Classified

abstracts

734-748 with ionically pumped hydrogen. The reaction of water vapour with titanium surfaces was found to produce H, and CO. Results on other systems are reported. R A Strahlow and D M Richardson, Oak Ridge National Laborator>
Report 3789,1965,334-340. 21 :41 743. Corrosion in mercury diffusion pumps. (Australia)

a dropping Hg pump with a calibrated capillary in which the gas is measured quantitatively. J Hudek and A Dubansky, Chem L&y, 59 (IO), 1965, 1230, (in
Czech).

21 734. Method for measuring the warm-up and cooldown characteristics of oil-diffusion pumps. (USA) American Vacuum Society Standard (tentative) describes the procedures for determining the warm-up and cool-down characteristics of diffusion pumps. Anon, J Vat Sri Tech, 3 (I), Jan-Feb 1966,32-33.
21 735. A new ultrahigh vacuum pump. (USA)

The theory of a highly rarefied cascade flow has been presented and a proposal for a new axial-flow (or radial flow) pump (or compressor) in the free-molecule range has been made. An unconventional cascade has been suggested which will produce an extremely high compression ratio (up to 30,000) in a single stage at very high blade speed. This new pump (or compressor) can be used to reach a very high vacuum state. Y Wu, Princeton University, NJ, Gas Dynamics Laboratory, 16
pages. 21 736. Analysis of thin films of tantalum reactively sputtered in nitrogen atmosphere. (USA)

Mercury diffusion pumps employed for the outgassing of electronic valves at the Miniwatt Valve factory, in Australia, have been subject to severe corrosion in the water-jacketing of the mercury trap. Several corroded specimens were dismantled, sectioned and examined microscopically, with compositions determined by electron probe microanalysis. Electrochemical potentials of clean, polished samples of the materials were measured in de-ionized water and in samples of cooling and make-up water. The effect of various inhibitor additions on these potentials was also measured. The results led to the conclusion that the all-stainless-steel construction of water-jacket and trap, combined with chromate and trisodium phosphate addition to the cooling water, will successfully prevent corrosion provided that the chromate concentration is maintained at 2 lb/l000 gallons or above. E W Gooden, Corrosion in transport and industry, 6th Ann Conf
Australasian 744. Corrosion Assoc. 15-19 Nov 1965, dpages. 21

: 33

Electron diffraction studies were made of thin films of tantalum reactively sputtered in nitrogen. E A Buvinger, Appl Phys Letters, 7 (I), 1965,14.
21 737. A reliable non-contaminating gas circulation pump. (USA)

A reliable maintenance free, non-contaminating gas circulation pump was developed for use in re-circulation reactor systems. R P Chambers et al, J Catalysis, 4,1965,625.
21 738. Calculation of the pressure characteristics for centrifugal pumps

and fans at zero flow rate. (USSR) A A Levin and V I Polikoskii, Akad Nauk USSR, Izvestia, Energitika
Transport, 1965.129-133, (in Russian).

Experiments with a liquid helium cryopumped extreme high vacuum. (USA) To produce an ultra-clean environment in simulating lunar surface and interplanetary space conditions, a liquid helium cryopumped vacuum system was built to achieve pressure of 10~I? torr. Cryogenics is employed to make outgassing from the test space walls negligible by cooling them to near 80K, and to provide high pumping speeds at low pressures by a cryopumping surface adjacent to the test surface maintained at 4.2K. Boil-off liquid nitrogen and helium provides the necessary refrigeration. Discussed are experiments to achieve low temperatures, H, injection at the warm end of the inner vessel, and pumping nitrogen and hydrogen from the test space. R W Moore, Jr, Sixth Annual Symposium on Space Environmental
Simulation, St Louis, Missouri, May 1965, I7 pages. 21 141 745. Continuous zeolite vacuum apparatus for oil-free pumping. (USSR)

21 131 739. Steam-jet vacuum pumps and their use for the vacuum degassing of steel. (Czechoslovakia)

Energy equations are derived for the specific steam consumption and efficiency of steam-jet vacuum pumps and curves are shown for both single- and multi-stage systems. Criteria for choice of size and control of stages in multi-stage processes are obtained from the equations. Pump operating procedure with particular reference to the vacuum treatment of steel is described. Aspects of plant construction and assembly for vacuum treatment, energy supplies, and determination of intake capacity are discussed. T Messing, Hutnicke Listy, 19 (12), 1964. 851-857. (in Czech).
21 740. Pumps for nuclear service. (USA) General survey of pumps used in nuclear technology. A L Bunke and R E Ball, American Power Conference, 1965, ISpages. 741. Nuclear reactor. Design of fluid-driven mechanical pump. Britain) 21 : 32 (Great

The design of a zeolite sorption apparatus for continuous operation, which can maintain a pressure of lo-* to 1O-4 torr in volumes of IO-100 litres is described, Data are given for the sorption capacity at low pressure. EN Martinson et al, Pribory i Tekh Eksper IO (4). 1965, 154-160.
21 :22 746. Quantitative spark source mass spectrometry using cryosorption

Chicago,

April

pumping. (USA) The simultaneous estimation of a wide variety of impurity elements (both metals and non-metals) in the ppm range in NBS Fe samples with an average precision and accuracy of 120 per cent for one analysis consisting of a single graded series of exposures is described. Most of the improvement is achieved through the use of a new cryosorption pump located in the source chamber near the sparking sample in order to lower and maintain constant source pressure. W L Harrington et al, Anal Chem, 37 (12), Dee 1965, 1480-1484.
21 :17

A fluid-driven mechanical pump is driven by the primary reactor coolant and is particularly applicable to integral type reactors in which the primary coolant circulating pump must be located within the reactor vessel. The reactor includes a core housed within the reactor vessel and conduits penetrating the vessel for energization of the pump by operating fluid. The pump is mechanically linked to the fluid-driven motor housed in the vessel and immersed in the primary coolant. E W Sidebotham et al, British Patent 996,784, June 1965, filed
18 July 1963. 21 :47 742. Chemical support for the controlled thermonuclear programme.

(USA) A technique has been developed for the rapid injection of gas samples into a low pressure system (Knudsen regime) and for faithfully recording the consequent changes in pressure. The experimental procedure may be used for measurement of initial rates of adsorption on a millisecond time scale, and in this investigation was used for dynamically testing the speed of cryosorption pumping of air, Ar, and H, by activated charcoal at liquid N,. S H Bauer and P Jeffers, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, Ott 1965,
NASA-CR-314, IZpages. 21 : 23 748. Simple differential pumping stage for connecting high to ultrahiihvacuum systems. (USA)

747. The dynamics of cryosorption pumping.

(USA) Surface diffusion was indicated to be the dominant mechanism by which vacuum systems become contaminated with diffusion pump oil. The origin of methane in high-vacuum systems was indicated to be the reaction of carbon atoms on the surface of titanium metal 274

Measurements have been made of the N, pressure ratio across a connecting stage as a function of the nitrogen exposure on the high pressure side. The stage consisted of a titanium evaporator in a