Fleetschool Fact Sheet

Have you ever wondered where you can nd answers to your ltration questions?
Questions like:

The Filter Manufacturers Council represents North American manufacturers of vehicular and industrial ltration products. Initially developed to monitor regulatory and technological developments that affect the industry, the Council is maintaining a very helpful website on www.ltercouncil.org It represents a helpful resource for good advice on industries best practice and trouble shooting. It can also be a valuable source of independent advice when encountering a difference in opinion. Book mark this site in your favorites for future use www.ltercouncil.org

What is the micron rating of my air lter? Can heavy duty air lter elements be cleaned or reused? Can a lube lter cause low oil pressure? Can some lters be substituted for another lter?

These are a few of many questions we hear all the time. The answers to these questions are as close as a mouse click away.

The Filter Manufacturers Council maintains a web site containing:

Service Bulletins Helpful maintenance hints Frequently asked questions

Technical Service Bulletin 89-4R2
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Technical Service Bulletin 04-3

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Cleaning of Heavy Duty Air Filter Elements for Re-Use and Remanufacturing Elements
Cleaning of Heavy Duty Air Filters Some vehicle owners and maintenance supervisors, concerned with lowering their operating costs, clean and reuse their heavy duty air filter elements. Here are some factors to consider before you decide whether cleaning or washing of heavy duty air filter elements is appropriate for your vehicle or fleet: HEAVY DUTY AIR FILTER ELEMENT MANUFACTURERS DO NOT RECOMMEND ANY TYPE OF CLEANING PROCESS BE USED ON THEIR PRODUCTS. FURTHER, THEY DO NOT WARRANT THEIR PRODUCT ONCE IT HAS BEEN CLEANED. Used heavy duty air filter elements, after the most thorough cleaning, usually have 60-80 percent of their original life; each subsequent cleaning yields progressively reduced dust capacity. Re-use of cleaned heavy duty air filter elements, because of their shortened service life; increase the likelihood of improper air cleaner servicing. Each time the air intake system is serviced, it is exposed to the chance of introducing contamination. Cleaning must be done with care to avoid damaging the heavy duty air filter element, which may cause dust leaks. Careful inspection of the cleaned filter is of crucial importance.

Air Filter Micron Rating v. Life and Efficiency Ratings

Occasionally questions arise about the micron ratings and test procedures on air cleaners and replacement air filters. Typically, air cleaners and air filters are not assigned a "micron rating". Micron rating is a term used in liquid filtration. Air filters are evaluated for life and efficiency using an industry-wide standard (ISO 5011). The following should clarify the questions surrounding this issue. Filter life is measured in total grams fed or in hours of lab life and is determined by testing at a standard test dust concentration of l g/m3 (0.028 g/ft3) for single-stage air cleaners or 2 g/m3 (0.056 g/ft3) for multistage units at either a constant or variable airflow. The end of the life testing is determined using the restriction method. When the predetermined restriction service point is reached, the test is stopped and the filter is weighed. The amount of test dust held by the filter is considered the capacity or life of the filter. The life of an air cleaner requires some additional consideration. Many air cleaners have inertial separators included in the housing. These inertial separators remove up to 98% of the dust that is fed during one of these tests. Therefore, the inertial separator efficiency must also be evaluated. Element efficiency is calculated by determining the increase in weight of an absolute filter (an Table 1 Particle Size Distribution by Weight %

Technical Service Bulletin 83-2R2

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Low Oil Pressure Problem

Insufficient oil pressure is serious, since the oiling system must be properly pressurized to keep the moving parts of the engine lubricated to prevent excessive wear. Most vehicles use a visual indicator, which may be a light or gauge, mounted in the instrument panel to alert the driver of low engine oil pressure. The oil pressure indicator is connected with a pressure switch, as shown in Figure 1. The pressure switch sends a signal when the oil pressure is below 5 PSI (3.5 kPa). This pressure is established by the engine manufacturer based upon individual engine characteristics and requirements. When the engine is not running and the ignition switch is turned on, the warning light illuminates. If the vehicle is equipped with a gauge there will be no indication of pressure. When the engine is started, oil pressure will compress the diaphragm in the pressure switch, opening the contacts and cause the light to go out or, in the case of a gauge, a positive pressure reading will be indicated. If the warning light remains on, or the gauge fails to register a normal pressure several seconds after start up, shut the engine off immediately. Check the oil level and fill as necessary. If the warning light remains on or the gauge fails to register normally when the oil level is correct, there are a number of possibilities that may be the cause of the problem: 1. The oil pressure switch could be faulty. 2. The wiring between the oil pressure switch and warning indicator could be grounded or disconnected. 3. The oil pump may have lost its prime. 4. The oil pump intake screen could be clogged. 5. The oil pump pressure regulating valve could be stuck in

ufacturers Council

Technical Service Bulletins

11/21/2007 1

Technical Service Bulletin 84-3R3

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Technical Service Bulletin 83-1R2

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Technical Service Bulletin 895R3

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Light Duty Diesel Engine Service

A diesel engine operates differently than a gasoline engine and, therefore, different service and maintenance practices must be followed. In a gasoline engine the combustion process occurs at constant volume. This process is characteristic of the spark ignition, or Otto cycle. The combustion process of the diesel engine occurs at constant pressure. This process is characteristic of the compression ignition or diesel cycle. A gasoline engine requires spark plugs to ignite the air/fuel mixture, whereas the diesel engine's air/fuel mixture is burned by the heat caused by compression. The diesel engine operates at higher compression ratios than does the gasoline engine and burns low volatile fuels. Fuel injection is a requirement of the diesel engine since the fuel enters the combustion chamber near the end of the compression stroke. A gasoline engine can run with a carburetor system or injection system. Careful maintenance of the lube, air induction, and fuel systems is a must for diesel engines. There are several factors unique to diesel engines that affect service considerations. The combustion process allows the use of a variety of fuels. These fuels are "less refined" than gasoline and, therefore, are more unstable. Cold temperatures can produce wax precipitates that will plug fuel filters (TSB 91-1R3). Water is more prone to be present in diesel fuels and, if not removed, can easily damage injection systems. Micro-organisms and water can cause filter plugging and corrosion problems (TSB 95-1R1). Fuel filtration is of prime importance for diesel engines. The filters must be high efficiency units specifically designed for diesel service. Maintenance must be followed regularly to maintain a smooth and

Over Pressurized Lube Oil Filters

From time to time every filter manufacturer has had a filter that has been severely over pressurized returned from a customer. Often the deformed filter is the only sign the car owner has that a problem existed in their lube oil system. It's possible that the damaged filter was not noticed until it was removed during the next scheduled oil change. However, if the pressure was sufficient to blow out the gasket or unroll the lockseam, the car owner may have experienced immediate and costly problems. With the "evidence" in their hands, they tend to put the blame on the damaged filter. It's not surprising that they are more than a little aggravated when the filter manufacturer denies any responsibility for the damage. What, then, has caused the over-pressurization? A look at how a lube oil system functions will show that oil pressure is created by the oil pump. The upper limit of this pressure is controlled by a pressure regulating valve which is usually an integral part of the pump. Figure 1 is a simplified diagram of the lube oil system showing the pump, regulating valve, filter and bearings. The pump supplies sufficient flow to lubricate the bearings and other moving parts of the engine. This oil must be under pressure if it is to properly separate the highly loaded parts of an engine and prevent excessive wear. The purpose of the regulating valve is to provide this pressure which on most passenger cars is between 40 PSI (280 kPa) and 60 PSI (410 kPa).

The Micron Rating for Media in Fluid Filters

A micron rating for a fluid filter is a generalized way of indicating the ability of the filter's media to remove contaminates by the size of particles it is exposed to. The micron rating does not properly or fully describe either the efficiency or the contaminant-holding capacity of the filter media. ENGINE AIR FILTER MEDIA IS NOT RATED BY MICRON SIZE. (Refer to TSB 04-3, Air Filter Life and Efficiency Ratings) What does the word micron mean? The word micron is another term for micrometer (1 millionth of a meter). A micrometer is a unit of linear measure in the metric system used to measure distance from one point to another. It is used like the inch, foot, centimeter and millimeter to measure length, width or diameter of objects. Its scientific notation is
. Some linear equivalents are 1 inch is 25,400 microns and 1 micron is .000039 inches. Some comparative sizes are: Diameter of average human hair 70 microns Lower limit of visibility (naked eye) 40 microns White blood cells 25 microns Talcum powder 10 microns Red blood cells 8 microns Bacteria 2 microns Carbon black 0.6 microns Tobacco smoke 0.5 microns A filter that is marked or rated "10 micron" has some capability to capture particles as small as 10 micrometers. However, when you see a filter marked "10 micron", you do not know exactly what this means unless you also have a description of the test methods and standards used to determine the filter rating. The results from the different test methods may not be comparable as their methodology varies greatly. The two most popular reported media ratings are a nominal micron rating (50%) and an absolute micron rating (98.7%). A nominal rating usually

Filtration for the REAL World

Fleetschool Fact Sheet

Test Your Knowledge

1) What service bulletin answers the question on: What is the micron rating of my air lter? A) TSB 89-4R2 B) TSB 04-03 C) TSB 84-3R3 2) What service bulletin answers the question on: Can a lube lter cause low oil pressure? A) TSB 83-1R2 B) TSB 83-2R2 C) TSB 89-5R3

Part No. 3.301.029A

Part No. 3.301.032A

Part No. 3.301.023A

Part No. 3.301.024A

Other Fleetschool Fact Sheets can be found on the Cummins Filtration Website at:
http://www.cumminsltration.com/en/product_literature/en_lit_asia.shtml

Asia Pacic
Australia/New Zealand
31 Garden Street Kilsyth, Victoria 3137 Australia

India
Fleetguard Filters Pvt Ltd Kirloskar House 100 Anand Park, Aundh Pune - 411 007 India

Japan
PO Box 536, Ark Mori Building 22nd Floor 12-32, Akasaka 1-Chome Minato-Ku, Tokyo 107-6022 Japan

Singapore
8 Tanjong Penjuru Jurong Industiral Estate Singapore 609019

Tel. Fax. Tel. Fax.

1 800 032 037 (Aus) 1 800 032 036 (Aus) 0800 448 363 (NZ) 0800 448 367 (NZ)

Tel. Fax.

91 202 588 3903~0537 91 202 588 7428

Tel. Fax.

81 3 3505 1851 81 3 3505 0990

eetassist.singapore@cummins.com

eetassist.australia@cummins.com

marketing@eetguard-ltrum.com Cummins Exhaust India Ltd 9/1, A-2, Technova House, 2nd Floor Erandawana, Pune 411 004 India

eetassist.japan@cummins.com

China
268 Wuliu Avenue Chuansha New Town Pudong, Shanghai 201202 China

Korea
#409-6, Yookil-Ri, Songsan-Myun, Hwasung-City, Kyungki-Do, Korea 455-873

Tel.

91 20 30212900

Tel. Fax.

86 21 5893 6060 86 21 6878 1478

Tel. Fax.

82 31 369 5900 82 31 369 5999

eetassist.china@cummins.com

eetmaster.korea@cummins.com

For Formore moreinformation, mo inform information, ormation,visit visit t

cummins ltration.com cummins cummin ns ltration.com ltr t at atio ion.com m

3.301.033A 3.301.029A 3 3.30 1.029A 2008 2007Cummins Cu ummin mmi sFiltration F Fi ltration tion Cummins Filtration Printed Printed tedin inAustralia Australia alia

Answers
Tel. Fax. 65 6266 3833 65 6265 6909

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