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Concrete, the traditional material used for building, possesses high compressive strength but only low tensile strength. This means that a fracture in the structure is highly likely after applying only a relatively low load if a structure made purely of concrete is loaded for bend. Steel rods are inserted in the concrete to increase the tensile strength of this construction material producing a composite structure which utilises both the excellent compressive strength of the concrete and the high tensile strength of the steel. The various types of reinforcing steels differ from each other either due to their external form (varying surface shape) or processed form (e.g. as welded wire meshes) or both. The reinforcing steels, also known as armouring, are subdivided into the following types: Rods of 1. hot-rolled round steel 2. hot-rolled ribbed steel 3. hot-rolled and then cold-twisted ribbed steel 4. cold-formed ribbed steel as well as welded reinforcing meshes of 5. flat wires 6. shaped wires 7. ribbed wires.
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