1

1. A companys costs, in millions of dollars, are given by the equation, C = x2 3x 27, where x is the number of items sold, in thousands. What are the costs when 1,000 items are sold? 1,500 items? (Hint: If the number of items sold is 1000, then x=1.) a) If x = 1,000, simply substitute x= 3(1) 27 x = 1 3 27 x = -29 b) If x = 1,500 x= 3(1.5) 27 x = 2.25 4.5 27 x = -29.25 2. A companys costs, in millions of dollars, are given by the equation, C = x2 3x 27, where x is the number of items sold, in thousands. How many items must be sold for the costs to be zero? Cost should be zero, c = 0, hence 3x 27 = 0 x = (-3 +/- sqrt( - (4*-27)))/2 x = (-3 +/- sqrt(117)) /2 x = (-3 + 10.8166)/2 or (-3 -10.8166)/2 x = -3.908 or 6.908 3. An objects height, in meters, when thrown vertically from the ground at a velocity of 80 m/s is given by the equation H = -4.9t2 + 80t. Ignoring wind resistance, what is the height of the ball after 2 seconds? 3 seconds? 10 seconds? a. For 2 seconds: H(2) = - 4.9 (2^2) + 80(2) = 140.4 meters b. For 3 seconds: H(3) = -4.9 (3^2) + 80(3) = 107.70 meters c. For 10 seconds: H(10) = -4.9 (10^2) + 80(10) = -4,100.00 meters 4. An objects height, in meters, when thrown vertically from the ground at a velocity of 80 m/s is given by the equation H = -4.9t2 + 80t. Ignoring wind resistance, how many seconds will it take the object to return to the ground? In other words, when is H = 0? Use the quadratic formula in solving this problem, 0= + 80t a = -4,9, b = 80, c = 0 or = 0, or or =5

)=(

) = 16.32653

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5. The distance d travelled by an object during t seconds, when starting with velocity v and subjected to an acceleration a, is given by the equation d = (0.5)at2 + vt. A missile traveling with an initial velocity of 100 m/s fires its rocket motor for 5 seconds. During that period, it experiences an acceleration of 50 m/s2. How far does it travel during the five seconds the motor is firing? The basic equation for solving this is: 2 d = vt + (1/2)at = (100m/s)(5s) + ( ) ) = 500m + (1/2)(1,250)m = 500m + 625m = 1,125m Use the following information for problems 6 through 10. Gatorade/Tropicana North America, a subsidiary of PepsiCo, produces fruit juices and other flavored beverages. Based on data from 1999 to 2001, the net sales (revenue) of Gatorade/Tropicana North America may be modelled by R(t) = -107t2+496t+3452 million dollars and the operating profit (earnings before interest and taxes) may be modelled by P(t) = −18.5t2 + 85.5t + 433 million dollars - where t is the number of years since 1999. (Source: Modeled from 2001 PepsiCo Annual Report, p.44.) 6. Profit = Revenue Costs. Find an expression representing the costs for this time period. P(t) = R(t) - C(t) P(t) + C(t) = R(t) [Add C(t) to both sides.] C(t) = R(t) - P(t) [Subtract P(t) from both sides.] So, the expression is: C(t) = R(t) - P(t). Now let us insert in the values and simplify. C(t) = (-107t^(2) + 496t + 3452) - (-18.5t^(2) + 85.5t + 433) million dollars. C(t) = (-107t^(2) + 496t + 3452 + 18.5t^(2) - 85.5t - 433) million dollars. C(t) = (-88.5t^(2) + 410.5t + 3,019) million dollars. The answer for is: C(t) = -88.5t^(2) + 410.5t + 3019 million dollars. 7. What was the revenue in 2000? (Years since 1999 = 1.) t = 2000 - 1999 = 1 R(t) = -107t^(2) + 496t + 3,452 million dollars. R(1) = -107(1)^(2) + 496(1) + 3452 million dollars. R(1) = -107 + 496 + 3,452 million dollars. R(1) = 3,841 million dollars. The answer for is: R(1) = 3,841 million dollars. 8. What was the profit in 2000? P(t) = -18.5t^(2) + 85.5t + 433 million dollars. P(1) = -18.5(1)^(2) + 85.5(1) + 433 million dollars. P(1) = -18.5 + 85.5 + 433 million dollars. P(1) = 500 million dollars. The answer for (c) is: P(1) = 500 million dollars. 9. Use the equation found in question 6 to find the costs in 2000. C(t) = -88.5t^(2) + 410.5t + 3,019 million dollars. C(1) = -88.5(1)^(2) + 410.5(1) + 3,019 million dollars. C(1) = -88.5 + 410.5 + 3,019 million dollars. C(1) = 3,341 million dollars. The answer for is: C(1) = 3341 million dollars. 10. R and P were calculated in problems 7 and 8. Use these results to find C. How does this value compare with the result of problem 9? R = 3,841 million dollars (found in problem 9) P = 500 million dollars (found in problem 8) C = R - P C = (3841) - (500) = 3,341 million dollars. Finally, the answer for is: Both answers match; therefore the formula from part is correct. Cost=-88t2+401.5t+3,019 million dollar b) R for 2000=-107+496+3,452(t=1)=3,841 million dollar c) P for 2000(t=1)=-18.5+85.5+433=500 million dollar d) Cost(for 2000)=-88+401.5+3,019=3,332.5 million dollar e) Cost by answer of problems 7 & 8=3,341 million dollar, it is almost equal to answer of problem 9.

Reference: H.D. Young, R.A. Freedman (2004). University Physics with Modern Physics (11th ed.). Addison Wesley.