MANILA, PhilippinesMore than 400 volunteer fighters of the so-called sultanate of Sulu have arrived in Lahad Datu, Sabah,

to reinforce the sultanates Royal Security Forces (RSF), triggering clashes with Malaysian security forces, the sultanates spokesperson said on Tuesday. Abraham Idjirani told the Philippine Daily Inquirer by phone that the men, who were all armed, arrived on the eastern coast of Sabah in two groups between March 30 and April 5. They went there because of the continued human rights violations of the Malaysian [security forces] on the Filipinos there, Idjirani said. He said the recent arrival of the volunteer fighters was a signal to the Malaysian government that the sultanate would now press for its claim over its ancestral right over Sabah. They provoked us, and now we are going beyond our initial demand, that we want to live in peace on our land, Idjirani said. The sultanates demand now is to recognize our ancestral right, he added. According to Idjirani, fighting between the RSF and Malaysian forces took place on the night of April 6 and 7. He claimed that the Malaysians suffered heavy casualties while there were no reported injuries or deaths among the volunteer fighters. He said the Malaysians attacked when the groups arrived. Idjirani and Agbimuddin Kiram, the self-styled raja muda, or crown prince who heads the RSF, had apparently been in touch. The spokesperson claimed that all the information he had received about the situation in Lahad Datu was relayed to him by Agbimuddin, the younger brother of Jamalul Kiram III, who claims to be the sultan of Sulu. Idjirani said the volunteer fighters came from Basilan, Sulu, Tawi-Tawi and the Zamboanga peninsula. Around 75 percent to 80 percent of them were armed, with the firearms provided by their families and relatives, he added. He said the people in Basilan, Sulu, Tawi-Tawi and the Zamboanga peninsula were angry with the Malaysians for their alleged maltreatment of Filipinos in Sabah. About 110 volunteer fighters arrived 13 days ago followed by another group of more or less 200, Idjirani said. Malaysian authorities have claimed they are now winding down Operasi Daulat, the operations aimed at flushing out the sultanates followers after they arrived in Lahad Datu in February to stake a claim to Sabah. The group was led by Agbimuddin. Fighting between the two forces erupted on March 1. Around 70 supporters of the sultanate have been reported killed, while the Malaysians claimed 10 of their security personnel died in the clashes.

The sultanate revived a long-dormant claim to Sabah, surprising both the Philippines and Malaysia, and straining anew the two countries diplomatic relations. Top security officials of Malaysia also said Agbimuddin had slipped back to Mindanao but according to the Philippine military, it had no information that the raja muda had returned from Sabah. The clashes and Malaysian government crackdown on allegedly illegal migrants have led to the exodus of thousands of Filipinos living and working in Sabah. A taxpayers suit, meanwhile, has been filed in the Supreme Court to compel the Department of Foreign Affairs to pursue the countrys Sabah claim. In a 17-page petition for mandamus, businessman Louis Barok Biraogo asked the high court to order Foreign Secretary Albert del Rosario to bring the Philippine claim to Sabah to the International Court of Justice. The territory that is North Borneo (or what Malaysia began to call as Sabah in September 1963) undoubtedly belongs to the Republic of the Philippines by historic right and legal title. Recorded history confirms this, Biraogo said. The petitioner argued that the British government wrongly assumed that North Borneo belonged to the United Kingdom and, thus put, the British government handed over North Borneo to what eventually became Malaysia. Despite the protestations of the Philippines, Biraogo said, Malaysia assumed sovereignty over North Borneo, renamed it Sabah, and refused to relinquish possession thereof to the Republic of the Philippines. Instead of helping the Filipinos who went to Sabah, the Philippine government threatened them with legal action in Philippine courts. Worse, President Aquino concurred in the decision of the Malaysian government to brand as terrorists the Filipino supporters of the sultanate of Sulu who went to Sabah, he said. Biraogo, a political activist, was the main petitioner in the case against the Philippine Truth Commission created by Aquino in 2010.

Read more: http://globalnation.inquirer.net/71697/kiram-camp-claims-sending-400-fighters-tosabah#ixzz2Wkepw5Om Follow us: @inquirerdotnet on Twitter | inquirerdotnet on Facebook

that President Aquinos February 26, 2013 statement on Sabah Issue is problematic.

In fact, I will even argue that the pronouncement of Mr. Aquino is unpatriotic and treasonous. Whatever little respect I have in him is completely gone the very moment I heard him uttered those traitorous words! Shame!

Malaysian casualty in the Sabah standoff Where can you find a president whose allegiance is not with his people but with another state? I also agree with candidate Dick Gordon that Mr. Aquino is courting an impeachment case against him for not executing faithfully the laws of the land. In failing to do so, he is betraying the public trust and the public and patrimonial interest of the nation. It is beyond dispute that the context of this action by the Sultan of Sulu and his followers is beyond question. It is not a power-grab. Neither is it a land-grab. It is a reassertion of their historic, legal and moral right to be in Sabah, the vast track of land in Northern Borneo controlled by the Federation of Malaysia. It was for them the pursuit of a noble cause. Anyone can check all the available sources that they can find, whether it is an encyclopedia, atlas, almanac, Wikipedia, history books, etc. In all of them, Sabah can never ever be separated with the Philippines, specifically the Sultanate of Sulu. Consider the words of Mr. Aquino: You are a leader of your clan, and every leader seeks the well-being of his constituents. These times require you to use your influence to prevail on our countrymen to desist from this hopeless cause. I wonder who the hell is his adviser on Sabah? Whoever the hell is that creature, he/she should be immediately shot on the spot. I also wonder why it is that this so-called President appears to be ignorant and blur on the whole issue?

Are those words quoted above, the words you want to hear from your so-called Chief Executive? Hell no! I DO NOT THINK SO! Following the line of his reasoning, if one can imagine or construe, what kind of argument is that: why is he egging our people to stand up and fight and not be intimidated by giant and bullish China? Yet, when it comes to the Malaysians, he seems to be soft and apathetic? This is a clear contradiction! If the question of the ownership of Sabah is a hopeless cause then, how about our cause against China? Is that not a hopeless case, too? Again, that is following Mr. Aquinos mental mechanism. If our cause against China is not hopeless, then how come our cause against Malaysia is dormant? The aberrant position of Mr. Aquino defies logic and mock reason! Further, I would like to ask: what is the distinction in our Sabah dispute with regard to our conflict with China? Why in the latter, he is so eager to stand up with the giant (to the point that a newspaper in China and even here went to the point of tagging and calling him/us as a trouble maker) yet he is so cautious and soft with regard to the former? I see no distinction by virtue of the fact that Sabah and Scarborough Shoal, etc are both our properties and territories. Why he is not afraid to irritate China, yet he appears to be uneasy to offend Malaysia? Indeed, there is no shadow of doubt that it must have been a totally disappointing and devastating feeling for Sultan Kiram and his followers to hear that their noble cause is, for the President of the Philippines, a hopeless cause. Sad but true! It is my considered view that Mr. Aquinos call to the followers of Sultan Kiram: To desist from this hopeless cause is not merely an impeachable offense but undeniably treasonous and the heights of unpatriotism! I am ashamed that he is the president of this country. The duty of a true and valiant president is to be the first one to recognize the claim of the Sultanate of Sulu that Malaysia has no ownership rights over Sabah and that such ownership rights belong to the Sultanate of Sulu over Sabah which is rightfully within Philippine territory. The position of the Sultanate of Sulu is, in fact and in law, exactly the international claim of the Philippines on Sabah against Malaysia. This argument is in conformity with Ambassador Lauro L. Baja, Jr. (Aveteran Philippine diplomat. He was the Philippine Permament Representative to the United Nations (May 2003- Feb.2007). Prior to that, he

was Foreign Affairs Undersecretary for Policy) in his article Dont play into Malaysias hand, VERA Files, February 27th, when we categorically state that: Mr. Aquinos statements and actions give the unintended consequence of leaning on our own nationals over a foreign power. We may be playing into Malaysias hands who have been adopting a studied but cavalier attitude over the standoff. They are exercising acts of effectivits over Sabah during this standoff by their actions and even by their silence over our naive pronouncements. The wisdom of doing it in public (the Presidents act of appearing on TV appealing and at the same time chastising and criticizing the Sultan of Sulu over the stand-off in Sabah) has clearly shows that he has no concern with our Sabah claim and that instead of taking the cudgel of our Filipino Muslim brothers, he let them down, worst he even appears to be the Malaysian spokesperson. The whole thing exploded to his very face! I strongly doubt if he could still recover the trust and confidence of the people and the public as a whole! The reaction of the people is swift. Check the Yahoo online survey. The latest is that Mr. Aquino is viewed by a greater number of our countrymen as pro-Malaysia. What a shame! The so-called president of daang matuwid became the pang-gulo ng kalsadang baluktot! As Ambassador Baja said: The Sabah standoff should rouse the Philippine Rip van Winkle attitude towards our claim to the area. It provides the country with a unique but sensitive opportunity to revisit our claim. If the Philippines can deal with the situation with some diplomatic imagination and finesse it can correct some missteps of the past which led to the current state of helplessness insofar as the issue is concerned The solid legal foundation of our claim still exists. In the transfer of sovereignty document which the Sultan of Sulu signed with the Philippine government, it was expressly provided that the transfer shall be deemed voided if the Philippines shall fail to pursue the claim. The sultan understandably feels he is now free to pursue the claim himself. Why? Because this President does not give a damn about them, hence I concur that the Sultan had no choice but to pursue their historic claim by themselves. Indeed, it is a sad commentary on the Philippines if our own nationals should run to the UN because their government cannot protect their rights. This is not the spectacle our country wants to portray to the international community. Professor Randy David is in point where he stated in his article, The Real Sovereign, Philippine Daily Inquirer, March 7th that:

The Sultan can very well file his private claims before a Malaysian or international court; he does not need the Philippine governments consent to do this. Since the Philippine government has not actively pursued its sovereign claim over Sabah, the Sultan is free to seek help elsewhere. One thing he cannot do is force the Philippine state to go to war for him. Proposal My suggestion is for the United Nations to intervene on this issue and assume jurisdiction. I welcome their call this Thursday (finally, after weeks of silence) for the parties to stop from killing and wiping out each other. I also call upon the Organization of Islamic State (OIC) to mediate between the followers of the Sultan of Sulu and Malaysia to engage in a dialogue. Further, I certainly believe that the intervention of the Sultan of Brunei, as the original historical owner carries some moral and persuasive effect to the contending parties. The Sabah invasion How could be the act of the followers of the Sultan of Sulu be considered as an intrusion or invasion when said land subject of the dispute is their land? If Malaysia owned the land, as they are claiming then why the hell up to now they are paying rent, no matter how nominal and small the amount to the Sultan of Sulu? The use of excessive force I concur overwhelmingly with Professor Harry L. Roque, Director, Institute of International Legal Studies of the University of the Philippines Law Center that: The use of modern fighter jets and air strikes against the followers of the Sultanate of Sulu is illegal. Under human rights law, the use of force in police operations should be absolutely necessary and strictly proportional to the threat posed by the Filipinos in Sabah. Moreover, Respect for the right to life of a police suspect requires that the nature and degree of force used be proportionate to the threat posed by the suspect to the safety and security of the police officers, other individuals and society as a whole. Malaysian Law enforcement officials should, as far as possible, apply non-violent means before resorting to force, and in particular, the resort to airstrikes. Since the use of force against the Filipinos involved in the standoff is illegal, Malaysia has committed an internationally wrongful act. Accordingly, the Philippine government, in addition to espousing the rights of its nationals, should also demand that the international community should ask Malaysia to cease and desist from further breaching human rights law. It should later be asked to pay compensation to the victims of its use of disproportionate use of force.

According to the Malaysian authorities, they have already defeated the militants, yet even their senior police officer is doubting that that is the case. Further, the so-called mopping operations have yet to produce the dead bodies of the intruders. Hence, what victory is this? The barbarity of war I condemn Malaysia for using excessive force, in the same vein that I also condemn to the highest degree the acts of the followers of the Sultan of Sulu (if the reports are true) that they engaged in torturing and beheading the police and/or soldiers that they caught! This is a shame! Both sides are wrong on this score! Yes, there is an on-going conflict, but as the American philosopher William James said, there should be a certain degree of morality, even in war. Why? Because if both sides will engaged in acts of barbarism, then there would be no distinction between the two and the two of them would be no different from animals and scoundrels. The Cyberwar It saddens me that the on-going stand-off in Sabah has already spilled to the cyber world! According to the reports, Malaysian hackers hacked the site of Globe; thereupon in an immediate retaliation, the Anonymous Philippines Cyber Army also hit back and hacked numerous Malaysian sites! This pierces my heart profusely! On this juncture, I would like to thank and commend the Anonymous International in their intervention and call for both the Filipino and Malaysian hackers to stop this unnecessary cyberwar. As they said in an official statement: Let us help both The Philippines and Malaysia unite, not find a reason to fight We all have to find a way to stop this fiasco before, a more bigger and much sinister development happen! According further to the reports, the war-front that begun as a single area has now spread to other areas. Now, the front-lines of battle are on three different locations. So, now how will the Malaysian authorities conduct the so-called mopping operation, if the delineation of the battle-fields is not clear? I do not know whether the Malaysian authorities are aware of the consequences of its actions!

They claimed that the so-called militants and/or intruders are numbering from 100 to 300; then why not send 1, 000 to 2, 000 marines or soldiers to subdue them? Why bring in the tanks and the fighter jets? Are they afraid to fight in a mortal combat those so-called invaders? It was also reported that one Malaysian fighter jet instead of hitting the position of the militants rather wrongly bomb their own soldiers. Is this a case of a friendly-fire or due to some human error or can we attribute this to the stupidity of the pilot? Yes, they can wipe out and kill all of those intruders, yet I doubt if that would be the end of the problem! Do they not know that the sons and daughters and the heirs of those militants, invaders, intruders will not cease from continuing what their ancestors have struggled for! The heirs of those martyrs will not stop from fighting what they believe righteously belongs to them The war will not end and this is because of the fault both of the governments of Malaysia and the Philippines WE ARE ALL LOSERS HERE! SAD BUT TRUE! [Photo courtesy Today Online.] Related Posts:

Resolving the Sabah incident Noynoy style Philippine Military under President Noynoy Aquino defending In ignoring Sultan Kiram, President Noynoy Aquino did treat Game of thrones: Sultan Jamalul Kiram III flies the Epic fail: Philippine and Malaysian govts continue to botch

Jose Mario de Vega The writer has a Masters degree in Philosophy, a law degree and a degree in AB Political Science. He was previously teaching Philosophy, Ethics and Anthropology at an institution of higher education in the Nilai University College at Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. He is currently a lecturer at the College of

Arts, Department of Philosophy at the Polytechnic University of the Philippines. As of the moment, he is preparing to publish his first book entitled Dissidente. It is a collection of his articles, commentaries and op-ed published by various newspapers in Southeast Asia.

Hidwaang Sabah
Mula sa Wikipediang Tagalog, ang malayang ensiklopedya

Hidwaang Sabah

Part of North Borneo dispute

Mapa ng rehiyon[1] 11 Pebrero 2013 kasalukuyan Silangang Sabah sa Tanduo, Lahad Datu; Semporna; Tawau; Kunak Dahilan Hindi pagsama ng hidwaan sa soberenidad ng silangang Sabah sa Kasunduang Bangsamoro Layunin Pagbawi ng territoryo para sa Kasultanan ng Sulu Katangian Okupasyon Kalagayan nangyayari Petsa Pook

Mga partido sa hidwaang sibil

Sulu MNLF
[2]

Pilipinas

Malasya

Mga nangungunang pinuno

Jamalul Kiram III Agbimuddin Kiram

Benigno Aquino III Leila de Lima

Najib Razak Hishammuddin

Nur Misuari

Albert del Rosario

Hussein Ahmad Zahid Hamidi

Bilang

10,235

10 barko ng Philippine Navy at ng Coast Guard[3]

1500+

Nasakuna[4][5][6]

Nasawi: 20 Sugatan: 4

Nasawi: 0 Sugatan: 0

Nasawi: 12 Sugatan: 3

Ang Hidwaang Sulu-Malasya o Hidwaang Sabah[7] (ika-11 ng Pebrero 2013 - kasalukuyan, 573N 1191026EMga coordinate:
573N 1191026E; nakikilala ang artikulong ito sa Ingles bilang 2013

Lahad Datu standoff) ay nagsimula matapos naglayag ang 235 mga Pilipino, patungo sa Lahad Datu,Sabah, sa pulo ng Borneo mula Simunul, Tawi-Tawi noong ika-11 Pebrero 2013.[8][9][10] Ang Marangal na mga Kawal ng Kasultanan ng Sulu at Hilagang Borneo,[8] ay ipinadala ni Sultan Jamalul Kiram III, is sa mga nangaangkin sa trono ng Kasultanan ng Sulu. Sinabi ni Kiram na ang kanilang pakay as iresolba ang pagmamay-ari sa Hilagang Borneo na kasalukuyang tinatawag na Sabah.[11] Ang mga tauhan ng Kapulisan ng Malasya ay pinalibutan ang barangay ng Tanduo sa Lahad Datu kung saan nanatili ang grupo. Kasalukuyang sinusubukan iresolba ng bansang Pilipinas ang pangyayari sa mapayapang paraan.[12] Subalit, ang bansang Malasya ay gumamit ng karahasan noong ika-1 ng Marso.
Mga nilalaman
[itago]

1 Mga kaalaman

o o o

1.1 Pagmamay-ari ng Sabah 1.2 Pagtatalo sa paghahari sa Sulu 1.3 Simula ng digmaan

2 Mga susunod na kaganapan

2.1 Paglusob ng Malasya noong ika-1 ng Marso

o o o o

2.2 Insidente sa Kunak 2.3 Barilan sa Semporna 2.4 Brutal na pag-atake ng Sandatahang Lakas ng Malasya 2.5 Tulong mula sa Moro National Liberation Front

3 Bansag na "Terrorista" 4 Mga kaugnay na pangyayayari

o o o o

4.1 Pagbubura sa mga websayt ng Pilipinas at Malasya 4.2 Pagbabago sa paghahanap sa Google ng salitang "Sabah" 4.3 Mga protesta sa embahada ng Malasya 4.4 Mga pahayag ng mga politiko

5 Hukumang Pandaigdig ng Katarungan (ICJ) 6 Mga namatay 7 Mga reaksiyon

o o

7.1 Mga partido sa hidwaan 7.2 Mga iba pa

8 Mga sanggunian

Mga kaalaman [baguhin]

Pagmamay-ari ng Sabah [baguhin]
Matagal nang inaangkin ng Pilipinas ang Sabah. Base ito sa namanang lupa ng Kasultanan ng Sulu na kinabibilangan ng Kapuluan ng Sulu at ang Hilagang Borneo. Kasalukuyang nagbabayad ng renta ang Malasya sa pamilyang Kiram, ang mga tagapagmana ng Kasultanan ng Sulu, ayon sa isang kasunduan ng North Borneo Company.[13]

Pagtatalo sa paghahari sa Sulu [baguhin]

Hindi tiyak kung sino ang karapat-dapat na naghahari bilang Sultan ng Sulu. Maliban kay Jamalul Kiram III, ang iba pa niyang kamag-anak ay nang-aaankin sa titulo.

Simula ng digmaan [baguhin]

Hindi nakabilang ang mga tagapagmana ng Sulu sa usapang pangkapayapaan sa ng the pamahalaan ng Pilipinas at ng Moro Islamic Liberation Front, na innilathala noong ika-7 Oktubre 2012 ng Pangulo ng Pilipinas Benigno Aquino III. Dahil dito, iniutos ni Sultan Jamalul Kiram III noong ika-11 Nobyembre ng 2012 na nararapat angkinin ng kanyang mga tagasuporta ang kanilang lupaing kaninuninuan sa Sabah. Inatasan niya ang kanyang nakababatang kapatid na lalaki at Raja Mudah o Prinsipe na si Prinsipe Agbimuddin Kiram na pmahalaan ang grupo.[8][14]

Noong ika-11 Pebrero 2013, si Agbimuddin Kiram at hindi bababa sa 100 mga tagasunod ang nagtungo sa barangay ng Tanduo, malapit sa Tungku sa Distrito ng Lahad Datu, Sabah mula saSimunul, Tawi-Tawi.[15][16]

Mga susunod na kaganapan [baguhin]

Lahad Datu Simunul Semporna Maynila Mga lugar na may kinalaman sa digmaan.

Hinarang ng Kapulisan ng Malasya ang dagat at ang paligid ng barangay kung sa nanatili ang Marangal ng mga Kawal ng Kasultanan ng Sulu at Hilagang Borneo.[12] Sinubukang panatilihing mapayapa ng Pilipinas ang mga pangyayari.[17] Ninais nito magbigay ng tulong pangkatauhan sa mga grupong apektado..[18] Noong ika-26 Pebrero, sinabi ni Pangulo Aquino kay Sultan Kiram na utusan niyang pabaliknin sa Pilipinas ang kanyang mgatauhan para makipag-usap..[19] Natatakot si Pangulong Aquino na maaaring maghantong sa kaharasan ang mga pangyayari.[20][20][19][21] Sinabi naman si Sultan Kiram na hindi niya pababalikin ang kangyang mga tauhan.[22] Ayon sa kanya, tahanan nila ang Sabah kaya't hindi sila ang dapat umalis kundi ang Malasya. Inutusan din niya ang Malasya na makipag-usap sa kanya.[22][23][24]

Paglusob ng Malasya noong ika-1 ng Marso [baguhin]

Noong 10:15 a.m. ng ika-1 ng Marso, linusob ng Kapulisan ng Malasya ang mga tauhan ng Sultan. Namatay ang 12 kawal ng Sultan habang 3 sa mga pulis ng Malasya ang namatay.[25] There were also two casualties from the Malaysian police. The owner of the house where Agbimuddin Kiram and his men had stayed was also killed in the shooting incident.[5][26] Iginiit ng kalihim ng Tanggapan ng Pamamahalang Lokal na si Kalihim Hishammuddin Hussein na ang mga tauhan ni Sultan Kiram ang unang namaril.[27]Sinabi din ng Malasya na walang namatay sa barilan.[4] Sinabi ni Embahador Mohammad Zamri bin Mohammad Kassim sa kalihim ng Tanggapang ng Panlabas na Ugnayan na si Kalihim Albert Del Rosario na tapos na ang barilan at sumuko ang 10 mga tauhan ng Sultan. Ang iba namang mga tauhan ay tumakas patungo sa dagat.[26] Binatikos naman ni Idjirani, ang tagapagsalita ng Sultan, pinagtatakip ng Malasya ang katotohanan nang sinabi ng pamahalaan nitong walang namatay. Wala daw kakayahang makaganti ang mga tauhan ng Sultan dahil mga bolo lamang ang mga armas nila.[25] Ninanais din daw ng Sultan na dalhin ang pagtatalo sa Organisasyon ng Kooperasyong Islamiko at sa Komisyon sa Karapatang Pantao ng mga Nagkakaisang Bansa.[4][5] Dahil dito inamin ni Punong Ministro ng Malasya Najib Razak na mali ang mga una nilang pahayag at may mga namatay sa bakbakan.[28] Sinabi din niyang maaari nang gamitin ng Pulisya ng Malasya ang kahit ano pang dahas para tapusin ang gulo at uubusin nila ang mga tauhan ng Sultan kung di sila susuko. [5][29] Inamin naman ng parehong panig na nagpapatuloy pa rin ang kaguluhan at hindi ito titigil hangga't hindi nagkakaroon ng kasunduan ang Sultan ng Sulu, ang Malasya, at ang Pilipinas.[30]

Insidente sa Kunak [baguhin]

Noong ika-2 Marso 2013, may-roon daw nakitang mga "armadong tao" sa Kunak, isang barangay na malapit sa Lahad Datu at Semporna, ayon sa "pulisya" ng Malasya.[31][32]

Barilan sa Semporna [baguhin]

Noong ika-3 ng Marso, nagkaroon ng barilan sa Semporna patungkol sa hidwaan. Nakipagbarilan ang mga tagasuporta ng Sultan sa mga pulis ng Malasya kung saan 2 sa mga tagasuporta ng Sultan ang namatay habang 5 pulis ang nabaril at namatay.[33][34][35][36] Binanggit din ng Sultan sa parehong na nahuli ng mga tauhan niya ang 4 sa mga pulis ng Malasya na lumusob sa kanila.[37]

Brutal na pag-atake ng Sandatahang Lakas ng Malasya [baguhin]

Noong ika-5 Marso 2013, malubhang binomba ng Sandatahang Panghimpapawid ng Malasya ang puwersa ng Marangal na mga Kawal ng Kasultanan ng Sulu at Hilagang Borneo.[38][39][40][41] SaKuala Lumpur ipinagmalaki ni Punong Ministro Najib ang pagbobomba sa mga tauhan ng Sultan na kinabibilangan din ng mga kababaihan at mga sibilyan.[42][43][44]Pinananiwalaan namang nakatakas si Prinsipe Agbimuddin Kiram at ang iba niyang mga tauhan mula sa Kampung Tanduo. Ikinatuwa ito ng Pilipinas.[45][46]

Tulong mula sa Moro National Liberation Front [baguhin]

Ang Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) ay nagpahayag na tutulungan nila ang mga tutulungan nilaang mga tauhan ng Sultan ng Sulu at Hilagang Borneo,[47][48] ayon sa pinuno nitong si Nur Misuari.[49][50] Sinabi naman ni Murad Ibrahim na hindi pa muna sasali ang Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) habang nakikipagusap pa sila sa Maynila.[51]

Bansag na "Terrorista" [baguhin]

Noong ika-7 ng Marso 2013, Tinawag ng Tanggapan ng Pandayuhang Relasyon na ang mga kawal ng Sultan ay mga "terorista". Binatikos ng Pilipinas ang pahayag na ito at sinabi nilang hindi nararapat ang naturang bansag.[52][53]

Mga kaugnay na pangyayayari [baguhin]

Pagbubura sa mga websayt ng Pilipinas at Malasya [baguhin]
On 3 March 2013, the website of Globe Telecom was defaced by hackers claiming to be from the "MALAYSIA Cyb3r 4rmy". The group left the message, "Do not invade our country or you will suffer the consequences." The telecommunications company confirmed that its website had been hacked but assured the public that no sensitive information was stolen. The website was restored at around noon the same day. In apparent retaliation, hackers identifying themselves as from Anonymous Philippines, attacked several Malaysian websites. They warned Malaysia to "Stop attacking our cyber space! Or else we will attack your cyber world!"[54] The website of Stamford College in Malaysia was also hacked with its front page replaced by a note that said: "The time has come to reclaim what is truly ours". It added, "Sabah is owned by the Philippines, you illegally [sic] claiming it."[55]

Pagbabago sa paghahanap sa Google ng salitang "Sabah" [baguhin]

On 4 March 2013, a Google search for the word "Sabah" reflected a cached version of the territory's Wikipedia article. It said the Malaysian control of the state is "illegitimate" and that "in fact, [Sabah] is part of the Sultanate of Sulu." A spokesman for Google Malaysia said they have already been informed of the issue. [55][56]

Mga protesta sa embahada ng Malasya [baguhin]

Around 100 Filipinos organized a protest in front of the embassy of Malaysia in Makati on 5 March 2013. They called for an end to the violence in Sabah, while some expressed support for the cause of Kiram. At least 50 policemen and a fire truck were deployed in the area. The embassy later suspended its operations as a result of the protest.[57]

Mga pahayag ng mga politiko [baguhin]

Both Malaysia and the Philippines will soon hold general elections. Consequently, politicians from both countries have been exploiting the issue for political gain. Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak wants to investigate the opposition leader Anwar Ibrahim if he was involved in the incident to destablise the state, which is known to be the ruling party stronghold for the upcoming 13th general election, this began after an image showing the opposition leader with Nur Misuari of MNLF began circulating on the internet.[58][59] In the meantime, Anwar has started legal proceedings against government-owned newspaper Utusan Malaysia and television station TV3 for trying to link him to the Sultanate of Sulu incursions.[60][61] While Parti Keadilan Rakyat vice-president Tian Chua claimed that the ruling UMNO had deliberately staged the crisis as a conspiracy to divert and frighten the people of Sabah in favour of the ruling coalition.[62] The allegations perpetuated by both sides of the table was met with an outcry by the Malaysian public, there are various calls from the public and many key political personalities such as Ambiga Sreenevasan and Saifuddin Abdullah for both political parties to forge an unprecedented bipartisan ties to settle the issue. In the Philippines, senatorial candidates from the opposition blamed President Benigno Aquino III for sending unclear messages to the Kiram family.[63] They also said that the president is in danger of facing an impeachment court.[64] Meanwhile, Aquino himself blamed unnamed members of the previous Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo government as conspirators to the current conflict; while Aquino did not name names as he did not have evidence yet on the alleged conspiracy, Kiram's daughter Princess Jacel challenged Aquino to prove the allegations. Former National Security Adviser Norberto Gonzales denied that he is the one being alluded by Aquino.[65]

Hukumang Pandaigdig ng Katarungan (ICJ) [baguhin]

Nais dalhin ng Pilipinas ang kaso ng Sabah sa Hukumang Pandaigdig ng Katanrungan (ICJ) para mapayapang malutas ang gusot. Handa nang mapadala ng kaso si Kalihim ng Katarugnan Leila de Lima sa ICJ at hinihintay na lamang niya ang pahintulot ni Pangulong Benigno Aquino III.[66][67] Nauna nang hiniling ng Sultan ng Sulu na si Sultan Jamalul III na gawin ng pamahalaan ito. Hindi naman natitinag ang Malasya kung sakaling matuloy ang kaso.[68]

Mga namatay [baguhin]

Mga patay

Petsa

Lugar

Kasultanan Mga tauhan ng Sibilyan Lahat ng Sulu Malaysia

ika-1 ng Marso[28]

Lahad Datu

12

15

ika-3 ng Marso

Semporna

13

Kampung Tanjung Batu ika-67 ng Marso Kampung Tanduo

31[69]

31

Totals

20

32

60

Mga reaksiyon [baguhin]

W. C. Cowie, Punong Direktor ng North Borneo Chartered Company (BNBC) kasama ang Sultan ng Sulu at Hilagang Borneo.

Mga partido sa hidwaan [baguhin]

Pilipinas Sinabi ng kalihim ng Tanggapan ng Panlabas na Ugnayan na si Kalihim Albert del Rosario na nararapat na irespeto ng Malasya ang mga karapatan ng mga Pilipinong naninirahan ng legal doon at indinaing niya sa grupo na marapatin nang bumalik sa Pilipinas.[70] Walang basbas ng pamahalaan ng Pilipinas ang mga gawain ng grupo ng Sultan ng Sulu at Hilagang Borneo.[71]

Malasya Sinabi ng Punong Ministro ng Malasya na si Najib Razak kapag mas matagal manatili sa Sabah ng mga tauhan ng Sultan, mas magiging mapanganib sa kanila ang sitweasyon. Ayon din sa kanya na

labag daw sa batas ang ginawa ng mga tauhan ng Sultan na bumalik sa kanilang pagmamanang lupa[72]

Mga ibang nang-aangkin sa tronong Sulu: Nalungkot si Muedzul Lail Tan Kiram, isa sa mga kamag-anak ni Jamalul Kiram III, sa mga pangyayari.[73][74]

Hindi sang-ayon si Fuad Kiram sa mga kaganapan.[75][76] Sinabi ni Abdul Rajak Aliuddin na hindi niya nagugustuhan ang mga nangyayari.[77]

Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF)- Sinabi ni Nur Misuari na magpapadala sila ng kaso patungong Organization of Islamic Cooperation atUnited Nations patungkol sa mga napatay na mga sibilyan dahil sa nagawang paglusob ng kapulisan ng Malasya.[78]

United Nations - Hiniling ni Ban Ki-Moon na sana'y matapos na ang kaharasan sa Sabah ng lalong madaling panahon. Sinabi din niyang sana irespeto ng Malaysia ang mga batas patungkol sa karapatang pantao.[79]

Mga iba pa [baguhin]

Australia The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade has advised its citizens "against all travel to coastal areas of eastern Sabah, as well as nearby islands and dive sites" and that they should "exercise of a high degree of caution for other areas of Sabah." The Department added that they "continue to advise Australians to exercise normal safety precautions in Malaysia overall."[80]

Canada Canada advised its citizens to avoid travels to Eastern Sabah, especially to the towns of Lahad Datu, Kunak, Semporna and Tawau, as well as nearby islands and dive sites, including Sipadan. It urged its citizen already in the area to leave immediately as possible and monitor developments and comply with the orders of the local authorities.[81]

Indonesia Indonesian Consul General in Kota Kinabalu, Soepeno Sahid, said that "The Indonesian Consulate General has been keeping an eye on the situation and maintains communication with local law

enforcement officials". 162 Indonesians, working in Lahad Datu evacuated six kilometers away from the site of clashes between the Malaysian security forces and armed Sulu men. All 162 Indonesians were safe according to the Foreign Ministry of Indonesia. The ministry also issued warning to Indonesian sailors not to sail waters near Sabah until total resolution to the incident.

New Zealand The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade said that "there is high risk to [their citizens'] security in coastal areas and offshore Islands and dive sites remote from the main towns of eastern Sabah (from Kudat in the North and around the coast to Tawau)." The Ministry also advised against all tourist and other non-essential travel to these areas.[82]

Taiwan (Republic of China) The Ministry of Foreign Affairs raised the level of its travel warning to Sabah to "yellow" following the incident in the Malaysian state. A "yellow" travel warning reminds people to pay special attention to personal safety while traveling to affected areas and to reconsider any plans to travel to these areas. The Ministry said it will continue to keep a close watch on the development of the incident and will provide updated travel information for its citizens.[83]

United Kingdom The Foreign and Commonwealth Office advised its citizens "against all but essential travel to the area of Sabah running east along the coast from Lahad Datu to Sabahs most easterly point and running south and east from a line joining Lahad Datu to Tawau through Kunak. This area includes Semporna and the islands immediately off the coast." It also advised "those currently in the region to consider leaving as soon as practicable and to follow the advice of the local police authorities."[84]

United States - Ayon sa Embahador ng Estados Unidos na si Harry K. Thomas, Jr. na naniniwala siyang hindi mag-kakaroon ng kaguluhan mula dito dahil mayroong kakayahan ang Maynila at Kuala Lumpur na tapusin ito nang walang kaharasan.[85] Sinabi din niyang masaya ang Estados unidos sa usapan patungkol sa Bangsamoro.[86] On 1 March, the Embassy of the United States in Kuala Lumpur stated that "U.S. citizens are advised

to avoid the Lahad Datu area for the foreseeable future, and monitor media reports regarding possible continued violence."[87] On 4 March a more detailed message included various precautions and advised against travel in "the coastal region extending from the eastern most tip of Sabah south to the border with Indonesia [including] the towns of Lahad Datu, Kunak, Semporna, and Tawau."[88]

Germany - German Foreign Office issued a travel warning on March 3, stating a raised safety risk for the eastern districts of Sabah. It advised its citizens against "all not absolutely necessary travels into the districts of Tawau, Semporna, Kunak, Lahad Datu, Kinabatangan and Sandakan."[89]

Hong Kong - The Security Bureau issued a yello travel warning on March 5, advising its residents planning go to Sabah to exercise caution and residents already in Sabah to monitor the situation. Residents are likely advised to avoid travelling to Lahad Datu, Kunak and Semporna in Sabah.[90]

Poland - On 4 March Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a travel warning due to civil unrest and the continuing high level of terrorist threat in the eastern part of the state of Sabah on the island of Borneo, including areas of localities of Lahud Datu and Semporna.[91]

Singapore - The Ministry of Foreign Affairs advised Singaporeans going to Eastern Sabah to comply to the advice of Malaysian security authorities, keep themselves informed about the situation through local news and avoid travel to Lahad Datu, Kunak and Semporna.[92]

Mga sanggunian [baguhin]

1. M. Jegathesan (2013-03-02). "Malaysia threatens 'drastic' steps in Borneo siege". Yahoo! News. 2. "MNLF says its fighters heading to Sabah to aid sultan's men". GMA News. Nakuha noong March 6, 2013. 3. "Philippines beefs up security to prevent collateral incidents fr om Sabah hostilities".NZWeek. ika-7 ng Marso 2013.

4.

4.0 4.1 4.2

"Spokesman claims 10 Kiram men killed in Sabah". ABS-CBN

News. 1 March 2013. Nakuha noong 1 March 2013. 5.

5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3

"Malaysia standoff with armed Filipinos ends in

violence". Yahoo! News.Reuters. 1 March 2013. Nakuha noong 1 March 2013. 6. "In Sabah, a thin red line at last deploys". The Malaysian Insider. 4 March 2013. Nakuha noong 4 Marcg 2013. 7. "OFWs a casualty in Sabah conflict?" GMA News. March 1, 2013 3:00p.m. 8.
8.0 8.1 8.2

"Heirs of Sultan of Sulu pursue Sabah claim on their

own". Philippine Daily Inquirer. 16 February 2013. Nakuha noong 20 February 2013. 9. Ubac, Michael Lim; Pazzibugan, Dona Z. (3 March 2013). "No surrender, we stay".Philippine Daily Inquirer. Nakuha noong 3 March 2013. 10. Mullen, Jethro (15 February 2013). "Filipino group on Borneo claims to represent sultanate, Malaysia says". CNN. Nakuha noong February 25, 2013. 11. Frialde, Mike (23 Pebrero 2013). "Sultanate of Sulu wants Sabah returned to Phl". The Philippine Star. Nakuha noong 24 Pebrero 2013. 12.
12.0 12.1

"PH calls for peaceful solution to Borneo standoff". Philippine

Daily Inquirer. 17 Pebrero 2013. Nakuha noong 19 Pebrero 2013. 13. David, Randy. "The Sabah Standoff". Malaysia Today. Nakuha noong 25 February 2013. 14. "Malaysian security forces moving in on village". The Star Online. Nakuha noong 20 Pebrero 2013. 15. Mullen, Jethro (19 Pebrero 2013). "Filipinos' standoff in Borneo linked to peace deal with Muslim rebels". CNN. Nakuha noong Pebrero 25, 2013. 16. "Only Malaysians receive aid, says Lahad Datu district office". The Star. Nakuha noong 25 Pebrero 2013. 17. Vanar, Muguntan (22 February 2013). "Lahad Datu Standoff: Philippines naval ships in Tawi-Tawi waters to help stabilise situation". The Star. Nakuha noong February 25, 2013. 18. Calica, Aurea (26 February 2013). "Phl wants diplomatic solution to Sabah standoff". The Philippine Star. Nakuha noong February 26, 2013.

19.

19.0 19.1

Chiu, Patricia Denise (26 February 2013). "Aquino to Sulu sultan:

Order your followers to leave Sabah and go home". GMA News. Nakuha noong 26 February 2013. 20.
20.0 20.1

"Statement of President Aquino on Sabah, February 26,

2013". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. 26 February 2013. Nakuha noong 26 February 2013. 21. Cheng, Willard (26 February 2013). "PNoy to Kiram: Bring your followers home". ABS-CBN News. Nakuha noong 26 February 2013. 22.
22.0 22.1

Avendao, Christine O.; Ramos, Marlon; Ubac, Michael Lim;

Quismundo, Tarra (27 February 2013). "Sulu sultan defies Aquino". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Nakuha noong 27 February 2013. 23. Lapea, Carmela (26 February 2013). "Sulu sultan remains defiant, says followers in Sabah won't go home". GMA News. Nakuha noong 26 February 2013. 24. "Encroachment Incident In Lahad Datu Will Be Immediately Resolved". Bernama. 26 February 2013. Nakuha noong 26 February 2013. 25.
25.0 25.1

Carcamo, Dennis (1 March 2013). "Sulu sultan spokesman: 10

men killed in Sabah". The Philippine Star. Nakuha noong 1 March 2013. 26.
26.0 26.1

Santos, Matikas (1 March 2013). "Sabah standoff over

Malaysian envoy".Philippine Daily Inquirer. Nakuha noong 1 March 2013. 27. "Kiram men opened fire at our forces: Malaysian official". ABS-CBN News. Agence France-Presse. 1 March 2013. Nakuha noong 1 March 2013. 28.
28.0 28.1

Anis, Mazwin Nik; Khoo, Simon; Vanar, Muguntan (1 March

2013). "Lahad Datu: PM confirms two commandos killed; regrets bloodshed". The Star Online. Nakuha noong 1 March 2013. 29. Anis, Mazwin Nik; Khoo, Simon (2 March 2013). "Najib: All-out action will now be taken against the intruders". The Star Online. Nakuha noong 3 March 2013. 30. Pazzibugan, Donna Z. (2 March 2013). "14 dead in Sabah assault". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Nakuha noong 3 March 2013. 31. Pi, Thomas (3 March 2013). "Another group of intruders spotted". Free Malaysia Today. Nakuha noong 3 March 2013.

32. "Police, Armed Forces Beef Up Operations in Sabah's East Coast". Bernama. 3 March 2013. Nakuha noong 3 March 2013. 33. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-21646374 Malaysia police die in fresh Sabah gun battle 34. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-21646374 Malaysian police killed amid Sabah siege 35. http://globalnation.inquirer.net/66447/5-malaysian-cops-2-sulu-gunmenkilled-in-fresh-clash-in-sabah#sthash.QtwKLcn9.dpuf 36. http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/death-toll-rises-to-atleast-7-in-latest-violence-with-suspected-filipino-gunmen-inmalaysia/2013/03/03/8006e0fa-83c7-11e2-a6710307392de8de_story.html 37. http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/nation/03/03/13/filipinos-capture-4malaysians-sabah-%E2%80%93-report 38. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-21665135 39. http://www.malaysiakini.com/news/222933 40. http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/297689/news/nation/malaysianfighter-jets-bomb-sabah-camp-of-sultan-s-men 41. "Malaysian security forces in all out attack against Sulu gunmen". The Star Online. 5 March 2013. Nakuha noong 5 March 2013. 42. "Malaysian fighter jets bomb Sabah camp of sultan's men". GMA News. 5 March 2013. Nakuha noong 5 March 2013. 43. http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2013/03/05/msianarmy-begins-assault/ 44. http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/report-total-defeatfor-sulu-group-in-sabah-dawn-attack/ 45. http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2013/03/06/suluintruder-killed-in-gunfire/ 46. http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/one-gunman-killedtoday-still-no-bodies-from-airstrikes/ 47. "Malaysia-trained MNLF men to join Kiram fighters, says Manila paper". The Malaysian Insider. Nakuha noong March 6, 2013. 48. "Malaysian-trained MNLF fighters join Sulu army". Free Malaysia Today. Nakuha noong March 6, 2013.

49. http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/297773/news/nation/nurmisuari-denies-involvement-in-sabah-crisis 50. http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/Nur-Misuari-movesto-revive-Sabah-claim/ 51. http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2013/3/7/nation/12803669&s ec=nation 52. "Press Statement: Meeting with the Secretary of Foreign Affairs of the Philippines, H.E. Albert F. del Rosario on 4 March 2013". Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Malaysia. 5 March 2013. Nakuha noong 7 March 2013. 53. Arcibal, Cheryl; Frialde, Mike (6 March 2013). "DFA denies calling Sultan followers as 'terrorists'". The Philippine Star. Nakuha noong 7 March 2013. 54. "Sabah row spills over online: PHL, MY sites defaced". GMA News. 3 March 2013. Nakuha noong 4 March 2013. 55.
55.0 55.1

"Sabah sultan followers take fight to cyberspace". Australia

Network News. Agence France-Presse. 5 March 2013. Nakuha noong 5 March 2013. 56. Ding, Emily (5 March 2013). "In Lahad Datu conflict, Google bombs and Wiki-wars". The Malaysian Insider. Nakuha noong 5 March 2013. 57. "Malaysian embassy closed due to protests". ABS-CBN News. 5 March 2013. Nakuha noong 5 March 2013. 58. "'It's a plot to make Umno lose Sabah vote'". New Strait Times. 4 March 2013. Nakuha noong 6 March 2013. 59. "PH, Malaysia blame politicians in Sabah 'conspiracy'". Rappler. 5 March 2013. Nakuha noong 5 March 2013. 60. http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/anwar-demandsapology-from-utusan-tv3-over-sabah-accusations/ 61. http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2013/03/04/anwarsues-utusan-tv3-over-lahad-datu-report/ 62. "Umno-Lahad Datu link: Tian Chua slammed". Free Malaysia Today. 2 March 2013. Nakuha noong 6 March 2013. 63. "UNA on Sabah: Aquino sent mixed signals". Rappler. 5 March 2013. Nakuha noong 5 March 2013. 64. "Noynoy courts impeach over Sabah tack UNA". The Daily Tribune. 4 March 2013. Nakuha noong 6 March 2013.

65. "Sabah claim a conspiracy". Manila Standard Today. 6 March 2013. Nakuha noong 6 March 2013. 66. "Lawmakers ask PNoy to elevate PHL's Sabah claim to int'l court". GMA News. ika-7 ng Marso 2013. 67. "De Lima wrapping up legal opinion on Sabah claim". Sun Star Manila. ika-7 ng Marso 2013. 68. "Sulu Sultanate has no legal standing". Free Malaysia Today. ika-7 ng Marso 2013. 69. "Filipino invaders say Malaysians troops shot 31 civilians". Hong Kong Standard. ika-7 ng Marso 2013. 70. "DFA statement on the Filipinos in Lahad Datu, Sabah, February 15, 2013". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. 15 Pebrero 2013. Nakuha noong 19 Pebrero 2013. 71. "Malaysia stand-off with Philippine group". BBC News Online. 15 Pebrero 2013. Nakuha noong 19 Pebrero 2013. 72. Anis, Mazwin Nik; Ong, Han Sean (1 Marso 2013). "PM: Armed group in Lahad Datu should leave before authorities act". The Star Online. Nakuha noong 3 Marso 2013. 73. "Statement from Ampun Muedzul-Lail Tan Kiram, 35th Sultan of Sulu". PRLog. 15 February 2013. Nakuha noong 21 February 2013. 74. Naidu, Sumisha (21 February 2013). "Multiple Sultans of Sulu making claims for Sabah". Malaysiakini. Nakuha noong 26 February 2013. 75. Nawal, Allan Afdal (26 February 2013). "2 more claim to be real sultan of Sulu". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Nakuha noong 26 February 2013. 76. Jannaral, Julmunir I. (23 February 2013). "Govt-recognized Sultan of Sulu, Fuad Kiram, asks for sobriety, prayers for peace on standoff". The Manila Times. Nakuha noong 26 February 2013. 77. "Businessman: I am the Sultan of North Borneo". The Star Online. 21 February 2013. Nakuha noong 26 February 2013. 78. http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2013/03/04/915534/mnlf-urges-oic-unintervene-sabah 79. "UN calls for end to violence in Sabah". Philippine Daily Inquirer. ika-6 ng Marso 2013.

80. "Malaysia Travel advice". Smartraveller: The Australian Government's travel advisory and consular assistance service. 5 March 2013. Nakuha noong 5 March 2013. 81. http://travel.gc.ca/destinations/malaysia 82. "NZ government travel advisory - Malaysia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (New Zealand). 5 March 2013. Nakuha noong 5 March 2013. 83. Hseih, Chia-chen; Kao, Y.L. (5 March 2013). "Taiwan issues yellow travel alert for Sabah, Malaysia". Focus Taiwan News Channel. Nakuha noong 5 March 2013. 84. "Malaysia travel advice". Foreign and Commonwealth Office. 5 March 2013. Nakuha noong 5 March 2013}. 85. Alipala, Julie and Rosauro, Ryan (23 February 2013). "US stays clear of Sabah row".Philippine Daily Inquirer. Nakuha noong 25 February 2013. 86. "US Hails Peace Deal". Manila Bulletin. 16 Oktubre 2012. Nakuha noong 25 Pebrero 2013. 87. "Reported Violence in Lahad Datu, Sabah (Borneo), Eastern Malaysia". Embassy of the United States - Kuala Lumpur. Nakuha noong 6 March 2013. 88. "Violence in Coastal Eastern Sabah (Borneo)". Embassy of the United States - Kuala Lumpur. Nakuha noong 6 March 2013. 89. "Malaysia: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise; last revised March 6, 2013". Auswrtiges Amt - Berlin. Nakuha noong 6 March 2013. 90. http://www.sb.gov.hk/eng/ota/note-Malaysia.htm 91. "Malezja (Borneo) ostrzeenie dla podrujcych". Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych. Nakuha noong 6 March 2013. 92. http://www.mfa.gov.sg/content/mfa/consular_information/for_singapore_c itizens/travel_notices/2013/201303/travelnotice_201303062.html

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