Kimia Tingkatan 4

PELANGI

1
Guided Experiment

Introduction to Chemistry

Inquiry Experiment 3.2

Chemical Equations

1.1 Scientific Method

Apparatus : 100 cm3 beaker, 50 cm3 measuring cylinder, thermometer, electronic balance, spatula, glass rod, wire gauze, tripod stand, Bunsen burner. Materials : Table salt, distilled water.

Apparatus : Test tubes, test tube holder, Bunsen burner, rubber bung with delivery tube, stoppers, glass tube, test tube rack. Materials : Solid copper(II) carbonate, lime water, concentrated hydrochloric acid, concentrated ammonia solution, 0.2moldm3 lead(II) nitrate solution, 0.2moldm3 potassium iodide solution.

4 2
The Structure of the Atom
PEKA 1

Periodic Table of Elements

Chemical Properties of Group 1 Elements

Inquiry Experiment 2.1

Diffusion

Apparatus : Gas jars and cover, dropper, test tubes, test tube rack, stopper, retort stand with clamp. Materials : Liquid bromine, 1 mol dm3 potassium manganate(VII) solution, potassium manganate(VII) crystal, hot liquid jelly, water, tissue paper. Inquiry Experiment 2.2 The Melting and Freezing Points of Naphthalene

Apparatus : Gas jar, forceps, knife, water trough, gas jar, spoon. Materials : Small pieces of solid lithium, sodium and potassium, red litmus paper, gas jar filled with oxygen gas, filter paper, distilled water. PEKA 2 Chemical Properties of Group 17 Elements

Apparatus : Boiling tube, 250 cm3 beaker, stirring thermometer, tripod stand, retord stand and clamp, Bunsen burner, stopwatch, conical flask, wire gauze. Materials : Naphthalene, tap water.

Apparatus : Test tubes, conical flask, dropper, test tube holders, stopper, combustion tube, delivery tube, Bunsen burner, retort stand with clamp. Materials : Liquid bromine, solid iodine, blue litmus paper, distilled water, iron wool, soda lime, 2moldm3 sodium hydroxide, solution, potassium manganate(VII) crystals, concentrated hydrochloric acid. Guided Experiment 4.1 Properties of Oxides of Elements in Period 3

Chemical Formulae and Equations

Inquiry Experiment 3.1

Empirical Formula

Apparatus : Crucible with lid, tongs, Bunsen burner, tripod stand, pipe-clay triangle, electronic balance Materials : Magnesium ribbon, sandpaper.

Apparatus : Test tubes, Bunsen burner, test tube holder, test tube rack, 100 cm3 measuring cylinder. Materials : Sodium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminium oxide, silicon(IV) oxide, phosphorus(V) oxide, sulphur dioxide in a stoppered test tube, dichlorine heptoxide, Universal Indicator, 2 mol dm3 nitric acid, 2 mol dm3 sodium hydroxide solution, distilled water.
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MA 1

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Kimia Tingkatan 4

Inquiry Experiment 4.2

Colours of Transition Element Compounds

Inquiry Experiment 6.2

Electrolysis of Molten Lead(II) Bromide

Apparatus : Beakers, glass rod, test tubes. Materials : Copper(II) sulphate crystals, iron(II) sulphate crystals, iron(III) chloride crystals, ammonia solution, sodium hydroxide solution, distilled water.

Apparatus : Battery, switch, carbon electrodes, connecting wire with crocodile clips, ammeter, crucible, tripod stand, pipeclay triangle, Bunsen burner, 250 cm3 beaker. Materials : Solid lead(II) bromide. Inquiry Experiment 6.3 Electrolysis of Copper(II) Sulphate Solution and Dilute Sulphuric Acid Using Carbon Electrodes

Chemical Bonds

Inquiry Experiment 5.1

Preparation of Ionic Compounds

Apparatus : Crucible, tripod stand, pipe-clay triangle, deflagerating spoon, gas jar, gas jar cover, spatula, Bunsen burner, combustion tube, stopper with delivery tube. Materials : Magnesium ribbon, sodium granule, gas jar filled with chlorine gas, iron filings, filter paper, asbestos paper, sandpaper, soda lime. Inquiry Experiment 5.2 Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Apparatus : Battery, carbon electrodes, electrolytic cell, connecting wires with crocodile clips, ammeter, test tubes, switch. Materials : 0.1 mol dm3 copper(II) sulphate solution, 0.1 mol dm3 sulphuric acid, wooden splinter. Guided Experiment 6.4 Factors That Determine the Selective Discharge of Ions at Electrodes During the Electrolysis of an Aqueous Solution

Apparatus : Watch glasses, dropper, test tubes, crucible, battery, bulb, switch, Bunsen burner, tripod stand, carbon electrodes, pipe-clay triangle, connecting wires with crocodile clips. Materials : Magnesium chloride crystals, sodium sulphate crystals, diethyl ether, hexane, distilled water, cyclohexane, solid lead(II) bromide, naphthalene.

Apparatus : Battery, carbon electrodes, copper electrodes, electrolytic cell, connecting wires with crocodile clips, ammeter, test tubes, switch, electronic balance. Materials : 0.1moldm3 copper(II) nitrate solution, 0.1moldm3 sodium sulphate solution, 0.001moldm3 hydrochloric acid, 2moldm3 hydrochloric acid, 0.1mol dm3 copper(II) sulphate solution, wooden splinter, litmus paper, sandpaper. Guided Experiment 6.5 Purification of Metals

Electrochemistry

Apparatus : Battery, 250 cm3 beaker, connecting wires with crocodile clips, ammeter, switch. Materials : 1 mol dm3 copper(II) sulphate solution, impure copper plate, pure copper plate. Guided Experiment 6.6 Electroplating of Metals

Inquiry Experiment 6.1

Electrolytes and Non- electrolytes

Apparatus : Battery, bulb, switch, connecting wires with crocodile clips, carbon electrodes with holders, crucible, 100 cm3 beaker, Bunsen burner, tripod stand, pipe-clay triangle. Materials : Solid lead(II) bromide, naphthalene, acetamide, sodium hydroxide solution, glucose solution, copper(II) sulphate solution.

Apparatus : Battery, 250 cm3 beaker, connecting wires with crocodile clips, ammeter, switch, rheostat. Materials : 1 mol dm3 copper(II) sulphate solution, copper strip, iron spoon, sandpaper.

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MA 2

 Kimia Tingkatan 4

PELANGI

Guided Experiment

6.7

The Simple Voltaic Cell

PEKA

The pH Values and Molarity of Acids and Alkalis

Apparatus : 250 cm3 beaker, connecting wires with crocodile clips, voltmeter. Materials : Magnesium ribbon, copper plate, 1moldm3 sodium chloride solution, sandpaper. Guided Experiment 6.8 The Construction of Electrochemical Series Based on Potential Differences Between Metals

Apparatus : pH meter, 250 cm3 beakers. Materials : Hydrochloric acid with concentrations of 0.1mol dm3, 0.01 mol dm3, 0.001 mol dm3, 0.0001moldm3 and 0.00001moldm3; sodium hydroxide solution with concentrations of 0.1mol dm3, 0.01moldm3, 0.001moldm3, 0.0001moldm3 and 0.00001moldm3. Inquiry Experiment 7.2 Acid-base Titration

Apparatus : Voltmeter, 250 cm3 beaker, connecting wires with crocodile clips. Materials : 1 mol dm3 copper(II) sulphate solution, copper strip, lead strip, iron nail, zinc strip, magnesium ribbon, aluminium strip, sandpaper. Guided Experiment 6.9 The Construction of Electrochemical Series Based on the Principle of Displacement of Metals

Apparatus : 25.0 cm3 pipette, burette, 250 cm3 conical flask, retort stand and clamp, white tile. Materials : 0.1 mol dm3 sulphuric acid, potassium hydroxide solution, phenolphthalein.

Apparatus : Test tubes, test tube rack. Materials : 1 mol dm3 copper(II) nitrate solution, 1moldm3 lead(II) nitrate solution, 1moldm3 iron(II) nitrate solution, 1moldm3 zinc nitrate solution, 1moldm3 magnesium nitrate solution, copper strip, lead strip, iron nail, zinc strip, magnesium ribbon, sandpaper.

Salts

Inquiry Experiment 8.1

Preparation of a Soluble Salt from the Reaction of an Acid with an Alkali

7
PEKA 3

Acids and Bases

The Role of Water in Showing the Properties of Acids

3

Apparatus : 25.0 cm3 pipette, burette, 250 cm3 conical flask, filter funnel, evaporating dish, Bunsen burner, tripod stand, retort stand and clamp, beaker, glass rod, white tile, wire gauze. Materials : 2 mol dm3 hydrochloric acid, 2 mol dm3 potassium hydroxide solution, phenolphthalein, filter paper, distilled water. Inquiry Experiment 8.2 Preparation of a Soluble Salt from the Reaction of an Acid with a Metal Oxide

Apparatus : Watch glass, dropper, 100 cm beaker, glass rod. Materials : Blue litmus paper, glacial ethanoic acid, 2 mol dm3 ethanoic acid, solution of ethanoic acid in dry propanone. Guided Experiment 7.1 The Role of Water in Showing the Properties of Alkalis

Apparatus : Spatula, glass rod, 100 cm3 beaker, filter funnel. Materials : Red litmus paper, dry barium hydroxide powder, distilled water, filter paper.

Apparatus : 100 cm3 beaker, glass rod, spatula, tripod stand, wire gauze, Bunsen burner, filter funnel, retort stand and clamp, evaporating dish, measuring cylinder. Materials : 2 mol dm3 nitric acid, copper(II) oxide powder, filter paper.

MA 3

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Kimia Tingkatan 4

Inquiry Experiment 8.3

Preparation of Insoluble Salts

Inquiry Experiment 8.6

Apparatus : Beaker, measuring cylinder, glass rod, filter funnel, retort stand and clamp. Materials : 0.5 mol dm3 lead(II) nitrate solution, 1.0mol dm3 potassium iodide solution, 0.5mol dm3 potassium chromate(VI) solution, 0.5 mol dm3 barium nitrate solution, 0.5 mol dm3 sodium sulphate solution, filter paper. PEKA 5 Construction of Ionic Equations Using the Continuous Variation Method

Tests for Cations in Aqueous Solutions

Apparatus : Test tubes of same size, test tube rack, burette, retort stand and clamp, ruler, glass rod, dropper. Materials : 0.5 mol dm3 lead(II) nitrate solution, 0.5moldm3 potassium chromate(VI) solution. Inquiry Experiment 8.4 Action of Heat on Carbonate and Nitrate Salts

Apparatus : Test tubes, test tube rack, dropper. Materials : 1moldm3 sodium nitrate solution, 1moldm3 ammonium chloride solution, 1moldm3 calcium nitrate solution, 1moldm3 magnesium nitrate solution, 1moldm3 aluminium nitrate solution, 1moldm3 zinc nitrate solution, 1moldm3 iron(II) sulphate solution, 1moldm3 iron(III) chloride solution, 1moldm3 lead(II) nitrate solution, 1moldm3 copper(II) sulphate solution, 2moldm3 sodium hydroxide solution, 2mol dm3 ammonia solution. Inquiry Experiment 8.7 Confirmatory Tests for Ammonium Ion, Iron(II) Ion, Iron(III) Ion and Lead(II) Ion

Apparatus : Test tubes, test tube holder, delivery tube with a stopper, Bunsen burner, spatula. Materials : Copper(II) carbonate, calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, zinc carbonate, lead(II) carbonate, magnesium carbonate, copper(II) nitrate, calcium nitrate, sodium nitrate, zinc nitrate, lead(II) nitrate, magnesium nitrate, lime water, blue and red litmus paper, wooden splinter. Inquiry Experiment 8.5 Confirmatory Tests for Anions in Aqueous Solutions

Apparatus : Test tubes, test tube holder, dropper, Bunsen burner, wash bottle. Materials : 2 mol dm3 sodium hydroxide solution, Nesslers reagent, 50 g dm3 potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) solution, 50 g dm3 potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) solution, 50 gdm3 potassium thiocyanate solution, 0.5 mol dm3 potassium iodide solution, 1mol dm3 ammonium chloride solution, 1 mol dm3 iron(II) sulphate solution, 1mol dm3 iron(III) chloride solution, 1mol dm3 lead(II) nitrate solution, distilled water. Inquiry Experiment 8.8 Identification of Cations and Anions of Unknown Salts

Apparatus : Test tubes, test tube holder, dropper. Materials : 1 mol dm3 sodium carbonate solution, 1mol dm3 sodium sulphate solution, 1mol dm3 sodium chloride solution, 1moldm3 sodium nitrate solution, 2moldm3 hydrochloric acid, 2 mol dm3 nitric acid, 1 mol dm3 sulphuric acid, concentrated sulphuric acid, lime water, 1 mol dm3 iron(II) sulphate solution, 0.1moldm3 silver nitrate solution, 1moldm3 barium chloride solution.

Apparatus : Test tubes, test tube rack, test tube holder, 50 cm3 beaker, filter funnel, spatula, dropper, delivery tube, Bunsen burner, wash bottle. Materials : 2 mol dm3 nitric acid, 2 mol dm3 hydrochloric acid, 1 mol dm3 sulphuric acid, 2 moldm3 sodium hydroxide solution, 2 mol dm3 ammonia solution, lime water, 0.5 mol dm3 barium chloride solution, 0.1mol dm3 silver nitrate solution, 0.5moldm3 iron(II) sulphate solution, 0.5mol dm3 potassium iodide solution, solid K1, wooden splinter, litmus paper, filter paper, distilled water, concentrated sulphuric acid.

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

MA 4

 Kimia Tingkatan 4

PELANGI

PEKA

Hardness of Pure Metal and Its Alloy

Manufactured Substances in Industry

Inquiry Experiment 9.1

Preparation of Ammonium Fertiliser

Apparatus : Retort stand and clamp, 1-kg weight, metre rule, steel ball bearing. Materials : Copper block, bronze block, cellophane tape, thread. Guided Experiment 9.2 Rate of corrosion of iron, steel and stainless steel

Apparatus : 25.0 cm3 pipette, pipette filler, 250 cm3 conical flask, burette, retort stand and clamp, white tile, 250 cm3 beaker, glass rod, filter funnel, Bunsen burner, evaporating dish, tripod stand, wire gauze. Materials : 1.0 mol dm3 sulphuric acid, 2.0 mol dm3 ammonia solution, methyl orange, filter paper, distilled water.

Apparatus : Test tubes, test tube rack. Materials : Iron nail, steel nail, stainless steel nail, jelly powder, sandpaper, 0.2 mol dm3 potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) solution, boiling water.

MA 5

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