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HUMAN SEXUALITY Human - Expression of sexual sensation and related intimacy between human beings, as well as the expression

of identity through sex. - It is a part of the social life of human, governed by implied rules of behavior status. Sexuality - It is a multidimensional phenomenon that includes feelings, attitudes and actions. - It encompasses and gives direction to a persons physical, emotional, social and intellectual response throughout life It can be influenced by hormonal changes in the development of the fetus during pregnancy. Sexual identity can be molded by the social environment to which one is expected. HUMAN SEXUAL RESPONSE Phase 1 : EXCITEMENT can last from a few minutes to several hours, including the following: Male Sexual Response Muscle tension increases Heart rate quickens and breathing is accelerated Skin may become flushed Blood flow to the genitals increases resulting erection of the man s penis Nipples become hardened or erect. The mans testicles swell, his scrotum tightens and he begins secreting a lubricating liquid. Female Sexual Response Muscle tension increases Heart rate quickens and breathing is accelerated Skin may become flushed. Clitoral enlargement and vaginal lubrication in response to vasocongestion Vaginal space expands in the inner portion 1/3 portion; and the uterus may become elevated. Vaginal orifice opens as the labia majora and labia minora either separated or move away slightly.

Nipples become hardened or erect

Breast enlargement Vaginal lubrication begins Sex flush Phase 2: PLATEAU this phase extends to the brink of orgasm, include the following Male Sexual Response Thickening the circumference of the penis at the coronal ridge and an increase size of the testes by about 50% The mans testicles are withdrawn up into the scrotum A few drops appear at the urethral meatus. This fluid is from the cowper s gland and contributes for lubrication. It may contain some active spermatozoa. Nipple erection

Breathing, heart rate and blood pressure continue to increase. Muscle spasms may begin in the feet, face and hands. Tension in the muscle increases Sex flush characterized by maculopapular rash in the epigastric area Increases voluntary and involuntary muscle contraction, ventilation, heart rate and blood pressure. Female Sexual Response Retraction of the clitoris under the clitoral hood

Labia minora increase and the vagina expand in width and depth. The vagina continues to swell from increased blood flow, and the vaginal walls color turns into dark purple. The womans clitoris become slightly sensitive and retracts under the clitoral hood to avoid direct stimulation from the penis. Full elevation of the uterus with concurrent rising of the cervix occurs. Breathing, heart rate and blood pressure continue to increase. Muscles spasms may begin in the feet, face and hands Tension in the muscle increases Phase 3: ORGASM the climax of the sexual response cycle. It is the shortest of the phases and generally lasts only a few seconds. General characteristics of this phase include the following: Male Sexual Response Involuntary muscle contractions begin Blood pressure, heart rate and breathing at their highest rates with a rapid intake of oxygen

Spasms of the carpopedal muscles in the feet

There is as sudden, forceful releases of sexual tension Expulsive contractions of the entire length of the urethra The initial three to four contractions are the strongest, then they subsequently decreases after. Stages of Ejaculation Expulsion if the seminal fluid substrate from the seminal vesicles into the prostatic urethra Expulsion of the seminal fluid from the prostatic urethra to the urethral meatus Female Sexual Response Involuntary muscle contraction begins Blood pressure, heart rate and breathing are their highest rates with a rapid intake of oxygen.

Spasms of the carpopedal muscles in the feet There is a sudden, forceful release of sexual tension Contractions occur very quickly and strong. The muscles of the vagina contract. The uterus also undergoes rhythmic contractions A rash or sex flush may appear over the entire body. Phase 4: RESOLUTION during this phase,. The body slowly returns to its normal level of functioning and swelled and erect body parts return into previous size and color. Male Sexual Response Rapid loss of vasocongestion with an accompanying decrease in the penis size Scrotum becomes less congested Testes descend back into the scrotum decreasing in the pre-excitement size. Disappearance of nipple erection and sex flush Men need recovery time after orgasm, called REFRACTORY PERIOD, during which they cannot reach orgasm again. The duration of the refractory period varies among men and changes with age. Female Sex Response Returns of clitoris to its original size and position Vasoconstriction dissipates with resulting decrease in size of the orgasmic platform and vaginal relaxation

The woman does not have an obligatory refractory period and may experience multiple orgasms in a short period of time.

SEXUALITY Sex used to denote biologic male and female status, but is also used to describe specific sexual behavior such as sexual intercourse. Sexual Health biologic, psychologic, sociocultural and spiritual components Sexuality includes all of those aspects of the human being that relate specifically to being boy or girl, woman or man. It is subject to lifelong dynamic change. As a function of the total personality, it is concerned with the biologic, psychologic, sociologic, spiritual and the cultural variables of life. Biologic Sex includes all of the human being s genetically determined anatomy and physiology, which is also influenced by intrauterine conditions. The result of genetic and other prenatal factors are clearly developed. The primary sex characteristics or variations this is called ambiguous sex. Term used to denote chromosomal sexual development: MALE (XY) or FEMALE (XX) Gender role behavior is the way a person acts as females or male, including the expression of what is perceived as gender-appropriate behavior. Gender or Sexual Identity Is the inner sense of a person which conveys ones sense or maleness or femaleness, it may or may not be the same as biologic gender or gender identity. In sociology, gender identity describes the gender with which a person identifies, but it can also be used to refer to the gender that the other people attribute to the individual on the basis of what they know from gender role indications Gender Role it is set of behavioral norms associated with a given gender status in a given social group or system. Sexual Orientation/Preference Sexual preference or sexual inclination describes the focus of a persons amorous or erotic desires, fantasies and feeling Sexual orientation generally refers to feelings and self-concept; a persons sexual behavior may or may not reflect his/her sexual orientation. The term sexual preference was used in the late 20rth century by gay rights advocates promoting the view that each person should have the right to seek out the partner they prefer, whether of the opposite sex or the same sex. The Sexual Orientation is preferred by gay society because ir emphasis

sexual identity. They are imposing that their sexual preference is their own choice and desire. Concepts of Sexuality Biological Identity is the termed used to denote chromosomal sexual development. Sexual Expression varies greatly among people. Variations of Sexual Expression 1. Transvestism (cross-dressing) an act or syndrome of episodic and partial gender transposition. They are adopting the dress and the behavior of the opposite sex. 2. Sadomasochism it is a paraphilia wherein it combines both sadistic and masochistic sexual behavioral patterns. It is also bondage heterosexual or homosexual activities that involve inflicting pain or experiencing pain during sexual stimulation, can involve being tied up, hitting, whipping, pinching, scratching and other activities. Pedophilia sexual acts with children.

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Forms of Sexual Expression 1. Gender Role Behavior the outward expression of persons sense of maleness and maleness as well as the expression of what is perceived as gender-appropriate behavior. 2. Sexual Stimulation it is any stimulus that leads to sexual arousal or orgasm. The term often implies stimulation of the genitals but may also include stimulation of other areas of the body, stimulation of the senses and mental stimulation. Sexual Intercourse physiologic responses to sexual stimulation are basically the same for all individuals, male and female. However, such responses are highly variables with differences occurring between males and females, among members of the same sex and in the same person at different times. The most common form of sexual activity with a partner is heterosexual genital, also known as coitus or

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copulation. Penile-vaginal intercourse can be both physically and emotionally satisfying. The other form of genital intercourse is anal intercourse, during which the penis is inserted into the anus nd rectum of the partner. Anal intercourse is most commonly practiced by gay men. Gender Role a set of perceived behavioral norms associated particularly with

males or females, in a given social group or system. Sexual Orientation an enduring emotional;, romantic, sexual or affections attraction toward others usually conceived of as classifiable according to the sex or gender of the persons whom the individual finds sexually attractive.

CHARACTERISTICS OF SEXUAL HEALTH Expression of a positive body image Cognitive knowledge about human sexuality Congruence between biologic sex, gender identity and gender-role, behavior Behavior consistent with self-concept Awareness of own sexual feelings and attributes. Capacity for physical and psychosexual responsiveness, which is enhancing to self and others Comfort with a range of sexual behavior and lifestyle. Acceptance of responsibility for pleasure, reproduction and physical safety. Ability to create effective interpersonal relationships with both sexes Value system that is developing and usable. FACTORS INFLUENCING SEXUALITY DEVELOPMENTAL LEVEL begins with conception and changes throughout the lifespan. Every society develops expectations about acceptable forms of sexual expressions. CULTURE all cultural groups have their own practices and values relating to sexuality. Different groups hold diverse attitudes about husband/wife roles, childhood sexuality, nudity and appropriate sexual behavior. RELIGIOUS VALUES religious influences sexual expression. It provides guideline for sexual behavior and acceptable circumstances for the behavior, as well as prohibited sexual behavior and the consequences of breaking the sexual rules. PERSONAL ETHICS ethical thought and ethical approaches to sexuality can be viewed separately. Many individuals and groups have developed written or unwritten codes of conduct based on ethical principles. HEALTH STATUS healthy minds, bodies and emotions are necessary for sexual wellness. Many factors can interfere with a persons expression of sexuality. MENTAL DISORDERS because the mind and thought processes are involved in sexual functioning, any impairment of the mind may affect sexual expression. MEDICATIONS medications that are prescribed by health professionals have side effect that effect sexual functioning.

FACTORS AFFECTING SEXUALITY ETHICAL Ideals Religious beliefs Moral opinions and actions Values BIOLOGICAL Reproduction Fertility control Sexual arousal and response Growth and development CULTURAL Family Neighbors Peers House of worship School Dating Marriage PSYCHOLOGICAL Emotions Experience Self-concept Motivation Expressiveness Learned attitudes Learned behavior

Physiological cycles and changes Physical appearance

Law Custom Information and entertainment media Advertising Community

TYPES OF SEXUAL ORIENTATION Sexual gratification is experienced in a number of ways. Ones culture is determined in an acceptable form of sexual expression. Most individual value systems are aligned top the cultural norm. HETEROSEXUALITY Is one who finds sexual fulfillment with the member of the opposite gender. Because interest in the opposite sex relationship may begin as early as beginning of puberty, health care providers need to provide information on safer sex practices.

HOMOSEXUALITY Is a person who finds sexual fulfillment with a member of his/her own sex. Many homosexual men prefer to use the term gay. Lesbian refers to the homosexual women. Many homosexual gender identity develops is unknown, although evidence show that is genetically increasing. Some people refuse to associate with homosexuals to such an extent that a fear termed homophobia exists. BISEXUALITY People that achieved sexual satisfaction from both homosexual and heterosexual relationships. Gay and bisexual men are the greater risk for HIV than others. Female partner of bisexual men need to be aware of the increases risk of HIV/STDs.

TRANSSEXUALITY Is an individual who feels that he or she should be of the opposite gender. Such people may have sex change operations so they appear cosmetically as the sex they envision themselves to be. ISSUES REGARDING HUMAN SEXUALITY DOMESTIC VIOLENCE occurs when a family member, partner or ex-partner attempts to physically or psychologically dominate another. Domestic violence often refers to violence between spouses or spousal abuse but can also include cohabitants and non-married intimate partners. SEXUAL ABUSE defined as the forcing of undesired sexual acts by one person to another. PREMARITAL SEX it refers to consensual sexual intercourse between two persons not married to each other. It is also defined as fornification. SAME SEX MARRIAGES it refers to marriage of two people of the same gender. In this context, same sex is not synonymous with gay, lesbian or homosexual nor with bisexual, transgendered or transsexual, but same-sex marriage may, depend on the couple and the jurisdiction, refer to marriages between two adults from any of those groups. TEENAGE SEX it refers to the sexual feelings, behavior and development in adolescents and is a stage of human sexuality. Common Issues that Results to Teenage Sex Peer Pressure a feeling that everyone else is having sex. In girls more than boys, a belief that sex will keep their partner

interested in them and will provide the love they crave. Media influence such as television, music and the internet. A negative self-image, believing that participating in sexual activity can increase their popularity. A belief that having sex will make them more adult. Overly strict parents, increasing the chances of promiscuity when the opportunity arises. Dangers in Teenage Sex Unwanted pregnancy Sexual transmitted Disease Promiscuity sexual immorality Preventing Teenage Sex Discuss sex with the child, from an early age, ideally preteen. Talking to teen about sex encourages responsible behavior when it comes to

sexual activity. Many teen feel that their parents are the most influential source of information on sex. Offer guidance, care and supervision. Teenagers are in need of parenting and feel more secure when boundaries are clear. Keep in mind that teen gain lot of information from simply watching how adults behave. SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES are the infections that can be transmitted form one person to another by means of sexual intercourse. The causes of STDs are viruses, bacteria and/or parasites. Types of Sexually transmitted Disease Chlamydia it is caused by bacteria (Chlamydia trachomatis). This can be transmitted by vaginal, oral and/or sexual contact with an infected partner. It can cause serious problems in men and women such as penile discharge and infertility respectively, as well as infections in newborn babies of infected mothers. GONORRHEA caused by bacteria called Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The bacteria can be passed from one person to another through vaginal, oral and anal sex, even when the person who is affected has no symptoms. It can also be passed from a mother to her baby during birth. You cannot catch gonorrhea from a towel, a doorknob or a toilet seat.

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