The Sudanese Revolutionary Front SRF Good governance is an age-old dream, which people of Sudan aspired to achieve ever

since the dawn of the independence. In their strenuous quest for achieving this dream the great people of Sudan undertook two renowned historical revolutions in the 1960's and 1980's, which, unfortunately did not reap fruits for multiple reasons. Now, the dictatorship of the National Congress Party (NCP) government has intervened and deepened the historical injustices in terms of political marginalization, economic deprivation and social setbacks for all of the regions of Sudan. It added to all these an overriding failure in administering the diversity of the country by employing a unilateral political and cultural approach which led to the outbreak of war in Darfur, Nubba Mountain, South Kordofan, Blue Nile and the Eastern Sudan and which propelled the South of Sudan to secede. All these policies were undertaken by the Sudanese government in the name of Islam. During this era human dignity was violated through the torture and the unlawful practices in what is called ghost houses. On the political level, a calculated culture of financial and administrative corruption spread out amongst patrons of the government under the pretext of empowerment, and loyalty to the government--not to competence-started to rule. Consequently, infrastructure was destroyed and Sudanese wealth was smuggled abroad. But the most damming evidence for the magnitude of this crisis is the heinous human rights violations which were exemplified by the genocide and the ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity in Darfur, South Kordofan, the Blue Nile and the East and also the oppression and suppression, arbitrary termination of employment and muzzling the foes. Faced with this bitter reality, it is incumbent upon all honorable, patriotic people, with their different ideologies, women, men, young and old to come to a common ground in order to put an end to this unspeakable deterioration and to maintain what is left in the land and unity of this country by overthrowing the regime of genocide by all possible means. In doing so we will be guided by the Document of Restructuring the Sudanese State which would lead to a liberal, democratic and federal state, where religion would be separated so as not to be exploited for political gains. Principles, Objectives and means Firstly Principles, Objectives: 1- An establishment of a state where human rights are respected and equal citizenship is the basis of rights and duties and that peoples are the sources of authority. 2- The establishment of a federal and decentralized system, where all powers (except those of sovereign nature) are delegated to the regions and all the resources are allocated to the different levels of government. 3- The adoption of a multi-democratic system which supports the values of freedom, Equality and justice as an indispensable condition for a peaceful

devolution of power stability and sustainable and equal peace which ensure the general freedom, human rights and the rule of law. 4- Recognition of the principle of distribution of power and wealth on the basis of the population average for each region and its resources following the international standard; with the implementation of the principle of positive differentiation for the war-affected and the most underdeveloped regions. 5- Establishing foreign relationships based on the principle of peaceful coexistence, mutual respect, regional stability, good-neighborly and common interest between the nations and which reflects the balance of Sudan interest between the African and Arab worlds. 6- Adopting a constitution based on the separation of state and religion to ensure elimination of exploitation of religion in politics. 7- Adopting a principle of voluntary unity for all the regions of Sudan. 8- Recognition of racial, religious, cultural and linguistic multiplicity and diversity and the adoption of Sudanese as a sole identity. 9- Recognition of all the international treaties and conventions. 10-Adopting a constitution which ensures civil and political freedoms and economic, cultural and social rights and the assurance of the individual for the right to a decent life and basic services and the protection of his/her safety and security and the respect of his/her free will and fundamental rights. 11-The establishment of national, regional and state commissions for both the freehold lands and prescribed lands otherwise known as Hawakeer and the return of prescribed lands to their owners and addressing ownership and use of land in Sudan. 12- Adopting the principle of separation of Executive, Legislative and Judicial powers. 13- A national unity transitional government which runs the country will be formed from the Sudanese Revolutionary Front, the other political forces, civil society organizations, women and youth movements and other professional, independent personalities, where participation of women shall be not less than 30%. 14- Adopting a media policy which reflects the racial, ethnic, religious, cultural and ideological diversity and multiplicity. 15- All Sudanese languages are to be considered official languages according to the constitution and it is the duty of the state to undertake their development and promotion. 16-Adopting an educational policy which reflects the cultural diversity and multiplicity of the country.

17- Restructuring the civil service and the army forces to reflect ethnic and cultural diversity and multiplicity in the country and agreement on a combat doctrine for the army to guarantee its impartiality and nationalism and to ensure that the army is not used in any political conflict and in war against Sudanese peoples. 18- Adopting a principle of professionalism in the different state apparatuses; including security forces, police, law enforcement agencies and the Judiciary to guarantee their fairness and impartiality. 19- Strengthening the role of women and upgrading their status; politically, socially and economically. 20-Overthrowing the ruling totalitarian regime by all available means and moving with the current political situation to a new transitional era governed by the document of restructuring the Sudanese State for a term of six years through which representatives of Sudanese people will draw a transitional constitution which will guarantee the specified principles. 21- Unifying and strengthening Sudanese political movements, civil society organizations, women, youth and students movements and professionals and organize them to topple the current regime. Secondly the means: 1- Integrating popular peaceful and armed struggle to achieve the goals of the revolution with the least cost and the shortest possible time. 2- Intensifying communication with the other political forces, organizations of civil society, women, youth and students movements and professional leaders to come to a consensus on the document of restructuring the Sudanese State. 3- Applying all means of peaceful pressure; such as demonstrations, sit-ins, strikes, civil disobedience and strengthening and sustaining the revolutionary activities among all segments of the Sudanese population. 4- Launching intensified media campaigns through all available means to expose the practice of the regime and its lies and corruption. 5- Intensifying and activating diplomatic actions to isolate and besiege the regime and strip it from its international legitimacy and explaining the document of Restructuring Sudanese State. 6- Encouraging and welcoming those patriots who announce their defection from the current government and join the document for Restructuring the Sudanese State. Arrangements and Duties of the Transitional Period: 1- Duration of the Transitional Period:

The transitional period will be six years during which all organs and institutions of the government will be restored to serve the citizens of Sudan rather than to profit the ruling class as in the case of the current regime. 2- Restructuring the government: A- As the central government in Khartoum was responsible for waging the war against different regions and marginalized a great number of Sudan populations, accordingly one of the first tasks of the transitional period and the constitutional conference will be restructuring the government for the interest of the regions and create a balanced relationship between the center and the regions. B- The Republic of Sudan will be a decentralized, federal, democratic, liberal State in which citizenship will be the basis of obtaining rights and duties and during and the State will be run by Legislative, Executive and Judicial powers which will enjoy political consensus until the establishment of the constitutional conference and the elected government. 3- Level of government Transitional government will consist of four levels; federal, state, district and local levels with federal apparatuses applied to the lower levels of governance each according to its terms of reference set by the law. Organs of the Transitional government First: the Transitional Parliament: 1- A transitional Parliament shall be formed by applying consensus membership, where all national forces and Sudan regions, men and women shall be represented and where representation of women shall not be less than 30%. 2- The parliament exercises the legislative and control powers during the transitional period, it is an independent authority and no government organ is permitted to put a freeze on its powers or dissolve it and shall continue its duties throughout the transitional period. Second: the Transitional presidency: 1- Consists of: The president Vice presidents (governors). 2- Women representative (vice president). Third: the Transitional cabinet (council of ministers) A- The establishment of a transitional national cabinet to be formed from the National Revolutionary Front, other political forces, organizations of civil society, women and youth movement and independent professional personality, taking into account competency, professionalism and geographical representation (regional) and the representation of woman with no less than 30%.

B- The council consists of the president of the Republic as the prime minister and his vice and the state ministers and that the transitional government has to be limited to the minimum to meet the required goal. Duties of the Transitional period: 1- Preparation and passing of the transitional constitution. 2- Providing security for Sudanese citizens and running the government policies, guaranteeing availability of basic services to the citizens and undertaking all duties of the executive powers and ensuring special treatment to waraffected and armed conflict-affected regions and the return of both legally owned and prescribed lands (Hawakeer) to their original owners with the reservation of the right of leasehold to all Sudanese men and women according to the laws and customs. 3- Ending the state of emergency and the release of all detainees and POWs and the prisoners of conscience and those who were tried for political reasons. 4- Expulsion of the new settlers from the prescribed lands (Hawakeer) of the original owners which have been usurped during the genocide period in Darfur and establish the mechanism for achieving this goal. 5- Addressing and solving the reasons behind the wars and their ramifications in Darfur, South and North Kordofan, Blue Nile and Eastern Sudan and all those who are affected, to expedite their legitimate demands with the priority given to: A- Guaranteeing security and stability. B- Maintaining Justice and reconciliation. C- Ensuring the return of the displaced and the refugees. D- The compensations. E- Addressing land issues. F- Security arrangement designated to affected regions G- Addressing the administrative situation and the level of representation in the central government. H- Within the framework of permanent solution; special treatment shall be taken into consideration when addressing removal of political, economic and cultural marginalization and equitable participation in power and wealth. 6- Undertaking necessary arrangements and providing basic services and the removal of all forms of obstacles, on top of which the security impediment to guarantee voluntary return of the displaced and the refugees to their original homes after being constructed and the compensation of those who are

affected by the war fairly and on the individual and collective level and adopting policies to motivate the displaced to return voluntary to contribute in the building of the country after guaranteeing their legitimate rights. 7- Immediate response to the issues of production projects such as the Gazira Project and the issues of people who are affected by random construction of dams in Kajabar, Marawi, Amri in addition to the people who live in Kanabi to address their issues and come up with the necessary solutions. 8- Maintaining administration of justice and assuring lack of impunity and bringing all those who committed genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and crimes against the country and its citizens to fair trials at the international and national level. 9- Establishing strategic and integral relationships with the Republic of Southern Sudan taking into account the common history and mutual interest 10- The immediate repeal of all the laws which restrict freedoms; starting with the national security law with the guarantee of personal freedoms, freedom of expression and organizations and meetings. 11- Restructuring the organs of the state of the civil service, the armed forces, the Judiciary and other institutions and organs to reflect the multiplicity and diversity in Sudan. 12-Establishing an independent commission for human rights to operate in accordance with regional and international conventions. The Health: 1- Give high priority to the health services by increasing the budget through training and developing health personnel. 2- Rehabilitate and develop hospitals and other health facilities. 3- Upgrade local health facilities and integrated health clinics while taking into consideration equality in providing health services to the urban and rural communities; as well as adopting a system of needs-based reallocation of medical personnel and resources. 4- Prepare and manage health statistics and records, as a basis for health plans and monitoring. 5- Provide primary healthcare. 6- Expand health insurance, with emphasis on the poor and the marginalized. 7- Provision of basic health services for maternal and pediatric health as well as preventative care. 8- Emphasize and focus on preventative care and in combating endemic and chronic diseases/and environmental care.

9- Focus on providing mid-level health care. The Economic Field:

1- Put an end to the regime's armed aggression against the Sudanese people, to
end the large expenditure of capital on its security organs and to end the inflation of state institutions; this is approximately accounting for 70% of the current budget.

2- Reduce the size of the state executive and legislative organs. 3- Fight corruption and return all illegally obtained currency both internally and
externally.

4- Review and revise all the contracts concluded in relation to land, mining, and
oil production, in addition to public corporations and companies.

5- Create a strategic, economic partnership between the two countries of

Sudan and Southern Sudan, in order to contribute to the enhancement of economic growth and development in the interest of the citizens of the two nations. and increase the competitiveness of the Manufacturing and other sectors of the economy to avoid a Dutch disease effect brought on by a heavy reliance on oil production. exchange rates and increase revenue by expanding its base.

6- Increase production and productivity in the agricultural sector; to strengthen

7- The adoption of fiscal and monetary policies which will guarantee stability in 8- Encourage investment and stimulate exports. 9- Eliminate external debt burdens on the national economy through improving
regional and international relations, improving relations with international financial institutions in pursuance of immediate removal of international economic sanctions as well as benefiting from international financial assistance, grants, investment and positive partnership.

10-

The state shall follow balanced and equitable economic development and policies by keeping pace with international development, while focusing on supporting production in the impoverished sections of society. In addition, the state will avail basic services in health, education, clean water and work to alleviate poverty and meet the Third Millennium Goals. Establishment of a commission for resource allocation and equitable distribution of national wealth, while taking into consideration positive discrimination for the benefit of war affected areas and areas that were initially denied development. Design and implement voluntary refugee return programs.

11-

12-

Elimination of Parasitic Economy: 1- Formulation of strict laws to eradicate money laundering operations. 2- Re-establish trust in the banking sector through implementation commercial standards in order to protect banking operations. of

3- End the commodity monopoly and achieve plenteousness through fair competition. 4- Dismantle security companies. 5- Review the sale and liquidation of public sector corporations. 6- Follow scientific methods and approaches development in all parts of the country. 7- Stop rural-urban migrations. for achieving sustainable

Relationship between farmers and pastoralists: 1- Start combating draught and desertification and containing its current impact. 2- Implement a rescue plan to enrich the pastures 3- Delimitation and demarcation of paths and nomadic movements and undertaking measures which serve both the interest of farmers and pastoralists. 4- Delimitation of agricultural areas and encouraging vertical expansion. 5- Provide sufficient water resources in the pasture areas. 6- Holding reconciliation events and supporting organizations of the civil society and solidifying the principles of peaceful coexistence. 7- Establishing watchdog groups from trained police forces to prevent conflicts and to ensure swift intervention in case they break out.

The environment field

1- Achieving the goals of the third millennium and linking it to the issues of development. 2- Develop policies and pass legislations to combat draught and desertification by following scientific methods. 3- Implementing policies for environmental sustainable reform and protection. 4- Restructuring, maintaining and stewardship of forests and activating laws of forest and plantation protection. 5- Undertake new strategies for water; to take into considerations the developments of the water issues nationally, regionally and internationally.

6- Pursue strategies which would increase electricity production from the water resources and develop and distribute the energy and prepare studies on alternative energy. 7Establishing control mechanism to be implemented by the government, the people and organizations of the civil society.

8- Ensuring the return of those who have been arbitrarily terminated from employment and compensate them fairly. The Education Since the education system has been completely devastated in all stages as a result of the National Congress Party (NCP) policies and because it was used as an ideological weapon to minimize awareness resulting in inability to cope with scientific progress, the education system is in need of a major overhaul and reform which requires the following: Goals of education should be: 1- Providing students with a good education, proper knowledge and teaching them to be objective. 2- Creating an environment aims at reinforcing values of good, rights and respect of others 3- Instilling in the individual values of civility in the following ways: a- Respect of work. b- Respect of human rights. c- Respect of professionalism, specialty and honest competition. d- Denouncing religious bigotry, tribal, and inherited biases. e- Respect of privacy and freedom of others and participation in the creation environment that enables an individual to give, capitalizing on his/her talents and to get what he/she deserves. 4- Acquisition of skills that enable the individual to attain the best that is available and to enable him/her to acquire the ability to be creative to serve his/her society and humanity at large. The Educational policies:

1- Democratization of education by providing choices in language, curriculum and teaching methods. 2- Basic education is mandatory and free and a high quality educational environment should be created in all regions of Sudan.

3- Free high school education. 4- Abiding by International standards in elementary education. 5- Guarantee college education by following a lending system to individuals. 6- In the framework of an affirmative action plan the state should provide all the expenses for university educations for those affected by the war in Darfur, South Kordofan, Blue Nile and Eastern Sudan for a period of time long enough to bridge the gap in education between the different regions. 7- Expanding technical education. 8- Bridging the gender gap quantitatively and qualitatively. 9- Adopting co-education and putting in place the foundations to achieve the goals of education and ensure proper values. 10-Increasing spending on education to implement these policies. 11-Putting in place an urgent strategy for rehabilitation of higher education institutions and reconstruction of universities and higher institutes to enable them to produce the qualified and skilled cadre needed to serve the Sudanese people. 12-Changing the school system in accordance with international standards of elementary education. 13-Preparing the school environment and reverting to the boarding school system in rural areas. 14-Taking care of teachers and enabling them to do their jobs by ensuring proper choice of teachers, training and improving teachers terms of service. The National Constitutional Conference Issues to be discussed: 1- System of government 2- Source of state legitimacy. 3- Relationship between state and religion. 4- Nationalities and the identity crisis. 5- Sharing of power and wealth. 6- The economy. 7- Land issues. 8- The bill of rights. 9- Unbalanced development.

10-The uniformed forces and security services. 11-Principles and foundations of unity in diversity 12-Social diversity and women rights. 13-Information (the media). 14-Education. 15-Health. 16-Foreign policy. 17-Government structure and administration of the state. Priority measures should be given to the followings : Abolishing the elections laws and enacting new laws that are compatible with a free democratic multiparty system. Conducting a national census in accordance with international standards that is transparent and under international observation. Conducting free and fair elections at all levels that should be monitored by regional and international observers. Agreeing on transitional temporary security arrangements until completing comprehensive security arrangements that should lead in the end to the formation of a new national army. Formation of a national commission for comprehensive security arrangements aimed at the formation of the armed forces comprised of the Revolutionary Front forces and the current armed forces. Establishing transitional comprehensive security arrangements leading to reconstruction of and reform of the uniformed forces and the national security services in a way that reflects its national nature and guarantees its professionalism and neutrality. Dissolution of the national intelligence and security services and taking immediate steps that are necessary for the establishment of a new apparatus for the protection of national security and security of citizens through collection of information, its classification and presenting it to those in charge of external security. Internal security should be the duty of the police force. Convening of conferences for truth and reconciliation in all regions of Sudan In an effort to recognize and remove past grievances stemming from injustice and hatred in order to build a state that accommodate all Sudanese. Social welfare and caring for persons with disabilities, the elderly,

orphans, sons and daughters of martyrs and children without parents. This requires improving the welfare centers and building of new ones as deemed necessary as well as establishing training centers for the disabled and the displaced. The social security system should also be reformed. Monitoring performance and fighting corruption . The legislative bodies should enact laws and establish special parliamentary committees for monitoring. It is the duty of the transitional government to hold accountable those who are corrupted and to return the looted money. Independence of the judiciary and making the litigation process easy. The government should establish special courts for corruption in order to make the litigation process easy. Popular monitoring and fighting corruption. Establishing an independent national agency for transparency. Strengthening and supporting civil society organizations to help in the fight against corruption. Emphasizing freedom of access to information and the freedom to publish in media outlets. Encouraging and protecting entities that reveal corruption.

Establishing a democratic system The most important mission in the transitional period is the establishment of the democratic system. Achieving this will require adoption of an interim constitution aimed at establishing a democratic system of government that takes into consideration the diversity in culture, ethnic background, religion and language and gender equality. The transitional system should be based on the following: 1- Separation of powers. Separation of the executive, legislative and Judiciary branches of government, and guaranteeing the independence of the Judiciary and freedom of expression and the media. 2- Freedom of organization Ensuring freedom of organization and freedom of political, religion and civic activities by observing the following:

a- Abolishing all laws that restrict freedom of political activity and granting the political parties and civic society organizations all civil liberties that will be stipulated in the interim constitution and those stipulated in international conventions of human rights. b- Direct the police force to keep order and protect basic liberties and freedom of political parties, organizations and groups and to help them in conducting their activities in all forms including exercising their right to demonstrate peacefully. c- Obliging the security services to adhere to the constitution, which should limit the mission of the security services to collection and analysis of information and advising the government to serve the interests of the people not the interests of a political party or the government. d- Spreading a culture of love and coexistence in the Sudanese society through the promotion of principles of respect of culture and beliefs of others and putting in place policies and legislations that should be broadcasted in media outlets and included in the school curriculum. e- Returning confiscated possessions to their owners or providing them with a just compensation instead. f- Providing aid to political parties and civil society organizations to consolidate efforts aimed at achieving peaceful coexistence and strengthening of values of civil life. 3- Freedom of expression The transitional government, in accordance with the constitution, should undertake: a- Abolishing all laws that restrict freedom of journalism and enacting new laws that ensure journalist access to information and publishing. b- -Prevent one party control of forums and restructuring the governmental media outlets in accordance with professionalism and competency in order to serve the people of Sudan, with all their political, religious and linguistic diversity; to avoid serving the interest of the ruling political party or the culture or language of a particular group. c- Ensuring the right to establish private media outlets to serve the cause of peace and progress. 4- Women's Freedom a- Abolishing all laws that restrict womens freedom of study, work or movement. b- Abolishing all laws that impose a particular appearance on women by the state. c- Enacting laws and establishing mechanisms to protect women from harassment or being targeted.

d- Ratifying international conventions pertinent to women rights such as CEDWA. e- Strengthening the role of women in all fields of civil life through affirmative action, expanding the chances of self-development and the chances of promotion and bridging the gender gap. f- Combating harmful traditions and customs that degrade women. g- Guarantee the effective participation of women in public life to contribute in building Sudan. 5- Freedom of Trade Unions a- Repeal the current trade union system and replace it with a democratic trade union system, which express the real will of the workers and their common interest. b- To ensure and reinforce the right of workers, including the right to strike. 6- Reinforce Human Rights and the Assertion of the Rule of Law. Building and establishing democratic systems cant be achieved without the respect of human rights and the assertion of the rule of law. Despite the fact that the current government indicates in its constitution its commitment to such values, the evidence points to grave violations of human rights including imprisonment and torture of political activists; discrimination on the basis of race, gender and religion and intimidation of political opponents. They further violated the rule of law by demolishing the houses, targeting certain IDPs forcing them out and confiscating their properties without due process. For this reason it is upon the transitional government to remove and combat all these practices by doing the followings: a- Passing laws which prevent categorically these practices and replace them with plans to reorganize trades and professions as well as markets and housing, provided that all violations for these laws shall be subject to judicial rule; taking into account observance of all human rights and abide by the adequate procedures in applying the law. b- Establishing an independent commission, to monitor human rights in accordance with international standards. c- Reforming the Chamber of Accountability and Grievance to lift injustice from the citizens and help them regain their rights. d- Peaceful transfer of power through a democratic process. The conclusion The current Sudanese state is a total failure by all objective standards; hence the program with which we address our people and their political and civil forces is based on equal citizenship and restructuring of the Sudanese state and building a

new state and institutions, which would democratization and sustainable development

guarantee

unity,

just

peace,

The Sudanese Revolutionary Front represents a historical block to promote collective, effective and decisive contributions in the Sudanese political arena. It emerged to stay, lead and win in close connection with the organizations of the Sudanese civil society and a joint work with the Sudanese living political forces who aspire for change, to restructure and build a new Sudanese state which respects all, and places the Sudan once more on the map of the regional and international community contributing and active in peace, stability and the well-being of humanity.