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TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD
Foreword3
In 2012, the world steel industry produced 1.5 billion tonnes of steel
its two key components are iron (one of Earths most abundant elements)
and recycled steel. Once steel is produced, it becomes a permanent
resource, because it is 100% recyclable and has an infinite life cycle
such recyclability without loss of properties makes steel unique and
valuable. The steel industry believes that sustainable development
must meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own needs. It is for this reason that life
cycle assessment (LCA) is of vital importance, as our section on page 5
illustrates.
In 2012 world average steel use per capita (page 17) was 216.9
kilogrammes, which is a slight increase on 2011 and represents the
steadily increasing global usage of steel over time. It touches every
aspect of our lives, and no wonder no other material has the same
unique combination of strength, formability and versatility, nor is as
central to so many aspects of our daily lives, such as transport, housing,
energy, agriculture, water supply and infrastructure.
The world steel industry is a key driver of the worlds economy and this
publication, World Steel in Figures 2013, provides the latest update on
the global picture worldsteels Steel Statistical Yearbook provides a
ten-year range of the figures in this publication, and will be published
later in 2013.
I hope you find the information in these pages valuable. If you would like
additional copies of this publication, do not hesitate to download them,
free of charge, from the Online Bookshop on our website, worldsteel.org.
Dr Edwin Basson
Director General
million tonnes
Years
World
Years
World
1970
595
2002
904
1975
644
2003
970
1980
717
2004
1,061
1985
719
2005
1,147
1990
770
2006
1,249
1,347
1995
752
2007
1996
750
2008
1,341
1997
799
2009
1,236
1998
777
2010
1,432
1999
789
2011
1,536
2000
849
2012
1,547
2001
851
1,600
1,400
1,200
1,000
800
400
200
0
19
600
50
19
60
19
70
19
80
19
90
Years
World
1970-75
1975-80
1980-85
1985-90
1990-95
1995-00
2000-05
2005-10
2010-12
1.6
2.2
0.1
1.4
-0.5
2.4
6.2
4.5
3.9
20
00
20
10
Company
Tonnage
Rank
ArcelorMittal (*)
93.6
23
IMIDRO (*)
13.6
47.9
24
SAIL (*)
13.5
Company
Tonnage
Hebei Group
42.8
25
Rizhao
13.2
42.7
26
MMK (*)
13.0
POSCO (*)
39.9
27
12.7
36.4
28
Metinvest (*)
12.5
29
(**)
Shagang Group
32.3
31.4
JFE (*)
30.4
10
30.2
Shandong Group
23.0
23.0
12
U. S. Steel (*)
21.4
13
Nucor
20.1
11
(*)
10.2
10.1
Jiuquan
10.1
Pingxiang
31
9.1
Zongheng
9.1
Jinxi
9.1
8.7
Xinyu
8.7
ISD
8.5
8.5
34
Guofeng
8.0
16.0
35
7.9
15.9
36
Anyang
7.7
7.6
14
Gerdau (*)
19.8
Maanshan
17.3
16
17.1
17
RIVA Group
18
Evraz Group
(*)
Baotou
Taiyuan
15
(*)(2)
30
32
33
Severstal (*)
15.1
ThyssenKrupp (*)
15.1
Zenith
7.6
Benxi Steel
15.1
38
voestalpine (*)
7.5
20
NLMK (*)
14.9
39
Jingye
7.3
21
Valin Group
14.1
Nanjing
7.2
22
Jianlong Group
13.8
Usiminas (*)
7.2
19
37
40
* worldsteel members
** Handan, which is part of Hebei Group, is a member of worldsteel
In October 2012, Nippon Steel Corporation and Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd.
were officially merged into Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation.
Restructuring within the group undertaken in January 2013 is not reflected.
(1)
(2)
Country
China
Japan
United States
India
Russia
South Korea
Germany
Turkey
Brazil
Ukraine
Italy
Taiwan, China
Mexico
France
Iran
Spain
Canada
United Kingdom
Poland
Austria
Belgium
South Africa
Netherlands
Egypt
Malaysia (e)
Saudi Arabia
Czech Republic
Argentina
Vietnam (e)
Australia
Slovak Republic
Sweden
Thailand (e)
Finland
Kazakhstan
Indonesia (e)
Romania
United Arab Emirates (e)
Byelorussia
Venezuela
Luxembourg
Qatar
Portugal (e)
Chile
Hungary
Switzerland (e)
Colombia
Greece
Philippines (e)
Peru
Other
World
(e): estimate
2012
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
2011
Tonnage
716.5
107.2
88.7
77.6
70.4
69.1
42.7
35.9
34.5
33.0
27.3
20.7
18.1
15.6
14.5
13.6
13.5
9.6
8.4
7.4
7.3
6.9
6.9
6.6
6.0
5.2
5.1
5.0
4.9
4.9
4.4
4.3
4.3
3.8
3.7
3.7
3.3
2.8
2.7
2.4
2.2
2.1
1.9
1.7
1.5
1.5
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.0
13.0
1,546.8
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
10
9
8
11
12
13
14
16
15
17
18
19
22
20
21
23
24
26
29
28
27
30
25
34
31
33
35
32
37
36
42
39
38
40
41
44
46
45
47
49
43
50
51
Tonnage
702.0
107.6
86.4
73.5
68.9
68.5
44.3
34.1
35.2
35.3
28.7
20.2
18.1
15.8
13.2
15.5
12.9
9.5
8.8
7.5
8.0
7.5
6.9
6.5
5.9
5.3
5.6
5.6
4.9
6.4
4.2
4.9
4.2
4.0
4.7
3.6
3.8
2.0
2.6
3.1
2.5
2.0
1.9
1.6
1.7
1.4
1.3
1.9
1.2
0.9
13.9
1,536.2
10
7.4
7.3
0.6
5.1
3.8
15.6
42.7
1.2
1.5
27.3
0.8
2.2
6.9
8.4
1.9
3.3
4.4
0.6
13.6
4.3
9.6
168.5
35.9
2.7
38.6
70.4
33.0
8.4
111.8
13.5
18.1
88.7
120.3
5.0
34.5
1.7
2.4
3.8
47.4
6.6
6.9
2.0
15.5
14.5
5.2
2.4
22.1
716.5
77.6
107.2
69.1
20.7
20.9
1,012.0
4.9
0.9
1,542.0
Oxygen
%
Electric
%
90.9
63.6
92.7
67.8
60.9
67.7
96.5
34.2
98.0
50.6
46.8
91.4
25.1
66.9
78.6
58.3
26.0
12.8
25.1
63.4
69.4
44.0
63.7
57.8
27.6
40.9
40.8
44.3
76.3
71.0
10.2
63.5
8.0
56.3
28.3
32.1
14.9
9.8
89.8
31.2
76.8
62.4
51.0
79.4
77.2
68.6
69.6
9.1
36.4
100.0
7.3
32.2
39.1
32.3
100.0
3.5
65.8
100.0
100.0
2.0
49.4
100.0
53.2
8.6
100.0
74.9
33.1
21.4
41.7
74.0
87.2
74.9
27.0
4.5
55.0
22.5
42.2
72.4
59.1
59.2
55.7
23.7
29.0
100.0
89.8
36.5
92.0
43.7
71.7
67.9
85.1
100.0
100.0
90.2
10.1
67.5
23.2
37.6
49.0
100.0
20.4
22.8
31.4
29.3
Open
hearth
%
9.6
26.0
1.0
13.8
1.3
0.1
1.1
Other
%
Total
%
0.1
0.0
0.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
The countries in this table accounted for more than 99% of world crude steel production in 2012.
2010
2011
2012
2010
2011
2012
6.9
8.0
0.7
4.7
4.0
14.8
42.4
1.8
1.7
24.6
0.7
2.5
6.5
7.8
1.3
3.6
4.6
0.5
16.1
4.3
9.6
167.1
29.1
2.5
31.6
54.0
18.0
7.8
79.8
12.9
16.7
78.4
108.0
5.1
31.8
2.2
4.1
43.2
6.7
7.6
2.2
16.5
12.0
5.0
2.3
19.3
626.7
51.0
107.7
57.7
19.4
15.3
877.8
7.2
0.9
1,351.3
7.2
8.0
0.8
5.0
4.0
15.0
42.6
1.9
1.7
27.4
0.6
2.5
6.8
8.6
1.4
3.7
4.2
0.5
15.3
4.2
9.3
170.7
34.1
2.7
36.8
55.6
19.0
8.5
83.0
12.7
18.1
84.5
115.2
5.6
34.1
3.1
5.1
47.8
6.5
7.5
1.5
15.5
13.2
5.3
2.3
20.8
690.5
56.9
106.1
67.2
19.4
15.8
955.8
6.3
0.8
1,453.0
7.1
7.3
0.6
4.6
3.7
15.0
41.2
1.2
1.5
26.0
0.8
2.2
6.7
8.2
1.9
3.2
4.4
0.5
13.4
3.8
9.4
163.0
35.9
2.8
38.7
56.8
17.8
7.5
82.1
13.1
18.1
87.5
118.7
5.0
33.6
2.4
5.1
46.0
6.6
6.9
1.9
15.5
14.5
5.2
2.4
22.1
704.7
62.0
105.9
67.9
19.9
15.8
976.3
4.8
0.9
1,468.1
96.2
100.0
100.0
89.9
99.6
95.9
96.7
100.0
100.0
95.7
100.0
100.0
98.1
97.4
88.5
97.1
99.7
82.2
98.6
88.5
98.4
96.7
100.0
99.2
99.9
80.7
53.8
99.3
73.7
99.0
98.9
97.4
97.8
99.7
96.6
100.0
90.5
96.5
100.0
99.5
99.8
99.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.1
73.9
98.2
98.0
98.2
100.0
96.3
99.3
100.0
95.0
95.8
100.0
100.0
90.1
99.5
95.3
96.3
100.0
100.0
95.2
100.0
100.0
97.5
97.4
72.2
96.4
99.7
81.8
98.6
86.9
97.8
96.1
100.0
99.3
99.9
80.7
53.9
99.7
73.7
98.5
99.8
97.8
98.2
99.8
96.7
100.0
93.1
96.9
100.0
99.4
99.6
99.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.4
77.4
98.6
98.1
96.2
100.0
96.8
99.1
100.0
95.3
96.2
100.0
99.1
91.1
99.5
96.1
96.7
100.0
100.0
95.4
100.0
100.0
98.0
97.6
99.1
97.2
99.7
82.6
98.5
87.4
98.0
96.7
100.0
99.7
100.0
80.7
53.9
99.8
74.0
97.2
99.9
98.6
98.6
99.7
97.3
100.0
92.7
97.2
100.0
99.5
99.7
99.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.4
79.9
98.8
98.3
96.4
100.0
97.0
98.9
100.0
95.6
The countries in this table accounted for more than 99% of world crude steel production in 2012.
11
million tonnes
NAFTA
140
11
120
100
7
actual data
deseasonalised data
80
2009
2010
2011
2012
actual data
deseasonalised data
5
2009
2010
2011
2012
18
6
15
5
12
actual data
deseasonalised data
9
2009
2010
2011
2012
actual data
deseasonalised data
2009
2010
2011
10
10
actual data
deseasonalised data
actual data
deseasonalised data
4
2009
2010
2011
2012
12
2012
Japan
CIS (6)
2009
2010
2011
2012
China
70
60
50
40
30
actual data
deseasonalised data
2009
2010
2011
2012
13
Other Asia
11.6%
Others
8.7%
EU-27
20.8%
Japan
11.9%
China
20.1%
Others comprise:
Africa
Middle East
1.7%
1.4%
CIS
11.2%
Other Europe
2.2%
Other Asia
12.2%
Japan
6.9%
Other Europe
2.6%
Others
6.1%
CIS
7.2%
EU-27
10.9%
NAFTA
7.8%
NAFTA
13.4%
China
46.3%
4.7%
0.9%
Others comprise:
Africa
Middle East
1.0%
1.6%
3.1%
0.4%
Others
9.3%
Other Asia
16.6%
EU-27
19.3%
CIS
4.1%
Japan
8.7%
China
23.3%
2.1%
NAFTA
16.7%
Middle East
3.0%
14
Other Asia
14.9%
CIS
4.0%
EU-27
9.9%
NAFTA
9.3%
Japan
4.5%
China
45.7%
Others comprise:
Africa
Others
9.2%
Other Europe
2.0%
3.3%
0.9%
Others comprise:
Africa 1.9%
Middle East
3.5%
3.3%
0.5%
15
16
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
4.1
5.5
6.0
16.2
39.2
36.4
3.5
10.7
4.6
23.6
4.5
12.9
21.7
188.7
21.2
8.2
29.4
34.9
6.6
7.3
48.9
18.1
17.1
119.6
154.9
4.5
18.5
3.2
11.3
37.6
4.7
5.9
9.4
20.0
12.7
21.7
34.4
377.7
45.6
79.0
50.2
19.8
45.4
617.6
7.9
1,139.4
4.1
5.6
6.6
16.6
42.7
35.9
4.1
12.1
5.6
24.5
4.9
12.8
23.4
198.9
23.8
8.3
32.1
40.4
8.1
7.9
56.4
15.5
17.9
108.3
141.7
4.6
22.1
3.6
10.7
41.0
5.5
5.8
9.5
20.7
18.5
25.0
43.6
418.4
51.5
81.2
55.2
18.1
51.7
676.0
8.3
1,218.7
4.0
5.4
6.5
15.3
42.4
33.3
4.3
11.5
5.2
18.0
4.3
11.8
21.4
183.5
21.5
7.3
28.7
35.4
6.9
7.7
50.0
14.7
17.4
98.4
130.5
4.8
24.0
3.4
11.6
43.9
6.5
6.1
11.6
24.3
14.9
30.8
45.6
446.9
51.4
78.0
58.6
16.9
51.9
703.7
8.4
1,218.6
3.2
4.1
4.5
11.0
28.2
20.1
2.9
8.2
2.7
11.9
2.6
7.0
13.2
119.5
18.0
5.9
23.9
24.9
3.8
7.2
36.0
9.5
14.8
59.2
83.5
3.2
18.6
2.7
9.0
33.5
9.4
4.5
13.1
26.9
17.2
24.9
42.1
551.4
57.9
52.8
45.4
11.3
49.7
768.5
6.0
1,140.0
3.6
4.6
5.5
13.1
36.2
25.7
3.2
10.0
3.3
13.1
3.6
8.8
14.0
144.6
23.6
6.0
29.6
35.6
5.4
7.2
48.3
14.1
17.2
79.9
111.2
4.6
26.1
2.3
11.6
44.6
8.6
5.0
11.2
24.8
19.5
27.2
46.8
587.6
64.9
63.6
52.4
17.8
56.1
842.4
7.8
1,300.1
4.0
5.0
6.1
13.7
40.8
26.5
3.7
11.0
3.8
13.1
3.9
9.1
13.9
154.4
26.9
6.4
33.4
40.9
6.3
7.6
54.7
14.2
18.3
89.2
121.7
5.3
25.0
2.6
12.7
45.7
7.5
5.3
12.0
24.9
20.9
28.6
49.5
634.3
69.8
64.1
56.4
18.1
61.4
904.2
6.9
1,395.3
4.1
4.4
6.0
12.6
37.7
21.7
3.4
10.4
3.8
10.7
3.5
9.0
12.9
140.1
28.5
6.3
34.7
41.8
5.7
9.0
56.5
14.4
20.1
96.7
131.2
4.9
25.2
3.0
13.9
46.9
8.0
5.1
13.5
26.6
18.2
30.7
48.9
646.2
71.6
64.0
54.1
17.9
66.6
920.4
7.2
1,412.6
Austria
Belgium-Luxembourg
Czech Republic
France
Germany
Italy
Netherlands
Poland
Romania
Spain
Sweden
United Kingdom
Other EU (27)
European Union (27)
Turkey
Others
Other Europe
Russia
Ukraine
Other CIS
CIS
Canada
Mexico
United States
NAFTA
Argentina
Brazil
Venezuela
Others
Central and South America
Egypt
South Africa
Other Africa
Africa
Iran
Other Middle East
Middle East
China
India
Japan
South Korea
Taiwan, China
Other Asia
Asia
Australia and New Zealand
World
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
496.2
502.7
581.9
263.3
474.9
616.8
215.0
279.3
210.1
537.1
491.6
212.3
307.7
383.0
307.3
206.1
272.4
243.3
142.6
107.2
189.2
555.3
158.9
399.2
351.9
115.2
98.6
119.2
64.8
86.2
61.7
121.4
20.0
33.6
180.3
225.6
180.0
287.3
39.4
624.6
1,061.5
867.1
50.4
173.1
312.5
186.3
498.6
508.4
636.8
269.2
517.7
603.9
250.8
315.6
257.3
549.3
530.0
210.7
332.3
402.0
339.6
215.9
297.3
281.8
174.0
115.5
218.3
470.4
164.0
358.2
318.8
117.3
116.2
132.2
60.7
93.0
71.0
118.9
19.6
34.1
259.4
250.7
221.8
316.6
43.9
641.7
1,162.2
787.1
56.7
187.6
326.1
197.1
479.3
487.0
629.8
246.8
513.7
555.8
260.9
301.3
239.5
398.6
469.8
192.9
303.2
369.3
302.5
199.1
267.3
247.4
149.5
111.8
193.7
440.4
157.1
322.7
290.6
120.5
125.5
121.2
65.2
98.4
83.5
124.2
23.5
39.1
205.6
297.2
226.4
336.4
43.2
616.0
1,227.0
733.0
56.3
193.3
322.8
195.1
385.9
367.4
431.6
176.1
342.2
333.2
173.7
214.2
123.0
260.2
275.9
113.6
187.1
239.6
250.9
161.1
220.5
174.4
83.9
103.0
139.1
283.1
132.0
192.4
184.2
80.0
96.1
94.1
49.7
74.2
117.4
89.6
25.9
42.4
235.0
221.5
203.6
413.1
47.9
417.1
946.8
487.2
53.2
209.1
225.0
180.5
433.8
410.0
526.1
208.1
439.8
423.6
192.4
260.0
153.1
283.6
388.1
141.7
197.8
289.0
323.9
163.2
270.0
249.2
119.6
103.1
186.8
414.2
152.1
257.4
243.0
114.3
133.9
78.2
63.2
97.8
106.2
99.2
21.6
38.1
264.3
237.2
221.3
438.1
53.0
502.4
1,087.3
766.3
59.3
227.1
289.1
203.8
470.6
443.7
575.5
216.6
496.6
436.1
219.4
287.8
175.9
282.3
409.6
145.0
196.7
307.7
365.7
174.7
302.0
286.0
139.1
106.8
211.4
412.6
159.3
284.9
263.2
130.9
127.3
88.5
68.7
99.2
91.2
105.4
22.6
37.4
280.0
238.8
229.2
470.7
56.2
506.7
1,165.3
777.9
64.1
241.4
249.0
216.4
484.9
392.5
565.0
198.1
459.8
355.2
205.2
271.1
177.2
228.4
367.7
143.8
181.8
278.5
381.9
170.3
311.8
293.2
126.1
126.2
218.2
415.5
172.8
306.2
281.1
119.0
126.8
99.3
74.0
100.7
95.0
101.2
24.8
39.2
240.4
248.3
221.9
477.4
56.9
506.0
1,114.1
769.8
68.7
243.5
257.0
216.9
17
PIG IRON
2011 and 2012
million tonnes
million tonnes
Production
Austria
Belgium-Luxembourg
Czech Republic
Finland
France
Germany
Hungary
Italy
Netherlands
Poland
Romania
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
United Kingdom
Other EU
European Union (27)
Turkey
Others
Other Europe
Kazakhstan
Russia
Ukraine
Other CIS
CIS
Canada
Mexico
United States
NAFTA
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
Venezuela
Other Latin America
Central and South America
Egypt
South Africa
Other Africa
Africa
Iran
Other Middle East
Middle East
China
India
Japan
South Korea
Taiwan, China
Other Asia
Asia
Australia
New Zealand
Other Oceania
Oceania
World
18
Production
- Exports
+ Imports
2011
2012
2012
2012
5.8
4.7
4.1
2.6
9.7
27.9
1.3
9.8
5.9
4.0
1.6
3.3
3.5
3.2
6.6
94.4
8.2
2.0
10.2
3.2
48.1
28.9
80.2
7.3
4.6
30.2
42.2
2.8
33.3
1.1
0.3
37.5
0.6
4.6
0.4
5.6
2.2
2.2
645.4
43.6
81.0
42.2
12.7
1.6
826.6
5.3
0.7
5.9
1,104.7
5.8
4.1
3.9
2.5
9.5
27.0
1.2
9.4
5.9
4.0
1.6
3.5
3.1
2.8
7.2
91.5
8.6
1.2
9.8
2.8
50.5
28.5
81.9
7.7
4.6
32.1
44.3
2.1
26.9
1.1
0.4
30.5
0.6
4.6
0.4
5.5
2.1
2.1
657.9
48.0
81.4
41.7
11.8
1.7
842.4
3.7
0.7
4.4
1,112.4
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
1.1
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
6.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
3.0
0.0
3.0
0.6
0.0
0.6
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.2
1.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
12.6
0.0
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.6
0.0
1.1
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
3.3
1.4
0.0
1.4
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.2
4.3
4.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.6
0.0
0.1
0.8
0.8
0.5
2.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
12.6
Apparent
= Consumption
2012
5.8
4.1
3.9
2.5
9.6
27.5
1.2
10.5
6.0
4.1
1.6
3.5
3.3
2.8
7.2
0.0
93.7
10.0
1.0
11.0
2.8
46.5
26.6
0.1
76.0
7.5
4.8
36.2
48.6
2.1
23.9
1.1
0.0
0.7
27.8
0.6
4.0
0.3
4.9
2.1
0.0
2.1
658.2
47.6
81.1
42.5
12.5
1.9
843.9
3.7
0.7
0.0
4.4
1,112.4
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Germany
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.6
Sweden
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.7
Russia
3.3
3.3
3.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
5.2
5.2
Canada
0.6
0.4
0.9
0.7
0.3
0.6
0.7
0.8
Mexico
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.0
4.1
5.4
5.9
5.6
United States
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
NAFTA
6.9
6.9
7.4
7.0
4.5
6.0
6.6
6.4
1.6
Argentina
1.8
1.9
1.8
1.8
0.8
1.6
1.7
Brazil
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.0
Peru
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
2.1
2.1
2.1
1.6
1.2
1.8
1.7
1.7
Venezuela
8.9
8.4
7.8
6.8
5.5
3.8
4.5
4.5
13.3
12.9
12.1
10.7
7.6
7.2
7.9
7.9
Egypt
2.9
2.8
2.8
2.6
3.1
3.0
2.9
3.1
Libya
1.7
1.6
1.7
1.6
1.1
1.3
0.2
0.6
0.2
0.2
1.8
1.8
1.7
1.2
1.3
1.1
1.4
1.5 (e)
Africa
6.4
6.3
6.4
5.4
5.5
5.4
4.5
5.2
Iran
6.9
6.9
7.5
7.4
8.1
9.4
10.4
11.6
Qatar
0.8
0.9
1.2
1.7
2.1
2.3
2.4
2.4
Saudi Arabia
3.6
3.6
4.1
4.5
4.6
4.9
5.2
5.0
Nigeria
South Africa
1.2
1.8
3.0 (e)
11.3
11.4
12.8
13.6
14.8
17.7
19.7
22.0
China
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.0
India
12.1
15.0
20.1
20.9
23.4
24.8
21.3
19.7
Indonesia
1.3
1.2
1.3
1.2
1.1
1.3
1.2
1.3 (e)
Malaysia
1.3
1.3
1.9
2.0
2.4
2.4
2.9
2.9 (e)
Middle East
0.0
Asia
Myanmar
15.0
17.7
23.5
24.2
27.0
28.5
25.4
23.8
World
56.7
59.2
66.4
66.0
64.5
70.0
69.8
71.1
(e): estimate
19
IRON ORE
2011
(1)
(2)
20
(66)
(61)
(60)
(64)
..
(65)
(65)
..
(28)
(61)
(57)
..
..
(65)
..
8.8
7.0
0.0
7.4
13.4
42.4
14.7
14.9
6.0
2.2
5.1
5.1
5.0
9.0
4.3
145.2
1.6
0.4
11.6
1.6
160.4
135.4
10.6
11.1
47.8
69.4
60.2
1.7
0.8
9.8
10.6
83.1
0.0
0.0
8.7
8.7
38.2
1,009.1
158.2
128.5
65.2
27.4
1,388.4
27.3
2.1
1,913.0
32.7
1.8
29.2
12.0
67.6
13.3
0.2
1.0
157.9
125.2
Other Europe
1.9
0.7
2.5
0.2
3.5
0.1
8.9
8.2
CIS
0.0
0.0
1.7
0.0
0.0
1.7
0.0
NAFTA
0.1
0.0
11.1
1.9
0.1
0.0
0.0
13.3
2.2
0.0
1.9
9.2
0.1
0.0
11.2
2.0
4.6
0.0
1.6
22.6
1.6
0.1
0.1
30.5
28.9
China
1.9
0.2
34.6
19.9 170.4
65.0
72.0 322.5
Japan
0.0
0.6
Other Asia
0.0
0.5
Oceania
0.0
41.2
3.2
8.4
-116.7
Destination
European Union (27)
Total exports
of which:
extra-regional exports*
Net exports
(exports - imports)
Oceania
6.7
7.4
0.0
7.4
13.5
42.0
14.7
33.4
6.0
2.2
5.1
5.1
0.1
9.2
4.9
157.7
0.1
0.1
6.6
1.6
166.2
2.0
7.1
1.5
5.3
13.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
11.4
11.6
0.4
4.5
4.9
27.1
686.7
1.3
128.5
64.9
29.6
911.0
5.0
0.0
1,141.7
Asia
0.0
0.5
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
18.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
21.1
0.2
0.6
41.1
0.4
2.4
0.3
0.0
44.3
69.2
33.6
4.9
11.1
49.6
330.8
10.3
9.0
6.3
1.0
357.5
11.5
53.3
0.4
65.2
24.4
0.0
39.2
0.0
0.1
35.6
74.9
465.6
0.2
1,151.1
Total imports
(60)
(63)
(65)
(60)
2.1
0.5
26.1
28.7
1.9
2.7
5.2
38.5
202.6
37.1
14.5
53.6
105.2
391.0
12.0
9.8
16.0
0.2
429.0
11.5
52.9
4.6
69.0
35.5
322.4
196.0
0.5
33.4
552.3
487.9
2.3
1,922.4
Exporting Region
..
(65)
..
..
= Apparent
Consumption
(63)
+ Imports
NAFTA
(32)
- Exports
CIS
Austria
Belgium-Luxembourg
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
France
Germany
Italy
Netherlands
Poland
Romania
Slovakia
Spain
Sweden
United Kingdom
Other EU
European Union (27)
Bosnia-Herzegovina
Norway
Turkey
Other Europe
Europe
CIS
Canada
Mexico
United States
NAFTA
Brazil
Chile
Peru
Venezuela
Other America
Central and South America
Mauritania
South Africa
Other Africa
Africa
Middle East
China(2)
India
Japan
South Korea
Other Asia
Asia
Australia
New Zealand and Other Oceania
World
Production
Other Europe
Fe
Content(1)
686.4
614.4
4.6
3.5
80.3
128.5
125.0
41.9
4.0
0.3
61.4
110.5
110.2
1.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.3
1.3
69.2
49.6 356.8
88.9
1,017.4
2.5
67.4
38.5 347.5
87.3
-5.7
67.4
36.3 345.5
1.2
38.3
0.6
1.8
0.0
21
21.4
2.8
31.0
10.4
57.0
12.2
0.2
10.7
145.7
124.3
100
Other Europe
1.2
0.0
1.7
0.5
3.9
0.4
7.7
7.7
50
CIS
0.0
0.0
3.1
0.0
0.0
3.1
0.0
NAFTA
0.2
0.0
0.0
10.7
1.3
0.1
0.0
0.0
12.4
1.6
0.0
1.9
10.1
0.0
0.0
12.1
1.9
5.6
0.0
0.1
1.0
23.8
0.1
0.0
30.6
30.5
China
2.3
1.6
35.7
24.2 189.2
65.2
60.3 366.8
745.4
685.0
Japan
0.0
1.2
1.4
39.3
5.6
2.7
80.9
131.1
128.4
14.1
1.6
0.5
0.9
28.6
7.4
0.5
63.6
117.1
116.7
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.8
0.2
1.2
1.0
Total exports
44.9
6.0
73.4
51.0 353.4
91.0
of which:
extra-regional exports*
23.4
6.0
70.3
40.2 343.3
90.9
-100.9
-1.8
70.3
38.6 341.4
Other Asia
Oceania
Net exports
(exports - imports)
400
350
300
250
200
10
05
20
00
20
95
20
90
19
85
19
80
19
75
150
19
Asia
Destination
506.9
578.7
599.0
654.0
660.1
658.2
665.0
656.3
685.0
686.5
729.5
712.6
724.9
782.5
784.9
836.1
898.1
984.3
1,064.2
1,160.1
1,252.4
1,246.7
1,151.5
1,334.3
1,432.4
1,443.9
Total imports
114.7
140.6
171.0
171.0
177.1
196.1
222.5
238.6
246.6
236.4
267.9
268.7
280.8
307.1
300.4
319.0
332.3
365.9
371.0
418.0
444.9
436.6
327.3
388.8
416.6
414.0
Oceania
1975
1980
1985
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
450
Exports
%
Production
NAFTA
Exports
CIS
Year
Other Europe
500
Exporting Region
19
260
240
220
200
180
160
140
120
100
22
12
11
20
20
10
09
20
20
08
07
20
06
20
20
05
20
04
20
03
20
02
20
01
20
20
00
80
23
3.2
3.4
19.6
21.9
22.8
21.1
26.1
21.8
17.3
18.7
19.4
15.1
16.8
7.6
11.2
13.1
13.6
Wire rod
21.8
22.8
21.9
16.6
20.2
20.9
Drawn wire
6.8
7.0
5.3
6.4
6.8
7.1
6.5
6.0
3.1
4.6
5.5
5.7
Hot-rolled strip
4.6
3.6
2.2
3.3
3.0
3.0
Cold-rolled strip
Hot-rolled sheets and coils
5.1
3.9
3.0
3.8
3.7
3.6
62.0
60.8
50.0
61.1
60.1
59.1
European
Union (27)
101.8
4.5
17.0
0.6
1.0
0.6
3.9
0.4
3.6
0.0 133.3
31.6
17.6
Plates
37.8
38.1
24.0
28.7
32.1
31.5
Other Europe
10.3
0.7
5.4
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.0
18.3
29.9
29.5
24.9
31.2
32.1
31.6
CIS
1.9
0.8
9.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.1
0.2
0.6
0.0
15.1
5.6
4.1
4.2
3.0
3.9
4.0
3.9
NAFTA
7.1
1.7
2.0
19.4
4.6
0.3
3.1
3.5
8.3
0.3
50.2
30.8
6.3
6.1
5.2
6.2
5.8
5.7
Other America
2.0
1.3
0.8
2.6
3.5
0.1
5.0
1.1
1.6
0.1
18.2
14.7
Galvanised sheet
32.1
29.8
23.1
31.7
33.1
32.5
Africa
8.2
3.6
3.2
0.2
0.1
1.4
3.2
0.7
1.5
0.0
22.1
20.7
9.7
10.9
8.1
11.4
13.7
13.5
Middle East
2.9
8.6
9.0
0.3
0.2
0.3
4.6
2.0
5.7
0.1
33.6
33.3
33.9
35.4
29.4
33.4
41.0
40.7
China
1.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.0
5.8
6.1
0.0
13.6
13.6
0.2
0.5
0.7
0.8
0.6
0.7
Japan
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.9
4.7
0.0
5.7
5.7
Castings
1.1
0.9
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.7
Other Asia
5.9
0.6
7.9
0.9
2.0
0.6
30.6
26.8
24.0
0.3
99.5
75.6
0.3
4.9
4.6
Forgings
1.3
1.2
0.5
0.7
0.8
0.7
Oceania
Other
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.3
Total Exports
Total
392.1
392.5
299.8
355.8
376.4
379.4
(e): estimate
24
Destination
3.2
16.5
Total Imports
2.8
24.1
Oceania
3.3
26.3
Other Asia
3.1
Exporting Region
Japan
58.1
China
2012(e)
55.4
2011
56.6
Other America
2010
51.2
NAFTA
2009
62.6
CIS
2008
62.4
Other Europe
2007
0.4
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
1.0
0.4
2.6
141.5
21.9
55.1
24.4
11.5
3.5
54.8
41.5
59.2
of which:extraregional exports*
39.8
21.2
45.7
4.9
8.1
1.8
54.8
41.5
35.2
0.8 253.7
Net Exports
(exports-imports)
8.2
3.6
-6.6 -52.2
41.2
35.8 -40.3
40.0 -25.9
-3.8
25
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
(1)
(2)
26
Total Exports
China
European Union (27) (1)
Japan
South Korea
Russia
Germany (2)
Ukraine
Turkey
Italy (2)
France (2)
Belgium (2)
United States
Taiwan, China
Netherlands (2)
Brazil
Spain (2)
India
Austria (2)
United Kingdom (2)
Canada
Net Exports
(exports - imports)
China
Japan
Ukraine
Russia
European Union (27) (1)
South Korea
Turkey
Brazil
Italy (2)
Belgium (2)
Austria (2)
Germany (2)
Taiwan, China
Slovakia (2)
Spain (2)
Mt
Rank
54.8
47.1
41.5
30.2
26.7
26.0
24.1
18.7
18.3
14.6
14.5
13.6
10.5
9.7
9.7
9.5
8.2
6.8
6.4
6.2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Mt
Rank
40.6
35.7
22.3
19.8
17.6
9.8
7.2
5.9
4.3
3.9
3.1
3.1
3.0
2.6
2.2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Total Imports
United States
European Union (27) (1)
Germany (2)
South Korea
Thailand
China
Italy (2)
France (2)
Indonesia
Turkey
Belgium (2)
Canada
India
Mexico
Saudi Arabia
Poland (2)
Vietnam
Netherlands (2)
Taiwan, China
Spain (2)
Net Imports
(imports - exports)
United States
Thailand
Indonesia
Saudi Arabia
Vietnam
United Arab Emirates
Iran
Algeria
Mexico
Philippines
Iraq
Canada
Egypt
Singapore
Lebanon
Exports
Mt
31.5
29.5
22.9
20.4
15.2
14.2
13.9
13.2
12.2
11.5
10.6
9.6
9.3
9.3
8.1
7.9
7.8
7.6
7.5
7.3
Mt
17.9
13.6
11.3
7.8
6.5
6.0
5.3
5.0
4.3
4.3
4.0
3.5
3.4
3.1
3.0
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Italy
Netherlands
Poland
Slovak Republic
Spain
Sweden
United Kingdom
Other EU
European Union (27)
Turkey
Others
Other Europe
Byelorussia
Kazakhstan
Russia
Ukraine
Other CIS
CIS
Canada
Mexico
United States
NAFTA
Brazil
Other Central and South America
Central and South America
South Africa
Other Africa
Africa
Middle East
China
Japan
South Korea
Taiwan. China
Other Asia
Asia
Australia and New Zealand
World
Imports
2011
2012
2011
2012
1.0
3.5
0.9
2.0
0.3
6.2
10.0
0.1
0.3
4.5
1.7
0.6
0.4
1.4
7.8
8.6
49.3
0.1
2.4
2.5
0.0
0.9
4.1
0.8
0.5
6.3
4.8
1.1
24.4
30.3
0.3
1.6
1.9
1.4
1.2
2.6
2.7
0.0
5.5
0.4
0.1
3.0
9.0
2.2
106.7
1.0
3.5
0.7
1.9
0.4
6.1
8.9
0.1
0.3
4.8
1.8
0.4
0.7
1.5
7.3
7.4
46.8
0.1
2.4
2.5
0.0
0.8
4.4
0.4
0.2
5.8
4.2
0.9
21.4
26.5
0.4
1.4
1.8
1.6
1.0
2.6
1.2
0.0
8.6
0.2
0.1
2.8
11.7
2.8
101.7
1.0
4.6
0.2
0.5
0.7
2.7
6.7
0.9
5.7
1.6
0.4
0.1
4.6
0.2
0.4
4.3
34.8
21.5
1.2
22.6
1.6
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.4
2.1
1.9
0.7
4.0
6.6
0.1
0.4
0.5
0.0
3.1
3.1
0.2
6.8
0.6
8.6
5.3
15.1
36.4
0.1
106.4
1.1
4.1
0.1
0.5
0.2
2.7
5.5
0.5
5.3
1.9
0.4
0.3
4.3
0.2
0.3
4.1
31.4
22.4
0.9
23.3
1.4
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.4
1.8
2.3
0.9
3.7
7.0
0.1
0.5
0.5
0.0
2.5
2.5
0.2
5.0
0.2
10.1
5.0
17.4
37.6
0.0
104.5
27
million tonnes
Mt
Exporting Region
27.7
Other Europe
1.4
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
Total Imports
Oceania
Other Asia
Japan
Other America
NAFTA
CIS
1.7
0.0
31.5
3.8
11.7
0.7
2.7
6.8
0.0
1.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
23.3
22.7
CIS
0.4
0.0
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.3
1.5
1.0
NAFTA
0.3
0.0
6.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
6.7
0.4
Other America
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.5
0.3
1.9
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.8
2.7
China
0.1
0.1
1.1
0.1
0.0
3.1
0.3
0.2
5.0
1.5
Japan
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.0
Other Asia
4.7
0.0
1.1
10.9
1.5
3.9
5.5
2.4
2.3
32.3
29.9
Oceania
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Total Exports
46.8
2.4
5.8
26.6
1.8
5.6
8.6
3.2
2.9 103.7
62.4
19.1
1.8
5.3
20.3
1.7
5.6
5.5
0.4
2.8
Net Exports
(exports-imports)
15.4 -20.9
4.3
19.9
1.4
2.8
8.4 -34.1
2.8
80
300
75
250
70
200
150
65
Indirect Exports, Mt
175.6
2001
180.1
2002
189.6
2003
201.1
2004
226.9
2005
252.0
270.6
60
2007
295.7
2008
301.1
55
2009
230.6
2010
283.6
2011
327.8
50
0
Year
2000
2006
100
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
Other Europe
Destination
Indirect exports, Mt
Indirect exports as a percentage
of exports of steel products, %
350
62.4
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
28
(1)
Indirect Exports
China
Japan
(1)
Germany
South Korea
United States
(1)
Italy
Mexico
(1)
France
(1)
Spain
(1)
Poland
Mt
Rank
71.4
34.1
30.4
26.9
22.9
12.9
10.7
9.4
9.1
7.8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Mt
Rank
57.8
27.5
20.8
8.0
4.1
1
2
3
4
5
Indirect Imports
United States
(1)
Germany
China
(1)
France
Canada
Russia
(1)
United Kingdom
(1)
Italy
Mexico
(1)
Belgium-Luxembourg
Data for individual European Union (27) countries include intra-European trade
Mt
35.3
22.4
13.6
13.3
12.2
10.2
9.9
8.9
8.4
7.5
Mt
12.4
9.0
6.6
4.7
3.9
29
ABOUT WORLDSTEEL
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
27.2
15.6
26.6
21.7
16.0
158.8
17.5
22.8
32.2
40.5
20.2
14.9
125.8
160.8
14.8
30.3
47.0
321.7
51.2
35.2
518.2
978.5
31.9
17.9
31.0
24.6
17.9
185.6
19.3
26.0
39.3
49.8
22.3
16.6
140.0
178.9
16.9
35.9
49.6
342.6
54.5
37.5
548.3
1,074.2
32.2
19.0
31.6
24.6
18.0
194.0
21.5
28.4
47.6
60.6
20.2
16.9
127.1
164.2
20.9
41.1
60.2
375.5
52.5
42.1
594.8
1,143.3
33.0
18.4
28.5
16.9
15.9
176.4
18.7
26.6
44.4
56.1
20.1
17.3
111.3
148.8
23.8
45.1
65.6
399.7
54.6
44.2
627.2
1,145.7
22.2
14.2
17.5
9.7
9.9
113.7
16.2
21.7
28.2
35.6
14.0
14.1
68.9
96.9
19.1
35.1
58.7
515.7
35.2
29.1
701.7
1,063.5
29.8
16.0
22.6
11.9
12.7
139.4
22.3
28.9
41.5
49.5
20.0
16.1
91.2
127.2
27.5
48.1
63.9
537.4
41.9
33.8
758.8
1,215.9
32.8
17.6
22.4
10.3
12.8
144.5
25.9
32.5
49.9
59.6
20.7
16.0
101.6
138.3
27.1
50.6
68.1
576.6
36.6
35.6
801.9
1,295.5
The World Steel Association (worldsteel) is one of the largest and most
dynamic industry associations in the world. worldsteel represents
approximately 170 steel producers (including 17 of the worlds 20 largest
steel companies), national and regional steel industry associations, and
steel research institutes. worldsteel members represent around 85% of
world steel production.
The total comprises 64 countries, the most significant users of steel products worldwide
Note: true steel use (TSU) is obtained by subtracting net indirect exports
of steel from apparent steel use (ASU).
Mexico
United Kingdom
Spain
France
Japan
United States
Russia
Turkey
Cover image:
MyZeil shopping mall, Frankfurt, Germany
Architect: Massimiliano Fuksas
Italy
Germany
China
Canada
South Korea
0
30
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
Design:
double-id.com
worldsteel.org