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A DIAG GNOS STIC TEST T R ORT REPO ON 10 0 MVA A POW WER TRANS T SFORM MER AT U UPPTC CL, LU UCKNO OW JU ULY 2013
GENERAL SAFETY
Safety is right at Mtekpro Technologies Pvt. Ltd., not a privilege! Comply with all the safety regulations and recommendations of the equipment manufacturers and plant operators. A LIFE LOST HAS UNRECOVERABLE DAMAGES! So take following Precautions; Ensure that the DEVICE UNDER TEST (DUT) is de-energized/isolated from all sources. Ensure that safety grounds are put before making any connections to the DUT. Ensure that connections to the supply sources for tests are tight and FUSES/MCB of adequate rating is used. The connection should preferably be taken from metal clad switches instead of plug points. Supply cables should not lie on ground but should be suitably supported. Instrument should be arranged at height convenient for operation DUT and test area should be cordoned off. Only authorized persons should enter the area. Ensure that necessary authorization for testing the equipment has been obtained as per safety tagging procedure. Ensure that all connections to the equipment are tight. Ground connections should be neat if proper size. Cleaned and properly tightened.
Index
Sr. No. 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Executive Summary Partial Discharge Measurement Introduction Partial Discharge Measurement Report Transformer Turns Ratio Introduction Turns Ratio Report Winding Resistance Measurement Introduction Winding Resistance Measurement Report Physical Observation Service Brochure Contents Page Number 01 - 02 03 - 05 06 07 - 09 10 11 - 13 14 - 15 16
2. Scope of Work:
In this visit at M/s MVVNL, Lucknow following Testings are done for demonstration: 2.1 10 MVA, 33/11 kV Power Transformer 2.1.1 Partial Discharge Measurement 2.1.2 Transformer Winding Turns Ratio Test 2.1.3 DC Winding Resistance Measurement
3.3 Transformer winding resistance measurement was done by injecting DC 40 A current. The winding resistance measurement between Y and B phases are approximately same while R phase resistance differs from them. This might be possible due to loose contacts in tap connections. As Tap changer was damaged resistance measurement was possible at only one tap. The winding resistance measurement on LT 11 kV side was found satisfactory. For detail report refer page numbers 14 and 15.
LT Side (11kV) PD Measurement Measurement At Position 1 Position 2 Channel 1 (mV) 15.8 17.4 Channel 2 (mV) 13.9 18.4 Channel 3 (mV) 18.4 21.8
OLTC Side PD Measurement Measurement At Position 1 Position 2 Channel 1 (mV) 38.8 42.8 Channel 2 (mV) 43.1 39.7 Channel 3 (mV) 44.7 45.7
Open Side PD Measurement Measurement At Position 1 Position 2 Channel 1 (mV) 10.3 16.6 Channel 2 (mV) 12.1 16.2 Channel 3 (mV) 9.7 12.4
Remarks: For details on report refer executive summary clause number 3.1 and for recommendations clause number 4.2.
Testing Engineer
2.2 INSTRUMENTS
220V ,50H Turns ratio tester with a capability of measuring ratios from 0.8 to 15,000,three phase Excitation current ,Phase angle reading and can measure the turns ratio of phase shifting transformer. Make-VANGURD, USA Model-ATRT-01B
R= Np / Ns
Where, R-Voltage ratio Np- Number of turns at primary winding. Ns- Number of turns at secondary Winding.
Deviations in turns ratio readings indicate problems in one or both windings .In particular ,the TTR test is useful for identifying shorted turns or open circuits in the windings, incorrect winding connections ,and other internal faults or tap changer defects. If possible, the ratio at each tap setting should be checked against the nameplate ratio for each tap. Measurements are typically made by applying a known low voltage across the high voltage winding so that the induced voltage on the secondary is lower, thereby reducing hazards while performing the test .For three phase delta/wye or wye/delta transformer, a three phase equivalency test is performed, i.e. the test is performed across corresponding single winding.
Remarks: For details on report refer executive summary clause number 3.2 and for recommendations clause number 4.3.
Testing Engineer
3.3 PROCEDURE
Winding resistance measurement are performed with low-resistance ohmmeter. For a three phase Wye-connected transformer, the resistance is measured for each phase-to-neutral winding: Note that for delta-connected transformer, the measured resistance for each phase is composed of parallel combination of the winding under test and the series combination of the remaining winding .It is therefore recommended to make three measurements for each phaseto-phase winding in order obtain the most accurate results. It is also recommended to allow the transformer to sit de- energized until temperatures are equalized (difference between top and bottom temperature does not exceed 5C ANSI / AIEEE C57.12.90) before making resistance measurements.
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According to IEC 60076-1, in order to reduce measurement errors due to changes in temperature, some precautions should be taken before the measurement is made. For Star connected winding the neutral brought out, the resistance shall be measured between the line and neutral terminal and average of three sets of reading shall be the tested value. For Star connected auto transformers the resistance of the HV side is measured between HV terminal and IV terminal, then between IV terminal and the neutral. For Delta connected windings, such tertiary winding of auto-transformers measurement shall be done between pairs of line terminals and resistance per winding shall be calculated as per the following formula: Resistance per Winding = 1.5 X Measured Value For Dry type transformers, the transformer shall be at rest in a constant ambient temperature for at least three hours. For Oil immersed transformers, the transformers should be under oil and without excitation for at least three hours. In addition, it is important to ensure that the average oil temperature
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(average of the top and bottom oil temperatures) is approximately the same as the winding temperature. In order to diagnose possible problems, the measured results are compared to the factory values, values of other phases of the same transformer, or sister units, if available. Before making such comparisons, the resistance has to be converted to a common temperature base of 75C or 85C, depending on what is reported on the transformer factory test sheet. The corrected resistance is calculated as:
Rs = Rmeas X
Where,
Rmeas = Measured Winding Resistance Rs = Corrected Winding Resistance = Reference Temperature at which the resistance is corrected (75C) = Temperature at which the resistance is measured (25C) = 234.5 for copper windings / 225C for Al windings
Consistency in measurements and record keeping are the keys to making the proper analysis using this test. If the unit has a Tap Changer, it is important to compare resistances for the same tap position. The contact resistance of other tap positions can be investigated by moving taps and repeating the measurements.
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Remarks: For details on report refer executive summary clause number 3.3 and for recommendations clause number 4.3.
Testing Engineer
Remarks: For details on report refer executive summary clause number 3.3 and for recommendations clause number 4.3.
Testing Engineer
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8. Bushing Insulator, gasket, leak 9. Oil and Winding temperature gauges 10. High and low voltage bushings 11. Valves and Piping 12. Control, VT and CT wiring A-4 Tap-Changer Test 1. Tap position Indicators 2. Gaskets and seals 3. Current carrying contacts 4. Drive Mechanism
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