International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) Volume 4 Issue 6 - June 2013

ISSN: 2231-5381 http://www.ijettjournal.org Page 2589

Riciain Channel Capacity Comparison Between
(8X8) And (4x4) MIMO
Vivek Mankotia, Ankush Kansal
ME student THAPAR UNIVERSITY PATIALA INDIA , Assistant Professor, ECED THAPAR UNIVERSITY PATIALA INDIA


ABSTRACT The growth demand of Multimedia application
services and growth of contents of wireless application lead to
increasing interest to high speed communication. Multiple
input and multi output system are today considered as one of
most important research area of wireless communication. The
need of wireless multimedia application require need of higher
data rate. In this paper comparison of Rician channel capacity
has been used as measure for the efficiency of MIMO (8X8) and
(4x4) system. We have calculated the Rician channel capacity
with CSI or without CSI at transmitter with simulating
MATLAB.
Keywords MIMO (Multi input Multi output), CSI(channel state
Information),MISO, SIM0
1. INTRODUCTION
MIMO system use array of multiple antennas
at both transmitter and receiver end. In the case of
MIMO system capacity increase and BER reduces.
Channel capacity is defined as the maximum rate
at which data can be transmitted with small error
probability. The capacity of MIMO channels is
calculate for the Rayleigh scenario. But in
practice, MIMO channels do not always follow
the Rayleigh fading condition. Actually, there is a
line-of-sight (LOS) path between the transmitter
and the receiver, and in such conditions, the
channel is represented by the Rician fading
model. Mathematically, the random channel
matrix in a MIMO Rician fading channel is a
complex Gaussian matrix with a nonzero mean
matrix, The Rayleigh fading model is a special
case of the Rician fading model by setting the
mean to zero.
11. SYSTEM MODEL
We have [1] consider a MIMO system with
transmit array of N
t
antenna and receive array of
N

antenna as shown in figure 1 . The transmitted

matrix is N
t
1 column matrix X where X

is ith
component which is transmitted from ith antenna.
If channel is unknown at the transmitter side we
assume [2] that equal power E
X
N
t .
is given to
each transmitter antenna.

X
1

1


X
2

2


X
N

N


CHANNEL

FIGURE 1 MIMO SYSTEM
Where E
X
is the power across transmitter
irrespective number of antennas where I
N
t
is
aN
t
N
t
identity matrix. The transmitted signal
T
R
A
N
S
M
I
T
T
E
R
R
E
C
E
I
V
E
R
International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) Volume 4 Issue 6 - June 2013

ISSN: 2231-5381 http://www.ijettjournal.org Page 2590

bandwidth is so small that channel is assumed to
flat.
The channel matrix H is a N
t
N

complex
matrix. The component
,]
of the matrix is the
fading coefficient from jth transmit antenna to ith
receive. If we suppose that channel matrix is
known at only receiver side not at transmitter side.
The channel matrix at receiver can be estimated by
training sequence. Noise at the receiver is another
column of size N

1 , denoted by n. For a
deterministic channel as
|

,
]
|
2
N
t
]=1
=N
t
, i =1 , 2 ,3 N
t
(1)
111. MIMO CHANNEL CAPACTY
For two random vector x and y the mutual
information is defined as
I(x,y) =H(y) H(y|x) (2)
Where H(y|x) the conditional entropy.
H( x/y) =-E[log
2
(p(x|y))] (3)
For a linear complex model
=Ex +n (4)
The mutual information is given as
I(y,x|H) =log
2
det [I +
1
c
n
2
EPE
H
(5)
The Shanon capacity is the maximum mutual
information between received vector and transmitted
vector
C(H)=Bdet[I +
1
c
n
2
EPE
H
(6)
When full transmitter CSI and receiver CSI are
available, the capacity of the MIMO system is
maximum.
SCATTERING
LOS (line of sight)
REFLECTION
DIFFRACTION


LOS
Transmitter receiver


Fig. 2 WAVE PROPAGATION


1V. RICIAN CHANNEL
There is line-of-sight (LOS) path between the
transmitter and the receiver, and in such
conditions, the channel is represented by the
Rician fading model. We can express H in matrix
notation as[9]
H =cE
sp
+JE
sc
(7)
Where the specular [3] and scattered components
of H are denoted by superscripts, c>0, d >0 and
c
2
+J
2
=1.
E
sp
is a matrix of unit entries. If there is no
correlation at the transmitter or at the receiver side
then the entries of E
sc
are independent usually
denoted by E
w
.
International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) Volume 4 Issue 6 - June 2013

ISSN: 2231-5381 http://www.ijettjournal.org Page 2591

If there is correlated fading then the
E
sc
matrix can be modeled as [5],[6]
E
sc
=R

1
2
,
E
w
R
t
1
2
,
(8)
Where R
t
and R
r
are the correlation matrix at
the transmitter and at the receiver side .
The correlation matrix R is defined[4]
r
u b
=
r
u-b
o b
r

b
o >b

(9)
H(correlated)[7][8]
=_
K
K+1
H1+_
1
K+1
R

1
2
,
E
w
R
t
1
2
,

(10)
v. RESULTS

Fig. 3 Rician chaneel capacity (4X4) when transmitter know theCSI



Fig. 4 Rician chaneel capacity (8X8) when transmitter know the CSI.
TABLE 1
FOR MIMO(4X4) ( SNR IN db)
K SNR=15
CAPACITY
SNR=25
CAPACITY
SNR=30
CAPACITY
0 24 bps/Hz 37 bps/Hz 44 bps/H
5 19 30 37
10 17 28 35

TABLE 11
FOR MIMO(8X8) ( SNR IN db)
K SNR=15
CAPACITY
SNR=25
CAPACITY
SNR=30
CAPACITY
0 53 bps/Hz 80 bps/Hz 92 bps/H
5 40 65 78
10 36 60 72
In the case of mimo (8x8) capacity is more than as
compare to (4X4) MIMO system. When k=0 it acts as
rayleigh chaneel. When value of k is very very large it acts
as gaussian chaneel. As value of k increases the capacity
decreases.

0 5 10 15 20 25 30
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
SNR in dB
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
(
b
i
t
s
/
s
/
H
z
)
UNCORRELATES CHANNEL


Nt=Nr=4;k=0;
Nt=Nr=4;k=5;
Nt=Nr=4; k=10;
Nt=Nr=4;k=VERY LARGE;
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
SNR in dB
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
(
b
i
t
s
/
s
/
H
z
)
UNCORRELATED CHANNEL


Nt=Nr=8;k=0
Nt=Nr=8;k=5;
Nt=Nr=8; k=10
Nt=Nr=8;k=very large;
International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) Volume 4 Issue 6 - June 2013

ISSN: 2231-5381 http://www.ijettjournal.org Page 2592


Fig. 5 Uncorrelated(4x4) rician chaneel capacity when transmitter has no
idea of CSI
In this case equal power is given to each
transmitter


Fig. 6 Uncorrelated(8x8) rician chaneel capacity when transmitter has no
idea of CSI
TABLE 111
FOR MIMO(4X4) ( SNR IN db)
K SNR=15
CAPACITY
SNR=25
CAPACITY
SNR=30
CAPACITY
0 17 bps/Hz 28 bps/Hz 35 bps/H
5 12 23 29
10 11 21 27

When transmitter has no idea of csi
TABLE IV
FOR MIMO(8X8) ( SNR IN db)
K SNR=15
CAPACITY
SNR=25
CAPACITY
SNR=30
CAPACITY
0 32 bps/Hz 57 bps/Hz 70 bps/H
5 22 42 54
10 19 28 49
In the case of mimo (8x8) capacity is more than as
compare to (4X4) MIMO system. When k=0 it acts as
rayleigh chaneel. When value of k is very very large it acts
as gaussian chaneel. When transmitter has no idea of CSI
equal power is given to each transmitter. As value of k
increases the capacity decreases.



Fig. 7 Correlated Rician chaneel capacity(4x4) when transmitter know the CSI

0 5 10 15 20 25 30
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
SNR in dB
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
(
b
i
t
s
/
s
/
H
z
)


Nt=Nr=4;k=0;
Nt=Nr=4;k=5;
Nt=Nr=4; k=10;
Nt=Nr=4;k=VERY LARGE;
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
SNR in dB
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
(
b
i
t
s
/
s
/
H
z
)
UNCORRELATED CHANNEL


Nt=Nr=8;k=0
Nt=Nr=8;k=5;
Nt=Nr=8; k=10
Nt=Nr=8;k=very large;
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
SNR in db
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
(
b
i
t
s
/
s
/
H
z
)


Nt=Nr=4;rt=0.3 rr=0.5;k=0
Nt=Nr=4;rt=0.3 rr=0.5;k=5
Nt=Nr=4;rt=0.3 rr=0.5 k=10
Nt=Nr=4;rt=0.3 rr=0.5;k=1000
International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) Volume 4 Issue 6 - June 2013

ISSN: 2231-5381 http://www.ijettjournal.org Page 2593


Fig. 8 Correlated Rician chaneel capacity(4x4) when transmitter know the CSI
TABLE V
FOR MIMO(4X4) ( SNR IN db) rt=0.3 rr=o.5
K SNR=15
CAPACITY
SNR=25
CAPACITY
SNR=30
CAPACITY
0 19bps/Hz 29 bps/Hz 35 bps/H
5 13 21 26
10 12 19 24
TABLE VI
FOR MIMO(8X8) ( SNR IN db) rt=0.3 rr=o.5
K SNR=15
CAPACITY
SNR=25
CAPACITY
SNR=30
CAPACITY
0 38bps/Hz 59 bps/Hz 70 bps/H
5 24 42 54
10 20 38 48
. Correlation decrease the MIMO capacity.


Fig. 9 Effect of correlation parameter on Rician chaneel chaneel capacity

VI CONCLUSION
The effect of CSI is negligible at high SNR . For
low and values of SNR, CSI improves capacity for
Rician fading. For all values of SNR, as the value
of K increases, the Ergodic capacity decreases.
Rician channel capacity in case of (8X8) system is
more than (4x4)MIMO system.
V111 REFERENCES

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0 5 10 15 20 25 30
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
SNR in db
c
a
p
a
c
it
y
(
b
it
s
/
s
/
H
z
)


Nt=Nr=8;rt=0.3 rr=0.5;k=0
Nt=Nr=8;rt=0.3 rr=0.5;k=5
Nt=Nr=8;rt=0.3 rr=0.5 k=10
Nt=Nr=8;rt=0.3 rr=.5;k=1000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
SNR indb
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
(
b
i
t
s
/
s
/
H
z
)


Nt=Nr=8;rt=0.3 rr=0.3;k=0
Nt=Nr=8;rt=0.7 rr=0.7;k=0
Nt=Nr=8;rt=0.3 rr=0.3 k=5
Nt=Nr=8;rt=0.7 rr=0.7;k=5