WILLS AND SUCCESSION

Atty. Teresita L. Cruz

SYLLABUS
COURSE DESCRIPTION: A detailed evaluation of the law on testate and intestate succession, including a study on wills, institution and substitution of heirs, computation of legitimes of compulsory heirs, disinheritance, preterition and partition and distribution of the estate of a deceased person.

CIVIL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

BOOK III. TITLE IV. SUCCESSION

CHAPTER 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS (ARTS. 774-782) A. Definitions 1. Succession (Art. 774) 2. Decedent/Testator (Art. 775) 3. Heir/legatee/devisee (Art. 782) B. C. D. Bases/Reasons for Succession Elements of Succession Inheritance vs Succession (Art. 776) 1. Uson vs del Rosario, 92 Phil 530 Jan. 29, 1953 2. Ledesma vs McLachlin, 66 Phil 547; GR 44837, November 23, 1938 3. Rabadilla vs CA, GR 113725, June 29, 2000 Transmission of Successional Rights (Art. 777) 1. Atty. Ferrer vs Sps. Diaz, GR 165300, Apr. 23, 2010 2. In Re Petition For Probate of Last Will & Testament of Basilio Santiago, GR 179859, Aug. 9, 2010

E.

CHAPTER 2. TESTAMENTARY SUCCESSION (ARTS. 783-959) SECTION 1. WILLS SUBSECTION 1. WILLS IN GENERAL (ARTS. 783-795) A. Definition, Elements and Characteristics of a Will (Arts. 783-787) B. Interpretation of Wills (Arts. 788-794) 1. Reyes et al vs CA, GR 124099, October 30, 1997 2. Nepomuceno vs CA, 139 SCRA 206, Oct. 9, 1985 C. Extrinsic Validity of Wills C.1. As to time (Art. 795) 1. Enriquez vs Abadia, 95 Phil 627; GR L-7188, August 9, 1954 C.2. As to place (Art. 17(1); Arts. 815-819)

D. Intrinsic Validity of Wills D.1. As to time (Art. 2263) 1. Jimenez vs Fernandez, 184 SCRA 190 Apr. 6, 1990
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As to place (Art. 16(2); Art. 1039) 1. Aznar vs Garcia, GR L-16759, January 31, 1963 2. Miciano vs Brimo, 50 Phil 867; GR 22595, November 1, 1924 3. Llorente vs CA GR 124371 Nov. 23, 2000 4. Dorotheo vs CA, 320 SCRA 12 Dec. 8, 1999

SUBSECTION 2. TESTAMENTARY CAPACITY AND INTENT (ARTS. 796-803) A. Sound Mind (Art. 799) 1. Bagtas vs Paguio, 22 Phil 227; GR 6801, March 14, 1912 2. Baltazar vs Laxa, GR 174489, Apr. 11, 2012 SUBSECTION 3. FORMS OF WILLS (ARTS. 804-809) A. Basic Requirements for a Notarial Will (Art. 804 806) 1. Azuela vs CA, GR 122880, April 12, 2006 2. Ortega vs Valmonte, GR 157451 Dec. 16, 2005 3. Jaboneta vs Gustilo, 5 Phil 541, January 19, 1906 4. Caeda vs CA, 222 SCRA 781 B. Acknowledgment of Wills (Art. 806) 1. Garcia vs Gatchalian, GR L-20357 Nov. 25, 1967 2. Cruz vs Villasor, 54 SCRA 31; GR L-32213, November 26, 1973 C. Additional Requirements for Deaf-Mute and Blind Testators (Arts. 807-808) 1. Garcia vs Vasquez GR L-26615 April 30, 1970 2. Alvarado vs Gaviola, 226 SCRA 347; GR 74695, September 14, 1993 D. Formal Requirements for Holographic Wills (Arts. 810-814) 1. Ajero vs CA, 236 SCRA 488; GR 106720, September 15, 1994 2. Kalaw vs Relova, 132 SCRA 237; GR L-40207, September 28, 1984 3. Rodelas vs Aranza, 204 Phil 402; GR L-58609, December 7, 1982 4. Roxas vs de Jesus, GR-L-38338 Jan. 28, 1985 5. Uy Kiao Eng vs Nixon Lee, GR 176831, Jan. 15, 2010 D.1. Witnesses to Probate of Holographic Wills (Art. 811) 1. Codoy vs Calugay, 312 SCRA 333 Aug. 12, 1999

E. Joint Wills (Arts. 818-819) 1. dela Cerna vs Rebaca-Potot 12 SCRA 576, Dec. 23, 1964, GR L-20234 SUBSECTION 4. WITNESSES TO WILLS (ARTS. 820-822) A. Qualifications/Disqualifications (Arts. 820-821) 1. Gonzales vs CA, 90 SCRA 187, May 25, 1979 B. Devise/Legacy given to a Witness (Arts. 823-824) SUBSECTION 5. CODICILS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE (ARTS. 825-827) 1. Unson vs Abella, 43 Phil 494; GR 17857, June 2, 1922

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SUBSECTION 6. REVOCATION OF WILLS AND TESTAMENTARY DISPOSITIONS (ARTS. 828-834) 1. Testate Estate of Maloto vs CA, GR 76464, February 29, 1988 158 SCRA 451 A. Doctrine of Dependent Relative Revocation (in relation with Arts. 832 and 837) 1. De Molo vs Molo, 90 Phil 37 Sept. 21, 1951 SUBSECTION 7. REPUBLICATION AND REVIVAL OF WILLS (ARTS. 835-837) SUBSECTION 8. ALLOWANCE AND DISALLOWANCE OF WILLS (ARTS. 838-839) A. Nature of Probate Proceedings (Art. 838) B. Jurisdiction of the Probate Court C. Grounds for Disallowance of a Will (Art. 839) D. Revocation vs Disallowance 1. Mercado vs Santos, 66 Phil 215, September 22, 1938 2. Revilla vs CA, GR 95329, Jan. 27, 1993 3. Reyes vs Reyes, GR 139587 Nov. 22, 2000 4. Ortega vs Valmonte, GR 157451 Dec. 16, 2005 5. Dy Yieng Seangio vs Judge Reyes, GR 140371-72 Nov. 27, 2006 6. Maloles II vs Philips, GR 133359, Jan. 31, 2000 SECTION 2. INSTITUTION OF HEIR (ARTS. 840-856) A. Definition and Requisites (Arts. 840-845) 1. Pecson vs Coronel, 45 Phil 216, October 11, 1923 2. Parish Priest of Victoria, Tarlac vs Rigor GR L-22036 April 30, 1979 B. Equal Sharing; Collective and Simultaneous Institution of Heirs (Arts. 846-849) C. Statement of a False Cause in the Institution of Heir (Art. 850) 1. Austria vs Reyes, GR L-23079 Feb. 27, 1970 D. Incomplete, Inadequate or Excessive Distribution of Estate (Art. 851-853) E. Preterition (Arts. 854-856) E.1. Definition and Requisites E.2. Preterition vs Disinheritance 1. Nuguid vs Nuguid 17 SCRA 449 2. Acain vs IAC, 155 SCRA 101; GR L-72706, October 27, 1987 3. Neri vs Akutin, 74 Phil 185, May 21, 1943 4. Viado Non vs CA, GR 137287, Feb. 15, 2000; 325 SCRA 652 SECTION 3. SUBSTITUTION OF HEIRS (ARTS. 857-870) A. Definition, Requisites, Purpose and Limitations B. Kinds of Substitution (Arts. 858-861) C. Fideicommissary Substitution (Arts. 863-870) C.1. Requisites, Limitation and Prohibitions 1. Perez vs Garchitorena, 54 Phil 431, February 13, 1930 2. Ramirez vs Ramirez, 111SCRA 704 February 15, 1982 3. Kilayko et al vs Tengco, GR L-45425; 45965, March 27, 1992
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* RESERVA TRONCAL (Art. 891) (similarity /difference w/ Fideicommissary Substitution) 1. Nieva vs Alcala, 41 Phil 915; GR 13386, October 17, 1920 2. De Papa vs Camacho, 144 SCRA 281; GR 28032, September 24, 1986 3. Sumaya vs IAC, 201 SCRA 178; GR 68843-44, September 21, 1991 SECTION 4. CONDITIONAL TESTAMENTARY DISPOSITIONS AND TESTAMENTARY DISPOSITIONS WITH A TERM (ARTS. 871-885) A. Conditional Institution (Arts. 872-877; 833-884) 1. Rabadilla vs CA, GR 113725, June 29, 2000 B. Institution with a Term (Arts. 878, 880, 885) C. Modal Institution (Arts. 882-883) 1. Natividad vs Gabino, 36 Phil 663 D. Condition Not To Contract Marriage (Art. 874) 1. Morente vs dela Santa, 9 Phil 387 E. Disposition Captatoria (Art. 875) SECTION 5. LEGITIME (ARTS. 886-914) A. Definition, Purpose and Implications B. Classification of Compulsory Heirs 1. Noble vs Noble, 18 SCRA 1104, Dec. 17, 1966 C. Legitime of Compulsory Heirs (Arts. 888-904) D. Completion of Legitime vs Preterition (Art. 906) E. Computation of Net Hereditary Estate (Art. 908) ** Relate with Collation of Donations (Arts. 1061-1077) a. Collation Procedure b. Duty to Collate of Grandchildren, Parents, Spouses c. Property Subject to Collation 1. Vizconde vs CA, 286 SCRA 217 Feb. 11, 1998 2. Arellano vs Pascual, GR 189776, Dec. 15, 2010 F. Order of Reduction of Donation (Arts. 911 & 950) SECTION 6. DISINHERITANCE (ARTS. 915-923) A. Nature, Concept and Requisites of Disinheritance (Art. 915-917) B. Effects of Invalid Disinheritance (Art. 918) C. Grounds for Disinheritance (Arts. 919-921) 1. Pecson vs Mediavillo, 28 Phil 81; GR 7890, September 29, 1914 2. Dy Yieng Seangio vs Judge Amor Reyes GR 140371-72 Nov. 27, 2006 D. Nature and Effects of Reconciliation (Art. 922-923) SECTION 7. LEGACIES AND DEVISES (ARTS. 924-959) CHAPTER 3. LEGAL OR INTESTATE SUCCESSION (ARTS. 960-1014)
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SECTION 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS (ARTS. 960-962) A. Concept of Intestate Succession (Art. 960) 1. Rodriguez vs Borja, 17 SCRA 418, June 21, 1966 SUBSECTION 1. RELATIONSHIP (ARTS. 963-969) SUBSECTION 2. RIGHT OF REPRESENTATION (ARTS. 970-977) A. Definition, Nature, Limitations and Extent of the Right of Representation 1. delos Santos vs dela Cruz, 37 SCRA 555, Feb. 22, 1971 SECTION 2. ORDER OF INTESTATE SUCCESSION SUBSECTION 1. DESCENDING DIRECT LINE (ARTS. 978-984) 1. Sayson vs CA GR 89224-25, 205 SCRA 321 Jan. 23, 1992 2. Spouses Zaragosa vs CA GR 106401 Sept. 29, 2000 3. Pedrosa vs CA GR 118680 Mar. 5, 2001 4. de Jesus vs Estate of Dizon GR 142877 Oct. 2, 2001 5. Adlawan vs Adlawan GR 161916 Jan. 20, 2006 6. Santos vs Alana GR 154942 Aug. 16, 2005 7. Montero vs Septimo GR 149751 Mar. 11, 2005 SUBSECTION 2. ASCENDING DIRECT LINE (ARTS. 985-987) SUBSECTION 5. COLLATERAL RELATIVES (ARTS. 1003-1010) 1. Bagunu vs Piedad GR 140975 Dec. 8, 2000 2. Fernandez vs Fernandez GR 143256 Aug. 28, 2001 3. Abellana de Bacayo vs Borromeo GR-L-19382, 14 SCRA 986 Aug. 31, 1965 4. GSIS vs Custodio 26 SCRA 658 Jan. 27, 1969 5. Pilapil vs Heirs of Maximino Briones GR 150175 Mar. 10, 2006; Feb. 5, 2007 SUBSECTION 3. ILLEGITIMATE CHILDREN (ARTS. 988-994) A. The Iron Barrier (Art. 992) 1. Diaz vs IAC 182 SCRA 427 June 17, 1987 2. Cacho vs Udan 13 SCRA 693 April 30, 1965 3. dela Merced vs dela Merced GR 126707 Feb. 25, 1999 4. Albolario vs Colinco GR 129163 April 22, 2003 5. In Re: Instestate Estates of Josefa Delgado and Guillermo Rustia GR 155733 Jan. 27, 2006 SUBSECTION 4. SURVIVING SPOUSE (ARTS. 995-1002) 1. Santillon vs Miranda, 14 SCRA 563 2. Verdad vs CA GR 109972, 256 SCRA 593 April 29, 1996 3. Armas vs Calisterio GR 136467 April 6, 2000 SUBSECTION 6. THE STATE (ART. 1011-1014) 1. City of Manila vs Archbishop 36 Phil 504 Aug. 30, 1917
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2. Republic vs Guzman GR 132964 Feb. 18, 2000 CHAPTER 4. PROVISIONS COMMON TO TESTATE AND INTESTATE SUCCESSION (ARTS. 1015-1105) SECTION 1. RIGHT OF ACCRETION (ARTS. 1015-1023) SECTION 2. CAPACITY TO SUCCEED BY WILL OR BY INTESTACY (ARTS. 1024-1040) A. Definition/Qualification to Inherit (Arts. 1024-1026) B. Persons Incapable of Succeeding Due to: B.1. Undue/Improper Influence (Art. 1027) B.2. Public Policy/Morality (Art. 1028) B.3. Unworthiness (Art. 1032) C. Ineffectivity of Causes of Unworthiness (Art. 1033) D. Evaluation of capacity to succeed (Arts. 1034, 1039) 1. Parish Priest of RCC of Victoria, Tarlac vs Rigor, GR-L22036, Apr. 30, 1979 SECTION 3. ACCEPTANCE AND REPUDIATION OF INHERITANCE (ARTS. 1041-1057) SECTION 4. EXECUTORS AND ADMINISTRATORS (ARTS. 1058-1060) 1. Estate of Ventura vs Ventura, GR L-26306 Apr. 27, 1988 SECTION 5. PARTITION AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE ESTATE (ARTS. 1078-1105) 1. Mang-oy vs CA, 144 SCRA 33, Sept. 12, 1986, GR-L27421 2. JLT Agro Inc. vs Balansag GR 141882 Mar. 11, 2005 SUBSECTION 2. EFFECTS OF PARTITION (ARTS. 1091-1096) SUBSECTION 3. RESCISSION AND NULLITY OF PARTITION (ARTS. 1097-1105)

/06/05/2013

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