Bible Exam Study Guide Alexandria Monteiro World View: 1.) How to understand the world 2.

.) Stories Ex civil war, great depression, gold rush 2.) Questions Who are we Where are we What is wrong with the world What is the solution 2.) Symbols Statue of liberty, dollar bill, twin towers, flag 2.) Praxis Work eat Hebrew Worldview: 1.) Stories Creational: genesis, and creation, One God created everything Covenantal: exodus 3, 5-12: exiting Egypt, agreement with the ppl to solve the problems (chosen ppl) Providential: YHWH is the only god who provides for the people, and is active 2.) Great Shema: Hear, O Israel: The LORD our God is one LORD 3.) Defined themselves as: The elected: people called/ chosen Vocation: people to be a light to all nations Covenant: people bound to God in a ethic treaty (circumcised, rules) Land: stewards, to take care of in place of God Collective 4.) Mediators Law 10 commandments Torah After temple was destroyed and there was no king it was the only thing left Temple Where YHWH lived and ruled Prophets Symbolically acting out the message King Traits of the king (DT 14-20) OVERALL THE HEBREWS WERE: The chosen To be a vocation: blessing to all Stewards of the land Bound through the covenant

New Testament World View 1.) Jesus is: Prophet, not messiah Lawgiver: fulfills the law Fits requirements of the king 2.) Jesus replaces Temple: because he can forgive your sins by being crucified and being the son of God, he heals people 3.) Jesus as God Christ, messiah, prince f peace, Sheppard, Son of God Temple: God dwells in Jesus which shows God is Jesus He heals people HE can forgive people of their sins ^^^^ All things only GOD would be able to do 4.) Redefining Monotheism Col 1 Image of invisible God, first born, this created by and for him, head of the body, church, all fullness in him from God, equality of God and Jesus through Jesus death with faith we can be blemish free Phil 2 (possible hymn) Attitude should be the same as Jesus, made himself like a servant in human likeliness in the appearance of man, humbling himself. 5.) Who is Jesus HUMBLE 6-7.) Hebrews 1-8: making sense of which Jesus was using Hebrew terms, ideas and systems. Author: unknown, Recipients: Hebrew Christians Date: before 70 AD Reason: possibly a sermon Hebrews 1: in the past God spoke through the other mediators now through Jesus, Jesus superiority to the angels Hebrews 2: Son though greater than angels, made lower than God, He was made human so people can relate to him and realize Gods greatness? Hebrews 3-4: Jesus great than Moses, compared Jesus to show who he is, believing in the God of the past and of the future: promise for salvation of those who have believed, people of God Hebrews 5-8: Jesus is the High Priest, able to sympathize with humans, selected by Gob by offer of sacrifice for sin 8.) Redefining Who Gods People are OT: chosen, elected, Jews, vocation (light to all nation) circumcised, geographic location, law, covenant NT: all who believe, the circumcised, patient (RM 8), faith brings righteousness, baptism (rebirth, entering family of God), works, faith righteousness w/ works. 9.) Martin Luther- Sola Fida: Only faith 10.) How The People of God should live:

 1 Cor 1-9: Corinth: 11.) Division in church, immorality, lawsuits, food sacrifices, Unity, (3:9), servants of Jesus, sexually moral, do not boast, body is Gods temple, hubbys and wives belong to each other do not become a stumbling block for the weaker person, free from law, slave to everyone Ephesians Do not steal 12.) Eschatology: Study of Last things 1 Cor 15: resurrection Basics of the gospel Questioned resurrection Implications of a unrisen Christ Implication of a risen Christ. Rapture: Yes, there will rapture but no one know how or when it will happen. Some believe that Christians will be taken out of the earth before the end of the world, leaving the antichrist on the earth. The Day of the lord: Gods coming judgment, not specific day but stresses God will judge The New City: Conclusion: Christ has risen and so will you 13.) 1 Cor 15 and Rev 21 Early Church History 1.) Context that Early Church came into Jews -Adoptionism: JEWS; divinity is achieved by perfectly following the law 1) God is 1; Jesus cannot be God 2) Because Jesus lived a perfect life, God adopted Jesus Romans -Docetism: ROMANS; we avoid suffering the body does not matter 1.) According to Plato God had nothing to do w. matter 2) Jesus was a God but could not have appeared only appeared to do so Greek 2.) Early Persecutions -JEWS: the first to systematically persecute Christians -ROMANS: first saw them as equal to the Jews than after the war deem Christianity and illegal religion, viewed them as atheist, did not fear their revolt Emperor Nero (54-68) Seen as crazy Starts a fire, blamed for it turns the blame on the Christians Arrests, parades, humiliates, and then kills the Christians

 Paul and Peter killed by Nero Emperor Dominitian (81-96) Restore tradition & order through state religion, worships of roman gods, & persecution Emperor Marcus Aurelius (161-180) Stress justice/morality, persecute Christians for immorality Emperor Decius (250-253) Systematic persecution, required certificates of sacrifice Emperor Diocletian (284-305) Re-organize govt., 4 imperial edicts against Christians, family were Christians 3.) How and Why Christianity grew Loved and cared for their neighbor even if they were sick Love turned into action: adopted babies, women had respect, a lot of leadership positions, immoral roman customs abandoned Strong morality 4.) Antony Monasticism in solitude 5.) Irenaeus and Gnosticism and recapitulation Explains Christianity to Gnostics through the idea of: Recapitulation= Christ represents Adam/Israel/ Humanity but is obedient and is able to re-establish our relationship with God -Jesus was the 1st fruit of the new creation, new Adam -HOLY SPIRIT (left hand)JESUS (right hand)GOD 6.) Gnosticism Today Churches believing that they are better than other churches That those who have more knowledge are saved Bodies treated badly 7.) Athanasius Homoousious: God and Jesus are of the same substance makes sense of salvation 8.) First Ecumenical council Constantine favors united emperor Mirrors roman senate 200 bishops out of 1800 defeats arianism Nicene creed created 9.) Nicene creed 10.) Constantine o Allows a systematic reaction to heresies o Official theology of state o Monastic reaction 11.) 312 AD 12.) Cappadocians From Cappadocia

o o

Homoousious is not perfect solution; feared Homoousious brought God to the heresy of Sabellianism: like water 13.) Augustine of Hippo 14.)Homoousious: same stuff; Homoiousious: Similar stuff 15.) Theology is a map of the ocean because: 16.) because the Father, son and Holy spirit are one and equal 17.) Marion: heretic, God of torah is judgmental and Jesus is understanding. Got rid of OT, and anything that connected Jesus to God 18.) 19.) 20.)

Hinduism
Ultimate Goal: Moksha o Liberation, escape, release o Being released/ an escape from existence to nonexistence o Achieving Moksha is achieving union Brahman o Brahman (world, Soul, God) is everything that is: Is not truly real Has no existence An illusion Maya: all physical and material things People Really want to Achieve Brahman- Atman o Which is the relation of the inner self of a human (Atman) with the world soul (Brahman) Brahma: o Creator of the universe o Universal god o Other gods are a manifestation of him Vishnu: o Works for the good of the man o PERSEVER/PROTECTOR from human of natural evils Shiva: o Destroyer, major role in destruction and recreation Karma: determines ones future existence; deeds, works; law of nature, very impersonal.. What goes around comes around (good-good bad-bad) Samsara: doctrine of birth-death-rebirth-death o Basically a cycle Caste System: you are born to be either a: o Brahmin: priest o Kshatriyas: warrior/ ruler o Vaishyas: merchant/ ruler o Sudras: (laborers, servants) o Untouchable: the sick, lame, homeless There are COUNTLESS (millions) amounts of deities in Hinduism. 4 Ways/ Yogas o Way of Works:

Buddhism

Dates from 1500 BC Scriptures: Vedas, Sutras, Brahmanas, Code of Manu It basically is the observance of rituals and laws which is governed by priests o Way of Knowledge: Dates from 500 BC Similar to Gnosticism Scriptures: Upanishads Its basically is Meditation, mystical understand of Brahman-Atman, yoga is included o Way of Devotion: Dates from 200 BC- AD 800 Scriptures: Bhagavad-Gita Attachment to one god or goddess (3 major sects) o Way of Experimentation ? Bhagavad-GIta o Main characters: Arjuna, Krishna o Main story: Krishna is the avatar of a god and asks Arjuna to kill his family o Stresses that duty is supreme the soul is immortal; the material world is a place where there is danger at every step Siddhartha Gautama o Born in NE India in 6th century BC o Sheltered by his father, who was a big king, form old age, disease, death and religion until he went on the Chariot Ride o Left his family (wife and son) to become an ascetic and meditated for 5-6 years o Achieved enlightenment after a night of temptation by the demon Mara Four Noble Truths? o 1.) Life has sadness o 2.) Desire makes sadness o Without desire there will be no sadness o There is a path to stop desire Main Goal: escape from the cycle of reincarnation and karma by achieving enlightenment Buddha: thought reality is non-existent Mahayana (mainstream) though: reality is compassion Theravada Buddhism: o Enlightenment only works for monks who renounce killings and many other things and spend days mediation o Non monks can improve their karma by supporting the monks and mirroring the activities they do and what specifically they give up Mahayana Buddhism o Different types of leaders Dhyani Buddhas- become enlightened in heaven (they remain in heaven)

Bodhisattvas- almost are enlightened but the process is delayed because they try to help different creatures achieve a higher level of incarnation