English Basic 1

INTERCHANGE
THIRD EDITION
Jack C. Richardds
With Jonathan Hull and Susan Proctor
Adaptado por Adriana Chaves Valetim
STUDENT 1 AND 2
ENGLISH COURSE
LAWS:
- Come in
- Sit down
- Please
- May I come in?
- May I go out?
- May I drink water?
- May I go to the bathroom?
- Can you lend me a/an ______________?
- Can I borrow your ________________ ?
- Whats the meaning of_____________ ?
- How do you say ___________ in English?
- How do you spell it?
ALPHABET:
A ei
N n
B bi
O ou
C ci
P pi
D di
Q quiu
Ei
R r
F fi
S ss
G dji
T ti
H eigh
U iu
I ai
V vi
J djei
W dbliu
K kei
X xs
L l
Y uai
M m
Z zi
DAYS OF THE WEEK:
Sunday (Domingo)
Monday (Segunda-Feira)
Tuesday (Tera-Feira)
Wednesday (Quarta-Feira)
Thursday (Quinta-Feira)
Friday (Sexta-Feira)
Saturday.(Sbado)
MONTHS OF THE YEAR:
January February March April May June July August

September October November December.
GREETINGS:
Hi Hello
Good morning
Good afternoon
Good evening
Good night
How are you?
Fine, thanks..
Not bad
So-so
Too bad
OK
PRESENTATIONS:
My name is_____________________
Nice to meet you
Glad to meet you
Pleased to meet you, too.
What is your first name? ________________________________

What is your middle name? ______________________________
What is your last name? _________________________________
What is your full name? _________________________________
What is your nickname? _________________________________
VOWELS
Before the sound consonant
Before the sound vowel
- a pen a horse a University
an apple an egg an hour
- a woman a universe a cat
an umbrella an engineer
COMMOM WH QUESTIONS:
WHO QUEM
WHOSE DE QUEM
WHERE ONDE
WHEN QUANDO
WHY POR QUE
WHAT O QUE/QUAL
WHICH QUAL
OBSERVATION:
WHY POR QUE (QUESTION)

BECAUSE PORQUE (ANSWER)
UNIT 1 Please call me Beth

1) Conversation Where are you from?
- Listen and Practice.
David: Hello, Im David Garza. Im a new club member.

Beth: Hi. My name is Elizabeth Silva, but please call me Beth.
David: OK. Where are you from, Beth ?
Beth: Brazil. How about you?
David: Im from Mexico.
Beth: Oh, I love Mexico! Its really beautiful.
David: Thanks. So is Brazil!
Beth: Oh. Good. Sun Hee is here.

David: Whos Sun Hee?
Beth: Shes my classmate. Were in the same math class.
David: Wheres she from?
Beth: Korea. Lets go and say hello. Sorry, whats your last name again? Garcia?
David: Actually, its Garza.
Beth: How do you spell that?
David: G-A-R-Z-A.
2) Speaking Checking information

- Match the questions with the responses. Listen and check.
1) Im sorry. Whats your name again?
a) S-I-L-V-A
2) What do people call you?
b) Its Elizabeth Silva
3) How do you spell your last name?
c) Everyone calls me Beth
3) Grammar Focus Statements with BE.

Possessive adjectives.
Statements with BE
Contractions of BE
Possessive Adjectives
Im from Mexico
Im = I am
my
Youre from Brazil
youre = you are
your
Hes from Japan
hes = he is
his
Shes from Chile
shes = she is
her
Its a beautiful city
its = it is
its
Were from China
were = we are
our
Theyre from Canada
theyre = they are
their
WH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH BE.

Whats your name?
My names Beth.
Wheres your friend?
Hes in class.
Whos Sun Hee?
Shes my classmate.
What are your classmates like?
Theyre very nice.
Where are you and Luisa from?
Were from Brazil.
How are your classes?
Theyre really interesting.
4) Snapshot
GREETINGS FROM AROUND THE WORLD:
A Handshake
(Canada, The United States, Peru)
A Bow
(Korea, Japan, Indonesia)
A Kiss on the cheek (Brazil, France, Venezuela)

A Hug
(The United States, Denmark, Egypt)
A Pat on the back
(Greece, Russia, Mexico)
Which greetings are typical in Brazil?
What are other ways to greet people?
5) Grammar Focus: Yes/No Questions

and short answers with BE.
Are you free?
Yes, I am
No, Im not.
Is Rick from Mexico?
Yes, he is
No, hes not/No, he isnt.
Is Beth from Australia?
Yes, she is
No, shes not/No,she isnt.
Are you and Sarah in SP?
Yes, we are
No, were not/No,we arent.
Are they in the same class? Yes, they are
No, theyre not/No,they arent.
Is the dog angry?
No, Its not/No, It isnt.
Yes, It is
6) Pronunciation Linked sounds

- Listen and Practice. Final consonant sounds are often linked to the vowels that
follow them.
Im a new club member.
Sun H. is over there My name is Elizabeth S.
EXERCISES:
1) Write five questions about your classmates. Then take turns asking and answering your
questions.
2) Find out:
A= 1
H= 8
O= 15
V= 22
B= 2
I= 9
P= 16
W= 23
C= 3
J= 10
Q= 17
X= 24
D= 4
K= 11
R= 18
Y= 25
E= 5
L= 12
S= 19
Z= 26
F= 6
M= 13
T= 20
G= 7
N= 14
U= 21
a) 16,5,14,3,9,12= ___________________________________
b) 18,21,12,5,18 = ____________________________________
c) 5,18,1,19,5,18 = ____________________________________
d) 23,1,20,3,8 = _______________________________________
e) 3,15,13,16,21,20,5,18= _________________________________
f) 7,18,1,14,4,13,15,20,8,5,18= ___________________________
g) 7,18,1,14,4,16,1,18,5,14,20,19= ___________________________
h) 19,9,19,20,5,18= _________________________________
i) 6,1,20,8,5,18= _______________________________________
3) Complete the sentences with the verb to BE.

- We_____ students of Mthodo School.
- He ______ from Canada.
- She______ very pretty.
- I _____ a teacher and engineer.
- You _______ a doctor.
- It ______ black and white. (The cow).
- They ______ from Chile.
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4) Answer the questions with YES/NO.
- Are you from Brazil? __________________________

- Is he a handsome guy? _________________________
- Is she a police officer? _________________________
- Are they in the same course? ____________________
- Are we students here? _________________________
- Is the cat yours? ______________________________
5) Make questions:
a) __________________________________________?
My first name is Michelle.
b) __________________________________________?
My last name is Silva.
c) __________________________________________?
Thats my wife?
d) __________________________________________?
Her name is Rosa.
e) __________________________________________?
Shes from Japan.
f) __________________________________________ ?
Theyre my classmates.
g) __________________________________________?
Hes from Los Angeles.
h) __________________________________________?
Its Brown.
i) ___________________________________________?
Their names are Lisa and Kate.
j) ___________________________________________ ?
Theyre from Canada.
6) Complete these conversation:
Yoko: Rich, who are the two women over there?

Rich : Oh, __________ names are Lisa and Kate.
Rich : Hi, Kate. This _______ Yoko. ________ from Japan.
Yoko: Hello, Nice to meet you.
Kate : Glad to meet you, too Yoko.
Lisa : And ______ name ______ Lisa.
Yoko: Hi, Lisa.
Rich : Lisa and Kate __________ from Brazil.
Yoko: Oh! Where are you from in Brazil?
Lisa and Kate: We ______ _______ Rio.
7) Substitute the names by pronouns:
a) Carol is my student - _____ is my student.

b) Lucas and Lucia are friends - _______ are friends.
c) My book is old - _____ is old.
d) John is a good teacher - ______ is a good teacher.
8) Answer the questions?
Are you from Mexico? ______________________________
Whats your address? _______________________________
Whats your nationality? ____________________________
Where are you from? _______________________________
Whats is your sister s name? ________________________
What
are
your
parents
names?_______________________
_________________________________________________
-
Do you live in a house or in an apartment? _______________
- Whats your phone number? ___________________________
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UNIT 2 How do you spend your day?

1) Conversation Where do you work?
a) - Listen and Practice
Jason:
Where do you work Andrea?
Andrea: I work at Thomas Cook Travel.

Jason:
Oh, really! What do you do there?
Andrea: Im a guide. I take people on tours to countries in South America, like Peru.
Jason:
How interesting!
Andrea: Yes, its a great job. I love it.

And what do you do?
Jason:
Im a student, and I have a part-time job, too.
Andrea: Oh! Where do you work?

Jason:
In a fast-food restaurant.
Andrea: Which restaurant?

Jason:
Hamburger Heaven.
b) - Listen to the rest of the conversation. What does Jason do, exactly? How does he
like his job?
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
2) Speaking Work and workplaces

- Put the correct letter in each column making sentences.
a) a salesperson
( ) builds houses
( ) for an airline
b) a chef
( ) cares for patients
( ) in a restaurant
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c) a flight attendant
( ) answers the phone
( ) for a construction company
d) a carpenter
( ) cooks food
( ) in a hospital
e) a receptionist
( ) serves passengers
( ) in a department store
f) a nurse
( ) sells clothes
( ) in an office
3) Grammar Focus Simple present

WH Questions and statements.
What do you do?
Im a student, and I have a part
time job.
Where do you work?
I work at/in a restaurant.
Where do you go to school? I go to the University of Texas.

Where does Kathy work?
She works at Thomas Cook Travel.
What does she do?
Shes a guide. She takes people on
tours.
How does she like it?
She loves it.
I/YOU
HE/SHE/IT
Work
works
Take
takes
Study
studies
Teach
teaches
Do
does
Go
goes
Have
has
Play
plays
Need
needs
Watch
watches
Wash
washes
List of the verbs.
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4) Snapshot The six WORST Jobs in The United States.

Based on salary, stress, number of hours, working conditions and security.
Fisherman Taxi driver cowboy construction worker dancer lumberjack
(serralheiro)
Which jobs are dangerous? Why?
Whats your opinion? Which job do you think is the worst?
List three other difficult jobs.
Vocabulary:
-
salary = money from work
security = safety
dangerous = not safe
5) Grammar Focus Time expressions.
I get up
at 7:00
in the morning
on weekdays.
I go to bed
around ten
in the evening
on weeknights.
I leave work
early
in the afternoon
on weekends.
I get home
late
at night
on Fridays.
I stay up
until
midnight
on Saturdays.
I wake up
before/after
noon
on Sundays.
Expressions clock time.

-
7:00
seven
seven oclock
7:00 A.M = 7:00 in the morning
7:00 P.M 7:00 in the evening
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6) Pronunciation Syllable stress

- Listen and Practice. Notice which syllable has the main stress in these words.
Dancer
company
director
Pilot
lumberjack
musician
Cowboy
fisherman
designer
EXERCISES:
1) Complete these sentences with time expressions.

1) I get up ___ six ___ the morning ___ weekdays.
2) I go to bed ___ midnight ___ weeknights.
3) I start work ___ 11:30 ___ night.
4) I have lunch ___ three ___ the afternoon ___ Fridays.
5) I stay up ________ 1:00 A.M ___ weekends.
6) I have a little snack ___ 9:00 ___ the evening.
7) I sleep _________ noon ___ Sundays.
2) Find the answers:

a) Do you have a tennis racket?
b) Does your father usually exercise?
c) Do they do yoga?
d) Does she go to the movies?
e) Does he live in So Jos?
f) Do you always help in class?
g) Does your sister play baseball?
h) Do you like to work out?
i) Do they go jogging?
j) Does your uncle do aerobics?
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( ) Yes, he does.
( ) Yes, I do.
( ) No, they dont . They do aerobics.
( ) No, I dont. Im a coach potato
( ) No, she plays racketball.
( ) Yes, they do. They go jogging after work.
( ) Yes, he works out twice a week.
( ) Yes, I always erase the board to the teacher.
( ) Yes, she does, she loves tom Cruises films.
( ) No, he doesnt. My aunt does it.
3) Complete the conversation with the correct preposition.
Susan: What time do you go jogging ___________ the morning Jerry?

(Around / in / on)
Jerry: I always go jogging ___________ seven oclock. How about you, Susan?
(At /for /on)
Susan: I usually go jogging ___________ noon. I jog ___________ about an hour.
(Around / in / with)
(at / for / until)
Jerry: And do you also play sports ___________ your free time?
(At / in / until)
Susan: Not very often. I usually go out ___________ my classmates in my free time.
What about you?
(Around / for / with)
Jerry: I go to the gym ___________ Mondays and Wednesdays. And sometimes

(At / on / until)
I go bicycling ___________ weekends. ( for / in / on)
Susan: Wow! You really like stay in shape.
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4) Choose the correct response:
1. A: HOW OFTEN DO YOU GO SWIMMING, LINDA?

B: ____________________________________________
a) I guess Im Ok
a) Once a week
b) About an hour
2. A: HOW LONG DO YOU SPEND IN THE SWIMMING POOL?
B: ____________________________________________
a) I guess Im Ok
b) Once a week
c) About an hour
3. A: AND HOW WELL DO YOU SWIM?
B: ____________________________________________
a) I guess Im Ok
b) Once a week
c) About an hour
4. A: HOW GOOD ARE YOU AT OTHER SPORTS ?
B: ____________________________________________
a) Not good, actually.

b) I sometimes play twice a week.
c) Pretty well, I guess.
5. A: HOW MUCH TIME DO YOU SPEND WORKING OUT?
B: ____________________________________________
a) Not very often
b) Around an hour a day.
c) About three miles twice a week.
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5) Put the verbs from the box in the PRESENT SIMPLE. Use each verb once.
LEAVE
START
ARRIVE
GET
WATCH
WORK
BRUSH
EAT
HAVE
LIKE
GO
STOP
DRINK
TAKE
Mary: How do you start the day, Jim?

Jim:
Well, I ___________ up at six oclock. I get washed and dressed, and I have
breakfast at seven oclock. After breakfast, I ___________ my teeth. I

___________ to work at eight.
Mary:
Jim:
When do you get to work?

I usually ___________ at my office at about half past eight. First, I
___________ a cup of coffee, and then I ___________ work at 8:45 am.

Mary: Where do you work?
Jim:
__________ in a bank. Im a computer operator. I ___________ my job. Its
very interesting.
Mary: When do you eat a lunch?
Jim:
I ___________ work and I have lunch at one oclock. I ___________ a cup
of tea at half past three.

Mary:
Jim:
When d you finish work?

I ___________ the office at six oclock. I _____ dinner when I get home.
Then I ___________ TV for an hour or two.
6) Make a composition describing WHAT DO YOU USUALLY DO ON YOUR

WEEK?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
17
___________________________________________________________________
________________________________
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UNIT 3 How much is it?
1) Conversation Theyre perfect for you.

Steve: Oh, look at those earrings, Maria.Theyre perfect for you.

Maria: These red ones? Im not sure.
Steve: No, the yellow ones.
Maria: Oh, these? Hmm. Yellow isnt really a good color for me.
Steve: Well, that necklace isnt bad.
Maria: Which one?
Steve: That blue one right there. How much is it?
Maria: Its $42! Thats expensive!
Steve: Hey, let me get it for you. Its your birthday present. Happy Birthday!!
b) Listen to the rest of the conversation. What else do they buy? Who pays for it?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________
2) Speaking You and your partner are going to create a dialogue similar exercise 1.
After you are going to present to the class.
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3) Grammar Focus Demonstratives one/ones.
How much is this necklace?
Which one?
How much is this one?
Its $42.
The blue one.
How much is that bracelet?
Which one?
How much is that one?
Its $35.
The silver one.
How much are these earrings?
Which ones?
How much are these?
Theyre $60.
The gold ones.
How much are those boots?
Which ones?
How much are those?
Theyre $300.
The leather ones.
Prices: $42. = forty two dollars.

$59.95 = fifty nine ninety five
OR
$59.95 = fifty nine dollars and ninety five cents.
- Complete the conversations and practice with a partner.

1)
A: Excuse me. How much are those jeans?

B: Which ____? Do you mean ________?
A: No, the light blue _____.
B: Oh, _______ are $95.
A: Almost $100! Are you Kidding?
2)
A: I like ______ backpack over there.

How much _____ it?
B: Which _____?
A: The red ____.
B: Its $27.49 But ______ green _____ is only $22.25.
A: Ok. Let me see it, please.
20
Useful expressions:
-
Thats expensive.
Thats reasonable.
Thats OK/not bad.
Thats expensive.
4) Snapshot
- The meaning of colors in The United States.
Blue = truthful
green = jealous
yellow = happy
Orange = fun
red = exciting
pink = loving
Purple = mysterious
brown = friendly
black = sad
Gray = boring
white = pure
beige = calm
Which words have a positive meaning? Which ones have a negative?
What meaning do these colors have for you?
What does your favorite color make you think of?
Vocabulary:
-
truthful = honest
jealous = unhappy because you want someones things
mysterious = strange and difficult to understand
friendly = nice to other people; sociable
pure = very clean
5) Grammar Focus Preferences comparisons with adjectives.
Which one do you prefer?

I prefer the leather one.
That one is cheaper than the wool one.

This one is nicer than the plastic one.
Which one do you like better/more?

I like the cotton one better.
I like the silk one more.
The leather jacket is better than the wool one.

The plastic boots are worse than the rubber ones.
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Short adjectives comparisons

big
bigger
cheap
cheaper
nice
nicer
pretty
prettier
ugly
uglier
good
better
bad
worse
far
farther
Long adjectives - comparisons

expensive
more expensive
common
more common
beautiful
more beautiful
interesting
more interesting
hansome
more handsome
attractive
more attractive
Useful expressions:
- The color is prettier.
- The designer is nicer.
- The style is more attractive.
- The material is better.
- Complete the conversations and practice with a partner.

1) A: Which dress is _________ (pretty), the yellow one or the green one?
B: Well, the green one is silk. And silk is _______ ______________
(expensive)_________ polyester.
2) A: Is this blue T-shirt ________ _________ (larger) the red and white one?
B: No, the red and the white one is ________ (big).
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3) A: Look at these pants!

Which ones do you like _________ (good)?
B: I prefer the green cotton ones. Theyre _______ _________ ______ (stylish) the
wool one.
6) Pronunciation Sentence stress

- Listen and practice. Notice that the important words in a sentence have more stress.
Excuse me
Theyre perfect.
I like the blue one.
Theyre not very attractive.
EXERCISES:
1) Make questions to the answers:
a) _______________________________________________________
Yes, I am.
b) _______________________________________________________
No, she isnt.
c) _______________________________________________________
Yes, she is. She is in room 4 with Paul.
d) _______________________________________________________
Yes, they are.
e) _______________________________________________________
See you.
f) _______________________________________________________
My address is Cidade Jardim Avenue, number 223.
g) _______________________________________________________
Not at all.
h) _______________________________________________________
he is a dentist, not a doctor.
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2) Supply A or AN:
a) There is ____ automobile in the garage.
b) Today is ______ hot day.
c) My sister is in New York in _____ beautiful house.
d) There is _____ car in front of the church.
e) ______ woman is reading a book in the library.
f) There is ______ orange on the table.
g) There is _____ man at the door.
h) George was in his room _____ hour ago.
i) Harvard is _____ university.
j) This is ____ old car.
3) Change to the plural form:

a) The car is black. _________________________________________
b) An orange is delicious. ___________________________________
c) A man is Chinese. _______________________________________
d) The box is empty. _______________________________________
e) The child is my sister. ____________________________________
f) It is a difficult exercise. ___________________________________
4) Answer the questions with complete answers:

a) What are your three more favorite fruits?
_____________________________________________________
b) Tell me five names of vegetables?
_____________________________________________________
c) Whats your phone number?
_____________________________________________________
d) Whats your address?
_____________________________________________________
e) Who is she?
_____________________________________________________
f) Are you married or single?
_____________________________________________________
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g) Where are you from?

_____________________________________________________
h) Do you live in a house or in an apartment?
_____________________________________________________
i) Where do you live?
_____________________________________________________
j) Are you Toni Bravo?
_____________________________________________________
k) Is your friend in Canada? (Brazil)
_____________________________________________________
l) Are they reading a book in French? (Spanish)
_____________________________________________________
m) When is your birthday?
_____________________________________________________
n) Whats your sign?
_____________________________________________________
o) What are the four Meals?
_____________________________________________________
p) What are the months of the year?
_____________________________________________________
q) What are the seasons of the year?
_____________________________________________________
r) What are the days of the week?
_____________________________________________________
s) Is Carnival in April?
_____________________________________________________
t) Is Easter in February?
_____________________________________________________
5) Complete with THIS/THAT or THESE/THOSE:
a) _____________ is my friend.
b) _____________ are Johns books.
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c) _____________ is a beautiful picture.

d) Is ___________ your book?
e) Are __________ the old buildings?
f) Mom, ________ are my new friends from school.
g) _____________ flowers are very beautiful.
h) Are __________ the cds you told me?
i) Look! _________ is your street.
j) What is _________ under the bed?
6) Put the sentences into the singular form:
a) These are your sisters.

______________________________
b) Those books are very difficult.
______________________________
c) Who are those students?
______________________________
d) Those ladies are my teachers.
______________________________
e) The photos are on the table.
______________________________
f) My cousins are engineers.
______________________________
g) These Knives arent good.

______________________________
h) The children are in the park.
______________________________
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7) Choose the correct words to complete these conversations:
a) A: Good Afternoon.
B: Oh, Hi. How much is ___________ (this/these) watch?
A: Its $195.
B: And how much is that ________? (one/ones).
A: __________ (its/theyre) $255.
b) A: Excuse me. How much are ___________ (that/those) jeans?
B: ___________ (its/theyre) only $59.
A: And how much is _________ (this/these) sweater?
B: Which ___________ (one/ones)? Theyre all different.
A: I like this green ___________. (one/ones)
B: _________ (its/theyre) $56.
A; Well, thats not bad.
c) A: I like _________ (that/those) sunglasses over there.
B: Which __________?(one/ones)
A: The small brown _________. (one/ones)
B: ___________ (its/theyre) $321.
A: Oh, theyre expensive!
8) Make comparisons using the words given. Add THAN if necessary.
a) These cotton gloves are nice.

Yes, but the leather ones are _______________ (nice).
Theyre also _________________ (expensive).
b) Those silk jackets look _______________ (attractive) the wool ones.
Yes, but the wool ones are ____________ (warm).
c) This purple shirt is an interesting color!
Yes, but the color is ____________ (pretty) the design.
The design isnt bad.
I think the design on that red shirt is ___________ (good) the design
on
this
purple one.
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d) Hey, look at this gold ring! Its nice. And its _________ (cheap) that silver ring.
But its ___________________ (small) the silver one.
Well, yeah. The silver one is _________________ (big) the gold one.
But look at the price tag. One thousand dollars is a lot of money for a
ring!
9) Answer the questions:
a) How much are the jeans in C&A? ____________________________

b) How much is the school? ___________________________________
c) How much are the leather jacket? _____________________________
d) Are the gold ring cheaper than the silver one? ___________________
e) Is a silk T-shirt more expensive than a wool one? ________________
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UNIT 4 Do you like rap?
1) Conversation I really like pop music.

a) - Listen and practice.
Tom: Do you like rap, Liz?

Liz: No, I dont like it very much. Do you?
Tom: Yeah, I do. Im a big fan of Eminem.
Liz: I think I know him. Does he play the piano?
Tom: The piano? No, he doesnt. Hes a singer.
Liz: Oh, I guess I dont Know much about rap.
Tom: So, what kind of music do you like?
Liz: I really like pop music.
Tom: Whos your favorite singer?
Liz: Celine Dion. I love her voice. Do you like her?
Tom: No, I dont. I dont like pop music very much.
b) - Listen to the rest of the conversation.

Who is Lizs favorite group? Does Tom like
that group? Why or why not?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________
2) Speaking Entertainment survey.

- Write five questions about entertainment and entertainers. Then practice with your
partner.
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Example:
-
Do you like..? (pop, rock, samba, gospel)
What Kind of movie (film) do you like? (horror, country, drama)
What Kind of TV program do you like? (talk show, cartoon, soap opera, film)
What Kind of music do you like? (rap, classic, reggae)
3) Grammar Focus Yes/No and WH questions with DO and DOES.
Do you like rap?
What Kind of music do you like?
Yes, I do. I like it a lot.
I like rock a lot.
No, I dont like it very much.
Does he play the piano?
What does he play?
Yes, he does.
He plays the guitar.
No, he doesnt.
Do they like the Beatles?
Who do they like?
Yes, they do. They love them.
They like U2
No, they dont like them very much.
Personal
Object pronouns:
me
You
you
He
him
She
her
It
it
We
us
They
them
30
4) Snapshot Music Sales in The United States.
Rock 25%
Rap 14%
Pop 11%
Country 9%
Gospel 7%
Jazz 4%
Classical 3%
Other 27%
which of these kinds of music are popular in your country?
What other kinds of music are popular in Brazil?
5) Grammar Focus Would verb+ to +verb.

Would you like to go out on Friday night?
Contraction
Yes, I would.
Id = I would
Yes, Id love to. Thanks.

Yes, Id really like to go.
Oh, thanks, but I cant.
Would you like to go to the movies with me?

Id like to, but I have to work late.
Id like to, but I need to save money.
Id love to,but I want to visit my parents.
6) Pronunciation Intonation in questions.

- Listen and practice. Yes/No questions usually have rising intonation. WH
questions usually have falling intonation.
Do you like pop music?
What kind of music do you like?
Do you like TV?
What videos do you like?
Do you play a musical instrument?
What programs do you like?
(rising intonation)
(falling intonation)
31
EXERCISES:
1) Read the text and answer the questions:
I am a very nice person. I like to help people and to study a lot. I have many friends,
but Susie is the best one. She is very beautiful, tall, middle weight, she has blue eyes and
long straight black hair. Oh, she wears glasses. We always go out to the shopping or to
amusement parks.
My life is complicated, because I have many things to do and I dont have much time.
I have to get up very early to go to work, and after I go to school, until eleven oclock.
My plans for the future are simple, but I hope to do everything that I plan. First of all
Id like to get a good job, to save money and buy my own house and my own car. I hope
to travel to the United States to study there, if possible, do university there. I dont know
how, but I plan this!
a) Who is writing is: ( ) a girl
( ) a boy
b) This person is: (
( ) sad
c) Her life is: (
) happy
) easy
d) She thinks a lot about the: (
( ) a woman
) a man
( ) difficult
) future
( ) present
2) Complete the paragraph with verbs in the SIMPLE PRESENT:
I _____________________ (finish) work very late every day. It _____________ (be)

about nine oclock p.m. I __________________ (go) to my house, ________________
(take) a shower, _____________ (have) dinner and ________________ (go) to bed. I
_________________ (dream) a lot with my little dog. In my dream he _______________
(eat) the chicken I ________________ (put) on the table and ________________ (drink)
the soda that I ________________ (like) too much. My dog Johnson is a very nice one.
32
3)Complete the sentences with the verbs in the SIMPLE PRESENT:
a) He_____________________ (leave) from his house at 9 o`clock every day

b) She_____________________(visit) the Central Park once a month.
c) I _______________________(read) many books by Jorge Amado.
d) I _______________________(finish) my homeworks in the evening.
e) I ______________________(do) many exercises three times a week that my
gymnastics teacher asked.
f) They___________________(travel) to So Paulo twice a month.
g) We ____________________(need) to _____________(clean) the house.
h) You ___________________(speak) English very well.
i) She____________________(study) Spanish twice a week at noght.
j) He_____________________(eat) salad with meat at lunch every day.
4) Respond to the invitations and write more invitations for the given responses.
a) A: I have tickets to the baseball game on Saturday. Would you like to go?
B: _____________________________________________.
b) A: Would you like to come over for dinner tomorrow night?
B: _____________________________________________.
c) A: Would you like to go to a pop concert with me this weekend?
B: _____________________________________________.
d) A: Would you like to go shopping at Vale Sul Shopping with me this afternoon?
B: _____________________________________________.
e) A: Would you like to watch a film with me at movies?
B: _____________________________________________.
f) A: Would you like to go to my friends birthday with me and my parents?
B: ____________________________________________.
g) A: ____________________________________________.
B: Yes, Id love to. Thanks.
h) A: ____________________________________________.
B: Well, Id like to, but I have to study.
33
i) A: ____________________________________________.
B: Yes, thank you. Id really like to see it.
j) A: ____________________________________________.
B: Id really love to, but I have to help my mother to clean the house.
K) A: ___________________________________________.
B: Oh! Sorry! Id like so much, but I have to make food.
5) Write a text message like people send on cell phone. What does this message say?
Example: LIKE 2 C A MOVIE 2NITE?
TEXT MESSAGE ABBREVIATIONS

M = AM
L8 = late
U = you
W8 = wait
R = are
GR8 = great
C = see
THX = thanks
4 = for
LUV = love
2 = to
NITE = night
YOUR MESSAGE: ______________________________________.
6) Put these sentences in the negative and affirmative form.
a) Does she like to practice exercises?

_______________________________________________________.
_______________________________________________________.
b) Do you do your homework every day?
_______________________________________________________.
_______________________________________________________.
c) Do they clean the house together?
_______________________________________________________.
_______________________________________________________.
34
d) Does he ride a horse in his farm?

_______________________________________________________.
_______________________________________________________.
e) Do you work out three times a week?
_______________________________________________________.
_______________________________________________________.
f) Does he study math at college?
_______________________________________________________.
_______________________________________________________.
g) Does she take care your baby on the weekend?
_______________________________________________________.
_______________________________________________________.
7) Answer these questions with YES and NO.
a) Do you like rock music? ___________________________________.

_______________________________.
b) Does your mother cook very well? ___________________________.
______________________.
c) Do they dance at the club twice a week? _____________________.
_________________________.
d) Does he need to do exercises? _____________________________.

_____________________________.
e) Do we go together to Rio de Janeiro? _______________________.
_____________________________.
35
UNIT 5 FAMILY
1) Conversation Asking about families.

a) Listen and Practice.
Rita: Tell me about your brother and sister, Sue.

Sue: Well, my sister works for the government.
Rita: Oh, what does she do?
Sue: Im not sure. Shes working on a very secret
project right now.
Rita Wow! And what about your brother?
Sue: Hes a wildlife photographer.
Rita: What an interesting family! Can I meet them?
Sue: Oh, no. My sisters away. Shes not working in
the United States this month.
Rita: And your brother?
Sue: Hes traveling in the Amazon.
b) Listen to the rest of the conversation.

Where do Ritas parents live? What do they do?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________
2) Speaking Family people.
Grandparents
Grandfather
grandmother
36
Parents
Father
Mother
Brother
sister
Son
daughter
aunt
uncle
cousin
relatives
niece
nephew
wife
husband
mother in law
father in law
sister in law
brother in law
daughter in law
son in law
granddaughter
grandson
stepfather
stepmother
stepson
stepdaughter
Godfather
Godmother
great grandparents
great granddaughter
great grandson
Discuss with your partner about these questions:

1) Is anyone in your family traveling right now?
2) Do you have any relative that is living abroad?
3) Is anyone moving to a new house or city?
4) Is anyone studying a foreign language?
5) Do you have any relative that is going to high school or college?
37
3) Grammar Focus Present Continuous.
Are you living at home now?
Yes, I am.
No, Im not.
Is your sister working for the government? Yes, she is.

No, shes not / No, she isnt.
Are Ed and Jill going to college this year? Yes, they are.
No, theyre not / No, they arent.
Where are you working now?
Im not working. I need a job.
What is your brother doing these days? Hes traveling in the Amazon.
Who are your parents visiting this week? Theyre visiting my grandmother.
STRUCTURE:
Subject + Verb to BE + main verb + ING + complement.
4) Snapshot - Typical Families
Facts about the United States

-
41% of homes have three or more televisions.
63% of families almost always eat dinner together.
55% of mothers with young children work.
78% of high school students have jobs.
74% of adults between the ages of 18-35 marry.
27% of adults between the ages of 18-34 live with their parents.
38
Facts about Brasil
Describe what do you think about these percentual in Brasil.
What are families like in Brasil?
Which facts seem negative and which facts seem positive.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________
5) Grammar Focus Quantifiers
100% - All
Nearly all - families have only one child.
Most
70%
Many
A lot of families are smaller these days.
Some
40%
Not many
A few -
0%
couples have more than one child.
Few
No one gets married before the age of 18.
- Rewrite these sentences using quantifiers. Then compare with a partner.
1) In China, 50% of women get married by the age of 22.

________________________________________________________.
________________________________________________________.
2) In Australia, 87% of married couples have children.
________________________________________________________.
________________________________________________________.
39
3) In The USA, 0% of the people vote before the age of 18.

________________________________________________________.
________________________________________________________.
4) 35% of the people in Germany live alone.
________________________________________________________.
________________________________________________________.
6) Pronunciation Intonation in statements.

- Listen and Practice. Notice that statements usually have falling intonation.
Im working in Singapore. Shes waiting at the bus stop. Theyre living at home.
EXERCISES:
1) Insert A AN or THE if necessary.
a) Do you take ______ sugar in ______ coffee?
b) Mr. Miller is ______________ old doctor and ____ honest man.
c) I have _____ hour for ______ lunch.
d) He broke ____ leg in _____ accident.
e) _____ youngest boy in ____ class in _____ her mother.
f) _____ cats can see in ______ dark.
g) ____ he went to _____ prison for _____ year.
h) ______Browns are going to cross _____ Atlantic by plane.
i) I am going to _____ prison to visit him.
j) _______ Dorothy goes to ___________ school in ________ morning, and to _______
church in _____ afternoon.
2) Answer these questions about yourself. Write complete sentences.

a) Are you doing anything tomorrow night?
______________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
40
b) What are you going to do tonight?

_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
c) Do you plan to take an English class next semester?
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
d) What do you do every morning?
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
e) Where does your father go on his vacation?
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
f) What would you like to eat and drink now?
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
g) May I help you?
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
h) What places should I visit in Curitiba?
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
i) Would you like to go to the movies on Saturday night?
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
3) Complete each conversation. Use the present continuous:

a) A: What ________________________ this Sunday afternoon? (to do)
b) B: Im not doing anything on Sunday. Would you like to do something?
c) A: Is your sister coming to the picnic tomorrow?
d) B: Yes, ____________________________________. (to come)
e) A: Where ___________________________________ this summer vacation? (to go)
f) B: My parents are going to France this summer. They really want to see Paris.
41
g) A: When _______________________? (to play tennis)

h) B: _________________________________ on Friday morning. Do you want to play,
too? (to play it)
4) Fill in with DO DOES DONT DOESNT

a) She _________________ believe in good luck charms.
b) _________ Paul like to read about science?
c) Some gases ____________ contribute to air pollution.
d) A broken mirror and a black cat ____________ bring good luck.
e) __________ modern man believe in old superstitions?
f) Many buildings ___________ have the thirteenth floor.
g) My car _____________ produce solid waste. It produces gas.
h) What _____________ the greenhouse effect mean?
i) My dogs ____________ walk alone in the park at night.
j) _________ cars produce methane gas?
5) Rewrite these sentences using determiners: few - not many - some- many - nearly
all - all
In China, 50 % of women get married by the age of 22.
In China, many women get married by the age of 22.
a) About 5 % of Americans use public transportation to get to work.
______________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________
b) In the U.S., 80 % of divorced people get married again.

______________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________
42
c) Thirty percent of American mothers return to work one year after having a baby.
______________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________
d) d) 98% of homes in the U.S. have at least one color TV set.

______________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
6) Write a composition about your routine and places that you would like to visit
using DO DOES VERB TO BE WOULD.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
43
UNIT 6 How often do you exercise?
1) Conversation I hardly ever exercise

Marie: Youre really fit, Paul. Do you exercise a lot?

Paul: Well, I almost always get up early, and I lift weights for an hour.
Marie: Seriously?
Paul: Sure. And then I often go in-line skating.
Marie: Wow! How often do you exercise like that?
About five times a week. What about you?
Marie: Oh, I hardly ever exercise. I usually just watch TV in my free time.
I guess Im a real couch potato!
b) Listen to the rest of the conversation. What else does Paul do in his free time?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________
Vocabulary:
Seriously = really!!!
Couch potato = a person who watches a lot of TV and is not very active.
Fitness freak = a person who likes to practice exercises many hours a day.
44
2) Speaking Fitness poll

Take a poll in couple. One person asks first and after cha nge.
1)
Do you have a regular fitness program?
2)
How often do you exercise?
3)
Do you ever go to a gym?
4)
How often do you go?
5)
What do you do there?
6)
Do you play any sports?
7)
Which ones?
8)
How often do you play them?
9)
Do you eve take long walks?
10)
How often and where do you go?
11)
What else do you do to keep fit?
3) Grammar Focus Adverbs of frequency

How often do you exercise? Do you ever watch TV in the evening?
I lift weights every day.
Yes, I often watch TV after dinner.
I go jogging once a week.
I sometimes watch TV before bed.
I play soccer twice a week.
Sometimes I watch TV before bed.
I swim about three times a year.

I dont exercise very often/much.
I hardly ever watch TV

No, I never watch TV.
OBS: Somestimes before and after the subject.
45
100% - always
almost always
usually
often
sometimes
hardly ever
almost never
never
4) Snapshot The top five SPORTS and FITNESS ACTIVITIES.
SPORTS
FITNESS ACTIVITIES
- Basketball
- Weight training (musculao)
- Volleyball
- Treadmill (esteira)
- Softball
- Stretching (alongamento)
- Football
- Walking
- Soccer
- Jogging
Do people in Brasil enjoy any of these sports or activities?
Check the sports or fitness activities you enjoy.
Make a list of other sports or activities you do.
5) Grammar Focus Questions with how - short answers
How often do you work out?
- Every day
How well do you play tennis?
- Pretty well
- Twice a week
- About average
- Not very often
- Not very well
How long do you spend at the gym?

-
Thirty minutes a day.
Two hours a week.
About an hour on weekends.

46
How good are you at sports?

-
Pretty good
OK
Not so good
6) Pronunciation Intonation with direct address.

- Listen and practice. Notice these statements with direct address. There is usually
falling intonation and a pause before the name.
Youre really fit, Paul.
She looks tired, James.
I feel great, Dr. Lee.
EXERCISES:

a) How often do you go out with your friends?
____________________________________________________________
b) How long do you spend at the job?
____________________________________________________________
c) How well do you play basketball?
____________________________________________________________
d) How good are you at video games?
____________________________________________________________
e) Do you have a regular fitness program? How often do you exercise?
____________________________________________________________
f) How often do you take long walk? Where do you usually go?
____________________________________________________________
47
2) Put the adverbs in the correct place:
a) What do you do on Saturday morning? (usually)

____________________________________________________________
b) Nothing much. I sleep until noon. (almost always)
____________________________________________________________
c) Do you go bicycling? (ever)
____________________________________________________________
d) Yeah, I go bicycling on Saturdays. (often)
____________________________________________________________
e) How often do you play sports? (usually)
____________________________________________________________
f) Well, I play tennis (twice a week)
___________________________________________________________
g) What do you do after class? (usually)
____________________________________________________________
h) I go out with my classmates. (about three times a week)
____________________________________________________________
i) How often do you exercise? (usually)
____________________________________________________________
j) I exercise. (seldom)
____________________________________________________________
3) Arrange these words to make sentences.

a) go never I almost bicycling
____________________________________________________________
b) hardly they tennis play - ever
____________________________________________________________
c) go do often jogging how - you
____________________________________________________________
48
d) often mornings do on we yoga - Sunday

____________________________________________________________
e) ever Charles do does - aerobics
____________________________________________________________
f) do on you what usually Saturdays - do
____________________________________________________________
4) Read each conversation and complete the question.

a) A: How ___________________________________ exercise?
B: Not very often. I exercise only about an hour on Saturday morning.
b) A: Do _____________________________________________?
B: No, I never drive to school. I ride my bicycle most of the time.
c) A: What ________________usually ___________________________?
B: I usually stay home on the weekend. I often have lots to do around the house.
d) A: How ______________________________________________ at tennis?
B: Well, I guess Im pretty good. I played on the tennis team in school.
e) A: How _________________________________ spend working out?
B: Oh, I spend about two hours every day at the gym. Im a real fitness freak!
5) Write questions for these statements. Use HOW OFTEN DO YOU? DO YOU
EVER? WHAT DO YOU USUALLY.?
a) _________________________________________________________
Yes, I often exercise on weekends.
b) _________________________________________________________
Well, I usually do Karate on Saturdays and yoga on Sundays.
c) _________________________________________________________
No, I never go to the gym after work.
d) _________________________________________________________
I dont exercise very often at all.
49
e) _________________________________________________________
Yes, I sometimes play sports on weekends usually baseball.
f) _________________________________________________________
I usually play tennis in my free time.
6) Choose the correct responses:

a) How often do you go swimming, Linda?
( ) I guess Im OK.
( ) Once a week.
( ) About an hour.
b) How long do you spend in the swimming pool?

( ) About 45 minutes.
( ) About average.
( ) About three miles.
c) And how well do you swim?

( ) Im not very well.
( ) I almost never do.
( ) Im about average.
d) How good are you at other sports?

( ) Not too good, actually.
( ) I sometimes play twice a week.
( ) Pretty well, I guess.
e) How much time do you spend working out?

( ) Not very often.
( ) Around an hour a day.
( ) About three miles twice a week.
50
UNIT 7 We had a great time!
1) Conversation How was your vacation?

a) - Listen and Practice.
Celia: Hi, Don. How was your vacation?

Don: It was excellent! I went to Hawaii with my cousin. We had a great time.
Celia: Lucky you. How long were you there?
Don: About a week.
Celia: Fantastic! Was the weather OK?
Don: Not really. It was cloudy most of the time. But we went surfing every day.
The waves were amazing.
Celia: So, what was the best thing about the trip?
Don: Well, something incredible happened.
You wont believe it.
b)- Listen to the rest of the conversation. What happened?

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________
2) Speaking On Vacation
a) - Ask to a partner about his or her last vacation.
-
Where did you spend your last vacation?
How long were you away?
Who were you with?
What did you do there?

51
How was the weather? The food?
Do you want to go there again?
b) Now the partner is going to tell to the class who had an interesting vacation.
3) Grammar Focus Simple Past

- Did you work on Saturday?
Yes, I did. I worked all day.
No, I didnt. I didnt work at all.
- Did you go anywhere last weekend?

Yes, I did. I went to the movies.
No, I didnt. I didnt go anywhere.
- What did Rick do on Saturday?

He stayed home and studied for a test.
- How did Meg spend her weekend?
She went to a Karaoke bar and sang with some friends.
REGULAR VERBS
IRREGULAR VERBS
Work worked
do did
Invite invited
forget forgot
Study studied
have had
Stop stopped
go went
Play played
sing sang
Need needed
spend - spent
Listen listened
understand understood
Visit - visited
come - came
52
4 Snapshot In their free time

The top eight Leisure time Activities in The United States.
read
watch TV
spend time with family
fish
do gardening
play sports
go to the movies
spend time with friends
1) What are the activities you do in your free time?

2) List three other activities you do in your free time.
3) Put the activities you do in order from your favorite to your least favorite.
5) Grammar Focus Past of verb to BE
Were you in Hawaii?
Yes, I was
Was the weather OK?
No, it wasnt.
Were you and your cousin on vacation?
Yes, we were.
Were your parents there?
No, they werent.
How long were you away?
I was away for a week.
How was your vacation?
It was excellent.
Contractions:
wasnt = was not
werent = were not
6) Pronunciation Reduction of DID YOU

- Listen and Practice. Notice how DID YOU is reduced in the following questions.
Did you have a good time?
What did you do last night?

53
EXERCISES:
1) Complete these conversations. Then practice with a partner.

A: _____ you_______(stay) home on Sunday?
B: No, I _______ (call) my friend. We _______ (drive) to a restaurant for lunch.
A: How _____ you _______ (spend) your last birthday?

B: I ______ (have) a party. Everyone ________ (enjoy) it, but the neighbors
________ (not, like) the noise.
A: What _____ you ______ (do) last night?

B: I _______ (go) to the new Stallone film, Rambo V. I ______
(love) it!
A: ______ you ______ (do) anything special over the weekend?

B: Yes, I _____. I ______ (go) shopping. Unfortunately, I ______ (spend) all my
money. Now Im broke!
A: ______ you ______ (go) out on Saturday night?
B: No, I ______ . I _________ (invite) friends over, and We_______
(eat)
pizza together.
2) Answer these questions:

a) Did you go to the movies yesterday?
_________________________________________________________
b) Did you have homework last class?
_________________________________________________________
c) What did you do yesterday?
_________________________________________________________
d) Did you make your own breakfast this morning?
_________________________________________________________
54
e) How was your weekend?

_________________________________________________________
f) Did you travel on Thrusday?
_________________________________________________________
g) Were you at school last night?
_________________________________________________________
h) Was your mother making food yesterday?
_________________________________________________________
i) Were your brothers with you yesterday morning?
_________________________________________________________
3) Complete the paragraph with verbs in the SIMPLE PAST:

I _________ (finish) work very late yesterday. It _______(be) about nine oclock p.m. I
________ (go) to my house, ___________ (take) a shower, _____________ (have) dinner
and ___________ (go) to bed. I _______ (dream) a lot with my little dog. In my dream he
_________ (eat) the chicken I _________ (put) on the table and __________ (drink) the
soda that I _________ (leave) there too. My dog Johnson is a very nice one.
4) Complete these conversations. Then practice with a partner.

A: How long _______ your parents in Europe?
B: They ______ there for two weeks.
A: ______ they in London the whole time?

B: No, they ______ . They also went to Paris.
A: ______ you in Los Angeles last weekend?

B: No, I ______ . I ______ in Mexico.
A: How _____ it?

B: It _____ great! But it ______ cloudy and windy as usual.
55
A: ______ you away last week?

B: Yes, I ______ in New York.
A: Really! How long _____ you there?
B: For almost a week. I _____ there on business.
5) Complete this story using the past tense:

I ___________(have) a great day last Saturday. In the morning, my best friend and I
_________ (drive) to the City Museum where we _______ (see) a wonderful art
exhibit. Then we _________ (go) bicycling in the park all afternoon. I __________
(arrive) in my house and _________ (do) my homework, because my teacher is always
nervous when I don't do it. I _________ (play) video-game too. What fun! After
dinner, we _________ (watch) an old movie on TV. It was really a wonderful day!
6) Write a composition about your CHILDHOOD.

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
7) Put these sentences in negative and affirmative form.

a) Did you practice exercises last night?
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
b) Did she dance in the contest at the club?
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
56
c) Did they travel to So Paulo yesterday?

_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
d) Were you in your mothers house last Sunday?
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
e) Was your father working a lot in his job?
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
f) Did he cook for her last Saturday?
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
g) Were they with you yesterday?
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
h) Did she study for the test?
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
i) Was you with me last night?
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
j) Did your father take care of you when you were a child?__________________________
____________________________________________________________
k) Did we go skiing last winter? _____________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
57
UNIT 8 What s your neighborhood like?
1) Conversation Im your new neighbor.

- Listen and Practice
Jack: Excuse me. Im your new neighbor, Jack. I just moved in.
Mrs. Day:
Oh. Yes?
Jack:
Im looking for a grocery store. Are there any around here?
Mrs. Day:
Yes, there are some on Pine Street.
Jack:
Oh, good. And is there a laundromat near here?
Mrs. Day:
Well, I think theres one across from the shopping center.
Jack:
Thank you.
Mrs. Day:
By the way, theres a barber shop in the shopping center, too.
Jack:
A barber shop?
2) Speaking My neighborhood
- Follow the example and ask to your partner about his/her neighborhood. One ask,
other answer and after change. Choose 6 places.
Example: Is there a good bookstore in your neighborhood?
Yes, there is a very good one across from the park.
PLACES: bookstore
Drugstore
coffee shop
gym
dance club
Internet Caf
Karaoke bar library
movie theater
Music store park
restaurant
Church
bank
University
school
Stationery
museum
Police district snackbar
college
parking lot
aquarium
pub
58
3) Grammar Focus There is/There are

one/any/some.
Is there a Laundromat near here?
Yes, there is. Theres one across from the shopping center.
No, there isnt, but theres one next to the cinema.
Are there any grocery stores around here?

Yes, there are. There are some nice stores on 5th Avenue.
No, there arent, but there are some on 4th Street.
No, there arent any around here.
PREPOSITIONS:
On next to near/close across from/opposite in front of - under
In back of/behind between on the corner (of) beside - above
4) Snapshot Common Complaints about neighbors.
NOISE
My neighbors dog barks all night.

My neighbor always has loud parties.
PRIVACY - The kids next door always play in my yard.

My neighbor visits every day. Its too much!
ANIMAL PROBLEMS My neighbors cats go everywhere

My neighbor has six dogs. Its a zoo!
CLEANLINESS My neighbor has garbage in front yard.

My neighbor never cuts the grass.
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5) Grammar Focus
Quantifiers: - How many and How much
COUNT NOUNS
NONCOUNT NOUNS
Are there many restaurants?
Is there much crime?
Yes, there are a lot.
Yes, there is a lot.
Yes, there are a few.
Yes, theres a little.
No, there arent many.
No, there isnt much.
No, there arent any.
No, there isnt any.
No, there are none.
No, theres none.
How many restaurants are there?
How much crime is there?
There are seven in SJCampos.
There is a lot of crime.
6) Pronunciation Reduction of there is/

there are.
-
Listen and practice. Notice how THERE IS and THERE ARE are reduced in
conversation, except for short answers.
Is there a Laundromat near here?

Yes, there is. Theres one across from the shopping center.
Are there any grocery stores around here?

Yes, there are. There are some on Pine Street.
EXERCISES:
1) Complete the sentences below using the most appropriate verb from the box:
Swim do work visit watch - live
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a) They continued __________________________ together after they got married.

b) We had just started _____________________ the film when the telephone rang.
c) After five years here, I appreciate _______________________ in Brazil.
d) I cant resist ___________________ . Its too hot today.
e) He intended ___________________ more places, but he had to come back to Brazil.
f) The students havent finished ________________the exercises yet.
2) Supply MANY or MUCH:

a) There arent _______________ devices available at the hospital.
b) How _________ money do you have to pay the doctor?
c) I cant donate too _______ blood because Im not feeling well.
d) Have they studied __________ parts of the body?
e) After the accident, he had ___________ teeth broken.
f) Will he have ___________ work when he arrives in London?
3) Here are some people talking about themselves. Put the words from the box in the
gaps:
In front on on in under next at at above near
My name is Mike. I live _____ Manchester in England. I have a flat ____ the fifth floor
of an apartment block. My friend Paul lives _______ me in a flat ______ the sixth floor. I
know that hes ______ home now, because I can hear his music!
Hi! Im Sue. I live in Flat 22 and my sister lives ____ to me in Flat 23. Im a secretary
and because I live ____ my office, I can walk to work in 20 minutes. I start work ____ the
office at nine oclock.
Im Pete. Im not happy. Theres a train tunnel ____ my house, and a very busy road ___
of it. Im always tired because I dont sleep very much.
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4) Use there is or there are, any, some one and the prepositions on, beside, behind, in
front of, next to, between and across from.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
5) Answer the questions with Yes or No.

a) Are there many shoppings in So Jos dos Campos?
____________________________________________________________
b) Do the boys play in the group?
____________________________________________________________
c) Does Peter play football?
____________________________________________________________
d) Do you like to travel to Caragu?
____________________________________________________________
e) Do you prefer to study at night?
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____________________________________________________________
f) Were you at school last night?
____________________________________________________________
g) Was your mother making food yesterday?
____________________________________________________________
h) Were your brothers with you yesterday morning?
____________________________________________________________
i) Are the girls playing ping pong now?
____________________________________________________________
j) Is Carol swimming at the club now?
____________________________________________________________
K) Do you do the homework every day?
____________________________________________________________
L) Are you a good student?
____________________________________________________________
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UNIT 9 What does she look like?
1) Conversation Shes very tall.

a) Listen and practice.
Emily: I hear you have a new girlfriend, Randy.

Randy: Yes. Her names Ashley, and shes gorgeous!
Emily: Really? What does she look like?
Randy: Well, shes very tall.
Emily: How tall?
Randy: About 6 feet 2, I suppose.
Emily: Wow, that is tall. What color is her hair?
Randy: She has beautiful red hair.
Emily: And how old is she?
Randy: I dont know. She wont tell me.
b) - Listen to the rest of the conversation. What else do you learn about Ashley?
_________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
2) Speaking Write an e-mail describing a person and after tell to the class about this
student. The class is going to discover who is.
Characteristics:
HAIR: long, short, curly, straight, wavy, medium length, ponytail, bald, mustache
and beard.
AGE: young, middle aged, elderly.
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HEIGHT: short, fairly short, medium height, pretty tall, very tall, rather short, quite
tall.
LOOKS: thin, heavy, cute, beautiful, gorgeous.
Other: blue eyes, green eyes, dark eyes, brown eyes.
PERSONALITY: shy, friendly, talkative, quiet, nervous, good-looking, bad-looking,
pretty, handsome.
3) Grammar Focus Describing people.
GENERAL APPEARANCE
AGE
HEIGHT
What does she look like?
How old is she?
- Shes tall, with red hair.
Shes about 33.
- Shes gorgeous.
Shes in her thirties. Shes 6 feet 2.
Does he wear glasses?
How old is he?
- Yes, and he has a beard.
Hes in his twenties. Hes quite short.
How tall is she?

Shes 1 meter 88.
How tall is he?
HAIR
How long is her hair?
What color is his hair?
- Its medium length
Its dark/light brown.
- Its short hair
He has brown hair.
4) Snapshot Fashion on the street.

- List of the clothes.
Which clothing items do you wear almost every day?
What are three more things you like to wear?
Whats your style? Is it classic (always fashionable), cool (nice), casual (not
formal), funk or your own style?
65
5) Grammar Focus Modifiers with participles and prepositions.

PARTICIPLES
Whos Raoul?
Hes the man
Which one is Raoul? Hes the one
wearing a green shirt.

talking to Liz.
PREPOSITIONS
Whos Liz?
Shes the woman
with short black hair.
Which one is Julia?
Shes the tall one
in jeans.
Who are the Smiths?
Theyre the people next to the window.
Which ones are the Smiths? Theyre the ones
on the couch.
6) Pronunciation Contrastive stress in responses.

Listen and practice. Notice how the stress changes to emphasize a contrast.
Is Anthony the one wearing the red shirt?
- No, hes the one wearing the black hair.
Is Judy the woman on the couch?
- No, Diana is the woman on the couch.
Is Britney the one sitting next to Katy?

- No, shes the one standing next to Katy.
Is Donald the one on the couch?

-
No, hes the one behind the couch.
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EXERCISES:
1) Write questions to match these statements.

a) ____________________________________
My brother is 26.
b) ____________________________________
Im 173 cm (5 feet 8).
c) ____________________________________
Sharon has brown hair.
d) ____________________________________
No, she wears contact lenses.
e) ____________________________________
Hes tall and very good looking.
f) ____________________________________
My sisters hair is medium length.
g) ___________________________________
I have dark brown eyes.
2) Rewrite these statements using modifiers with participles or prepositions.

a) Clark is the tall guy. Hes wearing a button-down shirt and cargo pants.
___________________________________________________________
b) Peter and Louise are the good-looking couple. Theyre talking to Tom.
___________________________________________________________
c) Lynne is the young girl. Shes in a striped T-shirt and blue jeans.
___________________________________________________________
d) Paula is the attractive woman. Shes sitting to the left of Antonio.
___________________________________________________________
e) Robert is the serious-looking boy. Hes listening to his new salsa CD.
___________________________________________________________
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3) Write an email about yourself, describing your appearance and personality.

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

a) What does your mother look like?
____________________________________________________________
b) What does your father look like?
____________________________________________________________
c) What does your best friend look like?
____________________________________________________________
d) Does your father wear glasses?
___________________________________________________________
e) Do you wear glasses?
___________________________________________________________
f) What do you look like?
___________________________________________________________
g) How old are you?
___________________________________________________________
h) How tall are you?
___________________________________________________________
i) How long is your hair?
___________________________________________________________
5) Supply the correct form of the verbs in parentheses:

a) I never ______________ (see) Rachel at home.
b) Paul _______________ (have) two sisters.
c) He seldom ________________ (cross) the avenue at the corner.
d) Harold ________________ (not watch) television in his house.
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e) Irene ________________ (wash) and ________________ (dry) her hair in the

afternoon.
f) Richard always _____________ (bring) his sister to school.
g) Romeo _____________ (love) Juliet.
h) The children ___________ (kiss) their parents when they go out.
i) Carol and I often ________________ (play) volleyball at the beach.
69
UNIT 10 Have you ever ridden a camel?
1) Conversation A visit to New Orleans.

Jan: Its great to see you, Todd. Have you
been in New Orleans long?
Todd: Just a few days. Im really excited to be
here.
Jan: I cant wait to show you the city. Have
you been to a jazz club yet?
Todd: Yeah, Ive already been to one.
Jad: Oh. Well, how about a riverboat tour?
Todd: Uh, Ive already done one that, too.
_____________________________________
Jan: Have you ridden in a streetcar? Theyre a
_____________________________________
lot of fun.
_____________________________________
Todd: Actualy, thats how I got here today.
________________________
Jan: Well, is there anything you want to do?

Todd: You Know, I really just want to take it
Im excited about.
easy. My feet are killing me!
- Take it easy = relax

- My feet are killing me! = really
Vocabulary: - I cant wait it =
hurt!
- Streetcar = a passenger train
b)- Listen to the rest of the conversation.

What do they plan to do tomorrow?
2) Speaking Have you ever?

Ask to your partner about his/her activities.
- Have you ever gone abroad?

- Have you ever ridden a bicycle?
70
- Have you ever climbed a mountain?

- Have you ever driven a truck?
- Have you ever drunk an iced coffee?
- Have you ever lost you cell phone?
3) Grammar Focus Present perfect already, yet.
The present perfect is formed with the verb have + the past participle.
Have you been to a jazz club?
Yes, Ive been to several.
No, I havent been to one.
Has she ridden in a streetcar?
Yes, shes ridden in one.
No, she hasnt ridden in one.
Has he called hone lately?
Yes, hes called twice this week.
No, he hasnt called in months.

Have they eaten dinner yet?
Yes, theyve already eaten.
No, they havent eaten yet.
Contractions
Ive = I have
Hes = he has
You ve = you have Shes = she has
weve = we have
theyve = they have
Its = It is
Havent = have not
hasnt = has not
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4) Snapshot A Guide to Entertainment.
Sing in a karaoke bar
Try mountain biking
go to an Internet caf
go ice-skating
see a live concert
Which activities have you tried?
Which activities would you like to try? Why?
Make a list of other activities you would like to try.
5) Grammar Focus Present perfect vs simple past.

For and since.
Use the present perfect for an indefinite time in the past.

Use the simple past for a specific event in the past.
Have you ever eaten Moroccan food?
Yes, I have. I ate it once in Paris
No, I havent. I ve never eaten it.
Have you ever had green curry?
Yes, I have. I tried it several years ago
No, I havent. Ive never had it.
How long did you live in Thailand?

I lived there for two years. It was wonderful.
How long have you lived in Miami?

Ive lived here for six months. I love it here.
Ive lived here since last year. Im really happy here.
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EXPRESSIONS WITH FOR
EXPRESSIONS WITH SINCE
- two weeks
- 6h45
- a few months
- last weekend
- several years
- 1997
- a long time
- elementary school
- one year
- I was 10 years old
6) Pronunciation Linked sounds

- Listen and practice. Final /t/ and /d/ sounds in verbs are linked to the vowels that follow
them.
A: Have you cooked lunch yet?
A: Have you ever tried Cuban food?

/t/
B: Yes, Ive already cooked it.
/d/
B: Yes, I tried it once in Miami.
EXERCISES:
1) Ask and answer these questions. Use it in your responses. Pay attention to the linked
sounds.
a) Have you ever cut your hair?
__________________________________________________________
b) Have you ever tasted goat cheese?
__________________________________________________________
c) Have you ever tried Korean food?
__________________________________________________________
d) Have you brought your dictionary today?
__________________________________________________________
e) Have you read the latest Harry Potter book yet?
__________________________________________________________
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2) Put the verb into the correct form, Present Perfect or Simple Past:
a) A: Ben ____________________________________ (break) his leg.
B: Really? How _______________________________ (that/ happen)?
: He ___________________________ (fall) off a ladder.
b) A: Your hair looks nice. _____________________________________ (you / have) a haircut?
B: Yes.
A:Who _________________________ (cut) it? ___________________________ (you/ go) to
the hairdresser?
B: No, a friend of mine __________________________ (do) it for me.
c) I dont know where Amy is. ____________________________ (you / see) her?
d) Your car looks very clean. _________________________ (you / wash) it?
e) My grandfather ____________________ (die) 30 years ago. I _________________________
(never/ meet/ him).
f) A: Say, how long __________________________________________ (you/be) in Brazil?
B: For 8 years. When I ______________________ (arrive) here I _______________________
(be) 22 years old.
g) A: And how long _______________________________________ (you/be) married?
B:
Since
1976.
________________________
(get)
married
when
_____________________________ (be) 25. My wife ____________________________ (be) a

teacher at that time.
h) A: _________________________________________ (she/still/teach) now?
B: No, she ______________________ (be) always busy in the house.
3) Reading
We went on this vacation to Mexico. I say we . I mean these two other girls and myself.
Girls I work with at the office. And ... and I thought...well...one of them was a friend of mine. At
least Id always gotten along pretty well with her before...at the office. So I thought it would be fun.
I didnt know the other girl that well.
Anyway, the three of us rented a small house not far from the beach in Acapulco, and wed
agreed to share all the expenses. When we got there, the first night, I remember two of us, Sharon
74
and I, wanted to eat out in a restaurant. Sharon loves fish and it was a good seafood restaurant, and
I didnt really care. Im not that interested in food, but I thought it would be nice to go to a
restaurant. I mean, it was our first night. But the other girl, Alison, the one I thought I knew pretty
well, she didnt want to go out to eat. Shed bought some canned food and things from this local
grocery store and she wanted to make dinner at the house, said it would be cheaper. And so we had
this big argument, and that was the way it was for the rest of the trip. Alison never wanted to eat in
any of the local restaurants, said it would be too expensive. She wanted to save money all the time.
And well, she turned out to be the worst kind of tourist. You know, didnt want to learn a word of
Spanish. She didnt even want to learn how to say please or thank you or things like that.
She was just awful. And she made our vacation really miserable.
Its funny, isnt it? You think you know someone and that you can get along with them.
And then, when you spend some time with them on vacation or something, you find out all kinds of
things that you didnt know before...and that you dont like.
Questions to be pointed out:

1- Have you ever had any kind of experience like this?
____________________________________________________________
2- Do you know any story like that had happened with any of your friends?
____________________________________________________________
3-What would you do if you were a friend of Alison in a situation like this?
____________________________________________________________
4- Do you think that we need to tolerate a situation like this only because the person is a friend of
work, and that after that things would not be the same at work?
4) Make a composition : what do you think about person that stoles to survive
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
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5) Complete these conversations using the present perfect.

Then practice with a partner.
1) A: _______ you _______ much exercise this week? (do)
B: Yes, I ________ already ________ to aerobics class for times. (be)
2) A: _______ you _______ any sports this month? (play)
B: No, I _____________ the time. (have)
3) A: How many movies _______ you _______ to this month? (be)
B: Actually, I _____________ any yet. (see)
4) A: _______ you _______ to any interesting parties recently? (be)
B: No, I ______________to any parties for quite a while. (go)
5) A: _______ you _______ any friends today? (call)
B: Yes, I ________ already ________ three calls. (make)
6) A: How many times _______ you _______ out to eat this week? (go)
B: I ____________ at fast-food restaurants a couple of times. (eat)
6) Complete these sentences with FOR or SINCE.

a) Pam was in Mexico _______ a month last year.
b) Ive been a college student ________ almost four years.
c) Jam has been at work ________ 6h00 A.M.
d) I havent gone to a party ________ a long time.
e) Josh lived in U.K ________ two years as a Kid.
f) My parents have been on vacation _______ Friday.
g) Natalie was engaged to Peter _______ for ten months.
h) Paty and Chris have been best friends _______ high school.
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UNIT 11 Its a very exciting place?

1) Conversation What should I see there?
Elena: I think you can go anytime. The
weather is always nice.
Thomas: Oh, good! And what should I see
there?
Elena: Well, you should definitely visit the
National Museum and go to the Palace of
Fine Arts.
Thomas: And what else?
Elena: Oh, you shouldnt miss the Pyramid of
the Sun. Its very interesting.
Thomas: It all sounds really exciting!
Thomas: Can you tell me a little about
Mexico City?
Vocabulary:
Elena: Sure I can. What would you like to

Know?
what else? = what more?
Thomas: Well, whats a good time to visit?
You shouldnt miss = should see
b)- Listen to the rest of the conversation. Where is Thomas from? What should you do there?
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
____________________
2) Speaking Interesting places.

Ask to your partner about an interesting place that she/he visited.
What place so interesting did you visit to tell me?
Whats the best time of year to visit?
Whats the weather like then?
What should tourists see and do there?
What special foods can you eat?
Whats the shopping like?

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What things should people buy?
What else can visitors do there?
3) Grammar Focus Adverbs before adjectives

Mexico is really nice.
Its a really nice city.
Its fairly big.
Its a fairly big city.
Its not very expensive.
Its not a very expensive place.
Its too noisy and its too crowded form me.
ADVERBS
Extremely really - pretty Very fairly - somewhat
CONJUNCTIONS
And but though although - however

Its an exciting city, and the weather is nice.
Its a big city, but its not too big.
Its a big city. Its not too big, though.
Its a big city. Its not too big however.
VOCABULARY
Though = although = ainda que, embora, mesmo assim.
However = in the meantime = entretanto, alis.
Fairly = quite = bastante.
Extremely = extremamente.
Somewhat = algo, bastante, um tanto.
Whereby = pelo qual.
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4) Snapshot Five popular cities and some sights and events there.
Carnaval Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Ginza Shopping District Tokyo, Japan.
Hollywood Walk of Fame Los Angeles, California. (the names of celebrities are on the
sidewalk).
The Tour de France Paris, France. (famous bicycle race)
Kyongbuk Palace Seoul, Korea.
What are the places would you like to visit?
What are other places in the world would you like to visit?
Put the places you would like to visit in order from most interesting to least interesting.
5) Grammar Focus Modal verbs CAN and SHOULD.
- What can I do in Mexico city?

You can see the Palace of Fine Arts.
You cant visit some museums on Mondays.
- What should I see there?
You should visit the National Museum.
You shouldnt miss the Pyramid of the Sun.
6) Pronunciation Cant and Shouldnt

- Listen and practice these statements. Notice how the t in cant and shouldnt is not strongly
pronounced.
-
You cant go shopping on Sundays.
You shouldnt swim at the beaches.
You cant get a taxi easily at night.
You shouldnt miss the night markets.
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EXERCISES:
1) Match each word in column A with opposite in column B.

1 beautiful ( )
a boring
2 cheap
()
b crowded
3 clean
()
c dangerous
4 interesting ( )
d expensive
5 quiet
e noisy
()
6 relaxing ( )
f polluted
7 safe ( )
g stressful
8 spacious ( )
h ugly
2) Match the questions with the answers.

1 Whats Seoul like? ( )
Is it an interesting place?
a) Oh, really? Its beautiful and very clean.

It has a great harbor and beautiful beaches.
2 Do you like your hometown? ( ) b) Yes, I have. Its an extremely.

Why or why not?
3 Whats Sidney like? ( )
Ive never been there.
large and it has excellent restaurants.

c) Yes. It has amazing shopping, and
the people are pretty friendly.
4 Have you ever been to So Paulo? ( ) d) Not really. Its too small, and
its really boring.
3) Choose the correct conjunctions and rewrite the sentences.

1 Taipei is very nice. Everyone is extremely friendly. (and/but)
___________________________________________________________
2 The streets are crowded. Its easy to get around. (and/though)
___________________________________________________________
3 The weather is nice. Summers get pretty hot. (and/however)
___________________________________________________________
4 Shopping is great. You have to bargain in the markets. (and/but)
___________________________________________________________
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5 The food is delicious. Its not too expensive. (and/though)

___________________________________________________________
6 Its an amazing city. I love to go there. (and/however)
___________________________________________________________
4) Write answers to these questions about your country. Then compare with a partner.
-
What time of year should you go to Florianpolis?
_________________________________________________________
-
What are three things you can do there?
_________________________________________________________
-
Can you buy anything special?
_________________________________________________________
-
What shouldnt a visitor miss?
_________________________________________________________
-
What are the best places to visit?
_________________________________________________________
-
How did you go to this place?
_________________________________________________________
-
Do you know any cafeterias there?
_________________________________________________________
5) Complete these conversations using can, cant, should or shouldnt.

1) A: I _______ decide where to go on my vacation.
B: You ________ go to India. Its my favorite place to visit.
2) A: Im planning to go to Bahia nesxt year. When do you think I ______ go?
B: You _______ can go anytime. The weather is nice all year.
3) A: ________ I rent a car when I arrive in Bahia? What do you recommend?
B: No, you _______ definitely use the subway. Its fast and efficient.
4) A: Where _______ I get some nice jewelry in Bankok?
B: You _________ miss the weekend market. Its the best place for bargains.
5) A: What _______ I see from the Eiffel Tower?
B: You ________ see all of Paris, but in bad weather you _______ see anything.
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6) Make a composition about an experience you had with a terrific trip to a different place.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
82
UNIT 12 It really works!
1) Conversation Health problems?

Joan: Hi, Craig! How are you?

Craig: Not so good. I have a terrible cold.
Joan: Really! Thats too bad! You should be at home in bed. Its really important to get a lot of
rest.
Craig: Yeah, youre right.
Joan: And have you taken anything for it?
Craig: No, I havent.
Joan: Well, its sometimes helpful to eat garlic soup. Just chop up a whole head of garlic and
cook it in chicken stock. Try it! It really works!
Craig: Yuck! That sounds awful!!
b) Listen to advice from two more of Craigs co-workers. What do they suggest?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_________________
VOCABULARY:
Get a lot of rest = relax or sleep a lot.
Have you taken anything for it? = have you taken any medicine?
Chop up = cut into small pieces.
Chicken stock = the liquid from chicken soup.
Yuck! = an expression of dislike. Especially about food.
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2) Speaking Difficult situations.

-
What do you do when..?
a) you feel very tired_______________________________________

______________________________________________________
b) you have an argument with a friend _______________________
______________________________________________________
c) its 2h00 A.M and you cant sleep __________________________
_______________________________________________________
d) someone standing near you faints __________________________
_______________________________________________________
e) you need to study but you cant concentrate _________________
_______________________________________________________
3) Grammar Focus Infinitive complements
What should you do for ?
a cold ___________
a) take some vitamin C
a sore throat _____
b) put some ointment on it
a cough _________
c) drinks lots of liquids
a backache ______
d) go to bed and rest
a fever __________
e) put a heating pad on it
a toothache ______
f) put it under cold water
a bad headache ___
g) take some aspirin, medicine
a burn __________
h) see a dentist
- the flu __________
i) see a doctor
What should you do for a cold?

-
Its important to get a lot of rest.
Its sometimes helpful to eat garlic soup.
Its a good idea to take some vitamin C.

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4) Snapshot Common Health Complaints

-
a headache
a backache
sore throat (dor de garganta)
sore muscles (dor nos msculos)
a stomachache (dor de estmago)
a cold (resfriado)
a cough (tosse)
insomnia (insnia)
the flu (gripe)
Check the health problems you have had recently.

_______________________________________________________
What do you do for the health problems you checked?

_______________________________________________________
How many times have you been sick in the past year?
_______________________________________________________
5) Modal verbs CAN, COULD, MAY for requests; suggestions.

Can/May I help you?
What do you suggest/have for dry skin?
Can I have a box of cough drops?
Try some of this lotion.
Could I have something for a cough?
I suggest some ointment.
May I have a bottle of aspirin?
You should get some skin cream.
Can = Power, possibility, permission, physical ability.

May = Power, possibility, permission.
6) Pronunciation Reduction of to
- Listen and practice. In conversation, to is often reduced to /t/.
-
What should you do for a fever?

Its important to take some aspirin. And its a good idea to see a doctor.
85
EXERCISES:
1) Fill in the blanks with the words from the box:
Actually parents library nowadays relatives - bookstore
a) Both her ___________________ come from Italy. She is a daughter of Italians.

b) Alan is going to the ____________________ to buy a book.
c) I went to the theater every week, but _________________ I dont like it very much.
d) Jane has a big family and she always invite all her _____________ to her parties.
e) They are going to the _________________ to read some books.
f) Anne speaks French very well. ________________ she was born in France.
2) Fill in the blanks with the words from the box.
But when where and - then
a) He is in the room _____________ we study math.

b) We study history in that room, ______ they dont.
c) We study physics here ______ chemistry in the lab.
d) We do the exercises here, ______ we go to another room.
e) We go home _____ the classes finish.
3) Answer these questions with yes/no.

a) Can you swim at the beach? ___________________
b) May I talk to you? ___________________________
c) Should I visit Natal in the spring? _______________
d) Could I have a box of bandages, please? __________
e) Can your mother cook very well? ________________
f) Can She go to the cinema with her friend? __________
g) Could He study after job? _______________________
h) Should You stop smoking? ______________________
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4) Use the words in the list to complete these expressions.

Then compare with a partner.
Bag jar bottle pack box Stick can - tube

1) a _______ of toothpaste
2) a _______ of aspirin
3) a _______ of bandages
4) a _______ of shaving cream
5) a _______ of tissues
6) a _______ of face cream
7) a _______ of cough drops
8) a _______ of deodorant
What are the things you have in your house?

____________________________________________________________
5) Write a composition about your physical abilities. What can you do?
____________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
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UNIT 13 May I take your order?
1) Conversation Going out for dinner

a) Listen and practice
VOCABULARY
Jeff: Say, would you like to go out to dinner
tonight?
Im not in the mood for = I dont really
Bob: Sure. Where do you want to go?
want.
Jeff: Well, what do you think of Indian food?
a bit = a little.
Bob: I love it, but Im not really in the mood
Spicy = with a hot or strong flavor, like
for it today.
pepper or curry.
Jeff: Yeah. Im not either, I guess. Its a big

spicy.
Bob: Hmm. How do you like Japanese food?
Jeff: Oh, I like it a lot.
Bob: I do too. And I know a nice Japanese
restaurant near here its called Iroha.
Jeff: Oh, Ive always wanted to go there.
Bob: Terrific! Lets go!

What time do they decide to have dinner?
Where do they decide to meet?
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
__________________________________
2) Speaking A restaurant review

Have you eaten out at a restaurant recently?
Ask to your partner and after tell to the class.
What is the name of the restaurant?
Where is it?
How was it?
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3) Grammar Focus So, Too, Neither, Either.
Positive idea
I like Brazilian food a lot.
So do I. / I do, too.
Really? I dont like it very much.
Im crazy about dessert.

So am I. / I am, too.
Oh!, Im not.
I can eat really Japanese food.
So can I. / I can, too.
Really? I cant.
Negative idea
I dont like greasy food.
Neither do I. / I dont either.
Oh, I like it a lot.
Im not in the mood for Mexican food.
Neither am I. / Im not either.
Really! I am.
I cant stand fast food.

Neither can I. / I cant either.
Oh, I love it!
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VOCABULARY:
Healthy greasy salty rich spicy delicious bland.
4) Snapshot Food Firsts
Noodles first made in China circa 1000 B.C

Coffee first farmed in the Middle East in 850.
Chocolate brought to Spain from Mexico in 1520.
French fries first made in Belgium circa 1680.
Sushi modern-style sushi first made in Japan in the 1700s.
The sandwich named for the English Earl of Sandwich in 1760.
Pizza first pizzeria in New York City opens in 1895.
The hamburger invented in Connecticut, USA, in 1900.
What are three foods you enjoy?
_______________________________________________________
- Put the foods in order from your favorite to your least favorite.
_______________________________________________________
5) Grammar Focus Modal verbs would and will for requests.
What would you like?
Id like the lamb kebabs.

Ill have a small salad.
What Kind of dressing would you like?
Id like cheese, please.

Ill have vinaigrette.
What would you like to drink?
Id like an iced tea.

Ill have coffee.
Would you like anything else?
Yes, please. Id like a coke too.

No, thank you. Thatll be all.
CONTRACTIONS: Ill = I will

Id = I would.
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6) Pronunciation stress in responses.

a) Listen and practice. Notice how the last word of each response is stressed.
Positive idea
Negative idea
I do, too.
So do I.
I dont either.
Neither do I.
I am, too.
So am I.
Im not either.
Neither am I.
I can, too.
So can I.
I cant either.
Neither can I.
EXERCISES:
1) Do you agree or disagree?

a) Ive been working a lot - ________________________________
b) I didnt finish to do the housework - _______________________
c) I am a very good student - _______________________________
d) I cant cook very well - _________________________________
e) I do all my homeworks - _____________________________________
f) I really enjoyed the film - ____________________________________
I plan to go to the United States one day in my life - _________________________
g) I dont like football - ________________________________________
h) Ive been to Aparecida do Norte - ______________________________
i) I wont play baseball - _______________________________________
j) I will watch the football match next Sunday - _____________________
k) I am in the mood with Italian food - ____________________________
l)
I dont like greasy food - ____________________________________
m) I am going to travel to Caragu next holiday - ____________________
2) Write statements about these things.

- two kinds of food you like.
_________________________________________________________
- two kinds of food you cant stand.

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_________________________________________________________
- two kinds of food you are in the mood for.
_________________________________________________________
- your favorite dessert.
_________________________________________________________
- your favorite dish.
_________________________________________________________
3) Complete this conversations. Then practice with a partner.

Waitress: What ________ you like to order?
Customer: I _________ have the fried chicken.
Waitress: _________ you like ice or potatoes.
Customer: Potatoes, please.
Waitress: What kind of potatoes would you ________ ? Mashed, baked, or French fries?
Customer: I _________ like mashed potatoes.
Waitress: OK. And ________ you like anything to drink?
Customer: I guess I ________ have a cup of coffee.
Waitress: Would you ________ anything else?
Customer: No, that ________ be all for now, thanks.
LATER
Waitress: Would you ________ dessert?

Customer: Yes, I ________ like ice cream.
Waitress: What flavor ________ you like?
Customer: Hmm. I _______ have chocolate, please.
Waitress: OK. Ill bring it right away.
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4) Have you eaten out at a restaurant recently?

How was it? Write a review of the restaurant for a local newspaper.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
5) Reading Complete the article about Derry Adams, a tennis player from the U.S.A, with
words and expressions from the box. Use the correct verb tense:
Always be be every day go almost never hate have live never often once a
year study swim - watch
Tennis is my life, but its also hard work

Kerry Adams ________ only sixteen years old, but she is national champion for her age group. She
______ in Florida with her parents and her two brothers, Jon and Richie. The boys are students at
the local high school, but Kerry _____________ to a special tennis school in the area.
Kerrys school is pretty small, but it ________________ all the tennis equipment she needs and a
very good coach. The school is special because Kerry _________________ all the normal subjects
there Math, English, Biology, etc, and the rest of the time is for tennis. People think Im very
lucky, but I work very hard. I train for four or five hours _____________ Monday through Sunday,
and I also have my schoolwork. My diet is important too. I always eat low-fat, high-protein food,
like chicken and fish, but I ____________ eat steak because I hate red meat. At school, we cant
drink tea or coffee, so I ____________________ drink water, milk or orange juice. I love sweet
things, like cookies and cake, but I dont eat them very _________________ - only
_________________ on my birthday! And what about Kerrys family and friends? Mom, Dad,
and my friends help me a lot, but Jon and Richie arent very interested. Its funny because I love
tennis, but my brothers ______________________ it1 They like _______________ in the local
pool or just ___________________ sports on TV.
Were very different, so we
_________________ spend time together.
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UNIT 14 The biggest and the best!
1) Conversation Distances and measurements

a) Listen and practice
Beth: Well, I live in Auckland, and Auckland
is about 2,000 kilometers from Sydney.
Scott: Well maybe I should visit you next
year, too!
VOCABULARY:
SUSs: sport utility vehicles
Over and over again: repeatedly
Scott: Im going to Australia next year. Arent
you from Australia, Beth?
Beth: Actually, Im from New Zealand.
Scott: Oh, I didnt know that. So whats it like
Recycled: collected and treated to be used

again.
Leaky: allowing water to escape.
low-flow showerhead: a device that
controls or restricts the movement of water.
there?
Beth: Oh, its beautiful. It has lots of farms,
and its very mountainous.
Scott: Really? How high are the mountains?
Beth: Well, the highest one is Mount Cook.
Its about 3,800 meters high.
Scott: Hmm. How far is New Zealand from

What else is New Zealand famous for?
_____________________________________
_________________
___________________________
Australia?
2) Speaking Our recommendations

Practice with a partner about your country.
What places would you like to visit in Brazil?
_________________________________________________________
What place do you prefer to go: mountain, beach or go dancing?

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_________________________________________________________
-
Do you like to eat in nice restaurants?
_________________________________________________________
What city do you recommend to your partner?
_________________________________________________________
-
What would your partner enjoy it?
_________________________________________________________
3) Grammar Focus Comparisons with adjectives.

Which country is larger, Brazil or Japan?
Brazil is larger than Japan.
Which city is more beautiful? Rio de Janeiro or Florianpolis.

Florianpolis is more beautiful than Rio de Janeiro.
Which city has the largest population:

Mexico city, Fortaleza or Tokyo?
Tokyo has the largest population of the three.
What is the most handsome man: Bred Pitt, Mel Gibson or Tom Cruise?
Tom Cruise is the most handsome man of the three.
ADJECTIVE
COMPARATIVE
SUPERLATIVE
Long
longer
the longest
Dry
drier
the driest
Big
bigger
the biggest
Pretty
prettier
the prettiest
Short
shorter
the shortest
Fat
fatter
the fattest
Tall
taller
the tallest
Ugly
uglier
the ugliest
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Wet
wetter
the wettest
Small
smaller
the smallest
Large
larger
the largest
Angry
angrier
the angriest
High
higher
the highest
Low
lower
the lowest
Busy
busier
the busiest
Wonderful
more wonderful
the most wonderful
Common
more common
the most common
Famous
more famous
the most famous
Beautiful
more beautiful
the most beautiful
Terrible
more terrible
the most terrible
Incredible
more incredible
the most incredible
Marvelous
more marvelous
the most marvelous
Terrific
moe terrific
the most terrific
Good
better
the best
Bad
worse
the worst
Far
farther
the farthest
4) Snapshot Test your World knowledge

( ) France is the most popular country to visit.
It has about 76 million visitors a year.
( ) China has the greatest number of stores in the world.
There are over 19 million stores.
( ) Lake Baikal in Russia is the deepest lake on earth.
Its 1,637 meters (5,371 feet) deep.
( ) Tokyo Disneyland is the worlds most popular amusement park.
It has over 25 million visitors a year.
( ) The longest nonstop flight is from New York to Singapore.
Its 18 hours long.
( ) The busiest airport in the world is London Heathrow, with over
55 million passengers a year.
( ) Canada has the longest coastline of any country on earth.
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Its 243,792 Kilometers (151,485 miles) long.

( ) Easter Island is the worlds most isolated island.
Its about 3,700 Kilometers (2,300 miles) from the South American
Check the facts that you think are true.
What is the largest city in Brazil?
continent.
_________________________________________________________
-
What is the most popular city in Brazil?
_________________________________________________________
-
What is the busiest airport in Brazil?
_________________________________________________________
5) Grammar Focus Questions with How

- How far is New Zealand from Australia?
Its about 2,000 Kilometers.
-
How big is Singapore?

Its 648 square Kilometers.
How high is Mount Cook?

Its 3,740 meters high.
How deep is the Grand Canyon?

Its about 1,900 meters deep.
How long is the Mississippi River?

Its about 5,970 Kilometers long.
How hot is Rio de Janeiro in the fall?

It gets up to about 23 Celsius.
How cold is Rio de Janeiro in the winter?

It goes down to about 10 Celsius.
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2,000 Kilometers = 1,200 miles

648 square Kilometers = 250 square miles
3,740 meters high = 12,250 feet
1,900 meters deep = 6,250 feet
5,970 Kilometers long = 3,710 miles
23 Celsius = 74 Fahrenheit
10 Celsius = 50 Fahrenheit
6) Pronunciation Questions of choice.

Listen to the intonation in questions of choice. Then practice the questions.
Which city is bigger, Bangkok or Beirut?
Which country is the most interesting: Korea, Brazil or Greece?
EXERCISES:
1) Read each conversation and complete the question

a) A: How ___________________________________ exercise?
B: Not very often. I exercise only about an hour on Saturday morning.
b) A: Do ____________________________________________?
B: No, I never drive to school. I ride my bicycle most of the time.
c) A: What ________________ usually ____________________?
B: I usually stay home on the weekend. I often have lots to do around the house.
d) A: How ____________________________________at tennis?
B: Well, I guess Im pretty good. I played on the tennis team in school.
e) A: How ____________________________ spend working out?
B: Oh, I spend about two hours every day at the gym. Im a real fitness freak!
2) Answer the questions with short answers: (yes/no)

a) Am I your sister? _____________ _____________________
b) Are you my best friend? _____________ ________________
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c) Is he a good engineer? _______________ ________________

d) Is she your girlfriend? _______________ ________________
e) Is it their dog? ________________ _____________________
f) Are we studying together ? _____________ ______________
g) Are you doctors? _______________ ____________________
h) Are they in the same class? ______________ _____________
3) Answer the questions with complete answers:

a) What are your three more favorite fruits?
_____________________________________________________
b) Tell me five names of vegetables?
_____________________________________________________
c) Whats your phone number?
_____________________________________________________
d) Whats your address?
_____________________________________________________
e) Who is she?
_____________________________________________________
4) Complete the sentences:

a) Christmas is in _________________
b) Easter is in ____________________
c) Carnival is in __________________
d) Beaches are full of people in ___________________
e) Campos do Jordo has the ___________ festival.
f) ____________ is the season after the Winter.
g) In ___________ the weather is so hot.
h) My birthday is on ____________, ____.
i) The month before August is _____________.
j) The third month of the year is ____________.
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5) Write in English the sentences below:

a) Posso entrar? _____________________________________
b) Posso sair?_______________________________________
c) Posso ir ao banheiro?________________________________
d) Posso beber gua?__________________________________
e) Posso te ajudar?____________________________________
f) Qual o significado de?_______________________________
g) Como se diz em ingls?______________________________
h) Sentar.____________________________________________
i) Levantar.__________________________________________
j) Como se soletra seu ltimo nome?______________________
k) Voc pode me emprestar seu lpis?______________________
l) Um momento por favor._______________________________
m) Muito obrigado._____________________________________
n) De nada.___________________________________________
o) Seja bem vindo!_____________________________________
p) p)Esperar um minuto.________________________________
q) Me desculpe.________________________________________
r) Tudo bem.__________________________________________
6) Put the correct letters in the spaces:

a) great grandfather
( ) neto
b) uncle
( ) neta
c) aunt
( ) marido
d) Brother
( ) esposa
e) Sister
( ) sogro
f) Son
( ) genro
g) Daughter
( ) nora
h) son in law
( ) bisav
i) god mother
( ) tia
j) Husband
( ) filho
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k) Wife
( ) irmo
l) Father in law
( ) filha
m) grandson
( ) tio
n) granddaughter
( ) irm
o) Daughter in law
( ) madrinha
7) Complete with questions 1 to 4 with comparatives and questions 5 to 8 with superlatives.

1) Which country is _________, Monaco or Vatican City? (small)
2) Which waterfall is ________, Niagara Falls o Angel Falls? (high)
3) Which city is __________, Hong Kong or Cairo? (crowded)
4) Which lake is _________, the Caspian Sea or Lake Superior? (large)
5) Which is _______: Mount Aconcagua, Mt. Everest or Mt. Fuji? (high)
6) What is ________river in the world, the Nilo or the Amazon? (long)
7) Which city is _________: Tokyo, Moscow or Hong Kong? (expensive)
8) What is ________ ocean in the world, the Pacific or the Atlantic? (deep)
8) Complete with the adjectives in the comparative form.

1) So Jos is ________ ________ Jacare. (large)
2) Brazil is _______ ___________ ________ The USA. (beautiful)
3) The dark jeans is _______ _________ ______ the light one. (expensive)
4) Bruna Lombardi is ________ ________ Luiza Brunet. (pretty)
5) Beef is _________ _______ fish meat. (good)
6) Fortaleza is _______ _________ ________ Florianpolis. (interesting)
7) Poltergeist film is ________ ________ The Others. (nice)
8) Bred Pitty is ________ __________ ________Mel Gibson. (handsome)
9) Complete with the adjectives in the superlative form.

1) Brazil is ___________________ country in the world. (beautiful)
2) Biology is __________________ subject in the high school. (easy)
3) English is __________________ subject that I know. (difficult)
4) The Atlantic ocean is ____________ ocean in the planet. (long)
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5) Tom Cruise is _______________ man on TV. (handsome)

6) Kawasaki is ________________ moto of the other brands. (expensive)
7) Ubatuba beaches are _________________beaches in the Litoral North.
(dangerous).
8) So Paulo is _________________ city in Brazil. (large).
10) Circle the correct word.

a) There are lots of beautiful trees in the (sea / forest / volcano)
b) A (desert / continent / mountain) is a very hot and dry place.
c) I love swimming in the (dry / beach / forest).
d) What would you like to drink? (Ill / Id) have a bottle of beer.
e) Bills car is never clean. Why does he drive such a (boring / dirty / noisy) car?
f) Hawaii is a very relaxing place. Its not (hot / stressful / small), equal New York.
g) The movie wasnt interesting, it was so (exciting / beautiful / boring ) that I left the movie
theater.
h) The Caipira Restaurant isnt expensive, its ( boring / small / cheap ) .
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UNIT 15 Im going to a soccer match.
1) Conversation Can I take a message?

- Listen and practice.
Secretary: Good morning, Parker Industries.

Mr. Kale: Hello, May I speak to Ms. Graham, please?
Secretary: Im sorry. Shes not in. Can I take a message?
Mr. Kale: Yes, please. This is Mr. Kale.
Secretary: Is that G-A-L-E.
Mr. Kale: No, its K-A-L-E.
Secretary: All right.
Mr. Kale: Please tell her out meeting is on Friday at 2:30.
Secretary: Friday at 2:30.
Mr. Kale: And could you ask her to call me this afternoon? My number is (646) 5554031.
Secretary: (646) 5554031. Yes, Mr. Kale. Ill give Ms. Graham the message.
Mr. Kale: Thank you. Good bye.
Secretary: Good bye.
b) Listen to three other calls. Write down the callers names.

___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
103
2) Speaking make and answer questions to your partner about his/her routine.
Films
programs
musics
Suspense
news
rock
Horror
cartoon
pop music
Drama
sports
gospel
Triller
documentary
romantic
Romance
soap opera
country
Adventury
films
classical
Country
series
samba
Science fiction
talk show
reagge
Comedy
game show
pagde
Documentary
music program
ax
What is your favorite music?

______________________________________________________
What kind of film do you prefer?
_______________________________________________________
What kind of program do you like more?
_______________________________________________________
3) Grammar Focus Future with present continuous and BE going to.
WITH PRESENT CONTINUOUS

-
TIME EXPRESSIONS
What are you doing tonight?
tonight
Im going to a baseball match.
tomorrow
On Friday
Are you doing anything tomorrow?
This weekend
No, Im not. / Yes, I am.
Next week
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WITH BE GOING TO + VERB

-
What is she going to do tomorrow?

Shes going to work until five.
Are they going to go bowling?

Yes, they are. / No, they arent.
4) Snapshot Making excuses.

Some common excuses for not accepting an invitation.
I cant. My parents are visiting from out of town.
Im busy that night.
Im sorry. I cant find a babysitter.
Im not feeling well.
I have to work.
I just got a new puppy. I have to stay home with it.
I have class that night.
My favorite TV show is on that night.
I have to get up early the next morning.
- Ask to your partner these questions below.

-
Have you ever used any of these excuses?

_______________________________________________________
Have you ever heard any of them?

_______________________________________________________
Which are good excuses and which are bad excuses?

_______________________________________________________
What other excuses can you make for not accepting an invitation?
_______________________________________________________
105
5) Grammar Focus Messages with TELL and ASK.
Statement
Messages with a statement

Please tell Ann (that) the meeting is on Friday.
The meeting is on Friday.
Could you tell her (that) the meeting is on Friday.

Would you tell her (that) the meeting is on Friday.
Request
Messages with a request

Please ask him to call me this afternoon.
Call me this afternoon
Could you ask him to call me this afternoon.

Would you ask him to call me this afternoon.
6) Pronunciation Reduction of Could you and Would you. Notice how Could you and Would
you are reduced to conversation.
Could you tell Matt the meeting is at 5:00?
Would you ask him to pick me up at 4:30?
EXERCISES:
1) Look at the message slips. Ask someone to pass on these messages.

Use the words in parentheses. Then compare with a partner.
-
Joel the movie is at 7:00.
_________________________________________________________
-
Mitch pick me up at home around 4:00.
_________________________________________________________
-
Eva the concert on Saturday is canceled.
_________________________________________________________
-
Jim bring the tickets for the hockey game tonight.
_________________________________________________________
-
Ann the museum opens at 10:00 tomorrow morning.
_________________________________________________________
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Jerry meet us in front of the cafeteria at 12:15.
_________________________________________________________
- Kelly the party in the bar is at 10:00 P.M.
_________________________________________________________
2) Writing Unusual favors

- Think of unusual messages for three people in your class.
Write a note to your partner asking him or her to pass on the messages.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
3) Complete with THERE IS or THERE ARE:

a) ____________ some new students in class.
b) ____________ two teachers in class today.
c) ____________ one dog there.
d) ____________ four books on the table.
e) ____________ a student out of the class.
f) ____________ many apples in that basket.
g) ____________ oranges and bananas in the refrigerator.
h) ____________ some milk on the refrigerator.
i) ____________ sharpeners in the pencilcase.
j) ____________ televisions in that store.
k) ____________ children playing ball.
l) ____________ a bus on the street.
m) ____________ three boats on the lake.
n) ____________ a boy reading under a tree.
o) ____________ a policeman at the gate of the park.
p) ____________ a statue in the park.
q) ____________ students going to school.
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r) ____________ a little girl walking with her dog.

s) ____________ an old man sitting on a bench.
t) ____________ two bicycles at the school.
u) ____________ much coffee in my cup.
v) ____________ two classes this night.
4) Complete with THIS or THESE:

a) _____________ is my girl friend.
b) _____________ are my parents.
c) _____________ is a beautiful flower.
d) _____________ is a big house.
e) _____________ are my books.
f) _____________ are the new CDS.
5) Complete with THAT or THOSE:

a) ______________ is your tapes.
b) ______________ are the horror films.
c) ______________ is the picture you told me.
d) Who is ___________ actress there?
e) ______________ are crayons.
f) Where are ___________ girls and boys?
6) Make a composition telling What are you going to do this New Year?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
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UNIT 16 A change for the better!

1) Conversation Catching up
- Listen and practice
Diane: Hi, Kerry. I havent seen you in ages. How have you been?
Kerry: Pretty good, thanks.
Diane: Are you still in school?
Kerry: No, not anymore. I graduated last year. And I got a job at Midstate Bank.
Diane: Thats great news. You know, you look different. Have you changed your hair?
Kerry: Yeah, its shorter. And I wear contacts now. Oh, and Ive lost weight.
Diane: Well , you look fantastic!
Kerry: Thanks, so do you. And theres one more thing. Look! I got engaged.
Diane: Congratulations!
b) Listen to the rest of the conversation. How has Diane changed?

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
____________________
2) Speaking A class party

Make plans for a class party. Talk about these things and take notes.
Date
transportation
responsibilities
Time
activities
entertainment
Place
food and drinks
cost (if any)
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Take notes:
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
3) Grammar Focus Describing changes
with the present tense
with the present perfect
Im not in school anymore
Ive lost weight.
I wear contacts now.
Ive changed jobs.
With the past tense
with the comparative
I got engaged.
My hair is shorter now.
I moved to a new place
My job is less stressful.
4) Snapshot Things that bring about change in our lives.
have children
get married
move to a new city
Fall in love
Get a part-time job
Graduate from school
Get a drivers license
Study abroad
Turn 18
Change schools
Which of these events are important changes?
_________________________________________________________
-
Which are small changes?
_________________________________________________________
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Have any of these things happened to you recently?
_________________________________________________________
-
What other things bring about change in our lives?
_________________________________________________________
5) Grammar Focus Verb + infinitive

What are you going to do after graduation?
-
Im (not) going to get a job right away.
I hope to get a new car.
I (dont) plan to get my own apartment.
Id like to travel this summer.
I (dont) want to live with my parents.
Id love to move to a new city.
6) Pronunciation Vowels sounds /ou/ and //

Many words spelled with o are pronounced /ou/ or //. Listen to the difference and
practice.
/ou/ = dont smoke go loan own hope
/ / = month love some does young touch
EXERCISES:
1) Write the words in plural:

a) flower __________________
b) man ____________________
c) watch ___________________
d) country _________________
e) family __________________
f) holiday _________________
g) sandwich ________________
h) city ____________________
i) mouse __________________
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j) printer __________________
k) bus _____________________
l) dish ____________________
m) church __________________
n) box _____________________
o) baby ____________________
p) party ____________________
q) boy _____________________
r) monkey __________________
s) knife ____________________
t) woman __________________
u) tooth ____________________

-
What are you going to do tomorrow night?
_________________________________________________________
-
Where are you going to celebrate the New Year?
_________________________________________________________
-
Is your best friend going to the movies with you?
_________________________________________________________
-
Is your mother going to cook on Sunday ?
_________________________________________________________
-
Are they washing their cars on Saturday afternoon?
_________________________________________________________
-
When are you going to study English for the test?
_________________________________________________________
-
What are you doing after your graduation?
_________________________________________________________
-
Are you going to live with your parents next year?
_________________________________________________________
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3) Look at the message, complete the request by using the name in parentheses:
a) The test on Thursday is at 1:00 p.m.
Please tell ___________________________________________________________. (Kim)
b) Meet me after class today.
Would you ask ________________________________________________________? (Alex)
c) Theres a volleyball game tonight at six.
Could you tell _________________________________________________________? (Ann)
d) Come to the picnic on Saturday.
Please ask ____________________________________________________. (Mike)
4) Answer these questions about yourself. Write complete sentences.

a) Are you doing anything tomorrow night? ________________________________________
b) What are you going to do tonight?______________________________________________
c) Do you plan to take an English class next semester? ________________________________
d) What did you do yesterday? ___________________________________________________
e) Where did your father go on his last vacation? ____________________________________
f) What would you like to eat and drink now? _______________________________________
g) May I help you? ____________________________________________________________
h) What places should I visit in Curitiba?___________ ________________________________
i) Would you like to go to the movies on Saturday night? ______________________________
j) How high is the Mount Everest? _______________________________________________
k) How far is Santos from So Paulo ? _____________________________________________
l) How tall are you? _________________________________________________________
m) I have a terrible stomachache. What should I do? __________________________________
n) Were you at home yesterday at night? __________________________________________
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5) Complete each conversation. Use the present continuous:

a) A: What ________________________ this Sunday morning? (to do)
B: Im not doing anything on Sunday. Would you like to do something?
b) A: Is your sister coming to the picnic next weekend?
B: Yes, ____________________________________. (to come)
c) A: Where ___________________________________ this winter vacation? (to go)
B: My parents are going to Mexico this year. They really want to drink Tequila.
d) A: When _______________________? (to play soccer)
B: _________________________________ on Saturday morning. Do you want to play, too?
(to play it)
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UNIT 17 A time to remember.
1) Conversation
VOCABULARY:
Jeff: Hey! Are these pictures of you when you
kid = child
were a kid?
stilt = perna de pau
Kim:Yeah. Thats me in front of my uncles
throw out = jogar for a
beach house. When I was a Kid, we used to spend
attic = the space just under the roof of a
two weeks there every summer.
house
Jeff: Wow, I bet that was fun!
still up = yet
Kim: Yeah. We always had a great time. Every
shell = conchas, moluscos
day we used to get up early and walk along the
I bet = I think, I guess
beach. I had a great shell collection. In fact, I
think its still up in the attic!

Jeff: Hey, I used to collect
was a kid.
shells, too, when I
But my parents threw them out!
2) Speaking Memories
What is your favorite childhood memory?
__________________________________________________________
What sports or games did you use to play when you were younger?
__________________________________________________________
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Did you use to have a nickname?
__________________________________________________________
-
Where did you use to spend your vacations?
__________________________________________________________
-
Did you use to go to grandparents house?
__________________________________________________________
-
Did you ever have a part-time job?
__________________________________________________________
-
Did you use to visit your relatives when you were younger?
__________________________________________________________
3) Grammar Focus Past Tense
Where were you born?
I was born in Mexico.
Were you born in Brazil?
No, I wasnt. I was born in Argentina.
Where did you grow up?
I grew up in Chile.
When did you move here?
I moved here eight years ago, when I was in high school.
Did you learn Spanish in high school? No, I didnt. I studied it in college.
Did you go to college in Miami?
Yes, I did. I went to college in Miami City.
4) Snapshot Multicultural Cities

People from many different countries live in these four English-speaking cities.
NEW YORK CITY

China
Colmbia
Haiti
Mxico
The Philippines
LONDON
Ghana
Hong Kong
India
Nigeria
Pakistan
SYDNEY
TORONTO
Greece
Hong Kong
Indonsia
Italy
Vietnam
Hong Kong
Italy - India
Pakistan
Portugal
Vietnam
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Why do you think these cities have so many immigrants?
___________________________________________________________
-
Are there any immigrants in your city?
___________________________________________________________
-
Where are they from originally?
___________________________________________________________
-
When did you move here?
___________________________________________________________
-
Have you ever been to anyone of these places?
___________________________________________________________
-
Where were you born?
___________________________________________________________
5) Grammar Focus USED TO

When I was a Kid, I used to stay at my aunts beach house.
- Did you use to have a hobby?
Yes, I used to collect Hitchcoks books
What games did you use to play?

I used to play video games.
What sports did you use to practice?
_________________________________________________________
Where did you use to live with your parents when you were a child?
_________________________________________________________
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6) Pronunciation Used to
- Listen and practice. Notice the pronunciation of Used to.
When I was a child, I used to play the violin.

When I was a child, I used to have a nickname.
When I was a child, I used to have a pet.
When I was a child, I used to play hide-and-seek.
Now ask to your partner what he/she did when he/she was a child. Write the answer.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
EXERCISES:

a) What did you do yesterday?
_____________________________________________________________
b) Where did your father go on his last vacation?
_____________________________________________________________
c) What places should I visit in Curitiba?
_____________________________________________________________
d) Would you like to go to the movies on Saturday night?
_____________________________________________________________
e) How high is the Mount Everest?
_____________________________________________________________
f) How far is Santos from So Jos dos Campos?
_____________________________________________________________
g) How tall are you?
_____________________________________________________________
h) Have you ever been to the United Sates?
_____________________________________________________________
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i) I have a terrible stomachache. What should I do?

_____________________________________________________________
j) Were you at home yesterday at night?

_____________________________________________________________
k) Do you plan to take an English class next semester?
_____________________________________________________________
2) Make questions to the answers:

____________________________________________________________?
I watched TV all afternoon.
____________________________________________________________?
The box of tissues and the tube of cream were nineteen dollars.
____________________________________________________________?
Yes, I studied and read an interesting book on Saturday afternoon.
____________________________________________________________?
Yes, there are six students in class today.
____________________________________________________________?
I usually go to the club or watch TV on weekends.
____________________________________________________________?
Sure, thats a good idea, lets go.
____________________________________________________________?
No, I cant drive a car, but I can ride a motorcycle.
____________________________________________________________?
No, Disney isnt in Canada, its in the United States.
____________________________________________________________?
It gets up to 37 degrees Celsius in the summer.
____________________________________________________________?
This river is about 3,740 miles long, or 6,019 Kilometers long.
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3) Use DID or HAVE to complete the questions, and use the verbs in the answers in the Simple
Past or using the Present Perfect Tense:
a) When _________ you stay in your house: on Sunday or on Monday?

I _______________ in my house on Sunday.
b) Where ___________ you been? I havent seen you for a long time!?
Oh, ____________________ to Africa and to Italy.
c) ________ you play volleyball yesterday?
No, I didnt, I ___________ handball yesterday afternoon.
4) Complete the conversations. Then practice with a partner.

1) A: Could you tell me a little about yourself?
Where ______ you born?
B: I ______ born in South Korea.
A: ______ you grow up there?
B: No, I ______. I ______ up in Canada.
2) A: Where ____ you _____ to high school?

B: I _____ to high school in Ecuador.
3) A: ______ you study English when you _____ a child?

B: Yes, I ______ .
A: How old ______ you when you began to study English?
B: I ______ eleven years old.
5) Complete these sentences. Then compare with a partner.

1. In elementary school, I used to ______________________________
_________________________________________________________
2. I used to be ____________________________, but Im not anymore.

3. When I was a kid, I used to play ______________________________
120
________________________________________________________
4. After school, my best friend and I used to ______________________
________________________________________________________
5. When I worked in other job, I used to __________________________
________________________________________________________
6) Choose the correct words o phrases.

1. I used to collect ___________ (hobbies/scrapbooks/shells) when I was a
kid.
2. My favorite pet was a __________ (eat/comic/kid) called Felix.
3. We used to go to ___________ (an/attic/camp/school) during summer vacations. It was really fun.

4. Our neighbors had a great _________ (painting/summer camp/tree house)
in their backyard.
We used to sleep in it.
7) Choose the correct responses.

1. A: Are you from Toronto?
B: _______________________________________________________
-
Well, no. Im originally from Morocco.
Neither am I.
2. A: Tell me a little about yourself.

B: _______________________________________________________
- Sure. Nice to meet you.
-
What do you want to know?
3. A: How old were you when you moved here?

B: _______________________________________________________
-
about 16.
About 17 years ago.
4. A: Did you learn English here?

B: _______________________________________________________
-
Yes, I was ten years old.
No, I studied it in Morocco.

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5. A: By the way, Im Lisa.

B: _______________________________________________________
-
Whats your name?
Glad to meet you.
122
UNIT 18 Caught in the rush

1) Conversation
Listen and practice.
VOCABULARY
Subway entrance
Traffic light
Bus stop
Bicycle lane
Stop sign
Parking space
Streetlight
Newsstand
taxistand
Lynn: Why is there never a bus when you want one?

Sam: Good question. There arent enough buses on this route.
Lynn: Sometimes I feel like writing a letter to the paper.
Sam: Good idea. You should say that we need more subway lines, too.
Lynn: Yeah. There should be more public transportation in general.
Sam: And fewer cars! Theres too much traffic!
Lynn: Say, is that our bus coming?
Sam: Yes, it is. But look. Its full!
Oh!, no! Lets go and get a cup of coffee. We can talk about ths lette
Im going to write.
2) Speaking Talk to your partner about the transportation in your city.

-
Do you need to take the transportation every day?
___________________________________________________________
123
What transportation do you take?
___________________________________________________________
-
How is the transportation like?
___________________________________________________________
-
Does the transportation arrive fast or not?
___________________________________________________________
-
Do you like the transportation in your city?
___________________________________________________________
-
How is the transportation on Sunday?
___________________________________________________________
3) Grammar Focus Adverbs of quantity
With countable nouns
With uncountable nouns
- There are too many cars.
There is too much traffic.
- There arent enough buses. There isnt enough traffic.

- We need more subway lines.
We need more public transportation.
-There should be fewer cars. There should be less pollution.

- There are a lot of trees.
There is a lot of crime.
4) Snapshot Special modes of transportation
- Ferry (Hong Kong, China)

- Magnetic levitation train (Berlim, Germany)
- Gondola (Venice, Italy)
- Tuk tuk (Bangkok, Thailand)
- Cable car (San Francisco, California, USA)
Have you used any of these kinds of transportation?
__________________________________________________________
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Are there any unusual forms of transportation in your city or country?
__________________________________________________________
-
What kinds of transportation do you usually use?
__________________________________________________________
5) Grammar Focus Indirect questions from WH questions.
WH QUESTIONS WITH BE
INDIRECT QUESTIONS
- Where is the bank?
Could you tell me where the bank is?
- Where is the taxi stand?
Do you know where the taxi stand is?
WH QUESTIONS WITH DO or DID.
INDIRECT QUESTIONS
- How often do the buses leave for the city?

(INDIRECT) Can you tell me how often do the buses leave for the city?
- When did Flight 566 arrive?
Do you know when Flight 566 arrived?
- What time does the duty-free shop open?

(INDIRECT) Do you know what time the duty-free shop opens?
6) Pronunciation Question intonation

- Listen and practice. Wh-questions usually have falling intonation. Indirect questions usually
have rising intonation.
-
What time does the duty-free shop open? (falling)
Where is the taxi stand? (falling)
Can you tell me what time the duty-free shop opens? (rising)
Do you know where the taxi stand is? (rising)
125
PRACTICE WITH YOUR PARTNER THESE QUESTIONS?

- Where is Adam Street?
- Could you tell me where Adam Street is?
- What time does the department store open?
- Do you know what time the department store opens?
EXERCISES
1) Rewrite these questions as indirect questions, using the words in parentheses.

1-
Where is the nearest Bakery? (Do)
_____________________________________________________________
2-
How much does a can of red wine cost? (Could)
_____________________________________________________________
3-
What time does the shopping close? (Could)
_____________________________________________________________
4-
When does the party start? (Do)
_____________________________________________________________
5-
How often does your mother travel abroad? (Can)
_____________________________________________________________
6-
Who is the new teacher at this University? (Do)
_____________________________________________________________
7-
When do you start your new job?
_____________________________________________________________
8-
What time are you gonna travel to Japan?
_____________________________________________________________
9-
How often do you practice exercises regularly?
_____________________________________________________________
10-
Where is the largest shopping in So Jos dos Campos?
_____________________________________________________________
126
2) Complete these statements about transportation problems. Then compare with a partner.
(more than one answer may be possible)
a) There are _____________ police officers.
b) There should be _____________ cars in the city.
c) There is ______________ public transportation.
d) The government needs to build ____________ highways.
e) There should be ________ noise.
f) There is __________ air pollution in the city.
g) There are ___________ buses parked on the streets.
h) There is ____________ crime here.
i) There are ___________ buildings in Fortaleza.
j) There should be __________ cars in So Paulo.
k) There is __________ traffic in Florianpolis.
l) There should be __________ thieves in the world.
m)There are ___________ students in this college.
n) There should be ___________ parking lot in So Paulo.
o) There is __________ water in the juice.
3) Problems, problems.
Problems
solutions
1. no places to take children.( )
a-install modern street lights.
2. dark streets. ( )
b-build a subway line.
3.no parking spaces. ( )
c-install more traffic lights.
4.crime. ( )
d-hire more police officers.
5.car accidents. ( )
e-build more parks.
6.traffic jams. ( )
f-build a public parking garage.
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4) Look at these solutions. Write sentences explaining the problems.

Use too much, too many, or not enough.
a) ________________________________________________________
The city should build more parks.
b) ________________________________________________________
The city should hire more police officers.
c) ________________________________________________________
The city should install modern street lights.
d) ________________________________________________________
The city should build a subway line.
e) ________________________________________________________
The city should install more traffic lights.
f) ________________________________________________________
The city should build a public parking garage.
5) Describe about your city things that you like and the usual problems.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
6)
Now.
Give
solutions
to
the
problems
that
you
talked
about
in
exercise
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
7) Match the words in columns A and B. Write the compound nouns.
Subway
district
1.______________________
Business
lines
2.______________________
Parking
system
3.______________________
Air
officers
4.______________________
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Police
pollution
5.______________________
Train
garages
6.______________________
8) Rewrite these sentences like the example. Find another way to say each sentence using the
words given.
1. There are too many cars in this city. (fewer)
There should be fewer cars in this city._________________________
2. We need fewer buses and cars downtown. (traffic)
________________________________________________________
3. Wheres the subway entrance? (Could you)
________________________________________________________
4. There isnt enough public parking. (parking lots)
________________________________________________________
5. How often does the bus come?
________________________________________________________
6. What time does the last train leave?
________________________________________________________
129
UNIT 19 Time for a change!

1) Conversation Apartment hunting
VOCABULARY
Just as many = the same number
Real state agent = a person who Sales or

rents and shows them the clients.
Mr. Dean: What do you think?
Mrs Dean: Well, It has just as many
bedrooms as the last
apartment. And the living room is huge.
Jenny: But the bedrooms are too small.
And there isnt enough closet space for
my clothes.
Mr. Dean: And its not as cheap as the last
Apartment we saw.
Mrs. Dean: But that apartment was dark and
dingy. And it was in a dangerous neighborhood.
Mr. Dean: Lets see if the real state agent has
Something else to show us.
130
2) Speaking time for a change

What do you wish were different about these situations? Write down your wishes. Then
compare with a partner.
- your appearance
your school or job
your skills
- your family
your home
your free time
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
3) Grammar Focus Evaluations and comparisons.
Evaluations with adjectives
Evaluations with nouns
- The Kitchen isnt big enough
There arent enough bedrooms.
- The living room is too small.
There isnt enough closet space.
Comparisons with adjectives

Its not as cheap as the last apartment.
Its almost as cheap (as the last apartment)
Comparisons with nouns

It doesnt have as many bedrooms as the last apartment.
It has just as many bedrooms (as the last apartment)
4) Snapshot Common wishes people have about their lives.

- add more hours to every day.
- change my appearance.
- move to a new place.
131
- go back to school.
- get a different job.
- improve my personality.
- enjoy life more.
- become healthier.
- make new friends.
-
Talk about these questions with your partner. After discuss with ythe classroom.
a) Which of these things would you like to do? Give some examples.
_______________________________________________________
b) What other things would you like to change about your life? Why?
_______________________________________________________
5) Grammar Focus WISH

- WISH is followed by past tense forms BUT refers to the present.
FACT
WISH
I dont like my job.
I wish (that) I could find a better job.

I wish I worked somewhere else.
I live with my parents.
I wish I lived in my own apartment.

I wish I didnt live with my parents.
Life is difficult.
I wish it were easier.

I wish it werent so difficult.
OBS: After WISH, were is used with he, she and it.
132
6) Pronunciation Sentence stress

- Listen and practice. Stress the words in a sentence that carry the most important information.
-
The apartment isnt big enough.
The kitchen is too cramped.
There arent enough closets.
There isnt enough light.
EXERCISES:
1) Write the opposites. Use the words from the list.

-
Dark
Expensive
Inconvenient
- small
Noisy
- spacious
- old
- safe
a) convenient/____________
b) light/___________
c) cramped/______________
d) modern/_________
e) dangerous/____________
f) quiet/___________
g) huge/________________
h) reasonable/________
2) Rewite these sentences. Find another way to say each sentence using notenough or too and
the words from exercise 1.
1. The house is too expensive.
___________________________________________________________
2. The rooms arent light enough.
___________________________________________________________
3. The living room isnt spacious enough for the family.
___________________________________________________________
4. The bathroom is too old.
___________________________________________________________
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5.The yard isnt big enough for the children.

____________________________________________________________
6. The street is too noisy for us.
____________________________________________________________
7. The neighborhood is too dangerous.
____________________________________________________________
8. The kitchen isnt convenient enough.
____________________________________________________________
3) Add the word enough to these sentences.
Grammar note: enough
Enough comes after adjectives but before nouns.

- adjective + enough
- enough + noun
It isnt spacious enough
There isnt enough space.
The rooms arent light enough It doesnt have enough light.
1) The apartment isnt comfortable.

_________________________________________________________
2) There arent bedrooms.
__________________________________________________________
3) Its not modern.
__________________________________________________________
4) There arent paking spaces.
___________________________________________________________
5) The neighborhood doesnt have street lights.
___________________________________________________________
6) There arent closets.
___________________________________________________________
7) Its not private.
___________________________________________________________
8) The living room isnt spacious.
___________________________________________________________
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4) Complete this conversation. Use the words given and the comparisons in the box. (some of
the comparisons in the box can be used more than once.)
just as many
almost as.as
as many.as
not as.as
Realtor: How did you like the house on Twelfth street?

Lou:
Well, its __________ the apartment on Main street. (convenient)
Realtor: Thats true, the house is less convenient.

Lou:
But the house is ___________________ the apartment. (cramped)
Realtor: Yes, the house is more spacious.

Lou:
I think there are ___________________ in the apartment. (closets)
Realtor: Youre right. The closet space is the same.

Lou:
The waalpaper in the apartment is _____________________ in the house. (shabby)
Realtor: I know, but you could change the wallpaper in the house.
Lou:
Mmm, the rent on the apartment is ____________________ the house, but the house is
much bigger. (expensive) Oh, I cant decide. Can you show me something else?
5) Write the thing that you would like to change in your life if you could. Write sentences using
WISH.
6) Choose the correct responses.

1. A: I wish I could change my lifestyle.
B: ________________________________________________________
-
why?
I dont like my job, either.
135
2. A: I wish I could retire.

B: ________________________________________________________
- I dont like it anymore.
- I kown what you mean.
3. A: Where do you want to move?
B: ________________________________________________________
-
somewhere else.
Something else.
4. A: I wish I could find a bigger apartment.

B: ________________________________________________________
-
Is it too large?
I like it, though.
7) Rewrite these sentences. Find another way to say each sentence using the words given.
1. There should be more bedrooms. (enough)
___________________________________________________________
2. The neighborhood is safe enough. (dangerous)
___________________________________________________________
3. My apartment doesnt have enough privacy. (private)
___________________________________________________________
4. Our house has the same number of bedrooms as yours. (just as many)
___________________________________________________________
5. I dont have enough closet space. (wish)
___________________________________________________________
6. We wish we could move to a new place. (somewhere else)
___________________________________________________________
7. The apartment is too small. (big)
___________________________________________________________
8. I wish this exercise were easy. (not difficult)
___________________________________________________________
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UNIT 20 Ive never heard of that!
1) Conversation
Kathy: Hey, this sounds good snails with garlic! Have you ever eaten snails?
John: No, I havent.
Kathy: Oh, theyre delicious! I had them last time. Like to try some?
John: No, thanks. They sound strange.
Waitress: Have you decided on an appetizer yet?
Kathy: Yes. Ill have the snails, please.
Waitress: And you, sir?
John: I think Ill have the fried brains.
Kathy: Fried brains? Now that really sounds strange!
2) Speaking Busybodies.
Ask your partner these questions and after discuss with the class about the answers.
Did you make your own breakfast this morning?
__________________________________________________________
-
Did you go out for dinner last week?
__________________________________________________________
-
Did you eat a big lunch yesterday?
__________________________________________________________
-
Have you ever tried frogs legs?
___________________________________________________________
-
Have you ever been on a diet?
___________________________________________________________
-
Have you ever cooked a large dinner for some friends?
___________________________________________________________
137
3) Grammar Focus Simple past vs. present perfect.
Simple past: completed events at a definite time in the past.

Did you eat snails at the restaurant last night?
No, I didnt.
Did you go out for dinner on Saturday?
Yes, I did.
I went to a Korean restaurant last week.
Present perfect: events within a time period up to the present.

-
Have you ever eaten snails?

No, I havent.
Have you been to a French restaurant?

Yes, I have.
Ive never been to a Greek restaurant.
4) Snapshot Favorite Ethnic Dishes.
Brazil
Thailand
China
Latin America
Feijoada
Mee Krob
Won Ton Soup
Ceviche
A traditional
crispy fried
Chicken soup
Raw seafood
Dish made of
noodles with
with pork-filled
marinated
Black beans,
shrimp and
dumplings
in lime juice and
Garlic, spices,
chicken
chili peppers
And rock.
Talk about these questions.
Have you ever tried any of these dishes?

________________________________________________________
Which ones would you like to try?

________________________________________________________
138
What other ethnic food can you try in your city?

________________________________________________________
What are three popular dishes in your country?

________________________________________________________
5) Grammar Focus Sequence adverbs

First, spread peanut butter on two slices of bread.
Then, cut a banana into small pieces.
Next, put the pieces of banana on one slice of bread.
After that, pour honey over the bananas.
Finally, put the other slice of bread on top.
Heres a recipe for barbecued kebobs. Number the sentences from 1 to 5. Then add a
sequence adverb to each step.
_____ put the meat and vegetables on the skewers.

_____ put charcoal in the barbecue and light it with lighter fluid.
_____ take the kebobs off the barbecue and enjoy!
_____ put the kebobs on the barbecue and cook for 10 to 15 minutes, turning them over
from time to time.
_____ cut up some meat and vegetables and put them in a bowl with your favorite barbecue
marinade. Marinate for 20 minutes.
6) Pronunciation reduced forms

- Listen and practice. Notice how DID YOU and HAVE YOU are pronounced in these
questions.
- Did you skip breakfast this morning?
- Did you cook you own dinner last night?
Have you ever tried Indian food?
Have you ever eaten snails?

139
EXERCISES:
1) Answer these questions in your own words. Use WILL or BE GOING TO. Write complete
sentences:
1- What are you going to do after class?
________________________________________________________
2- Where are you going to have dinner tonight?
________________________________________________________
3- When are you taking your vacation next year?
________________________________________________________
4- What are you doing on Sunday?
________________________________________________________
5- Are you going to take another English course next semester?
________________________________________________________
6- Are you coming to class on Monday?
________________________________________________________
2) Rewrite these sentences using the phrases in parentheses :

a) Open the bedroom door. (Could you)
_____________________________________________________________
b) Turn the TV down. (Would you mind)
_____________________________________________________________
c) Borrow me your book. (Would you mind)
_____________________________________________________________
d) Take a glass of water for me. (Could you)
_____________________________________________________________
e) Clean up your bedroom. Its a mess ( Could you)
_____________________________________________________________
140
3) Complete the sentences, using FOR or TO:

a) People use the computer _______ write letters.
b) We can use the Internet ________ find some information.
c) This knife is only ______ cutting bread.
d) Do you wear glasses ________ reading?
e) I had to put on my glasses ______ read the letter.
4) Write a short paragraph of advice on how to use a piece of electronic equipment. Use at least
three of these phrases:
Don't forget to...
Remember to ...
Make sure to...
Try not to... Be sure to ...
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
5) Complete the conversations:

a) Have you ever ___________ (see) a Jurassic Park movie?
Yes, I ________________. He's a great film.
b) Did you ___________________ (do) your homework last week?
No, I __________. I ___________________ (go) to the shopping center.
c) Did you ______________ (like) lunch at the restaurant last Sunday?
Yes, I ________. The food ____________ (be) so wanderful.
d) Have you _________________ (live) in this city for a long time?
No, I ____________. I _____________ (move) here last semester.
e) Have you ever ____________________ (be) on a diet?
Yes. I _________________ (lose) ten pounds two years ago.
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6) Choose the correct word.

1. We had delicious guacamole dip and chips on Saturday night. It was a great ___________
(dinner/snack/marinade).
2. I had a huge lunch, so I ___________ (ordered/skipped/tried) dinner.
3. What ___________ (appetizers/ingredients/skewers) do you need to cook crispy fried noodles?
4. First, fry the beef in oil and curry powder and then _______________ (pour/put/spread) the
coconut milk over the beef.
5. We need to leave the restaurant soon. Could we have the ____________ (bill/bowl/menu), please?
142
UNIT 21 Going places
1) Conversation
a) Listen and practice.
Nancy: Sounds great!
Julia:
Say, why dont you come
with
us?
We have plenty of room.

Nancy: Do you mean it? Id love
to!
VOCABULARY:
Two weeks off = school or work vacation.
Condominium = a type of apart.
Florida=Americas Vacationland
Say = interjection for a sudden idea.
Julia: Im so excited! We have two weeks off!
Plenty of = a lot of
What are you going to do?

Do you mean it? = Are you being sincere?
Nancy: Im not sure. I guess Ill

just stay home. Maybe Ill
catch up on my
reading.
b)- Have you ever taken a vacation at the

beach? What kinds of things can you do
What about you? Any

plans?
Julia:
there?
Well, my parents have
rented a condominium in
going to take
Florida. Im
_____________________________________
_____________________________
long walks along the beach
every day and do lots os

swimming.
143
2) Speaking Dream Vacation

- You won some money in a lottery. Plan an interesting trip around the world. Discuss these
questions with your partner and after show to the class.
Where are we going to start from?
__________________________________________________________
-
What time of the year should we travel?
__________________________________________________________
-
How are we going to travel?
__________________________________________________________
-
What countries and cities should we visit?
__________________________________________________________
-
How long should we spend in each place?
__________________________________________________________
-
Where are we going to stay?
__________________________________________________________
-
What are we planning to do and see there?
__________________________________________________________
-
How much money do we have to take?
__________________________________________________________
-
What do we need to take with us?
__________________________________________________________
-
What kind of clothes do we have to take?
__________________________________________________________
3) Grammar Focus Future with BE going to and WILL.
Use be going to + verb to talk about plans youve decided on. Use will + verb with
maybe, probably, I guess, or I think to talk about possible plans before youve made a
decision.
144
BE GOING TO
Where are you going to go?
Im going to go to Fortaleza.
Im not going to take a vacation.
Where are you going to do?
Im going to do lots of riding.
WILL
Im not sure. Maybe Ill catch up on my reading.
I probably wont take a vacation next month.
I guess Ill just stay home.
I dont know. I think Ill go swimming.
4) Snapshot Complete the chart. TRAVEL

backpack first-aid kit overnight bag shorts vaccination- cash hiking boots
passport suitcase mastercard credit card pills plane ticket travelers checks
windbrakeR.
Clothing
Money
Health
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
Travel documents
luggage
______________________
________________
______________________
________________
______________________
________________
______________________
________________
Discussion:
What are the five most important items you need for these vacations.
A trip for a foreign country?
_______________________________________________________
145
A rafting trip?
_______________________________________________________
-
A mountain climbing expedition?
_______________________________________________________
5) Grammar Focus Modals for necessity and suggestion.
Describing necessity
-
You have to get a passport.
You must get a visa and mastercard for some countries.
You need to take much money.
For some cities, you dont have to get any vaccinations.
Giving suggestions
-
Youd better talk to your mother.
You ought to go with your friend.
You should take hot clothes.
You shouldnt go by yourself.
Give advice to someone who is thinking of taking a vacation overseas.
1 - ________ get a passport.

2 - ________ pack too many clothes.
3 - ________ buy a round-trip plane ticket.
4 - ________ make hotel reservations.
5 - ________ get medications.
6 - ________ check the place.
7 - ________ carry much money.
8 - ________ get travelers checks.
9 - ________ take a lot of luggage.
10 - ________ check on mastercard.
146
11 - ________ carry your purse.

12 - ________ take your documents with you.
6) Pronunciation Ought to and have to.
Listen and practice. Notice the pronunciation of Ought to and have to in these sentences.
Ought to
Have to
You ought to take a credit card.
- You have to get a passport.
You ought to go in June.
- You have to get a visa.
EXERCISES:
1) Answer these questions in your own words. Use WILL or BE GOING TO. Write complete
sentences:
1- What are you going to do after class? ______________________________________________
2 - Where are you going to have dinner tonight? _________________________________________
3 - When are you taking your vacation next year? _________________________________________
4 - What are you doing on Sunday? ___________________________________________________
5 - Are you going to take another English course next semester? ______________________________
6 - Are you coming to class on Monday? ______________________________________________
2 ) Circle the correct word or phrase:

1- I must (get / to get) the tickets for my trip.
2- I also have (buy / to buy) health insurance.
3- I ought (to call / call) my travel agent this afternoon.
4- I shouldnt (forget / to forget) to make hotel reservations.
5- Id better (take / to take) some warm clothes.
6- I need (go / to go) to the bank to get some checks.
7- I should (call / to call) my uncle and tell him Im going to his house tomorrow.
147
3) Circle the correct word in each sentence.

1- Please clean (off / up / at) your bedroom. Its a mess.
2- Put (away / over / off) the dishes when you have finished.
3- Turn (on / away / down) the TV. Its very loud.
4- Could you take (over / out / on ) the garbage, please?
5- Would you pick (off / out / up) the toys in the living room and put them away?
6- Please hang (up / away / in) your clothes.
4) Dream vacation.
You won some money in a lottery.

Plan interesting trip around the world. Discuss these questions with your partner. Make notes.
1 - Where are you going to go?
_____________________________________________________________
2 - What time of the year should we travel?
_____________________________________________________________
3 - How are we going to travel?
_____________________________________________________________
4 - How long should we spend in this place?
_____________________________________________________________
5 - What hotel are we going to stay?
_____________________________________________________________
6 - What are we planning to do and see thee?
_____________________________________________________________
7 - How much money do we have to take?
_____________________________________________________________
8 - What do we need to take with us?
_____________________________________________________________
148
5) Writing Itineraries
- Write about the trip you planned that you are going to go next semester.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
____________________
6) Complete the conversation with appropriate forms of BE GOING TO or WILL. Then

compare with your partner.
A: Have you made any vacations plans?
B: Well, Ive decided on one thing, I ___________ go camping.
A: Thats great! For how long?

B: I _______________ be away for a week. I only have seven days of vacation.
A: So, when are you leaving?
B: Im not sure. I ____________ probably leave around the end of December.
A: And where _______ you ___________ go?

B: I havent thought about that yet. I guess I ___________ go to one of the national parks.
A: That sounds like fun.

B: Yeah. Maybe I ____________ go hiking and do some fishing.
A: _______ you ______________ rent a camper?

B: Im not sure. Actually, I probably _________ rent a camper its too expensive.
A: _______ you ______________ go with anyone?

B: No. I need some time alone. I _________________ travel by myself.
149
UNIT 22 Sure. No problem!
1) Conversation Making requests.

Mr. Field: JasonJason! Turn down the TV a little, please.
Jason: Oh, but this is my favorite program!
Mr. Field: I know. But its very loud.
Jason: OK. Ill turn it down.
Mr. Field: Thats better. Thanks.
Mr. Field: Lisa, please pick up your things. Theyre all over the
living room floor.
Lisa: In a minute, Mom. Im on the phone.
Mrs. Field: OK. But do it as soon as you hang up.
Lisa:
Sure. No problem!
Mr. Field: Goodness! Were we like this when we were kids?

Mr. Field:
Definitely!
2) Speaking Household chores.

Create a phrase in the list that is usually paired with each verb. (Some words can go with more
verbs) Can you find them?
the counter
the mess
the cat
the oven
the dry cleaning
- the garbage
- the faucet
- the newspapers
- the groceries
- the towels
PHRASAL VERBS
-
clean off
- put out
clean up
- take out
hang up
- throw out
pick up
- turn off
put away
- turn on
150
3) Grammar Focus Two-part verbs; WILL

for responding to requests.
WITH NOUNS
WITH PRONOUNS
REQUESTS AND RESPONSES
Turn down the TV.
Turn it down.
Please turn down the music.
Turn the TV down.

Pick up your things.
OK. Ill turn it down.

Pick them up.
Pick your things up.
Pick up your clothes, please.

Sure. Ill pick them up.
4) Snapshot Common complaints of families with teenagers.
Parents about teens My Kids.
dont help around the house.
have strange friends.
dont listen to my advice.
dress badly and have ugly hairstyle.
watch too much TV.
dont study enough.
Teens about parents My parents.
nag about chores and homework.
dont like my friends.
criticize my appearance.
dont respect my privacy.
always tell me what to do.
dont listen to my opinions.
151
TALK ABOUT THESE QUESTIONS.

-
Have you ever heard parents of children make these complaints? Which ones?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Have you ever had any complaints like these about family members?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________
5) Grammar Focus Requests with modals and Would you mind..?
Modal + simple form of verb
Would you mind..? + gerund.
Can you turn the stereo down?
Would you mind turning the stereo down?
Could you leave the door open, please?
Would you mind not closing the door, please?
Would you please keep the noise down?
Would you mind keeping the noise down?
Apologies People apologize in different ways.

For example: if someone complains about the noise from your TV, you can:
Apologize and. Give an excuse
Im sorry. I didnt realize.
Admit a mistake I forgot the TV up.

Make an offer
Ill turn it down now.
Make a promise Ill make sure to keep the TV down.
6) Pronunciation Stress with two-part verbs.

- Listen and practice. Both words in a two-part verb receive equal stress.
- Please turn down the radio
Turn it down.
- Pick the magazines up, please.
Pick them up.
152
EXERCISES:
1) Write responses to the requests. Use it or them.

1 Please take out the trash.
____________________________________________________________
2 Please put the dishes away.
____________________________________________________________
3 Hang up the towels.
____________________________________________________________
4 Turn off the lights, please.
____________________________________________________________
5 Turn on the radio.
____________________________________________________________
2) Two-part verbs
A) Use words from the list to make two-part verbs. (You will use wods more than once)
Away down off - on out - up

1 clean ____
6 take ____
2 clean ____
7 take ____
3 hang ____
8 pick ____
4 put
____
9 turn ____
5 put
____
10 turn ____
B) Make requests with two-part verbs in part A. Then give a reason for making the request.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________
153
3) Rewrite these questions as indirect questions, using the words in parentheses.

Where is the nearest supermarket? (Do)
_____________________________________________________________
How much does a can of beer cost? (Could)
_____________________________________________________________
What time does the bank close? (Could)
_____________________________________________________________
When does the soap opera start? (Do)
_____________________________________________________________
How often does the teacher come to the school? (Can)
_____________________________________________________________
Who is the new teacher at this school? (Do)
_____________________________________________________________
4) Circle the correct word or phrase.

- I must (get / to get) the tickets for my trip.
- I also have (buy / to buy) health insurance.
- I ought (to call / call) my travel agent this afternoon.
- I shouldnt (forget / to forget) to make hotel reservations.
- Id better (take / to take) some warm clothes.
- I need (go / to go) to the bank to get some checks.
- I should (call / to call) my uncle and tell him Im going to his house tomorrow.
5) Circle the correct word in each sentence.

- Please clean (off / up / at) your bedroom. Its a mess.
- Put (away / over / off) the dishes when you have finished.
- Turn (on / away / down) the TV. Its very loud.
- Could you take (over / out / on ) the garbage, please?
- Would you pick (off / out / up) the toys in the living room and put them away?
- Please hang (up / away / in) your clothes.
154
6) Complete the sentences with these words from the text:
Schedule waste deliver goods major boils change stove ordering - source
a) Water _________________ at 100 degrees Celcius.

b) Pollution is a __________________ problem of our times.
c) Anthony and Frederic __________________ their goods in this city.
d) The old equipment causes a _____________ of energy.
e) What is the _______________ of our classes tomorrow?
f) They are going to ______________ the name of the company.
g) Sally is _______________ her dinner from a Chinese restaurant.
h) Imported _______________ are more expensive.
i) The sun is our _____________ of light.
j) She has an American _________________ in her kitchen.
7) Choose the correct words.

1 Hang up your ________ (books, pants, trash).
2 Take out the _________ (oven, trash, yard).
3 Turn down the _______ ( cigarette, heat, toys).
4 Pick up your ________ (things, light, TV).
5 Put away your _______ (clothes, faucet, yard).
6 Turn on the _________ (cat, mess, radio).
1 Take your feet off my chair. (Can)
___________________________________________________________
2 Take this form to the office. (Would you mind).
___________________________________________________________
155
3 Please turn the CD player down. (Could).

___________________________________________________________
4 Dont leave the door open. (Would you mind).
___________________________________________________________
5 Let me share your book. (Would).
___________________________________________________________
6 Pass me that book, please. (Can).
___________________________________________________________
9) Write a letter to a rich relative, asking him or her to lend you some money. Explain why
you need it and when you will pay it back.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
156
UNIT 23 Whats this for?
1) Conversation
Jennifer: I read the instructions, but Im still not sure how to use my cellular phone.
Richard: Actually, its pretty easy. First of all, dont forget to turn it on.
Jennifer: Got it!
Richard: Then dial the number. And remember to press the send button.
Jennifer: Thats all?
Richard: Pretty much. Just make sure to recharge the batteries every few weeks. And try not to drop
it. Its fragile.
Jennifer: Good advice.
Richard: And one more thing. Be sure to pay the phone bill every month!
2) Speaking Talk to your partner these questions and answer them choosing two more uses
for each place.
What are three uses for computers at home?
What are three uses for computers at school?
What are three uses for computers in a factory?
What are three uses for computers in a restaurant?
157
communicate with people
create the menu
create work schedules
keep the attendance
make budgets
make reports cards
pay household bills
pay the workers
process credit cards
place orders
research papers
run the machines
3) Grammar Focus Infinitives and gerunds

Infinitives and gerunds can describe a use or a purpose.
INFINITIVES
A modern is used to connect computers to phones.
Computers are often used to write letters.
I can use the World Wide Web to find information.
GERUNDS
Its used for connecting computers to phones.
Theyre often used for writing letters.
I can use it for finding information.
4) Snapshot Advances in science and technology in the second half of the twentieth century.
-1957 artificial satellite.

-1962 industrial robot.
-1972 video game.
-1984 compact disc (CD) & CD-Rom.
-1986 DNA fingerprinter.
-1989 World Wide Web.
TALK ABOUT THESE QUESTIONS WITH YOUR PARTNER.
Can you explain the significance of each of these advances?
______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
158
Which do you think is the most important?
___________________________________________________________
Which do you think is the least important?
___________________________________________________________
-
Which have affected your life?
___________________________________________________________
Which have not affected your life?
___________________________________________________________
5) Grammar Focus Infinitive complements.

- Dont forget to turn it on.
- Remember to press the send botton.
- Make sure to recharge the batteries often.
- Try not to drop it frequently.
- Be sure to pay the phone bill every month.
6) Pronunciation Syllable stress.

- Where is the stress in these words and compound nouns? Mark the stressed syllable. Then
listen and check.
- television programs
- telephone calls
- travel reservations
- weather report
- fingerprinting
- photocopy
- fax machine
- Internet
159
EXERCISES:
1) Complete the sentences, using FOR or TO:

a) People use the computer _______ write letters.
b) We can use the Internet ________ find some information.
c) This knife is only ______ cutting bread.
d) Do you wear glasses ________ reading?
e) I had to put on my glasses ______ read the letter.
2) Write a short paragraph of advice on how to use a piece of electronic equipment. Use at least
three of these phrases:
Don't forget to Remember to Make sure to Try not to Be sure to
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
3) Text: Book Compact - page 92, 93

Did Dracula really exist?
Yes and no. Dracula is a book written by the Irish author Bram (Abraham) Stoker (18471912) who told the story of na evil count from Transylvania (now part of Romania). The
nobleman could turn into a vampire bat. He sucked people's blood by biting them on their necks.
His victims became his slaves.
Dracula was a figment of Stoker's vivid imagination, but in the 1400s there was a cruel ruler
of Transylvania known as Vlad the Impaler. He got this nickname because he had awful habit:
he drove stakes through the bodies of his enemies and left them to die. No doubt Stoker had Vlad
in mind when he wrote the book.
160
a) According to the text:

( ) Bram Stoker invented the name Dracula
( ) Bram Stoker didn't invent the name Dracula.
( ) Dracula didn't have slaves.
( ) Dracula became a ruler in the 1400s.
( ) Vlad could turn into a vampire.
b) The book written by Bram Stoker is:
(
) a poem
) a fiction
( ) a Novel
(
) an adventure.
( ) a fable.
c) All the alternatives below are correct, EXCEPT:

(
) Dracula was probably inspired in Vlad the Impaler.
) Vlad the Impaler really lived six hundred years ago.
) Bram Stoker met Vlad the Impaler.
) Bram Stoker was an Irish author.
) Vlad the Impaler tortured his victims.
d) Mark the correct alternative:

(
) Bram Stoker died at the age of 65.
) Vlad became a ruler in 1400.
) Romania bought Transylvania.
) Stoker gave a nickname to Vlad.
) Vlad drove skates through the bodies of his enemies.
e) Mark the correct verb sequence:

(
) to write - written - written
) to become - became - became
) to drive - drove - driven
) to get - got gotten
) to left - left left

161
4) Complete the sentences with these words from the text:
Schedule waste deliver goods major boils change stove ordering - source
a) Water _________________ at 100 degrees Celcius.

b) Pollution is a __________________ problem of our times.
c) Anthony and Frederic __________________ their goods in this city.
d) The old equipment causes a _____________ of energy.
e) What is the _______________ of our classes tomorrow?
f) They are going to ______________ the name of the company.
g) Sally is _______________ her dinner from a Chinese restaurant.
h) Imported _______________ are more expensive.
i) The sun is our _____________ of light.
j) She has an American _________________ in her kitchen.
5) Writing Choose a useful item that you own. Imagine youre going to lend it to a friend.
Write a paragraph giving advice on how to use it.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
6) Give advices to your friend about these objects.
fax machine
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
motorcycle
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
162
1 I use my computer for organizing my money. (budget)
_____________________________________________________________
2 It breaks very easily. (fragile)
_____________________________________________________________
3 Take it out of the outlet. (unplug)
_____________________________________________________________
4 Remember to keep it dry. (spill)
_____________________________________________________________
5 Dont drop the package. (try not to)
_____________________________________________________________
8) Complete the sentences with used to, is used to, are used to.
1 My sister _____________ belong to a chat group on astronomy.
2 People always ____________ mail letters, but nowadays they often fax machine.
3 A cellular phone ___________ make phones calls from cars or from the street.
4 I ____________ have an electric typewriter, but now I have a computer.
5 We just bought a great new CD player. We ___________ have a cassette player, but it was
terrible.
6 Modems ____________ access the Internet.
163
UNIT 24 Lets celebrate!
1) Conversation
Jill: You look beautiful in that Kimono, Mari. Is this your wedding photo?
Mari: Yes, it is.
Jill: Do most Japanese women wear Kimonos when they get married?
Mari: Yes, many of them do. Then after the wedding ceremony, the bride usually changes into a
Western bridal dress during the reception.
Jill:
Oh, I didnt know that.
2) Speaking Marriage customs

Talk about marriage customs in your country. Ask these questions and onthers of your own.
How old are people usually when they get married?
__________________________________________________________
-
Is there an engagement period? How long is it?
__________________________________________________________
-
Who pays for the wedding?
__________________________________________________________
-
Who is invited?
__________________________________________________________
-
Where is the wedding ceremony usually held?
__________________________________________________________
-
What happens during the ceremony?
__________________________________________________________
164
What do the bride and groom usually wear?
__________________________________________________________
-
Is there a reception after the ceremony?
__________________________________________________________
-
What type of food is served at the reception?
__________________________________________________________
-
What kinds of gifts do people usually give?
__________________________________________________________
-
Where do couples like to go on their honeymoon?
__________________________________________________________
-
How long is the honeymoon?
__________________________________________________________
3) Grammar Focus Relatives clauses of time.
Halloween is a day when kids in The United States dress up in masks and costumes.
November 2 is the day when Mexicans observe the Day of the Dead.
Fall is the season when people in The United States and Canada celebrate Thanksgiving.
4) Snapshot Holidays and Festivals
Chinese New Year
Valentines Day
January or February
February 14
Chinese people celebrate
People in many countries
With firecrackers and lion
give chocolates, flowers, or
Dances.
Jewelry to the person they love.
Childrens Day
Day of the Dead
(formerly Boys Day)
November 2
May 5
Mexican families offer food
Japanese families put up
to the dead and then have a meal
Colored streamers shaped
in a ceremony.
Like fish, in honor of their
Children.
Thanksgiving
165
Fall
In October in Canada and in November
In The United States, people celebrate the harvest
By preparing a large meal. They usually serve roast turkey.
5) Grammar Focus Adverbial clauses of time.

-
Before a Japanese couple gets married, they send wedding announcements. (main clause)
When they get married, they usually wear Kimonos.
After they return from the honeymoon, they move into their own home.
6) Pronunciation Stress and rhythm

- Listen and practice. The words with the most important information in a sentence are usually
stressed.
When women get married in Japan, they usually wear Kimonos.
After the wedding ceremony, they change into Western clothes.
EXERCISES
1) Circle the correct word or phrase.

a) I must (get / to get) the tickets for my trip.
b) I also have (buy / to buy) health insurance.
c) I ought (to call / call) my travel agent this afternoon.
d) I shouldnt (forget / to forget) to make hotel reservations.
e) Id better ( take / to take) some warm clothes.
f) I need (go / to go) to the bank to get some travelers checks.
g) I should (call / to call) aunt Susan and tell her Im coming.
166
h) Please clean (off / up / at) your bedroom. Its a mess.

i) Put (away / over / off) the dishes when you have finished.
j) Turn (on / away /down ) the TV. Its very loud.
k) Could you take (over / out / on) the garbage, please?
l) Would you pick (off / out / up) the toys in the living room and put them away?
m) Please hang (up / away / in) your clothes.
n) Wood is use (to making / to make / for make) furniture.
o) Make sure (reading / read / to read) to children.
p) You can use pliers (fix / for fix / for fixing) your bike.
q) Dont forget (for buying / buying / to buy) gas.
r) Try (for getting / get / to get) a good job.
s) A backpack is use (for carrying / carrying / to carrying) books.
t) Scissors are used (to cut / for cut / cut) paper.
u) Be sure (to brush / for brush / brush) your teeth everyday.
v) If I (take / to take / taking) a vacation next summer, I will probably go to Spain.
w) If I (traveling / travel / will trave) first class, it might be expensive.
x) If I stay with friends, it (cost / costing / will cost) less.
y) If I go in December, the weather (have to / may / probably) be cold.
z) If I go in the summer, the cities (has to / probably / might) be crowded.
2) Answer these requests:

a) Would you mind picking up some milk?
___________________________________________________________
b) Could you please not criticize my friends?
___________________________________________________________
167
c) Could you please not talk so loud?

___________________________________________________________
d) Would you mind putting away the videotapes?
___________________________________________________________
e) Can you please take off your sunglasses? I wanna see your eyes!
___________________________________________________________
f) Would you mind turning down the oven?
___________________________________________________________
g) Could you please clean up your room? Its a mess!
___________________________________________________________
h) Have you ever seen an Alfred Hitchcock movie?
___________________________________________________________
i) Did you do your homework yesterday?
___________________________________________________________
j) Did you like dinner last night?
___________________________________________________________
k) Have you lived in this town for a long time?
___________________________________________________________

1) What time do you get up?
___________________________________________________________
2) Whats the first thing you do when you get out of bed?
_____________________________________________________________
3) What do you have for breakfast?
_____________________________________________________________
4) When do you leave for school?
_____________________________________________________________
5) How do you get to work?
_____________________________________________________________
6) Whats your favorite TV program?
___________________________________________________________
168
7) Who was your favorite teacher?

___________________________________________________________
8) Who would you like to hang out with?
___________________________________________________________
9) What time do you go home?
___________________________________________________________
10) Do you go home at the same time every day?
___________________________________________________________
11) Whats the first thing you do when you get home?
___________________________________________________________
12) How much homework do you get each day?
_____________________________________________________________
13) How long do you watch television every day?
_____________________________________________________________
14) What are your favorite actors?
_____________________________________________________________
15) How often do you go out with your friends?
_____________________________________________________________
4) Restate the following, putting the indirect object after the direct object.
1. She gave me the money.

2. He sent her many presents.
3. Please hand me that magazine.
4. Dont tell her the new yet.
5. He brought his sweetheart a box of candy.
6. Dont show Grace these things.
7. He wrote me a letter on Wednesday.
8. She told us the whole story.
9. The teacher gives us too much homework.
10.You made me a promise that you must keep.
169
5) Read and do the exercise about the text:
Nothing ever happens to me.

Im never lost.
Im never late.
My tires are never flat.
My battery is never dead.
I never get stuck in traffic.
I never get hit.
I never hit anyone.
The directions are never wrong.
I never drive at night.
I never drive in strange neighborhoods
I can always find a gas station.
Theres a cop on every corner
In this world, you can either count on your lick, or you can count on a Motorola cellular phone.
Its easy to use, hard to hurt and small enough to fit right in your pocket. Motorola. The best
selling, most-preferred cellular phones in the world. For more information, call 1-800-331-6456,
ext. 3302.
A- Someone is making several statements about his way of life. Match the columns to find
what he means by some of them:
1. Nothing ever happens to me.

2. Im never lost.
3. My tires are never flat.
4. I never get stuck in traffic.
5. I never hit anyone.
6. I never drive in strange neighborhoods.
7. My battery is never dead.
170
( ) He always knows where he is.

( ) He never has any problems while driving.
( ) He only goes to areas hes familiar with.
( ) He never needs to change a punctured tire in the street.
( ) He never is delayed because of too many cars in the road.
( ) His car never strikes other cars by accident.
( ) The electrical system of his car never stops functioning.
B- This ad is about a cellular phone. Mark the features that indicate this is a useful piece of
equipment:
1) ( ) you can use it anytime.
2) ( ) you can make phone calls anywhere.
3) ( ) people can find you anywhere.
4) ( ) you can carry it everywhere
5) ( ) it doesnt need any batteries.
6) ( ) you cant talk to your friends.
6) object.
1.
He sent several letters to her.
________________________________________________________
2.
She brought the books to me.
________________________________________________________
3.
She sent flowers to them.
________________________________________________________
4.
He told the whole story to us.
________________________________________________________
5.
I gave the book to Helen.
________________________________________________________
6.
We wrote several letters to them.
________________________________________________________
171
7.
I took the presents to her.
________________________________________________________
8.
He sold his property to a friend.
________________________________________________________
9.
He gave a piece of the candy to each child.
________________________________________________________
10. Dont show these pictures to anyone.
________________________________________________________
11. He bought several new dresses for his wife.
________________________________________________________
12. They sent some post cards to us from South America.
________________________________________________________
7) Make sentences with IF CLAUSES:

Ex: I / to be / feeling well I / to go to the park. If I am feeling well, I will go to the park.
a) There are not / any buses they / to come back / by taxi.
_____________________________________________________________
b) He / to arrive / before 7 he / to call me
_____________________________________________________________
c) We / to go to RGS we / to visit Gramado
_____________________________________________________________
d) She / to finish / the work she / to go on vacation
_____________________________________________________________
172

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INTERCHANGE

DAYS OF THE WEEK:

MONTHS OF THE YEAR:

January February March April May June July August

What is your first name? ________________________________

Before the sound consonant

Before the sound vowel

- a pen a horse a University

an apple an egg an hour

- a woman a universe a cat

WHY POR QUE

WHY POR QUE (QUESTION)

UNIT 1 Please call me Beth

David: Hello, Im David Garza. Im a new club member.

Beth: Oh. Good. Sun Hee is here.

2) Speaking Checking information

2) What do people call you?

b) Its Elizabeth Silva

3) How do you spell your last name?

c) Everyone calls me Beth

3) Grammar Focus Statements with BE.

Youre from Brazil

youre = you are

Hes from Japan

Shes from Chile

Its a beautiful city

Were from China

Theyre from Canada

theyre = they are

WH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH BE.

Wheres your friend?

Whos Sun Hee?

What are your classmates like?

Theyre very nice.

Where are you and Luisa from?

Were from Brazil.

How are your classes?

Theyre really interesting.

GREETINGS FROM AROUND THE WORLD:

(Canada, The United States, Peru)

(Korea, Japan, Indonesia)

A Kiss on the cheek (Brazil, France, Venezuela)

(The United States, Denmark, Egypt)

A Pat on the back

(Greece, Russia, Mexico)

Which greetings are typical in Brazil?

What are other ways to greet people?

5) Grammar Focus: Yes/No Questions

Are you free?

Is Rick from Mexico?

No, hes not/No, he isnt.

Is Beth from Australia?

No, shes not/No,she isnt.

Are you and Sarah in SP?

No, were not/No,we arent.

Are they in the same class? Yes, they are

No, theyre not/No,they arent.

Is the dog angry?

No, Its not/No, It isnt.

6) Pronunciation Linked sounds

Sun H. is over there My name is Elizabeth S.

3) Complete the sentences with the verb to BE.

4) Answer the questions with YES/NO.

_ a cup of coffee, and then I _ work at 8:45 am.

in a bank. Im a computer operator. I _ my job. Its

I _ work and I have lunch at one oclock. I _ a cup