. ________________ 96) News value that is applicable to either people or places. ________________ 97) News value that values importance of the event and how it affects people. ________________ 98) News value that appeals to human interest; anything that deviates from the normal courses of events. ________________ 99) News value about clashing of ideas; when people disagree, fight, or argue. ________________ 100) All areas that the reporter covers on a regular basis; examples include police, city hall, capitol, business, education, sports, and arts. ________________ 101-102) Two kinds of sources 101) ________________ - Things reporters see 102) ________________ - Discussions with people

103-104) Two types of news sources 103) Government branches, agencies, and LGUs. ________________ 104) Cause-oriented, youth, and labor groups; campuses and universities. ________________ 105-106) General types of news stories. 105) Something moving, visual, and concrete; based on actual coverage or presented as if the writer is an eyewitness to the event. ________________ 106) Culled from reports and documents; abstract and static; can also be called substance story. ________________ 107-115) Nine categories or types of stories 107) ________________ 108) ________________ 109) ________________ 110) ________________ 111) ________________ 112) ________________ 113) ________________ 114) ________________ 115) ________________ 116-121) Six expectations of journalists 116) ________________ 117) ________________ 118) ________________ 119) ________________ 120) ________________ 121) ________________ 122-125) Four unacceptable practices 122) ________________ 123) ________________ 124) ________________ 125) ________________ 126-128) Three general methods of news gathering 126) ________________ 127) ________________ 128) ________________ 129-134) Six types of questions 129) ________________ 130) ________________ 131) ________________ 132) ________________ 133) ________________ 134) ________________