M.Tech.

Syllabus In Signal Processing and VLSI

I semester
Semester I Subject : Linear Algebra Subject Code : 10MECS101 Hours Per Week : 04 Credits : 04

Chapter1 Linear Models in Economics and Engineering, Systems of Linear Equations, Row Reduction and Echelon Forms, Vector Equations, The Matrix Equations, The Matrix Equation Ax=b, Solution Sets of Linear Systems, Application of Linear Systems, Linear Independence, Introduction to Linear Transformations, The Matrix of a Linear Transformation, Linear Models in Business, Science, and Engineering Supplement Exercises. Chapter2 Computer Models in Aircraft Design, Matrix Operations, The Inverse of Matrix, Characterizations of Invertible Matrices, Partitioned Matrices, Matrix Factorizations, The Leontief Input-Output Model, Applications to Computer Graphics, Subspaces of R, Dimension and Rank, Supplementary Exercise. Chapter3 Determinants in Analytic Geometry, Introduction Determents, Properties of Determinants, Cramers Rule Volume, and Liner Transformations, Supplementary Exercises. Chapter4 Space Flight and Control Systems, Vector Space Column Spaces, and Linear Transformations, Linearly Independent Sets, Bases, Coordinate Systems, The Dimension of Vector Space, Rank, Change of Basis, Applications to Difference Equations, Applications to Markov Chains, Supplementary Exercise. Chapter5 Dynamical Systems, and Spotted Owls, Eigen vectors and Eigen values, The Characteristic Equation, Diagonalization, Eigen vectors and Linear Transformations, Complex Eigenvales, Discrete Dynamical Systems, Applications to Differential Equations, Iterative Estimates for Eigen values, Supplementary Exercise. Chapter6 Readjusting the North American Datum, Inner Product, Length and Orthogonality, Orthogonal Sets, Orthogonal Projections, The Gram-Schmidt Process, Least-Squares Problems, Applications to Linear Models, Inner Product Spaces, Applications of Inner Product Spaces Supplementary Exercises. Text Books: 1. David Lay, Linear Algebra and its Applications, Pearson Education, 3/e. Reference: 1. Hoffman and Kauze, Linear Algebra, Pearson Education, 2/e.

Subject : Fault Tolerant circuits: Analysis & Design

Hours Per Week : 04

Subject Code :

10MECS102

Credits : 04

Chapter1 Threshold Logic, Introductory Concepts, Synthesis of Threshold Networks. Chapter2 Reliable Design and Fault Diagnosis,Hazards, Fault Detection in Combinational Circuits, Fault-Location Experiments, Boolean Differences, Fault Detection by Path Sensitizing, Detection of Multiple Faults, Failure-Tolerant Design, Quadded Logic. Chapter3 Capabilities, Minimization, and Transformation of Sequential Machines, The Finite- State Model- Further Definitions, Capabilities and Limitations of Finite State Machines, State Equivalence and Machine Minimization, Simplification of Incompletely Specified Machines. Chapter4 Structure of Sequential Machines, Introductory Example, State Assignments Using Partitions, The Lattice of closed Partitions, Reductions of the Output Dependency, Input Independence and Autonomous Clocks, Covers and Generation of closed Partitions by state splitting, Information Flow in Sequential Machines, Decompositions. Chapter5 StateIdentifications and Fault-Detection Experiments, Experiments, Homing Experiments, Distinguishing Experiments, Machine Identification, Fault-Detection Experiments. Text Books: 1) Switching and Finite Automata Theory By Zvi Kohavi 2nd Edition. Tata McGraw Hill Edition. Reference books: 1) Digital Circuits and logic Design: By Charles Roth Jr.

Subject : CMOS VLSI DESIGN

Hours Per Week : 04

Subject Code : 10MECS103 Chapter1

Credits : 04

Introduction, MOS device design equations, Complementary CMOS Inverter-DC characteristics, Static Load MOS Inverters, Differential Inverter, Transmission Gate, Tri-state Inverter, Bipolar devices; CMOS Processing Technology Silicon semiconductor technology: An overview, basic CMOS technology, CMOS process enhancements, Layout Design rules, Latch-up, Technology related CAD issues; Circuit Characterization and performance Estimation Resistance Estimation, Capacitance Estimation, Inductance, Switching Characteristics, CMOS gate transistor sizing, Power dissipation, sizing routing conductors, charge sharing; Scaling of MOS circuits Scaling principles, Interconnect layer scaling, Scaling models and scaling factors, scaling factors for device parameters, some discussion on scaling, and limitations of scaling. Chapter 2 Introduction, CMOS Logic Gate Design, Basic Physical Design of Simple Logic Gates, CMOS Logic Structures; Sequential circuit design: Sequencing static circuits, circuit design of latches and flip-flops, static sequencing element methodology, sequencing dynamic circuits, synchronizers; Clocking Strategies, I/O Structures, Low power Design Chapter 3 Introduction, Data path operations- Addition/ subtraction, Parity Generators, Comparators, Zero/one detectors, Binary counters, Boolean operations-ALUs, Multiplication, Shifters, Memory Elements, Control-FSM, Control Logic Implementation Chapter 4 VLSI System design: IP-Based design, Low power gates, Gates as IP, Combinational logic networks: standard cell based layout, Combinational network delay, Logic and interconnect design, Power optimization, FPGAs, Programmable logic arrays,

Reference books: 1. PRINCIPLES OF CMOS VLSI DESIGN NEIL WESTE & KAMARAN ESHRAGHIAN 2. CMOS DIGITAL INTEGRATED CIRCUTIS Analysis and Design- SUNG-MOKANG & YUSUF LEBLEBICI 3. CMOS VLSI DESIGN- NEIL WESTE & DAVID HARRIS & AYAN BANERJEE 4. MODERN VLSI DESIGN (IP BASED DESIGN)- WAYNE WOLF 5. MODERN VLSI DESIGN (SOC DESIGN)-WAYNE WOLF Subject : Low Power VLSI Design Hours Per Week : 04

Subject Code : 10MECS104

Credits : 05

Chapter1 Introduction, Low power Design: An overview, Low Voltage, Low-Power Design Limitations, Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI),From Devices to Circuits. Chapter2 Isolation in BiCMOS, Typical Analog/Digital BiCMOS Process, Deep Submicron Process. (Excluding 2.4.2.3, 2.4.2.4, 2.4.3, 2.6.2 to 2.6.4) Chapter3 Device & Technology Impact on Low Power: Dynamic dissipation in CMOS, Transistor sizing & gate oxide thickness, Impact of technology Scaling, Technology & Device innovation. Power estimation, Simulation Power analysis: SPICE circuit simulators, gate level logic simulation, capacitive power estimation, static state power, gate level capacitance estimation, architecture level analysis, data correlation analysis in DSP systems, Monte Carlo simulation. Probabilistic power analysis: Random logic signals, probability & frequency, probabilistic power analysis techniques, signal entropy. Chapter4 Low Power Design Low-Power CMOS Logic Circuits: Introduction, Low-Power Deign Through Voltage Scaling, Estimation and Optimization of Switching Activity, Reduction of Switched Capacitance. Circuit level: Power consumption in circuits. Flip Flops & Latches design. Logic level: Gate reorganization, signal gating, logic encoding, state machine encoding, precomputation logic Chapter 5 Low power Architecture & Systems: Power & performance management, switching activity reduction, parallel architecture with voltage reduction, flow graph transformation, low power arithmetic components, introduction to low power memory design. Low power Clock Distribution: Power dissipation in clock distribution, single driver Vs distributed buffers, Zero skew Vs tolerable skew, chip & package co design of clock network. Algorithm & Architectural Level Methodologies: Introduction, design flow, Algorithmic level analysis & optimization, Architectural level estimation & synthesis. Reference Books: 1) CMOS/BiCMOS ULSI Low Voltage, Low Power by Kiat-Seng Yeo/ Samir S. Rofail/Wang-Ling Goh. 2) Kaushik Roy, Sharat Prasad, Low-Power CMOS VLSI Circuit Design Wiley, 2000 3) Gary K. Yeap, Practical Low Power Digital VLSI Design, KAP, 2002 4) Rabaey, Pedram, Low Power Design Methodologies Kluwer Academic, 1997

ELECTIVE I

Subject :

Testing and Testability

Hours Per Week : 04 Credits : 04

Subject Code : 10MECS151

Chapter1 Introduction: Problem of testing, necessity and complexity. Fault-classifications, Classifications of faults based on their locality and period, shorts, opens, and bridging fault, Logical Fault Models Fault detection Fault Location Fault dominance, fault-modeling, stuck at fault model, single stuck fault model and multiple stuck fault model. Chapter2 Types of testing, Elementary testing concepts and techniques, Test Algorithms-path sensitization method, Boolean differences method, D-algorithm, PODEM and FAN Chapter3 Testing of sequential circuits, Testing of PLAs: Stuck-at vs. cross-point fault model.Testable PLA Designs Chapter4 Fault simulation: Need and techniques for fault-simulation. Concept of even driven simulation. Serial fault-simulation. Parallel fault simulation. Parallel pattern fault simulation. Deductive fault simulation. Concurrent fault simulation. Chapter5 Delay models, Effect of delays on the logic of the circuit. Delay modeling for Gates, delay modeling for functional elements, gate-level event-driven simulation. Chapter6 Memory testing: Classification of memory faults. Testable Memory Design - Various memory testing techniques. Chapter7 Built-in-self-test: Need and associated problems, test pattern generation for BIST, Circular BIST BIST Architectures , built-in-logic-block observation, self testing using MISR and parallel SRSG, concurrent BIST architecture, Theory of LFSRs and their uses in testing. Signature analysis techniques, Exhaustive and pseudo-exhaustive testing. Chapter8 Design for testability: Need and problems, Adhoc techniques, controllability and obervability, LSSD techniques,Generic scan based designs- Full serial integrated scan, isolated serial scan, nonserial scan. Text Books 1) Digital system testing and testable design, Abramovici, Breuer, Frieddman Digital circuit testing and testability, PK Lala Reference Books 1) Digital logic testing and simulation By Miczo 2) Fault-tolerant computing, Ed.D.K. Pradhan 3) Boundary Scan Test: A practical approach, Blecker, Eijinden, Jang. Subject : System Modeling and Simulation Hours Per Week : 04

Subject Code : 10MECS152

Credits : 04

Chapter1 The nature of Simulation, definition of system models and simulation, structure of simulation models, advantages of simulation, steps on a simulation study, classification of simulation models, examples of discrete event simulation, continuous simulation and Monte Carlo simulation- simulation queuing, system inventory control and forecasting. Chapter2 Selecting input probability distributions, random number generators, testing of random number generator, generating random varieties for standard distributions, output analysis for a single system, Comparing alternative system Configuration, experimental design and optimization, design and evaluation of simulation experiments. Chapter3 GPSS General description, facilities, storages, queues, transfer blocks, control statements, varieties logic switches, Boolean variables, functions, concept of user chains facility preemption, matching. Chapter4 Introduction to SIMSSCRIPT and MODSIM III Text Books: 1) Simulation Modeling and Analysis Averill M Law, W. David Keltron, McGraw Hill. 2) System Simulation Geoffray Gorden PHI 3) Systems Simulation, the Art and Science Robert E Shannon PHI. 4) An Introduction to Simulation using GPSS/H Thomas J Schriber, John Wiley. Reference Books: 5) Digital Computer Simulation Fred Maryaski CBS 6) System Simulation with Digital Computer N Deo PHI 7) System Simulation Payne McGrew Hill- Kogakusha 8) Computer Simulation Waston and John H Blackstone John Wiley. 9) Discrete Event System Simulation Banks, Carson and Nelson PHI

Subject : Digital Control Systems

Hours Per Week : 04

Subject Code : 10MECS153 Chapter1 Introduction

Credits : 04

Chapter2 Sampling and data Reconstruction, effect of quantization Chapter3 Z-Transforms Chapter4 Analysis of Linear sample data Chapter5 Sate variable techniques Chapter6 Stability Criteria (RH, BT, Jurys, Raibles & Root locus for DCS) Chapter7 Application to Computer control systems Text Books: 1)Digital Control Systems by B.C. Kuo, MGH Reference Books: 1) Digital Control by R Iserman 2) Digital Control Using Microprocessors by Paul Katz.

Subject : Probability Theory & Random Variables

Hours Per Week : 04

Subject Code : 10MECS154

Credits : 04

Chapter1 Sample space, Field or Algebra, Events, Axioms of Probability, Elementary Properties of Probability, Problems on Elementary Probability Theory, Conditional Probability, Relative frequency Interpretation, Properties of conditional probability, Product Rule, Problems on Product Rule. Chapter2 Total Probability, Bays Theorem, Problems on Total Probability and Bayes Rules. Independent Events, Properties of Independent Events, Problems on Independent Events. Chapter3 The Probability Distribution Function, Examples of CDF, Relative frequency interpretation of CDF, Properties of CDF, Classification of Random Variables, Tis Dirac Delta Function. The Density Function, Properties of PDF, Relative frequency interpretation of PDF, Problems on CDF and PDF. Chapter4 Distribution function of y=g(x), Density function of Y=g(x), Problems on finding CDF & PDF of Y=g(x), Mean value and Variance of an R.V, Mean value of an R.V, Properties of expected value, Variance of a random variable, Properties of variance, Problems on man and variance, Moments of R.V, Relation between mk and k, Two inequalities, Further Characterization of an R.V, Characteristic functions, Moment generating functions, Problems on moment generating functions. Chapter5 Binomial Distribution, Mean and variance of Binomial r.v, MGF of Binomial R.V.Problems on Binomial distribution, Poisson Distribution, Mean and variance of problem R.V, MGF of Poisson R.V., Problems on Poisson Distribution, Negative Binomial Distribution, Geometric Distribution, Mean and variance of Geometric R.V,MGF of Geometric R.V, Problems on Geometric Distribution. Text Book: 1. Dr.P.S. Sathyanarayana, Probability, Information and Coding Theory, Dynaram Publications. Reference Book: Mayer, Statistical Probability Theory and Applications.

Semester II

Subject: Advanced Digital Signal Processing Subject Code: 10MECS201 Chapter1 Review of digital Filters

Hours Per Week: 04

Credits: 05

Chapter2 Basic multirate operations, polyphase representation, multistage implementations. Lab excersice on the above topics Chapter3 A Simple alias free QMF system, Power symmetric QMF banks, perfect reconstruction (PR) systems, tree structured filter banks. Lab excersice on the above topics Chapter4 Two channel FIR paraunitary QMF banks, M-Channel FIR paraunitary filter banks. Chapter5 Lattice structure for linear phase FIR PR QMF banks. Lab excersice on the above topics Chapter6 Cosine modulated filter banks, design of psuedo QMF bank, efficient polyphase structures. Chapter7 The Wavelet transform and its relations to multirate filter banks. Lab excersice on the above topics Text Books: 1)Multirate Systems and Filter Banks By Vaidyanathan PP 2)Multirate Digital Signal Processing By Filege N.J & Johan Wiley,

Subject : Analog and Mixed VLSI design

Hours Per Week : 04

Subject Code : 10MECS202

Credits : 04

Chapter1 Introduction to CMOS Analog Circuits : MOS transistor DC and AC small signal parameters from large signal model, Single stage amplifier: Common Source Amplifier, Common drain and Common gate amplifiers : with resistive load, diode load and current source load, Source follower, Common gate amplifier, Cascode amplifier, Folded Cascode, Frequency response of amplifiers, Current source/sink/mirror, Matching, Wilson current source and Regulated Cascode current source, Band gap reference, Chapter2 Analysis of analog circuits: Stability and Frequency response, Nonlinear and mismatching, noise analysis, band gap reference. Chapter3 Differential Amplifier, Gilbert cell, Op-Amp, Design of 2 stage Op-Amp,DC and AC response, Frequency compensation, slew rate, Offset effects, PSRR, Noise, Comparator Chapter4 Sense Amplifier, Sample and Hold, Sampled data circuits, Switched capacitor filters, DAC, ADC, RF amplifier, Oscillator, PLL, Mixer. Chapter5 Short channel effects and Submicron process flow 1. Razavi B., Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits, McGraw Hill, 2001 2. R. Jacob Baker,CMOS: Mixed-Signal Circuit Design, John Wiley, 2008 3. Baker, Li, Boyce, CMOS: Circuit Design, Layout and Simulation, Prentice Hall of India, 2000 4. E. Allen, Douglas R. Holberg, CMOS Analog circuit Design 5. Grey and Meyer, Analog Circuit Design 6. R. Jacob Baker,CMOS: Mixed-Signal Circuit Dedsign; Volume II.

Subject : Adaptive Signal Processing

Hours Per Week : 04

Subject Code :

10MECS203

Credits : 05

Chapter1 Linear estimation of Signals Predication, Filtering, Smoothing, co-relation cancellation, wiener filter, recursive LMS estimation, Kalman filter. Lab excersice on the above topics Chapter2 Adaptive filtering, delay line structure, Least Mean Squares (LMS) & Recursive Least Squares (RLS) algorithms and their convergence performance. Chapter3 IIR Adaptive filtering & transform domain filtering. Lab excersice on the above topics Chapter4 Applications- Noise & Echo cancellation, Side lobe nulling in Antennas, Channel identification & Equalization. Lab excersice on the above topics Text Books: 1)Adaptive Filters Theory & Applications By B. Farhang Boroujeny, PHI, 1998 2) Adaptive filter Theory By Haykins S. PH USA, 1996.

Subject : Digital Signal Compression

Hours Per Week : 04

Subject Code :

10MECS204

Credits : 04

Chapter1 Huffman Coding & arithmetic coding Adaptive Huffman Coding, Golomb Codes, Rice Codes, Tunstall Codes, Applications of Huffman Coding, Overview, Introduction, Coding a Sequence, Generating a Binary Code, Comparison of Huffman and Arithmetic Coding, Applications. Chapter2 Predictive Coding Introduction, Prediction with partial match, the burrows-wheeler transforms, CALIC, JPEG-LS, Multiresolution Approaches, Facsimile Encoding, Dynamic Markov Compression. Chapter3 Source Modules and Quantization Overview, Introduction, Distortion Criteria, Models, Scalar Quantization, The Quantization Problem, Uniform Quantizer, Adaptive Quantization, Nonuiform Quantization, Vector Quantization, Advantages of Vector Quantization over Scalar Quantization, The Linde-Buzo-gray Algorithm, Tree-Structured Vector Quantizers, Structured Vector Quantizers, variations on the Theme, Trellis-Coded Quantization. Chapter4 Differential Coding Overview, Introduction, The Basic Algorithm, Predication in DPCM, Adaptive DPCM, Delta Modulation, Speech Coding, Image Coding. Chapter5 Transform and Sub band Coding, Overview, Introduction, The transform, Transforms of Interest, Quantization and Coding of Transform Coefficients, Application to image compression-JPEG, Application to Audio compression, Subband Coding, Filters, The basic subband coding Algorithm, bit Allocation, Application to Speech Coding,-G.722, Application to Audio Coding-MPEG Audio, Application to Image Compression. Chapter6 Wavelet Based Compression Wavelet-Based Compression, Overview, Introduction, Wavelets, Multiresolution analysis and the scaling functions, Implementation using filters, Image Compression, Embedded Zero tree Coder, Set partitioning in Hierarchical trees, JPEG-2000. Text Books: 1)Introduction to Data Compression By Khalid Sayood, Elsevier Publications. Reference Books: 1) Digital Coding of waveforms- Principles and Application to Speech and Video by Jayant N.S., Noll P, Prentice Hall 1984. 2) The Data Compression Book By Mark Nelson and Jean-Loup Gailly.

ELECTIVE II Subject : VLSI algorithms, synthesis and automation

Hours Per Week : 04

Subject Code : 10MECS251 Credits : 04 Chapter1 Algorithms for VLSI Design Automation: Introduction to Design Methodologies, The VLSI Design problem, The Design Domains, Design Actions, Design methods and technologies. A quick tour of VLSI Design Automation Tools, Algorithmic and System Design, Structural and Logic Design, Transistor level design, Layout Design, Verification methods, Design Management Tools. Algorithmic graph theory and computational complexity, Terminology, Data structures for the representation of graphs, Computational complexity, Examples of graph algorithms, Depth first search, Breadth first search, Dijkstras shortest path algorithm, Frims algorithm for minimum spanning trees. Chapter2 Tractable and Intractable problems, Combinatorial optimization problems, Decision problems, Complexity classes, NP completeness and NP hardness, Consequences. Layout Compaction, Design rules, Symbolic layout, Problem formulation, Application of compaction, Informal problem formulation, Graph theoretical formulation, Maximum distance constraints, Algorithms for constraint graph compaction, A longest path algorithm for DAGS, The longest path in graph with cycles, The Liao wong algorithm, The Bellman Ford Algorithm, Discussion shortest paths, longest paths and time complexity, Other Issues. Chapter3 Partitioning for Synthesis, Software versus Hardware, General Guidelines, Technology Independence, Clock Related Logic, No Glue Logic at the Top, Module Name Same as File Name, Pads Separate from Core Logic, Minimize Unnecessary Hierarchy, Register All Outputs, Guidelines for FSM Synthesis, Logic Inference, Incomplete Sensitivity Lists, Memory Element Inference, Multiplexer Inference, Three-State Inference, Order Dependency, Environment and Constraints, Design Environment, Design Constraints, Advanced Constraints, Clocking Issues, Pre-Layout, Post-Layout, Generated Clocks, Design Space Exploration, Total Negative Slack, Compilation Strategies, Top-Down Hierarchical Compile, Time-Budgeting Compile, Compile-Characterize-Write-ScriptRecompile, Design Budgeting, Resolving Multiple Instances, Optimization Techniques, Compiling the Design, Flattening and Structuring, Removing Hierarchy, Optimizing Clock Networks, Optimizing for Area; Physical synthesis: Initial Setup, Important Variables, Modes of Operation, RTL 2 Placed Gates, Gates to Placed Gates, Other PhyC Commands, Physical Compiler Issues, Back-End Flow. Chapter4 Placement and partitioning, Circuit representation, Wire length estimation, Types of placement problem, Placement Algorithms, Constructive placement, Iterative improvement, Partitioning, The Kernighan Lin partitioning Algorithm. Floor planning, Floor planning concepts, Terminology and floor plan representation, Optimization problems in floor planning, Shape functions and floor plan sizing. Routing, Types of local routing problems, Area routing, Channel routing, Channel routing models, The vertical constraints graph, Horizontal constraints and the left-edge algorithm Channel routing algorithm, Introduction to global routing, Standard cell layout, Building lock layout and channel ordering, Algorithms for global routing, Problem definition and discussion, Efficient rectilinear Steiner tree construction, Local transformations for global routing. Text Book: 1) ASIC By Michael John Sebistion Smith 2) ADVANCED ASIC CHIP SYNTHESIS by Himanshu Bhatnagar ELECTIVE II Subject : Operating System and RTOS

Hours Per Week : 04

Subject Code :

10MECS252

Credits : 04

Chapter1 Introduction to process and CPU scheduling; Fundamental concepts of multiprogrammed OS, Implementation techniques, Microkernel architecture of OS. Basic concepts of threads, Types of threads, Multithreading and Thread implementation. Chapter2 Interprocess synchronization and communication (critical section problem, Sema-phore monitor) Dead Locks. Interrupt Service routines, device drivers, Protection and security. Chapter3 Introduction to parallel processing. Pipeline processing and distributed system and computing. Chapter4 Introduction RTOS, comparison between general OS and RTOS, design concepts of RTOS. Chapter5 Case studies: Windows 2000-Server, Linux, RT linux, Vx-Works, etc... Text Books: 1) Operating System Concepts By Silberschatz & Galvin 6th / 7th Edition. 2) Parallel Computer Architecture By David Culler. 3) Modern Operating Systems By Andrew S Tanenbaum. 4) Real time systems By CM Krishna 5) Embedded Systems By Rajkamal

ELECTIVE II Subject : Artificial Neural Networks

Hours Per Week : 04

Subject Code :

10MECS253

Credits : 04

Chapter1 Introduction: Models of a Neuron, Neural Networks viewed as directed graphs, Feedback, Networks Architectures, knowledge representation, Artificial intelligence and Neural Networks. Chapter2 Learning Processes:Error Correction, Memory based, Hebbian, Competitive, Boltzmann learning methods. Learning with a teacher and without a teacher, memory, Adaptation, Statistical nature of the learning process, Statistical Learning theory. Chapter3 Supervised learning: Single Layer Networks, Perceptions, Linear separability, perceptron training algorithm, Guarantee of success modifications. -Multilayer Networks I, Multilevel discrimination, preliminaries, back propagation algorithm, Setting parameter values, Theoretical results, Acceleration of learning process and Applications. Chapter4 Multilayer Networks II: Madalines, Adaptive multilayer networks, prediction networks, RBF, polynomial networks and regularization. Chapter5 Unsupervised Learning: Winner-Take-All Networks, Learning Vector quantities, Counter propagation networks, Adaptive resonance theory, Topologically organized networks, Distance based learning neocognition, principal component analysis networks. Chapter6 Associative Models: Non-iterative procedure for Association, Hopfield Networks, BrainState-in-a-Box Network, Boltzmann Machines and Hetero associators. Chapter7 Optimization Methods: Optimization using Hopfield Networks, Iterated gradient descent, simulated annealing, Random search, Evolutionary Computation. Text Books: 1) Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation by Simon Haykin Prentice Hall, NJ 2nd Edition. 2) Elements of Artificial Neural Networks by Kishan Mehrotra, Chilukuri K Mohan & Sanjay Ranka, Penram International Publisher (India) Pvt.Ltd. Reference Books: 1) Artificial Neural Networks by B. Yagnanarayana, PHI, 2) Artificial Neural Networks by Robort J. Schalkoff MGH international edition.

ELECTIVE II Subject : Pattern Recognition Hours Per Week : 04

Subject Code :

10MECS254

Credits : 04

Chapter1 Introduction: Applications of pattern recognition, statistical decision theory, image processing and analysis. Chapter2 Probability: Introduction, probability of events, random variables, Joint distributions and densities, moments of random variables, estimation of parameters from samples, minimum risk estimators. Chapter3 Statistical Decision Making: Introduction, Bays Theorem, multiple features, conditionally independent features, decision boundaries, unequal costs of error, estimation of error rates, the leaving-one-out technique, characteristic curves, estimating the composition of populations. Chapter4 Nonparametric Decision Making: Introduction, histograms, Kernel and window estimators, nearest neighbor classification techniques, adaptive decision boundaries, adaptive discriminant functions, minimum squared error discriminant functions, choosing a decision making technique. Chapter5 Clustering: Introduction, hierarchical clustering, partitional clustering. Chapter6 Artificial Neural Networks: Introduction, nets without hidden layers, nets with hidden layers, the back propagation algorithms, Hopfield nets, an application. Chapter7 Processing of Waveforms and Images: Introduction, gray level scaling transformations, equalization, geometric image and interpolation, smoothing transformations, edge detection, Laplacian and sharpening operators, line detection and template matching, logarithmic gray level scaling, the statistical significance of image features. Text Books: 1) Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis Eart Gose, Richard Jonsonbaugh and Steve Jost Prentice-Hall of India-2003.

Semester III
Subject : DSP algorithm implementation in VLSI Hours Per Week : 04

Subject Code :

10MECS301

Credits : 05

Chapter1 Introduction to Digital Signal Processing Systems, Behavior and Architecture: Dedicated and Programmable VLSI architectures, Instruction sets and through enhancement techniques (Parallelism, pipelining, cache, etc.) Chapter 2 DSP Architecture Concepts: Typical DSP instruction set and its VLSI implementation Dedicated Hardware Architecture Concepts: Example and Case studies. Dedicated DSP architecture Concepts: Synthesis, Scheduling and Resource allocation, Conventional Residue number, distributed arithmetic architecture Chapter 3 Iteration Bound, Pipelining and Parallel Processing, Retiming, Unfolding, Folding, Systolic Architecture Design, Fast Convolution, Algorithmic Strength Reduction in Filters and Transforms, Pipelined and Parallel Recursive and Adaptive Filters, Scaling and Round off Noise, Digital Lattice Filter Structures, Bit-Level Arithmetic Architectures, Redundant Arithmetic, Numerical Strength Reduction, Synchronous, Wave, and Asynchronous Pipelines, Low-Power Design, Programmable Digital Signal Processors. Lab excersice on the above topics Chapter 4 DSP kernels implementation architecture, Hardware multiplier-based and multiplex-less architectures Different implementation styles, several algorithmic and architectural transformations, implement weighted-sum based DSP kernels. Programmable DSP-based implementation; Programmable processors with no dedicated hardware multiplier; Implementation using hardware multiplier(s) and adder(s); Distributed Arithmetic (DA)based implementation; Residue Number System (RNS)-based implementation; and Multiplier-less implementation (using adders and shifters), fixed coefficient DSP kernels. Analysis of several algorithmic and architectural transformations, Classification of the transformations based on the properties that they exploit and their encapsulation. Lab excersice on the above topics Chapter 5 Data converter modeling, SNR, Noise shaping, implementation of data converters, integrator based CMOS filters. Lab excersice on the above topics Reference Books: 1. VLSI Synthesis of DSP Kernels: Algorithmic and Architectural Transformations by Mahesh Mehendale, Sunil D. Sherlekar. 2.VLSI Digital Signal Processing Systems: Design and Implementation by Keshab K. Parhi

3. Lars Wanhammar, DSP Integrated Circuits, Academic Press 1999. 4. Mixed-signal and DSP Design Techniques (Analog Devices) by Walt Kester
5. CMOS Mixed Signal Circuit Design Volume II by R. Jacob Baker

Subject : STATISTICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING Subject Code : 10MECS302

Hours Per Week : 04

Credits : 04

Chapter1 Random Processes: Random variables, random processes, white noise, filtering random processes, spectral factorization, ARMA, AR and MA processes. Chapter2 Signal Modeling: Least squares method, Pad approximation, Prony's method, finite data records, stochastic models, Levinson-Durbin recursion; Schur recursion; Levinson recursion. Chapter3 Spectrum Estimation: Nonparametric methods, minimum-variance spectrum estimation, maximum entropy method, parametric methods, frequency estimation, principal components spectrum estimation. Chapter4 Optimal and Adaptive Filtering: FIR and IIR Wiener filters, Discrete Kalman filter, FIR Adaptive filters: Steepest descent, LMS, LMS-based algorithms, adaptive recursive filters, RLS algorithm. Chapter4 Array Processing: Array fundamentals, beam-forming, optimum array processing, performance considerations, adaptive beam-forming, linearly constrained minimumvariance beam-formers, side-lobe cancellers, spacetime adaptive processing. REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Monson H. Hayes, Statistical Digital Signal Processing and Modeling , John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte. Ltd., 2002. 2. Dimitris G. Manolakis, Vinay K. Ingle, and Stephen M. Kogon, "Statistical and Adaptive Signal Processing: Spectral Estimation, Signal Modeling, Adaptive Filtering and Array Processing, McGraw-Hill International Edition, 2000. 3. Bernard Widrow and Samuel D. Stearns, "Adaptive Signal Processing, Pearson Education (Asia) Pte. Ltd., 2001. 4. Simon Haykin, "Adaptive Filters, Pearson Education (Asia) Pte. Ltd, 4th edition, 2002

Elective III Subject : Embedded System Design Subject Code : 10MECS331

Hours Per Week : 04 Credits : 04

Chapter 1 Introduction to Embedded System: An embedded system, processor, hardware unit, soft ware embedded into a system, Example of an embedded system, OS services, I/O, N/W, O/S, Real time and embedded OS. Processor and Memory Organization, Devices And Buses for Device Networks: I/O devices, serial communication using FC, CAN devices, device drivers, parallel port device driver in a system, serial port device driver in a system, device driver for internal programmable timing devices, interrupt servicing mechanism, V context and periods for switching networked I/O devices using ISA, PCI deadline and interrupt latency and advanced buses. Process Communication and Synchronization of Processors Tasks Chapter 2 Introduction to ASIC: Full Custom with ASIC, Semi custom ASICS, Standard Cell based ASIC, Gate array based ASIC, Channeled gate array, Channel less gate array, structured get array, Programmable logic device, FPGA design flow, ASIC cell libraries Data Logic Cells: Data Path Elements, Adders, Multiplier, Arithmetic Operator, I/O cell, Cell Compilers. Programmable ASIC: programmable ASIC logic cell, ASIC I/O cell. (Programming using Verilog) Chapter 3 Introduction to FPGA: Logic block, Interconnection resources, Economy of FPGA, Applications of FPGA, Implementation Process, Concluding remarks, Programming technology, Static RAM programming technology, Anti-fuse programming technology, EPROM and EEPROM technology, Commercially available FPGAs, FPGA design flow example. Technology mapping of FPGA, Logic synthesis and optimization, Registertransfer level systems, Execution Graph, Organization of System, Implementation of RTL Systems, Analysis of RTL Systems, and Design of RTL Systems. Data Subsystems, Storage Modules, Functional Modules, Data paths, Control Subsystems, Micro programmed Controller, Structure of a micro programmed controller, Micro instruction Format, Micro instruction sequencing, Micro instruction Timing, Basic component of a micro system, memory subsystem. (Programming using VHDL/Verilog) Chapter 4 High performance embedded processors: An detailed architectural design, Instruction set and programming in ARM-11, philips/TI/Free scale cold fire embedded processors and programming concepts. Chapter 5 Hardware and software co-design: Hardware-software background: embedded systems, models of design representation, the virtual machine hierarchy, the performance modeling, hardware software development, ADEPT modeling environment. Motivation for object oriented technique, data types, modeling hardware components as classes, designing specialized components, data decomposition, and processor example . Chapter 6 Wireless Embedded system design: Protocol design and validation, network embedded systems operating systems and programming, Bluetooth and IrDA, wireless sensor networks and ZigBee, wireless LAN- IEEE 802.11, RFID, GSM and GPRS, ubiquitous computing.

REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Raj Kamal, Embedded systems Architecture, Programming and Design , TMH. 2. Jane W. S., Liu, Real Time Systems, Pearson Education Asia Pub

3. M.J.S .Smith, - Application - Specific Integrated Circuits Pearson Education, 2003. 4. M. Ercegovac, T. Lang and L.J. Moreno, Introduction to Digital Systems, Wiley,2000. 5. Sanjaya Kumar, James H. Ayler The Co-design of Embedded Systems: A Unified Hardware Software Representation, Kluwer Academic Publisher, 2002 . 6. Peter Marwedel, G. Goosens, Code Generation for Embedded Processors, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1995. 7. Computers as Components: Principles of Embedded Computing System Design, by Wayne Wolf, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2001. 8. Programming Microsoft Windows CE, Second Edition, by Doug Boling, Microsoft Press, 2003 9. Field Programmable Gate Arrays, Stephen D Brown, Robert J Francies, Kulwer Academic Publications. 10. Reference data manuals of ARM/ Freescale cold fire MCF5223X/ HCS12X microcontroller/ TI/Philips processors.

Elective III Subject: Wireless Communication Networks Hours Per Week: 04

Subject Code:

10MECS332

Credits: 04

Chapter1 Fundamentals of Wireless Communications, Modulations Techniques Communication, Propagations Modules, Structerd Spectrum Techniques.

for

Wireless

Chapter2 Cellular Wireless Networks and Standards Principles of Cellular Networks, Wireless Standards, AMPS and ETACS, USDC, GSM, CDMA (IS-95). Chapter3 Wireless Networking Mobile IP and Wireless Access Protocol, Cordles Systems and Wireless Local Loop. Chapter4 Wireless LAN Wireless LAN Technology, IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN structured, Bluetooth Technology. Text Books: 1)Wireless Communications and Networks By William Stallings, Pearson Education, 2004 2)Wireless Communications: Principles and Paractice By T.S. Rappaport, Pearson Education 2nd Ediition, 2003.

Elective III Subject : BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING Hours Per Week : 04

Subject Code :

10MECS333

Credits : 04

Chapter 1 FINITE AND INFINITE IMPULSE RESPONSE FILTERS: Characteristics of FIR filters, Smoothing filters, Notch filters and derivatives, Window Design, Frequency Sampling and Minimax design. Generic Equations of IIR Filters, Integrators and design Methods of two pole filters. Chapter 2 VLSI IN DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING: Digital signal processors, High-performance VLSI signal processing, VLSI applications in medicine , VLSI sensors for biomedical signals VLSI tools. Chapter 3 Data Compression Techniques: Lossy and Lossless data reduction Algorithms. ECG data compression using Turning point, AZTEC, CORTES, Huffman coding, vector quantisation, DCTand the K L transform. Chapter 4 Cardiological Signal Processing: Pre-processing. QRS Detection Methods. Rhythm analysis. Arrhythmia Detection Algorithms. Automated ECG Analysis. ECG Pattern Recognition. Heart rate variability analysis. Chapter 5 Adaptive Noise Cancelling: Principles of Adaptive Noise Cancelling. Adaptive Noise Cancelling with the LMS Adaptation Algorithm. Noise Cancelling Method to Enhance ECG Monitoring. Fetal ECG Monitoring. Chapter 6 Signal Averaging, polishing - mean and trend removal, Prony's method. Linear prediction. Yule - walker (Y -W) equations. Chapter 7 Neurological Signal Processing: Modeling ofEEG Signals. Detection of spikes and spindles Detection of Alpha, Beta and Gamma Waves. Auto Regressive(A.R.) modeling of seizure EEG. Sleep Stage analysis. Inverse Filtering. Least squares and polynomial modeling. UNIT -VIII Original Prony's Method. Prony's Method based on the Least Squares Estimate. Analysis of Evoked Potentials. TEXT BOOKS 1. Rangaraj M. Rangayyan - Biomedical Signal Analysis. 2. D.C.Reddy, Biomedical Signal Processing- principles and techniques, Tata McGrawHill, 2005. REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Weitkunat R, Digital Bio signal Processing, Elsevier, 1991. 2. Akay M , Biomedical Signal Processing, Academic: Press 1994 3. Cohen. A, Biomedical Signal Processing -Vol. I Time & Frequency Analysis, CRC Press, 1986. 4. Biomedical digital Signal Processing, willis J.Tompkins, PHI, Elective III Subject : Advanced Computer Architecture Hours Per Week : 04

Subject Code :

10MECS334

Credits : 04

Chapter1 Parallel Computer Models The State of Computing, Multiprocessors and Multicomputers, Multivector and SIMD Computers. Chapter2 Processors and Memory Hierarchy, Advanced Processor Technology, Superscalar and Vector Processors, Memory Hierarchy Technology, Virtual Memory Technology. Chapter3 Bus, Cache, and Shared Memory Backplane Bus Systems, Cache Memory Organizations, Shared Memory Organization. Chapter4 Pipelining and Superscalar Techniques, Linear pipeline Processors, Nonlinear Pipeline Processors, Instruction Pipeline Design, Arithmetic Pipeline Design, Super Scalar and Super Pipeline Design. Chapter5 Multiprocessors and Multicomputers, Multiprocessors System Interconnects, The Cache coherence and Synchronization Mechanism, Three Generations of Multicomputers, MessagePassing Mechanisms, Chapter6 Scalable, Multithreaded, and Dataflow Architectures, Latency-Hiding Techniques, Principles of Multithreading, Fine-Grain Multicomputers, Scalable and Multithread Architecture, Data flow and Hybrid Architectures. Chapter7 UNIX, Mach, and OSF/1 for Parallel Computers, Multiprocessor UNIX Design Goals, Master Slave and Multithread UNIX, Multicomputer UNIX Extensions, Mach/OS Kernel Architecture and applications. Text Books: 1) Advanced Computer Architecture- Parallelism, Scalability, Programmability By Kai Hwang. Reference Books: 1) Computer Architecture A Quantitative Approach By Hennssey & Petterson.