Joint Press Fit

joint_press_fit.
xls
By Alex Slocum
Last modified 12/10/04 by Xue'en Yang and Alex Slocum, with thanks to Stephen Jarman and Richard Blakelock
Clearance and pressure in shrink-fit bodies
Loads
Torque to be transmitted (N-mm) torque 2
Axial force to be transmitted (N) force 400
Coefficient of friction mu 0.15
ot 20
Stress concentration factor at interface edge scf 2
Rotation speed (rpm) rpm 3600
Outer body input parameteres
Outside diameter (mm) obod 330.000
Interface diameter (mm) obid 20.000
Plus tolerance (mm) obptol 0.005
Minus tolerance (mm) obmtol 0.005
obe 2.00E+05
obsy 50
Poisson's ratio obn 0.27
obcte 1.17E-05
obrho 7.827
Inner body input parameters
Engagement length (mm) L 10.000
Intended outside diameter (mm) ibod 20.020
Dimensioned outside diameter (mm) 20.017
Plus tolerance (mm) ibptol 0.005
Minus tolerance (mm) ibmtol 0.005
Inside diameter (mm) ibid 2
ibe 2.00E+05
ibsy 50
Poisson's ratio ibn 0.27
ibcte 1.17E-05
ibrho 7
Shrink-fit design
Desired assembly clearance at deltaT (mm) ddt 0
robdt 1.17E+02
ribdt 1.17E+02
Press-fit design
Maximum assembly force to press fit (N) Fpfmax 1.28E+04
Minimum assembly force to press fit (N) Fpfmin 3.48E+03
Enter numbers in BOLD, Results in RED
Operating temperature (
o
C)
Modulus of elasticity (N/mm
2
)
Yield strength (N/mm
2
)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (1/
o
C)
Density (g/cm
3
)
Modulus of elasticity (N/mm
2
)
Yield strength, obsy (N/mm
2
)
Coefficient of thermal expansion (1/
o
C)
Density (g/cm
3
)
Required differential temperature if heating outer body (
o
C)
Required differential temperature if cooling inner body (
o
C)
joint_press_fit.xls
By Alex Slocum
Last modified 12/10/04 by Xue'en Yang and Alex Slocum, with thanks to Stephen Jarman and Richard Blakelock
Clearance and pressure in shrink-fit bodies
Interference parameters
rPI 4.24E+00
Differential Poisson radial interference due to axial force (mm) ddp -1.73E-05
Differential thermal radial expansion (mm) ted 0.00E+00
Outer body rotating inner diameter radial displacement (mm) robd 1.24E-03
Inner body rotating outer diameter radial displacement (mm) ribd 9.51E-07
Total additional diametrical interference amount to be added (to ibod) (mm) addi -2.51E-03
Interference fit calculations (assumes addi has been added to ibod)
Maximum diametrical interference (mm) maxdelta 2.75E-02
maxip 1.36E+02
Minimum diametrical interference (mm) mindelta 7.49E-03
minip 3.69E+01
Minimum safety margin (min obtained pressure/required pressure) 8.70E+00
Maximum sustainable torque (N-mm) maxt 1.28E+05
Minimum sustainable Torque (N-mm) mint 3.48E+04
Minimum safety margin (min obtained torque/required torque) 17400.686
Outer body material stresses at maximum interface pressure
Radial displacement of inner surface (mm) 8.66E-03
obsr -1.36E+02
obsc 1.37E+02
obsz 4.69E-03
obtau 1.72E-08
Max radial centrifugal stress (N/mm2) obrc 1.09E+01
obcc 2.48E+01
obvm 2.57E+02
Resulting safety factor (Yield stress)/(scf*Von Mises stress) 0.097
Inner body material stresses at maximum interface pressure
Radial displacement of outer surface (mm) -5.09E-03
ibsr -1.36E+02
ibsc -1.38E+02
ibsz 1.28E+00
ibtau 1.27E-03
ibrc 3.30E-02
ibcc 8.17E-02
ibvm 2.74E+02
Resulting safety factor (Yield stress)/(scf*Von Mises stress) 0.091
Enter numbers in BOLD, Results in RED
Minimum required interface pressure (N/mm
2
)
Maximum resulting interface pressure (N/mm
2
)
Minimum resulting interface pressure (N/mm
2
)
Radial press-fit stress at ID (N/mm
2
)
Circumferential press-fit stress at ID (N/mm
2
)
Axial stress from applied axial Force (N/mm
2
)
Shear stress from applied Torque (N/mm
2
)
Max circumferential centrifugal stress (N/mm
2
)
Max Von Mises stress (N/mm
2
)
Radial press-fit stress (N/mm
2
)
Circumferential press-fit stress (N/mm
2
)
2
)
2
)
Max radial centrifugal stress (N/mm
2
)
Max circumferential centrifugal stress at ID (N/mm
2
)
Von Mises stress at ID (N/mm
2
)
Equations Ref
1
2
3
4
(See diagrams)
5
(See diagrams)
5
6 Evaluate the stresses at inside, outside and sqrt(DiDo) diameters
7 For the outer body
8 case 1: stresses at inner radius 10.000000
9 -135.530890
10 136.530196
0.004694
11 0.000000
12 Radial centrifugal stress (N/mm2) 0.000000
24.778168
257.392998
13 For the inner body
14 case 1: stresses at inner radius 1.000000
15 -0.000027
16 -273.794227
17 1.283506
0.000127
18 Radial centrifugal stress (N/mm2) 0.000000
19 0.081674
274.356545
2
)
2
)
2
)
2
)
Circumferential centrifugal stress at ID (N/mm
2
)
2
)
2
)
2
)
2
)
2
)
Circumferential centrifugal stress at ID (N/mm
2
)
2
)
Evaluate the stresses at inside, outside and sqrt(DiDo) diameters
For the outer body
case 2: stresses at outer radius 165.000000 case 3: stresses sqrt(DiDo)/2
0.000000
0.999306
0.004694
0.000000
0.000000
5.617924
6.614884
For the inner body
case 2: stresses at outer radius 10.010000 case 3: stresses sqrt(DiDo)/2
-135.530890
-138.263365
1.283506
0.001270
0.000000
0.019006
138.191113
Evaluate the stresses at inside, outside and sqrt(DiDo) diameters
For the outer body
40.6201920
-7.7446223
8.7439284
0.0046940
0.0000000
10.923926
12.759371
20.100212
For the inner body
3.1638585
-123.2210912
-150.5731637
1.2835063
0.0002006
0.033012
0.042970
140.157351
From Slocum, A. H., Precision Machine Design, 1995, Society of Manufacturing Engineers, Dearborn, MI.
(first published by Prentice Hall in 1992), pp 387-399
Radial displacements due to Poisson effect, thermal expansion and rotation
Inner body Poisson radial displacement
, ,
2 2 2 2
, , , ,
2 2
( ) ( )
outer I outer inner O inner
Poisson
O outer I outer outer O inner I inner inner
F D F D
u
D D E D D E

(1)
Thermal radial mismatch
int
( ) / 2
thermal inner outer erface
u T CTE CTE D
, use
outer I erface
D D
, int

(2)
Outer body radial displacement caused by rotation
( )
'
1
1
]
1
+
+
+
+ +
,
_

) 1 ( 8 2 ) 1 ( 4
) 3 (
2 8
,
2
, ,
2
,
2
,
3
,
*
2
,
outer
outer I outer O outer I
outer
outer I outer O
outer
outer I
outer centri
D D D D D D
E
u

(3)
Inner body radial displacement caused by rotation
( )
'
1
1
]
1
+
+
+
+ +
,
_

) 1 ( 8 2 ) 1 ( 4
) 3 (
2 8
2
, , ,
2
,
2
,
3
,
*
2
,
inner
inner I inner O inner O
inner
inner I inner O
inner
inner O
outer centri
D D D D D D
E
u

(4)
Interface pressure as a result of diametrical interference
,
_
+
+
,
_
inner
inner I inner O
inner I inner O
inner
inner O
outer
outer I outer O
outer I outer O
outer
outer I
D D
D D
E
D
D D
D D
E
D
P

2
,
2
,
2
,
2
, ,
2
,
2
,
2
,
2
, ,
(5)
For the outer body subjected to internal pressure, axial force, torque and rotation
The radial displacement of the inner surface caused by internal pressure
2 2
, , ,
2 2
, ,
2
I outer I outer O outer
inner outer
outer O outer I outer
D P D D
u
E D D

_ +
+

,
(6)
Radial stress caused by internal pressure
r , pressure
=
D
I , outer
2
P
D
O , outer
2
D
I , outer
2
(
1
D
O , outer
2
D
I ,outer
2
)
(7)
Circumferential stress caused by internal pressure
, pressure
=
D
I , outer
2
P
D
O , outer
2
D
I , outer
2
(
1+
D
O , outer
2
D
I , outer
2
)
(8)
Axial stress caused by axial force
) (
4
2
,
2
, outer I outer O
z
D D
F
(9)
Shear stress caused by torque
, ,
2 2 2 2
, , , ,
2 2
( ) ( )
Poisson
F D F D
u
D D E D D E

(1)
int
( ) / 2
u T CTE CTE D
, use
outer I erface
D D
, int

(2)
( )
'
1
1
]
1
+
+
+
+ +
,
_

) 1 ( 8 2 ) 1 ( 4
) 3 (
2 8
,
2
, ,
2
,
2
,
3
,
*
2
,
outer
outer
outer I outer O
outer
outer I
outer centri
D D D D D D
E
u

(3)
( )
'
1
1
]
1
+
+
+
+ +
,
_

) 1 ( 8 2 ) 1 ( 4
) 3 (
2 8
2
, , ,
2
,
2
,
3
,
*
2
,
inner
inner
inner I inner O
inner
inner O
outer centri
D D D D D D
E
u

(4)
,
_
+
+
,
_
inner
inner I inner O
inner I inner O
inner
inner O
outer
outer I outer O
outer I outer O
outer
outer I
D D
D D
E
D
D D
D D
E
D
P

2
,
2
,
2
,
2
, ,
2
,
2
,
2
,
2
, ,
(5)
2 2
, , ,
2 2
, ,
2
inner outer
D P D D
u
E D D

_ +
+

,
(6)
r , pressure
=
D
I , outer
2
P
D
O , outer
2
D
I , outer
2
(
1
D
O , outer
2
D
I ,outer
2
)
(7)
, pressure
=
D
I , outer
2
P
D
O , outer
2
D
I , outer
2
(
1+
D
O , outer
2
D
I , outer
2
)
(8)
) (
4
2
,
2
, outer I outer O
z
D D
F
(9)
Circumferential centrifugal stress at the inner surface
, centrifugal
=
2
(3+
outer
)
8
(
D
I , outer
2
4
+
D
O , outer
2
2

(1+3
outer
)
(3+
outer
)
D
I , outer
2
4
)
(11)
Von Mises stress at the inner surface
2 2 2
, , , , 2
( ) ( ) ( )
3
2
r pressure centrifugal pressure centrifugal z r z
VonMises

+ + +
+
(12)
For the inner body subjected to external pressure, axial force, torque and rotation
The radial displacement of the outer surface caused by internal pressure
u
outer
=
D
O , inner
P
2 E
outer
(
D
O , inner
2
D
I ,inner
2
D
O , inner
2
D
I ,inner
2
inner
)
(13)
r , pressure
=
D
O , inner
2
P
D
O ,inner
2
D
I , inner
2
(
1
D
I ,inner
2
D
O , inner
2
)
(14)
, pressure
=
D
O , inner
2
P
D
O ,inner
2
D
I ,inner
2
(
1+
D
I , inner
2
D
O ,inner
2
)
(15)
z
=
4F
( D
O , inner
2
D
I ,inner
2
)
(16)
=
16D
O , inner
( D
O , inner
4
D
I , inner
4
)
(17)
Circumferential centrifugal stress at the outer surface
, centrifugal
=
2
(3+
inner
)
8
(
D
I ,inner
2
2
+
D
O ,inner
2
4

(1+3
inner
)
(3+
inner
)
D
O , inner
2
4
)
(18)
Von Mises stress at the outer surface
2 2 2
, , , , 2
( ) ( ) ( )
3
2
VonMises

+ + +
+
(19)
, centrifugal
=
2
(3+
outer
)
8
(
D
I , outer
2
4
+
D
O , outer
2
2

(1+3
outer
)
(3+
outer
)
D
I , outer
2
4
)
(11)
2 2 2
, , , , 2
( ) ( ) ( )
3
2
VonMises

+ + +
+
(12)
u
outer
=
D
O , inner
P
2 E
outer
(
D
O , inner
2
D
I ,inner
2
D
O , inner
2
D
I ,inner
2
inner
)
(13)
r , pressure
=
D
O , inner
2
P
D
O ,inner
2
D
I , inner
2
(
1
D
I ,inner
2
D
O , inner
2
)
(14)
, pressure
=
D
O , inner
2
P
D
O ,inner
2
D
I ,inner
2
(
1+
D
I , inner
2
D
O ,inner
2
)
(15)
z
=
4F
( D
O , inner
2
D
I ,inner
2
)
(16)
=
16D
O , inner
( D
O , inner
4
D
I , inner
4
)
(17)
, centrifugal
=
2
(3+
inner
)
8
(
D
I ,inner
2
2
+
D
O ,inner
2
4

(1+3
inner
)
(3+
inner
)
D
O , inner
2
4
)
(18)
2 2 2
, , , , 2
( ) ( ) ( )
3
2
VonMises

+ + +
+
(19)
Interference Diagrams
From Slocum, A. H., Precision Machine Design, 1995, Society of Manufacturing Engineers, Dearborn, MI.
, ,
2 2 2 2
, , , ,
2 2
( ) ( )
Poisson
F D F D
u
D D E D D E

(1)
int
( ) / 2
u T CTE CTE D
, use
outer I erface
D D
, int

(2)
( )
'
1
1
]
1
+
+
+
+ +
,
_

) 1 ( 8 2 ) 1 ( 4
) 3 (
2 8
,
2
, ,
2
,
2
,
3
,
*
2
,
outer
outer
outer I outer O
outer
outer I
outer centri
D D D D D D
E
u

(3)
( )
'
1
1
]
1
+
+
+
+ +
,
_

) 1 ( 8 2 ) 1 ( 4
) 3 (
2 8
2
, , ,
2
,
2
,
3
,
*
2
,
inner
inner
inner I inner O
inner
inner O
outer centri
D D D D D D
E
u

(4)
,
_
+
+
,
_
inner
inner I inner O
inner I inner O
inner
inner O
outer
outer I outer O
outer I outer O
outer
outer I
D D
D D
E
D
D D
D D
E
D
P

2
,
2
,
2
,
2
, ,
2
,
2
,
2
,
2
, ,
(5)
2 2
, , ,
2 2
, ,
2
inner outer
D P D D
u
E D D

_ +
+

,
(6)
r , pressure
=
D
I , outer
2
P
D
O , outer
2
D
I , outer
2
(
1
D
O , outer
2
D
I ,outer
2
)
(7)
, pressure
=
D
I , outer
2
P
D
O , outer
2
D
I , outer
2
(
1+
D
O , outer
2
D
I , outer
2
)
(8)
) (
4
2
,
2
, outer I outer O
z
D D
F
(9)
, ,
2 2 2 2
, , , ,
2 2
( ) ( )
Poisson
F D F D
u
D D E D D E

(1)
int
( ) / 2
u T CTE CTE D
, use
outer I erface
D D
, int

(2)
( )
'
1
1
]
1
+
+
+
+ +
,
_

) 1 ( 8 2 ) 1 ( 4
) 3 (
2 8
,
2
, ,
2
,
2
,
3
,
*
2
,
outer
outer
outer I outer O
outer
outer I
outer centri
D D D D D D
E
u

(3)
( )
'
1
1
]
1
+
+
+
+ +
,
_

) 1 ( 8 2 ) 1 ( 4
) 3 (
2 8
2
, , ,
2
,
2
,
3
,
*
2
,
inner
inner
inner I inner O
inner
inner O
outer centri
D D D D D D
E
u

(4)
,
_
+
+
,
_
inner
inner I inner O
inner I inner O
inner
inner O
outer
outer I outer O
outer I outer O
outer
outer I
D D
D D
E
D
D D
D D
E
D
P

2
,
2
,
2
,
2
, ,
2
,
2
,
2
,
2
, ,
(5)
2 2
, , ,
2 2
, ,
2
inner outer
D P D D
u
E D D

_ +
+

,
(6)
r , pressure
=
D
I , outer
2
P
D
O , outer
2
D
I , outer
2
(
1
D
O , outer
2
D
I ,outer
2
)
(7)
, pressure
=
D
I , outer
2
P
D
O , outer
2
D
I , outer
2
(
1+
D
O , outer
2
D
I , outer
2
)
(8)
) (
4
2
,
2
, outer I outer O
z
D D
F
(9)
, centrifugal
=
2
( 3+
outer
)
8
(
D
I , outer
2
4
+
D
O , outer
2
2

( 1+3
outer
)
(3+
outer
)
D
I , outer
2
4
)
(11)
2 2 2
, , , , 2
( ) ( ) ( )
3
2
VonMises

+ + +
+
(12)
u
outer
=
D
O , inner
P
2 E
outer
(
D
O , inner
2
D
I ,inner
2
D
O , inner
2
D
I ,inner
2
inner
)
(13)
r , pressure
=
D
O , inner
2
P
D
O ,inner
2
D
I , inner
2
(
1
D
I ,inner
2
D
O , inner
2
)
(14)
, pressure
=
D
O , inner
2
P
D
O ,inner
2
D
I ,inner
2
(
1+
D
I , inner
2
D
O ,inner
2
)
(15)
z
=
4F
( D
O , inner
2
D
I ,inner
2
)
(16)
=
16D
O , inner
( D
O , inner
4
D
I , inner
4
)
(17)
, centrifugal
=
2
(3+
inner
)
8
(
D
I ,inner
2
2
+
D
O ,inner
2
4

(1+3
inner
)
(3+
inner
)
D
O , inner
2
4
)
(18)
2 2 2
, , , , 2
( ) ( ) ( )
3
2
VonMises

+ + +
+
(19)
, centrifugal
=
2
( 3+
outer
)
8
(
D
I , outer
2
4
+
D
O , outer
2
2

( 1+3
outer
)
(3+
outer
)
D
I , outer
2
4
)
(11)
2 2 2
, , , , 2
( ) ( ) ( )
3
2
VonMises

+ + +
+
(12)
u
outer
=
D
O , inner
P
2 E
outer
(
D
O , inner
2
D
I ,inner
2
D
O , inner
2
D
I ,inner
2
inner
)
(13)
r , pressure
=
D
O , inner
2
P
D
O ,inner
2
D
I , inner
2
(
1
D
I ,inner
2
D
O , inner
2
)
(14)
, pressure
=
D
O , inner
2
P
D
O ,inner
2
D
I ,inner
2
(
1+
D
I , inner
2
D
O ,inner
2
)
(15)
z
=
4F
( D
O , inner
2
D
I ,inner
2
)
(16)
=
16D
O , inner
( D
O , inner
4
D
I , inner
4
)
(17)
, centrifugal
=
2
(3+
inner
)
8
(
D
I ,inner
2
2
+
D
O ,inner
2
4

(1+3
inner
)
(3+
inner
)
D
O , inner
2
4
)
(18)
2 2 2
, , , , 2
( ) ( ) ( )
3
2
VonMises

+ + +
+
(19)

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Joint Press Fit

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joint_press_fit.

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