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 Structural Analysis

Analysis of indeterminate structures by elastic load method, methods

of slop e and deflection, moment distribution, strain energ y;

influence line of indeterminate structures; introduction to p lastic

analysis; ap p rox imate analysis; introduction to matrix structural

analysis.








 







 
  
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Assumption that a building frame behaves as a cantilever beam
               
              
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 These the following steps are for analyzing a frame by the c antilev er method :

1 . C u t free bod ies of eac h story together with the u pper and lower halv es of the attac hed

c olu mns. The free bod ies are c u t by passing sec tions throu gh the mid d le of the

c olu mns( mid way between floor) . S inc e the sec tions pass throu gh the point of inflec tion,

only ax ial and shear forc es ac t on eac h c olu mn at that point.

2 . E v alu ate the ax ial forc e in eac h c olu mn at the point of inflec tion in a giv en story by

eq u ating the internal moments prod u c ed by the c olu mn forc es to the moment prod u c ed by

all lateral load s abov e the sec tion.

3 . E v alu ate the shears in the gird ers by c onsid ering v ertic al eq u ilibriu m of j oints. The

shears in the gird ers eq u als the d ifferenc e in ax ial forc es in the c olu mns. S tart at an

ex terior j oint and proc eed laterally ac ross the frame.

4 . C ompu te the moments in the gird ers. M = V ( L / 2 )

5 . E v alu ate the c olu mn moments by c onsid ering eq u ilibriu m of j oints. S tart with the ex terior

j oints of the top floor and proc eed d ownward .

6 . E stablish the shears in the c olu mns by d iv id ing the su m of the c olu mn moments by the

length of the c olu mn.

7 . A pply the c olu mn shears to the j oints and c ompu te the ax ial forc es in the gird ers by

c onsid ering eq u ilibriu m of forc es in the x d irec tion.

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' (        

                 δ2   ∆
     !   $  ∆
    " ! 
δ
      ∆

     ! 
∆
 
δ
 
     ! 
    " !       
  
∆2
  δ 
 ∆
δ2   
     ! 
    " !  ∆3
∆4 -  . !     ! 
  !   )   ( !    ( !   +
 
     

        δ
  δ 
 ∆    ) ∆  
     

    
   
  
 





*      
     ! 

                


        
  

     ! 




*
 

    " !  
     
*2
      
*
      

     ! 


*3  
     ! 
*4  
    " ! 


   ) 
4        &  $  
  
      $  
 ! '  
 


4  + ) + ∆

=  4  > ∆

$  ( .   #  . !   ) )     ( !   +

2  ;   &    *     ' 
  ?

 λ  λ λ     − λ  − λ λ     ∆


2 λ λ     λ  − λ λ     − λ  ∆2
 

05 6 < 5 = 1

3 − λ  − λ λ     λ  λ λ     ∆3

4 − λ λ     − λ  λ λ     λ  ∆4

λ        
λ        
0:  M :  14 *
0N  M N  14 *