High Performance Water-Based Systems

HYDRO-GUARD system CLAY SYNC shale stabilizer CLAYSEAL PLUS shale stabilizer CLAY GRABBER flocculant BOREMAX system BORE-VIS viscosifier BORE-PLUS suspension agent BORE-HIB shale stabilizer CLAY GRABBER flocculant

S olu ti ons t o R ea cti v e C la y s & S hal e

HIGH PERFORMANCE WATER-BASED SYSTEMS EMULATE INVERT PERFORMANCE Minimum requirements for a high performance water-based mud: Low colloidal content Highly inhibitive Non-dispersed Shear thinning rheology

HYDRO-GUARD High Performance Inhibitive Water-Based System Replacement for Invert in Environmentally Sensitive Areas
Water-based fluid A clay-free system Designed for maximum shale inhibition in highly reactive formations Helps eliminate or reduce many problems caused by gumbo-like clay Stable up to 163oC, with good return permeability data (>86%) Developed in response to the need for a WBF that would approach the operational performance of invert emulsion fluids For use in environmentally sensitive areas Helps minimize low gravity solids content Colloidal solids are commercially flocculated and removed (SCE>85%) The unique polymer combination provides a well lubricated gauge wellbore

The HYDRO-GUARD system is created by combining the following polymeric encapsulators. Each component targets unique clay types producing a near gauge wellbore.

CLAY SYNC Shale Stabilizer Non-ionic polyacrylate Helps strengthen shales Helps lubricate the wellbore Helps with inhibition and rheology control Can be used in all monovalent brines Does not blind shakers Easily mixed and dispersable Helps promote improved cuttings integrity Stable to 149oC

CLAYSEAL PLUS Shale Stabilizer Helps reduce dispersion and dehydration of reactive clay and shale Completely water soluble Effective in fresh water, salt water, lime, and low solids systems Compatible with most water based systems Helps improve drill solids removal Helps reduce the potential for bit balling Dual charge amine for mixed layered clays Thermally stable at temperatures greater than 149oC
MICROTOX EC20 Threshold 109 L/m3 Confirmation 32% @ 266 L/m3 EC50 293 L/m3 >91%

CLAY GRABBER Flocculant Helps stabilize shale Helps stop shale dispersion Helps flocculate and remove fine solids Can be used in fresh water and monovalent brines Helps enhance solids control equipment efficiencies Aids flocculation, reducing MBT and colloidal content Easily mixed and yields rapidly Helps improve cuttings integrity Stable to 149oC

MICROTOX EC20 Threshold 1.8 kg/m3 Confirmation 28% @ 5.0 kg/m3

EC50 5.5 kg/m3 >91%

MICROTOX EC20 Threshold .48 L/m3 Confirmation 15% @ 23 L/m3

EC50 25 L/m3 >91%

BOREMAX High Performance Inhibitive Water-Based System Replacement for Salt-Based Systems in Environmentally Sensitive Areas
Highly inhibitive Low colloidal content Non-dispersed Developed for use on land as an alternative to salt-based systems and some inverts Excellent penetration rates Imparts fast, stable inhibition to highly reactive formations Helps control bit balling Economically competitive with salt-based systems Provides near-gauge well bore Effective logging operations Performs well under extreme conditions including high differential pressures, acid gas, wet cement, high temperatures (up to 177oC) and densities (2097 kg/m3) Excellent wall cake quality Can enable operators to minimize costs associated with handling more environmentally sensitive invert emulsion and salt-based systems Helps maximize the positive effects of maintaining ultra-low colloidal content (<2.0 microns) Economical cementing operations Reduced waste stream Reduces dilution

Formulated with the following unique combination of proprietary additives:

BORE-VIS Viscosifier High yield viscosifier with extender Helps increase flow properties Helps optimize bentonite yield in low and high density fluids Can reduce colloidal additives Rapidly viscosifies for high viscosity hole cleaning sweeps Produces shear thinning rheology Pre-mixed for consistent performance for bentonite control Promotes faster drilling rates and more effective hole cleaning BORE-HIB Shale Stabilizer Blend of inorganic salt, glycol and glycerol Effective reactive clay encapsulator Creates water barrier on shale surface Can be added intermittently Easily added to the system at 1-2% concentration Can encapsulate highly reactive shales Maintains very stable wellbore Helps lower coefficient of friction

MICROTOX Threshold Confirmation @ 5.0 kg/m3

EC20 50 kg/m3 91%

EC50 50 kg/m3 >91%

MICROTOX Threshold Confirmation @ 15 L/m3

EC20 9.7 L/m3 >91%

EC50 16 L/m3 >91%

BORE-PLUS Suspension Agent Fluid loss control Secondary shale inhibitor An acrylate copolymer additive Engineered blend of anionic polymers Helps reduce fluid loss in fresh, brackish, or salt water Helps stabilize mud systems at temperatures approaching 265oC Not susceptible to bacterial degradation Tolerates calcium contamination up to 600 ppm Helps stabilize fluid rheology

CLAY GRABBER Flocculant Non-ionic liquid polymer Helps stabilize shale Helps stop shale dispersion Helps flocculate and remove fine solids Enhanced solids control equipment required Can be used in fresh water and monovalent brines Aids flocculation, reducing MBT and colloidal content Easily mixed and yields rapidly Helps improve cuttings integrity Stable to 149oC
MICROTOX Threshold Confirmation @ 23 L/m
3

MICROTOX Threshold Confirmation @ 5.0 kg/m3

EC20 0.031 kg/m3 15%

EC50 1.7 kg/m3 >91%

EC20 .48 L/m3 15 %

EC50 25 L/m3 >91%

Specialty Testing & Procedures With the development of high performance water-base fluids (HPWBM) comes the need for additional testing. Along with the ongoing monitoring of standard properties, colloidal content and active inhibitor product concentrations can be monitored while the well is being drilled. In the pre-planning phase, studies can be conducted on the clay and shale to be drilled, using industry recognized tools that give reliable performance measurements. This data is collected via several instruments. One example is the Hand Crank Centrifuge (not pictured). Other examples are shown below.

Malvern Mastersizer 2000: Accurately determines particle size of test specimens from 0.02 2000 micrometers.

PA Test Kit: Attached to the standard HPHT cell, this device allows for accurate determination of CLAY SYNC shale stabilizer and CLAY GRABBER flocculant concentrations in the active drilling fluid.

Linear Swell Kit: The linear swell meter (LSM) system is used to determine shale hydration or dehydration by measuring the increase or decrease in length over time of reconstituted or intact shale cores.

Capillary Suction Timer: Measures shale hydration and dispersion properties by simulating the shear and chemical forces of drilling. Shale-solids content and mixing time are fixed, with chemical characteristics such as pH and salinity providing the variables.

For more information contact: BaroidTechCanada@Halliburton.com (403) 231-1893

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