Brief Introduction to IPX Protocol

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NetWare Fi l e Ser vi ce

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X. 25 FR DDN I SDN / PSTN

NetWare Di r ect or y Ser v i c e

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Novell IPX Protocol Stack

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NetBIOS SPX

NetWare Core Protocol (NCP)

Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

Service Advertising Protocol (SAP)

Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX)

Medium Access Protocols (Token Ring, Ethernet, ARCNET)

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Status of IPX Protocol in Router

Appl i cati on Layer Transm i ssi on Layer

Appl i cat i on Layer Pr ot ocol RIP TCP UDP SAP

Net wor k Layer

IP

IPX

Li nk Layer

802.2 802.3 Ethernet II Ethernet SNAP

PPP

Frame Relay

X.25 LAPB

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Basic IPX Characteristics

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Address structure
10 bytes: network number.node number MAC address of interface is part of logic address

Multiple encapsulation formats Route protocol: RIP (Routing Information Protocol) Service Advertising: SAP(Service Advertising Protocol) NetWare client detects server via sending GNS request

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Novell IPX Address

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Network address: 4 bytes

Presentation: xxxxxxxx 0 network address: local network All-f network address (ffffffff): Inter-network broadcast address fffffffe: Network address with default route

Node address: 6 bytes

For Ethernet: it corresponds to MAC address Presentation: xxxx.xxxx.xxxx All-f node address (ffff.ffff.ffff): intra-network broadcast address www.huawei.com

IPX Encapsulation Format

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Ethernet_802.3
Default encapsulation format of NetWare3.11 and previous versions

Ethernet_802.2
Default encapsulation format of NetWare3.12 and subsequent versions

Ethernet_II Ethernet_SNAP
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RIP--IPX Routing Protocol

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Distance vector route calculation: ticks (1/18 second) and hops (15hops at the most) Broadcast route information to adjacent router every 60 seconds by default

RIP Route Table

RIP Route Table

RIP Route Table

RIP Route Table

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SAP--Service Advertising Protocol

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SAP message broadcasts externally all NetWare network service Will add broadcast load to network

SAP Information Table

SAP I nf orm at i on Tabl e

Di screet Li steni ng on Ser v i c e I nf orm at i on

Ser v i c e I nf orm at i on

Ser v i c e I nf orm at i on

cl i ent

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GNS--How Client Detects Server

Client sends GNS broadcast message if it needs to access server File server and router receive GNS message File server returns GNS response message

Fi l e Ser v e r GNS Re s p o n s e

c l i ent

GNS Re q u e s t : Ho p e t o o b t a i n f i l e ser vi ce

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IPX Global Configuration Command

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Enable IPX Routing

Quidway(config)# ipx routing [ node ]

Load Balance by Multiple Routes

Quidway(config)# ipx max-paths paths

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IPX Interface Configuration Command

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Configuration Interface Encapsulation Type Quidway(config-if-Ethernet0)# ipx encapsulation encapsulation-type

Allocate Network Number to Interface

Quidway(config-if-Ethernet0)# ipx network network

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IPX Configuration Example

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5e. 00e0. f c7d. 0098

5e. 00e0. f c23. 3046

Net wor k Number : 5e Encapsul at i on Type: 802. 2

Net wor k Number : 3c42

s0

s0

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Monitor IPX Information

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Display IPX Status Data show ipx interface show ipx route show ipx servers show ipx traffic

Debug IPX debug ipx routing debug ipx sap

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Display IPX Interface Information

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Q u idw ay(config)#showipxinterfaceethernet0 E thernet0isup,lineprotocolisup IPXaddressis5e.00e0.fc03.d034[up]line-up DelayofthisIPXnetw o rk,inticksis1 IPXtype20propagationpacketforw ardingisdisabled S A PG N Sp r o c e s s i n ge n a b l e d S A PG N Sr o u n dr o b i np r o c e s s i n gd i s a b l e d Themaximumnumberofserversreservedis4 IPXRIPupdateintervalis60seconds,agingm u ltiplesis3 IPXSAPupdateintervalis60seconds,agingm u ltiplesis3 R IPpacketmaximumsizeis432bytes S A Pp a c k e tm a x i m u ms i z ei s4 8 0b y t e s R IPpacketsreceived22,RIPpacketssent23 SAPpacketsreceived5,SAPpacketssent5 1686bytesreceived,1670bytessent www.huawei.com

Display IPX Routing Table

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Quidway(config)#show ipx route Codes: C - Direct connected network, S - Static, F - Float s - seconds, u - uses 6 Total IPX routes. Up to 3 parallel paths, 4 reserved paths and 16 hops allowed. Current default route is: S fffffffe [010/001/02] via 5e.00e0.fc03.4532, Ethernet0 C 5e(sap), Ethernet0 C 3c42(ppp), Serial0 F 210 [060/002/01] via 5e.00e0.fc03.4532, 2s,Ethernet0 F 315 [060/007/01] via 3c42.00e0.fc03.c021, 25s,Serial0 F 9df43 [060/007/01] via 3c42.00e0.fc03.c021, 25s,Serial0

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Display SAP Service Information

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Q u idway(config)#showipxservers Codes:S-Static,F-Float,s-seconds 2TotalIPXServers.4reservedserversallowed. Tableorderingisbasedonroutingandserverinfo. Type Name Net Address portPre/Route Hops If F4 file-server 315.0003.0003.0003:0034060/007/01 1Ser0 F7 print-server 9df43.00c0.fc04.0021:0003060/007/011Ser0

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Display IPX Flow Statistic Information

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Quidway(config)#show ipx traffic Recv: 47 total, 0 droped 42 broadcast, 0 forward, 5 echo Sent: 90 total, 85 broadcast 0 forwarded, 5 echo RIP: 5 RIP requests, 5 RIP replies, 6 RIP requests sent 32 RIP advertisements received, 68 sent, 6 routes SAP: 0 SAP get nearest requests, 0 SAP get nearest replies 5 SAP requests, 5 SAP replies, 6 SAP requests sent 0 SAP advertisements received, 0 sent, 0 servers Forward: 0 need forwarding, 0 success 0 no route, 0 encapsulation failed Echo: 5 requests received, 5 replies sent 0 requests sent, 0 replies received 0 no route Total: 2406 bytes received, 4544 bytes sent

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Debug RIP Routing Information

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Quidway#debug ipx routing Quidway#mon IPXRIP: positing full update to Ser0 via 3c42.0002.0002.0002 (broadcast) IPXRIP: (O) src:3c42.0002.0002.0002, dst:3c42.ffff.ffff.ffff, update to Ser0, sending, len=56 network 315, hops 3, delay 8 network 333, hops 4, delay 10 network 5e, hops 1, delay 7 IPXRIP: RIP update to 3c42.ffff.ffff.ffff via Ser0 IPXRIP: RIP Broadcast, last time:7930, current time:7990 IPXRIP: (I) update received from Ser0 (src:3c42.0001.0001.0001), len=48 network 30, hops 1, delay 7 network 20, hops 1, delay 7

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Debug SAP Service Information

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Quidway#debug ipx sap Quidway#mon IPXSAP: positing full update to Eth0 via 5e.000c.aabb.ccdd (broadcast) IPXSAP: positing full update to Ser0 via 3c42.0002.0002.0002 (broadcast) IPXSAP: (O) src:3c42.0002.0002.0002, dst:3c42.ffff.ffff.ffff, update to Ser0, sending, len=96 type 0x0004, "file-server1", 5e.0002.0003.0003(4), 2 hops IPXSAP: SAP update to 3c42.ffff.ffff.ffff via Ser0 IPXSAP: (O) src:5e.000c.aabb.ccdd, dst:5e.ffff.ffff.ffff, update to Eth0, sending, len=160 type 0x0007, "print-server", 9df43.00c0.fc04.0021(3), 2 hops type 0x0004, "file-server", 315.0003.0003.0003(34), 2 hops IPXSAP: SAP update to 5e.ffff.ffff.ffff via Eth0 IPXSAP: SAP Broadcast, last time:8303, current time:8365 IPXSAP: (I) update received from Ser0 (src:3c42.0001.0001.0001), len=160 type 0x0007, "print-server", 9df43.00c0.fc04.0021(3), 2 hops type 0x0004, "file-server", 315.0003.0003.0003(34), 2 hops

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