MATERIALS TESTING LABORATORY LABORATORY EXERCISE NO.

5 TESTING OF AGGREGATES
LAB. EXERCISE NO. : 5 A TITLE: REDUCING FIELD SAMPLES OF AGGREGATES TO TESTING SIZE OBJECTIVE: To prepare and reduce a representative sample of aggregates for testing by using a mechanical sample splitter or by quartering method. APPARATUS: Mechanical Sample Splitter Shovel Mixing pan Scoop PROCEDURE: A. MECHANICAL SPLITTER 1. Place the field sample in the hopper of the sample splitter and distribute it uniformly from edge to edge, so that equal amounts will flow through each chute. The rate of pouring the sample shall be such as to allow free flowing through the chutes into the receptacles below. 2. Reintroduce the portion of the sample in one of the receptacles into the splitter as many times as necessary to reduce the sample to the specified sample size for the intended test. 3. The portion of the material collected in the other receptacle may be reserved for reduction in size for other tests. A. QUARTERING METHOD 1. Place the sample on a hard, clean level surface where there will be neither loss of material nor the accidental addition of foreign material. 2. Mix the material thoroughly by turning the entire sample over 3 times. With the last turning, shovel the entire sample into a conical pile. 3. Carefully flatten the conical pile to a uniform thickness and diameter by pressing down the apex with a shovel. The diameter should be approximately four to eight ties the thickness. 4. Divide the flattened mass into four equal quarters with a shovel or trowel. 5. Remove two diagonally opposite quarters including all fine material and brush the cleared spaces clean. 6. Successively mix and quarter the remaining material until the sample is reduced to the desired size.

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Engr. E. G. Ronquillo MTM.3.07

MATERIALS TESTING LABORATORY LABORATORY EXERCISE NO. 5 TESTING OF AGGREGATES

LAB. EXER. NO. 5 B TITLE: UNIT WEIGHT DETERMINATION OF AGGREGATES OBJECTIVE: To determine the unit weight of aggregates. APPARATUS: Volumetric measure (preferably metal) Tamping rod (steel) Balance and weights PROCEDURE: The volumetric measure shall be calibrated by determining the weight of water required to fill it. Volume of container is equal to weight divided by the unit weight of water at the temperature of calibration. A. COMPACT UNIT WEIGHT DETERMINATION 1. Fill one-third of measure, level, and tamp 25 times evenly distributed over surface. 2. Fill two-thirds of the measure and repeat the same procedure as in step-1. 3. Lastly, fill the measure to overflowing and repeat procedure as in step-1. * In tamping, the rod should penetrate only the layer being tamped and should not be forced into the bottom of the measure or last layer placed. 4. Strike-off the excess aggregate with the tamping rod. 5. Get net weight of aggregate in measure. Compute unit weight by dividing the net weight by the volume of measure. B. LOOSE UNIT WEIGHT DETERMINATION 1. Fill the volumetric measure to overflowing by means of a scoop. Discharge the aggregate from a height of about 2 in. from top of measure. Exercise care to prevent segregation of particle sizes. 2. Carefully level-off the surface of aggregate. 3. Get net weight of aggregate and compute unit weight by dividing net weight by volume of measure.

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Engr. E. G. Ronquillo MTM.3.07

MATERIALS TESTING LABORATORY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE HOLY ANGEL UNIVERSITY
LAB. EXERCISE NO. :________________ TITLE: ____________________________ DATE PERFORMED: ________________ DATE SUBMITTED: _________________
DATA SHEET: CALIBRATION OF VOLUMETRIC MEASURE a. Weight of Vol. Measure + Water, gm. b. Weight of Measure, gm. c. Weight of water, gm., (a) - (b) d. Unit Weight of Water, gm/cm3 e. Volume of Measure, cm3 A. LOOSE UNIT WEIGHT a. Weight of Measure + Sample, gm. b. Weight of Measure, gm. c. Weight of sample, gm , (a) - (b) d. Volume of Measure, cm3 e. Unit Weight, gm/cm3, (c) / (d) B. COMPACT UNIT WEIGHT a. Weight of Measure + Sample, gm. b. Weight of Measure, gm. c. Weight of sample, gm., (a) - (b) d. Volume of Measure, cm3 e. Unit Weight, gm/cm3, (c) / (d) 27
Engr. E. G. Ronquillo MTM.3.07

NAME:_____________________ CLASS CODE:_______________ GROUP NO.: ________________ RATING: ___________________

________Aggregates

________Aggregates

MATERIALS TESTING LABORATORY LABORATORY EXERCISE NO. 5 TESTING OF AGGREGATES

LAB. EXERCISE NO. : 5 C TITLE: SPECIFIC GRAVITY, ABSORPTION AND TOTAL MOISTURE CONTENT DETERMINATION TEST OF FINE AND COARSE AGGREGATES OBJECTIVE: To determine the specific gravity, percent absorption and moisture content of aggregates. APPARATUS: Pycnometer or calibrated volumetric flask (500 ml. cap. ) Conical mold, Sample tray, Stirrer or scoop Water bucket, Wire basket of No. 4 mesh Balance and weights, Oven PROCEDURE: A. SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND ABSORPTION TEST FOR FINE AGGREGATES Prior to test, the weight of pycnometer filled with water should be obtained. Air should be expelled by rolling on side or boiling. 1. Soak about 1000g of the sample in water for 24 hours. 2. Spread sample on a flat surface and stir frequently until it approaches a free-flowing condition. 3. Place sample in the conical mold, tamp surface 25 times and lift mold vertically. Sample in the cone will retain its shape in the presence of free moisture. If this condition exists, continue drying and repeat the test until the sample slumps upon removal of the mold. This will indicate a surface-dry condition. 4. Weigh 500g of the surface-dry sample and place in the pycnometer. 5. Fill pycnometer with water and roll on a flat surface to remove air bubbles. Then place in a water bath maintained at 20oC for about one hour. 6. Fill pycnometer to 500 ml. mark and weigh. 7. Remove sample from pycnometer and dry to constant weight. 8. Get oven-dry weight. 1. Determine specific gravity and % Absorption from the ff.: GS = W1 W1+W2-W3 where: GS = specific gravity of bulk saturated surface-dry sample Wo = weight in air of oven-dried sample

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Engr. E. G. Ronquillo MTM.3.07

%Absorption =

W1 Wo Wo

X 100%

W1 = weight in air of saturated surfaced-dry sample W2 = weight of pycnometer filled with water W3 = weight of pycnometer + water + sample

B. SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND ABSORPTION TEST FOR COARSE AGGREGATES 1. Pass about 5 kg. of the sample through a 3/8 in. sieve; reject portion passing. 2. Wash portion retained to remove dust or other coating and soak in water at 200C for 24 hours. 3. Remove sample from water and wipe all visible films of water with an absorbent cloth. Sample is now in surface-dry condition. 4. Weigh surface-dry sample in air. 5. Place sample in wire basket and determine weight in water. 6. Dry sample to constant weight. 7. Get oven-dry weight. 8. Determine specific gravity and Absorption from the ff.: W1 GS = W1 - W2 W1 Wo Wo C. TOTAL MOISTURE CONTENT DETERMINATION OF AGGREGATES 1. Obtain a representative sample of the aggregate mass being tested. Weigh container or tray and record. 2. Place sample in container or tray and weigh to the nearest 0.1%, avoiding moisture loss. Record. 3. Dry the sample to constant weight in the oven at a temperature of 100 - 1100C. 4. Weigh the dried sample and tray to the nearest 0.1% after cooling. 5. Calculate total moisture content. MT = WT - Wo Wo where: X 100% MT = total moisture content WT = weight of original sample WO = weight of oven-dried sample GS = specific gravity of bulk saturated surface-dry sample W1 = weight in air of saturated surfaced-dry sample W2 = weight of sample in water Wo = weight in air of oven-dried sample where:

% Absorption =

6. Surface moisture content may be calculated by: MS = MT - % Absorption where:

MS = surface moisture content MT = total moisture content 29

Engr. E. G. Ronquillo MTM.3.07

MATERIALS TESTING LABORATORY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE HOLY ANGEL UNIVERSITY
LAB. EXERCISE NO. :________________ NAME:_____________________ TITLE: ____________________________ DATE PERFORMED: ________________ DATE SUBMITTED: _________________ DATA SHEET: B. SPECIFIC GRAVITY & ABSORPTION TEST RESULTS FOR FINE AGGREGATE a. W.t of Pyc. + Water, W2, gm. b. Wt. of SSD Sample, W1, gm. c. Wt. of Pyc. + Water + Sample, W3, gm. d. Wt. of Oven Dried Sample, Wo, gm. e. Gs (Bulk SSD), (b)/[(b)-(c)+(a)] f. % Absorption, [(b)-(d)]/(d) x 100%

CLASS CODE:_______________ GROUP NO.: ________________ RATING: ___________________

B. SPECIFIC GRAVITY & ABSORPTION TEST RESULTS FOR COARSE AGGREGATE a. W.t of OD Sample in Air, Wo, gm. b. Wt. of SSD Sample in Air, W1, gm. c. Wt. of Sample in Water, W2, gm. d. Gs (Bulk SSD), (b)/[(b)-(c)] e. % Absorption, [(b)-(a)]/(a) x 100% C. MOISTURE CONTENT TEST RESULTS FOR AGGREGATES Fine a. Wt of Original Sample + Tray, gm. b. Wt. of Tray or Container, gm. c. Wt. of OD Sample + Tray, gm. d. Wt. of Original Sample, WT, gm. e. Wt of OD Sample, Wo, gm. f. Moistrure Content, MT, [(d)-(e)]/(e) x 100% 30
Engr. E. G. Ronquillo MTM.3.07

Coarse

MATERIALS TESTING LABORATORY LABORATORY EXERCISE NO. 5 TESTING OF AGGREGATES

LAB. EXERCISE NO. 5 D TITLE: WASH ON #200 SIEVE OBJECTIVE: To determine the amount of silt and clay adhering to aggregates by the wash test. SIGNIFICANCE OF TEST: The percentage wash passing sieve No. 200 indicate the cleanliness of the aggregates. This test determines the amount amount of silt and clay which may weaken the concrete if they adhere to aggregates. Specifications limit the percentage wash by No. 200 sieve to 3% for fine aggregates and 1.5% for coarse aggregates. APPARATUS: Sieve No. 10 and 200 Pan PROCEDURE: 1. Oven dry the test sample to constant weight at a temperature of 1050C 5oC. 2. Cool to room temperature after drying, Weigh sample. 3. Place sample in a container which is large enough to permit vigorous agitation without spilling when water is added. 4. Add water and agitate. 5. Pour wash water over the nested sieves, with No. 10 sieves on top of No. 200 sieve. 6. Repeat operation until wash water is clear. 7. Return all materials retained on the nested sieves to the washed sample. 8. Place washed sample on a tray and oven dry to constant weight at a temp. of 1050C 5oC. 9. Cool to room temperature after drying and weigh. 10. Calculate percentage wash by the following: % Wash = Where: WO - W WO %Wash = Percentage of materials (or fines-silt & clay) passing sieve No. 200 WO = oven-dry weight of original sample W = oven-dry weight of sample after washing Note: The weight retained will be used on the succeeding test. X 100% Balance and Weights Oven

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Engr. E. G. Ronquillo MTM.3.07

MATERIALS TESTING LABORATORY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE HOLY ANGEL UNIVERSITY
LAB. EXERCISE NO. :________________ TITLE: ____________________________ DATE PERFORMED: ________________ DATE SUBMITTED: _________________
DATA SHEET: DATA FOR WASH ON NO. 200 SIEVE _____________ FINE AGGREGATE _____________ COARSE AGGREGATE

NAME:_____________________ CLASS CODE:_______________ GROUP NO.: ________________ RATING: ___________________

a. Weight of oven-dried sample + tray, gms. b. Weight of tray, gms. c. Weight of oven-dried sample, Wo, gms., (a) - (b) d. Weight of washed & dried sample + tray, gms. e. Weight of washed & oven-dried sample, W, gms. (d) - (b) f. Percentage wash, %, (c) - (e) / (c) x 100

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Engr. E. G. Ronquillo MTM.3.07

MATERIALS & TESTING LABORATORY LABORATORY EXERCISE NO. 5 TESTING OF AGGREGATES

LAB. EXERCISE NO. : 5 E TITLE: SIEVE ANALYSIS OF AGGREGATES OBJECTIVE: To determine the particle-size distribution of fine and coarse aggregates. APPARATUS: Balance Standard sieves Containers/trays Oven Sieve Shaker Scoop PROCEDURE: The sieve analysis is made on the materials coarser than 200 sieves after performance of wash test. However, if the aggregate appears sufficiently clean, the sieve analysis may be done on the original material without a wash test, as in the case of coarse aggregate from pressing plants or if obtained under water in rivers. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Dry the sample of proper weight to constant weight at a temperature of about 1050C. Cool to room temperature and weigh. Determine the weight of individual sieve. Pass sample through the nested set of sieves. Weigh material retained on each sieve. Calculate cumulative percentage passing each sieve on the basis of oven-dry weight of original sample.

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Engr. E. G. Ronquillo MTM.3.07

MATERIALS TESTING LABORATORY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE HOLY ANGEL UNIVERSITY
LAB. EXERCISE NO. :________________ TITLE: ____________________________ DATE PERFORMED: ________________ DATE SUBMITTED: _________________
DATA SHEET: SIEVE ANALYSIS FOR FINE AGGREGATES Sieve Size #4 #8 #16 #30 #50 #100 PAN SIEVE ANALYSIS FOR COARSE AGGREGATES Sieve Size 3" 1-1/2" 3/4" 3/8" #4 PAN Cum. Wt, Passing = Total Wt. Wt. Ret. %Passing = Cum. Wt. Passing/Total Wt. X 100% 34
Engr. E. G. Ronquillo MTM.3.07

NAME:_____________________ CLASS CODE:_______________ GROUP NO.: ________________ RATING: ___________________

Wt. of Sieve, gm.

Wt. of Sieve + Mat. Ret.

Wt. of Mat. Ret,

Cum. Wt. Passing

Percent Passing

SPECS. %Passing 95 - 100

45 - 80

10 - 30 2 - 10

Wt. of Sieve, gm.

Wt. of Sieve + Mat. Ret.

Wt. of Mat. Ret,

Cum. Wt. Passing

Percent Passing

SPECS. %Passing 100 95 - 100 45 - 80 10 - 30 0 - 10