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TripleLynx
Reference Manual
SOLAR INVERTERS
Contents
Contents 1. Introduction
Introduction Important Safety Information Hazards of PV systems Connection Area PV Load Switch and Cable Lock Software Version Manual History Available Literature List of Abbreviations List of Symbols Installation Sequence 5 5 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 10 11 11 12 12 13 14 17 19 20 20 22 23 24 25 25 25 27 27 27 28 28 29 29 36 37
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Lightning Protection Selection of Installation Place Thermal Management Simulation of PV Other Selection of Installation Place Thermal Management
38 38 38 38 39 39 39 40 40 42 44 44 47 47 49 50 51 51 52 52 53 54 54 54 55 55 55 56 57 57 57 58 58 59 59 59 60 63
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Setup Overview of Event Log Peripheral Units Setup Sensor Setup Alarm Output GSM modem RS485 Communication Ethernet Communication Start-up and Check of Settings Master Mode
65 67 68 68 68 69 69 69 69 72 73 73 73 73 75 75 76 78 79 79 79 79 80 80 81 82 84 84 86 87 87 89 89 89 91 91 92 92
9. Ancillary Services
Introduction Power Level Adjustment (PLA) Grid Frequency Derating (MV) Ride Through Reactive Power (MV) Managing Reactive Power Using TLX+ Managing Reactive Power Using TLX Pro+ Danfoss Grid Management Box Theory Fault Ride Through (MV)
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1. Introduction
1.1. Introduction
This manual describes the Danfoss TripleLynx inverter series including: TLX TLX+ TLX Pro TLX Pro+ All persons installing and servicing inverters must be trained in and have experience with the general safety rules to be observed when working on electrical equipment. Installation and service personnel should also be familiar with local requirements, rules and regulations as well as safety requirements. Throughout the manual reference is made to the display or the Web Server. Some areas in the user interfaces are password protected to avoid unintentional changing of critical safety settings. For information on the security levels and how to operate the display or the Web Server, please see the section Man Machine Interface and the Web Server Quick Guide. Throughout this manual, whenever the TripleLynx name is mentioned, all types of the inverter are meant. Whenever the TLX version is mentioned, both the TLX version and the TLX+ version are meant, unless otherwise specified. Whenever the TLX Pro version is mentioned, both the TLX Pro version and the TLX Pro+ version are meant, unless otherwise specified.
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TripleLynx Inverters IP 54 enclosure Type TLX and TLX+ TLX and TLX+ TLX and TLX+ TLX Pro and TLX Pro+ TLX Pro and TLX Pro+ TLX Pro and TLX Pro+ Max AC power 10 kW 12.5 kW 15 kW 10 kW 12.5 kW 15 kW PLA PV load switch /DC /DC /DC /DC /DC /DC Connectors MC4 MC4 MC4 MC4 MC4 MC4 Ancillary Services for TLX+ variants only for TLX+ variants only for TLX+ variants only for TLX+ variants only for TLX+ variants only for TLX+ variants only
Product label A product label is attached to the side of the inverter. This provides information on the type of inverter, along with the most important specifications. Pay special attention to the serial number (1). This is used for identification by Danfoss.
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Information important for the protection of property. Violation of this type of information may cause damage and loss of property.
Note: Useful additional information or Tips and Tricks on specific subjects. Read this before installing, operating or maintaining the inverter. Before installation: Check for damage to inverter and packaging. If you are in doubt, please contact your supplier before installing the inverter. Installation: For optimum safety, please follow the steps described in this manual. Keep in mind that the inverter has two voltage carrying sides; the PV input and the AC grid. Disconnecting the inverter: Before starting work on the inverter, switch off AC grid at the mains switch and PV using the PV load switch. Ensure that the device cannot be unintentionally reconnected. Use a voltage tester to ensure that the unit is disconnected and voltage free. The inverter can still be charged with very high voltage at hazardous levels even when it is disconnected from grid/mains and solar modules. Wait at least 30 min. following disconnection from grid and PV panels before proceeding. Maintenance and modification: Only authorised personnel are allowed to repair or modify the inverter. To ensure optimum personal safety, only original spare parts available from your supplier should be used. If non-original spare parts are used, the compliance with CE guidelines in respect of electrical safety, EMC and machine safety is not guaranteed. Also observe the danger of burn injury. The temperature of the cooling racks and components inside the inverter may exceed 70C. Functional safety parameters: Never change the parameters of the inverter without authorisation from the local energy supply company and instructions from Danfoss. Unauthorised changes of functional safety parameters may cause injury or accidents to people or inverter. Additionally it will lead to the cancellation of all inverter operating approval certificates. The Danfoss inverters are all designed according to the German VDE0126-1-1 (February 2006) standard, which includes an insulation test between PV array(s) and Earth, and a type B, RCMU according to DIN VDE 0100-712.
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1. 2. 3.
AC connection area, see section AC Grid Connection DC connection area, see section PV Connection Communication, see section Connection of Peripheral Units
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Please contact your inverter supplier for in-depth information regarding the above or other related issues.
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Symbol
Italics
Explanatory note 1) Indicates reference to a section of the present manual. 2) Italics are also used to indicate an operation mode, e.g. operation mode Connecting. 1) Encloses a path of menu navigation. 2) Also used to enclose abbreviations such as [kW]. Indicates user level, where x is between 0-2. Indicates a step within menu navigation. Indicates a note to which attention should be paid. Indicates a caution to which attention should be paid.
Explanatory note Indicates a submenu. Defines current user level, where x is between 0-2. Defines whether this page is shown when logged in as user.
The TLX Pro inverter can also be configured via the Web Server. For further information please refer to the Web Server User Manual.
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Item number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Part Name Wall Plate Side Plate Die Cast Aluminium-Heatsink DC-switch (PV load switch) Bottom part Fan grill 80x80 mm Fan, Sunon 80x80x38 Cover for 80x80mm fan hole Aux. board Modem int. board Communication board Display Front Cover Gasket, Cabinet front cover Control board Fan, Sunon 40x40x15 Mounting plate for PCB Power board Coil box Top part
Quantity 1 2 1 1 1 3 (12.5 kW and 15 kW) 2 (10 kW) 3 (12.5 kW and 15 kW) 2 (10 kW) 1 (Only 10 kW) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Communication interface:
Alarm outputs
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The inverter ceases to energise the grid if one of the parameters violates the country specific settings. The insulation resistance between the PV arrays and earth is also tested during the selftest. The inverter will not energise the grid if the resistance is too low. It will then wait 10 minutes before making a new attempt to energise the grid. The inverter has four operation modes Please see section on Man Machine Interface for information on LEDs. Off grid (LEDs off) When no power has been delivered to the AC grid for more than 10 minutes, the inverter disconnects from the grid and shuts down. This is the normal night mode. The user and communication interfaces are still powered for communication purposes. Connecting (Green LED flashing) The inverter starts up when the PV input voltage reaches 250 V. The inverter performs a series of internal self-tests, including PV auto detection and measurement of the resistance between the PV arrays and earth. Meanwhile, it also monitors the grid parameters. When the grid parameters have been within the specifications for the required amount of time (depends on country settings), the inverter starts to energise the grid. On grid (Green LED on) The inverter is connected to the grid and energises the grid. The inverter disconnects if: It detects abnormal grid conditions (depending on country settings), if an internal event occurs or if no PV power is available (no power is supplied to the grid for 10 minutes). It then goes into connecting mode or off grid mode. Fail Safe (Red LED flashing) If the inverter detects an error in its circuits during the self-test (in connecting mode) or during operation, the inverter goes into fail safe mode. The inverter will remain in fail safe mode until PV power has been absent for a minimum of 10 minutes, or the inverter has been shut down completely (AC + PV). Please refer to the section on Troubleshooting for further information.
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The table below contains detailed information about the functional safety settings: The cycle RMS values of the grid voltages are compared with two lower and two upper trip-settings, e.g. over voltage (stage 1). If the RMS values violates the trip-settings for more than the duration of "clearance time", the inverters cease to energise the grid. Additionally, the cycle RMS value is averaged over 10 minutes. If this mean value exceeds the trip-setting the inverter also ceases to energise the grid. The 10-minute value is not included due to functional safety but to enhance the power quality of the grid. The cycle-to-cycle value of the grid frequency is also compared with two limits: lower and upper. If the frequency violates the trip settings for more than the duration of "clearance time", the inverters cease to energise the grid. Loss of Mains (LoM) is detected by two different algorithms: 3-phase voltage surveillance (which is allowed as the inverter has individual control of the three phase currents) and rate of change of frequency (ROCOF). The cycle RMS values of the phase-phase grid voltages are compared with a lower trip-setting. If the RMS values violate the trip-settings for more than the duration of "clearance time", the inverters cease to energise the grid. The ROCOF values (positive or negative) are also compared to the trip-settings and the inverter ceases to energise the grid when violated. The DC content of the grid current is measured and the inverter ceases to energise the grid if the amount of DC current exceeds the applied trip-setting. The DC value of the grid current is not included due to functional safety but to enhance the power quality of the grid. A Residual Current Monitor Unit (RCMU) is also included in the inverter. The inverter ceases to energise the grid as follows: If the cycle RMS value of the residual current violates the trip-settings for more than the duration of "clearance time", the inverters cease to energise the grid. If a sudden jump in the DC value of the residual current is detected the inverter also ceases to energise the grid. During start-up the inverter measures the Earth-to-PV isolation resistance. If the value is too low the inverter will wait 10 minutes and then make a new attempt to energise the grid. Note: The value given in the table is corrected internally with additional 200 k in order to compensate for measuring inaccuracy. If the inverter ceases to energise the grid due to grid frequency or grid voltage (not 3phase LoM) and if the frequency or voltage are restored within a short time (short-interruption time), the inverter can reconnect when the grid parameters have been within their limits for the specified time (reconnect time). Otherwise, the inverter goes back to the normal connection sequence.
By selecting country options ending in (MV), the inverter will be set up according to national medium voltage grid requirements. See Chapter 9, Ancillary Services, for additional non-safety functionalities which are country-specific.
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Austria Austria (BDEW MV) Belgium Belgium (MV) Czech Rep. Czech Republic (MV) Denmark France France (MV) Germany Germany (MV) Greece Italy Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Portugal Spain Spain (MV) Sweden Switzerland Turkey
Under voltage (stage 2) Trip set- Clearance ting [V] time [m s] N.A N.A 69 150 N.A 115 N.A 104 N.A N.A 104 N.A 104 N.A N.A N.A N.A 115 115 N.A 46 196 N.A N.A N.A 40 N.A 300 N.A N.A 300 N.A 300 N.A N.A N.A N.A 100 100 N.A 500 200 N.A N.A
Under voltage (stage 1) Trip set- Clearance ting [V] time [m s] 196 200 161 2700 184 196 196 184 196 184 184 184 184 184 184 184 207 196 196 196 184 207 184 203 200 1500 200 1000 1500 200 1000 200 1000 500 200 200 1500 2000 2000 1000 1000 60000 200 50
10-minute mean voltage Trip set- Clearance ting [V] time [m s] 253 200 N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A 253 N.A N.A 253 N.A N.A N.A 253 N.A 253 253 253 N.A 243 253 233 N.A N.A N.A N.A 200 N.A N.A 200 N.A N.A N.A 200 N.A 200 200 200 N.A 200 200 200
Over voltage (stage 1) Trip set- Clearance ting [V] time [m s] 255 200 242 60000 264 253 254 253 253 264 264 264 264 264 276 264 264 253 253 253 253 243 264 233 200 100 200 100 1500 200 100 200 100 500 100 200 1500 200 200 1000 1000 60000 200 50
Over voltage (stage 2) Trip set- Clearance ting [V] time [m s] N.A N.A 264 40 N.A 300 N.A 300 N.A N.A 300 N.A 300 N.A N.A N.A N.A 300 300 N.A 300 264 N.A N.A N.A 1000 N.A 1000 N.A N.A 1000 N.A 1000 N.A N.A N.A N.A 50 50 N.A 1000 200 N.A N.A
Table 2.1: Country Settings for the TLX Product Range - Part 1
Under frequency Trip setting [Hz] Austria Austria (BDEW MV) Belgium Belgium (MV) Czech Rep. Czech Republic (MV) Denmark France France (MV) Germany Germany (MV) Greece Italy Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Portugal Spain Spain (MV) Sweden Switzerland Turkey 47.00 47.50 47.50 47.50 49.50 48.50 47.00 49.80 47.50 47.50 47.50 49.50 49.70 47.50 47.00 49.00 49.00 48.00 48.00 47.00 47.00 47.50 Clearance time [m s] 200 100 200 40 200 100 500 200 100 200 100 500 100 200 500 200 200 1000 1000 500 200 200 LoM - ROCOF LoM - 3 surveillance Trip setClearance Trip setClearance Trip setClearance ting [Hz] time [m s] ting [V] time [m s] ting [Hz/ time [m s] s] 51.00 200 339 200 N.A N.A 51.50 100 N.A N.A N.A N.A Over frequency 50.20 51.50 50.50 50.50 51.00 50.20 51.50 50.20 51.50 50.50 50.30 50.20 50.50 51.00 51.00 51.00 51.00 51.00 50.20 52.00 200 40 200 100 500 200 100 200 100 500 100 200 500 200 200 1000 1000 500 200 200 319 N.A 340 N.A 340 319 N.A 319 N.A 319 319 319 359 339 339 339 N.A 359 319 351 200 N.A 200 N.A 200 200 N.A 200 N.A 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 N.A 200 200 200 1.00 1.00 N.A N.A 2.50 N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A 1.67 N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A 100 100 N.A N.A 200 N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A 500 N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A DC content of AC grid current Trip setClearance ting [mA] time [m s] 1000 1000 220 1000 1000 1000 220 1000 1000 1000 1000 220 110 1000 110 220 220 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 200 2000 200 2000 200 2000 900 200 2000 200 2000 900 1800 200 1800 900 900 200 2000 200 200 200
Table 2.2: Country Settings for the TLX Product Range - Part 2
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Austria Austria (BDEW MV) Belgium Belgium (MV) Czech Rep. Czech Republic (MV) Denmark France France (MV) Germany Germany (MV) Greece Italy Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Portugal Spain Spain (MV) Sweden Switzerland Turkey
Residual current, absolute value Trip setting Clearance [mA] time [m s] 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300
Residual current, step value (stage 1) Trip setting Clearance [mA] time [m s] 30 200 30 200 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300
Residual current, step value (stage 2) Trip setting Clearance [mA] time [m s] 60 150 60 200 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150
Residual current, step value (stage 3) Trip setting Clearance [mA] time [m s] 150 40 150 40 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40
Isolation resistance Trip setting [k] 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200
Table 2.3: Country Settings for the TLX Product Range - Part 3
Connecting times Frequency stabilisation Connect [s] Re-connect [s] Short interruption Activation [Hz] Gradient Deactivation [Hz] Time gradient [s] [%/Hz] [%/min.] 20 20 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A 20 5 3 50.20 40 50.05 10 30 30 20 30 20 30 30 30 30 180 30 30 180 180 20 30 30 20 30 30 5 5 20 5 20 30 5 5 5 180 5 5 180 180 20 5 5 20 5 30 3 3 0 3 0 0 3 3 3 0 3 3 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 N/A 50.20 N/A 50.20 N/A N/A 50.20 N/A 50.20 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 50.20 N/A N/A N/A N/A 40 N/A 40 N/A N/A 40 N/A 40 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 40 N/A N/A N/A N/A 50.05 N/A 50.05 N/A N/A N/A 50.05 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 50.05 N/A N/A N/A N/A 10 N/A 10 N/A N/A N/A 10 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 10 N/A N/A N/A
Austria Austria (BDEW MV) Belgium Belgium (MV) Czech Rep. Czech Republic (MV) Denmark France France (MV) Germany Germany (MV) Greece Italy Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Portugal Spain Spain (MV) Sweden Switzerland Turkey
Table 2.4: Country Settings for the TLX Product Range - Part 4
2.2.4. Derating
Derating the output power is a means of protecting the inverter against overload and potential failure. Furthermore, derating can also be activated to reduce the output power to the grid. Derating is activated by: Too high PV current Too high internal temperature Too high grid current Too high grid voltage
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Too high grid power Too high grid frequency1 External command for Power Level Adjustment (PLA feature)
1) Can only be activated when the inverter is connected to a medium / high voltage AC network, e.g. the country is selected as _MV country.
Derating is accomplished by adjusting the PV voltage and subsequently operating outside the maximum power point of the PV arrays. The inverter continues to reduce the power until the potential overload ceases or the commanded PLA level is reached. The total amount of time the inverter has derated can be seen in the display [Log Derating]. Security level-1 password provides access to view the distribution of the various types of derating. Derating due to PV current or grid power indicates that too much PV power has been installed, whereas derating due to grid current, grid voltage and grid frequency indicate issues with the grid. See Chapter 9, Ancillary Services, for more information. When derating on temperature the output power may vary up 1.5 kW. Grid Voltage Derating If the grid voltage exceeds a defined limit U1 , the inverter derates the output power. If the grid voltage increases and exceeds the defined limit 10 min mean (U2) (see the section International Inverter, country list, ) the inverter ceases to energise the grid in order to maintain power quality and protect other equipment connected to the grid.
Current Derating At grid voltages lower than the nominal voltage, the inverter may derate to keep the output current within the specifications.
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Temperature Derating Derating due to temperature is a sign of too high ambient temperature, a dirty heatsink, a blocked fan or similar. Please see the section on Maintenance for advice.
Table 2.5: Derating limits. To avoid unintentional derating due to measurement inaccuracy the values in brackets are added to the limits.
PV Power Settings in the Display It is very important to set the nominal PV power installed on the PV inputs. This is particularly important if the amount of PV power is not the same on each of the individual PV inputs. The parameter for adjusting the PV power is found in the display [Setup Calibration PV array]. Note that when two or more PV inputs are connected in parallel, each PV input in the parallel group must be set to the total amount of PV power installed to that group divided by the number of parallel inputs. Examples of Installed PV Power can be found in the section Start-up and Check of Settings.
When the levels of the generated PV power differ from one input to the next, the PV configuration is defined as asymmetric. When the PV configuration is asymmetric, the user should manually set the installed PV power to utilise the potential of 6kW per input to increase performance and avoid unintentional loss. The installed PV power is defined as the generated PV-to-Grid power. To calculate these values use the module [kWp] STC values and divide by the PV-to-Grid ratio (Kpv-ac).
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Set PV input values for asymmetrical layouts To enter the PV input values:
1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3.
Enter the installed PV power of each input via the display of the inverter. Access the display at security level 1, under [Setup Setup details Installed PV power]. Entering PV areas is optional. The correct amount of installed PV power is entered. The overall DC limitation of the inverter is not exceeded. Each value does not exceed the maximum 6 kW DC power per PV input.
For further details and examples please refer to Product and Application Note Optimising asymmetrical PV configuration for TripleLynx.
2.2.6. MPPT
A Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) is an algorithm which is constantly trying to maximise the output from the PV array. The MPPT included in the TLX range of inverters is based on the Incremental-Conductance algorithm with some slight modifications. The algorithm updates the PV voltage fast enough to follow quick changes in solar irradiance, > 30 W/(m2*s).
Illustration 2.6: Measured MPPT efficiency for two different ramp profiles. Dotted line: Ramp up from 300 W/m2 to 1000 W/m2 and back. Full coloured line: Ramp up from 100 W/m2 to 500 W/m2 and back.
2.2.7. Efficiency
The efficiency has been measured with a Yokogawa WT 3000 precision power analyser over a period of 250 sec. The efficiency graphs for the individual types in the TripleLynx inverter range are depicted below:
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PPV/UPV 5% 10 % 20 % 30 % 50 % 100 % EU
TripleLynx 10 kW 420 V 700 V 800 V 87.3 % 90.4 % 89.1 % 90.6 % 92.9 % 92.5 % 94.4 % 96.0 % 95.6 % 95.7 % 97.0 % 96.7 % 96.6 % 97.7 % 97.5 % 97.1 % 97.9 % 97.9 % 95.7 % 97.0 % 96.7 %
TripleLynx 12.5 kW 420 V 700 V 800 V 89.5 % 92.2 % 91.1 % 92.1 % 94.1 % 93.8 % 95.2 % 96.6 % 96.3 % 96.2 % 97.4 % 97.1 % 96.9 % 97.9 % 97.7 % 97.0 % 97.8 % 97.9 % 96.1 % 97.3 % 97.3 %
TripleLynx 15 kW 420 V 700 V 800 V 91.1 % 93.4 % 92.5 % 93.1 % 94.9 % 94.6 % 95.7 % 97.0 % 96.7 % 96.5 % 97.6 % 97.4 % 97.0 % 98.0 % 97.8 % 96.9 % 97.7 % 97.9 % 96.4 % 97.4 % 97.4 %
2.2.8. Start-up
PV overvoltage protection Inverters in the TripleLynx range include a feature which actively protects the inverter and PV modules against overvoltage. The function is independent of grid connection and remains active as long as the inverter is fully functional. During normal operation the MPP voltage will be in the 250 800 V range and the PV overvoltage protection remains inactive. If the inverter is disconnected from grid the PV voltage will be in an open circuit scenario. With high irradiation and low module temperature the voltage may rise and exceed 860 V. At this point the protection function becomes active. Upon activation the function will within 3 ms, and in a controlled way, take the PV voltage from being in open circuit to near short circuit. This is done by actively using the transistors in the inverter's power module. With the PV overvoltage protection activated the input voltage will be approximately 5 V, leaving just enough power to supply the internal circuits. When normal grid condition is re-established the inverter will exit the PV overvoltage protection in a controlled manner taking the MPP voltage from the almost short-circuit level up to the MPP point in the 250-800 V range.
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An automatic test of the inverter can be initialised by activating the Inverter Autotest Software in the display. On the display find [Setup Setup details Autotest] and press OK. The autotest of the inverter will now start automatically. The inverter autotest manual can be obtained from the inverter manufacturer.
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In some special cases it is, however, necessary to alter settings due to external conditions, e.g. a weak AC grid (high voltage and/or resistance). Only the following settings can be changed with a level 2 password, all other individual settings can only be changed by authorized service personnel: 10-minute average of grid voltage magnitude ROCOF (rate of change of frequency) Selection/change of country
This can be done either via the display or via the Web Server. In addition, it is only possible to change these settings via the Web Server if the remote access [Setup communication remote access] is enabled. When changing the 10-minute average of grid voltage magnitude and ROCOF, the country ID is automatically set to Custom.
All other individual country settings can only be changed by authorised service personnel. This also requires that the change of functional safety parameters form is completed and shipped to the DNO for authorisation.
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If a wrong country is selected during installation, the country can be changed in the user display or via the Web Server when logged in with a security level 2 password [Home Setup Setup details Country]. A one-day level 2 login can be requested via the service hotline. See the section regarding the display for details on how to operate the display. For the Pro version, see the Web Server User Manual for instructions on how to use the Web Server.
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When choosing the country of installation, the parameters in the above specification will be limited to comply with the country specific grid codes. Example: the country of installation is chosen to GERMANY. The inverter has to comply with the German Functional Safety VDE 126-1-1 to operate in Germany and the limits will automatically be set according to this standard. Earthing systems: The inverters can operate on TN-S, TN-C, TN-C-S and TT systems.
Note: Where an external RCMU is required in a TT system a 300 mA RCMU must be used in order to avoid tripping. IT systems are not supported. Please note that you always have to follow the local rules and regulations from your DNO. To avoid earth currents in the communication cable, ensure there is no difference in the earthing potential of the different inverters when using TN-C earthing.
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No consumer load should be applied between the mains circuit breaker and the inverter.
Note: In case the breakers are placed closely side by side or exposed to heat, please refer to breaker manufacturer derating guidelines.
Table 4.3: Cable Specifications *The distance between inverter and PV array and back, plus the summarised length of the cables used for PV array installation.
Note: Avoid power loss in cables of more than 1 % of nominal inverter rating.
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Please also consider the following when choosing cable type and cross-sectional area: Ambient temperature Layout type (inside wall, under ground, free air etc.) UV-resistance
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Parameter Number of inputs Nominal/maximum PV power per input Maximum input voltage, open circuit Maximum input current Nominal / maximum PV power, total
Table 4.4: PV operating conditions
TripleLynx 10 kW TripleLynx 12.5 kW TripleLynx 15 kW 2 3 3 6000 W 6000 W 6000 W 1000 V 1000 V 1000 V 12 A 12 A 12 A 10300 W 12900 W 15500 W
Illustration 4.5: MPP Area TripleLynx 12.5 kW. Above 800 V is reserved for derating.
Illustration 4.6: MPP Area TripleLynx 10 kW and 15 kW. Above 800 V is reserved for derating.
Reversed Polarity The inverter is protected against reversed polarity but it will not generate power until the polarity is corrected. Reversed polarity damage neither the inverter nor the connectors.
PV to Earth Resistance The monitoring of the PV to earth resistance is implemented for all countries as supplying energy to the grid with a too low resistance could be harmful to the inverter and/or the PV modules. According to the German VDE0126-1-1 standard, the minimum resistance between the terminals of the PV arrays and earth must be 1 k / VOC, thus for a 1000 V system this corresponds to a minimum resistance of 1 M. However, PV modules designed according to the IEC61215 standard are only tested to a specific resistance of minimum 40 M*m2. Therefore, for a 15 kW power plant with a 10% PV module efficiency, the total area of the modules yields 150 m2, which again yields a minimum resistance of 40 M*m2 / 150 m2 = 267 k.
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The required limit of 1 M has for that reason been lowered to 200 k (+ 200 k to compensate for measuring inaccuracy), with the approval of the authorities (Deutsche Gesetzliche Unfallsversicherung, Fachhausschuss Elektrotechnik). During installation, the resistance must be verified before connecting the PV modules to the inverter. The procedure for verifying the resistance is found in the section on PV Connection. Grounding It is not possible to ground any of the terminals of the PV arrays. However, it is compulsory to ground all conductive materials, e.g. the mounting system to comply with the general codes for electrical installations. Parallel Connection of PV Arrays The PV inputs of the inverter can be internally (or externally) connected in parallel. See below for examples. The pros and cons by doing so are: Pros Cons Monitoring of each individual string is not possible String fuses/string diodes may be necessary Layout flexibility Parallel connection makes it possible to apply a single two-wire cable from the PV array to the inverter (reduces the installation cost)
After making the physical connection, the inverter carries out an autotest of the configuration and configures itself accordingly. Examples of PV Systems Examples of different PV connections / systems:
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Illustration 4.7: Identical strings with equal orientation and inclination, connected in parallel at the generator connection box, external splitter connected to 2 or 3 inverter inputs
Illustration 4.8: Identical strings with equal orientation and inclination, connected directly to the inverter, one string to one input.
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Illustration 4.9: Different strings with different orientation and/or inclination, one string to one input.
Illustration 4.10: Two identical strings with same orientation and inclination and one string with differing orientation and/or inclination directly connected to the inverter, one string to one input.
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Illustration 4.11: Four identical strings with same orientation and inclination, connected in parallel at the generator connection box, external splitter connected to 2 or 3 inverter inputs.
Illustration 4.12: One string directly connected to one inverter input, additionally three identical strings with equal orientation and inclination are connected in parallel at the generator connection box, external splitter connected to 2 inverter inputs.
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Illustration 4.13: Six identical strings with same orientation and inclination directly connected to the inverter, two strings are connected to one input.
Illustration 4.14: Identical strings with equal orientation and inclination, two strings are connected in parallel to the generator connection box (or Y-splitter) and are connected to one input, the two other strings are connected to each their own input
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PV Cable Dimensions and Layout As a rule of thumb the power loss in the PV cables should not exceed 1% of nominal value in order to avoid losses. For an array of 5000 W at 700 V, this corresponds to a maximum resistance of 0.98 . Assuming aluminium cable is used (4 mm2 4.8 /km, 6 mm2 3.4 / km), the maximum length for a 4 mm2 cable is approximately 200 m and for a 6 mm2 cable approximately 300 m. The total length is defined as twice the physical distance between the inverter and the PV array plus the length of the PV cables included in the modules. Avoid looping the DC cables as they can act as an antenna of radio-noise caused by the inverter. Plus and minus cables should be placed side by side with as little space between them as possible. This also lowers the induced voltage in case of lightning and reduces the risk of damage. DC Cable length Cable length Max. 1000 V, 16 A < 200 m* >200-300 m*
mm2
Table 4.5: Cable Specifications *The distance between inverter and PV array and back, plus the summarised length of the cables used for PV array installation.
2.
3.
Optimising PV Power The ratio between installed PV power at STC (PSTC) and nominal inverter power (PNOM), the socalled PV-to-grid ratio KPV-AC, is used to evaluate the sizing of the inverter. To reach a maximum Performance Ratio with a cost efficient solution the following upper limits should not be exceeded.
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System type Tracker systems Fixed systems with optimal conditions: Close to ideal orientation (between SW and SE) and inclination (more than 10) Fixed systems with semi optimal conditions: Orientation or inclination exceed the above mentioned limits. Fixed systems with sub-optimal conditions: Orientation and inclination exceed the above mentioned limits.
Corresponding power for TripleLynx TripleLynx 10 kW 12.5 kW 10.5 kWp 13.1 kWp 11.2 kWp 14.0 kWp
1.18
11.8 kWp
14.7 kWp
17.7 kWp
1.25
12.5 kWp
15.6 kWp
18.7 kWp
Table 4.6: Optimisation of PV configuration according to Dr. B. Burger "Auslegung und Dimensionierung von Wechselrichtern fr netzgekoppelte PV-Anlagen", Fraunhofer-Institut fr Solare Energiesysteme ISE, 2005.
Note: The data is only valid for northern European conditions (> 48 North). The PV-to-grid ratio is given specifically for PV systems that are optimised with respect to inclination and orientation. Design for Low AC Grid Voltage The nominal output power of the inverter is specified at a grid voltage of 230 V. The input power should be derated for an AC grid where the voltage is lower than this. Lower grid voltage may occur if the inverter is installed in a network far away from the transformer and/or with high local loads, e.g. in an industrial area. If the AC grid voltage is under the suspicion of being low, the following steps should be adhered to when designing the PV plant: Measure the grid voltage at 10, 12 and 14 oclock (not during holidays), when the load and irradiance is high. If the voltage is below 230 V, the PV plant should be downsized. Otherwise contact the local DNO to have them increase the tap on the transformer (if possible). The PV plant should be downsized according to: PSTC = PNOM * KPV-AC * measured grid voltage / 230 Where PSTC is the installed PV power at STC, PNOM is the nominal inverter power, and KPV-AC is the so-called PV-to-grid ratio. Please see section on Derating.
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Other factors like higher irradiation should also be taken into account. The heat-sink should be cleaned regularly and checked for dust and blocking elements once a year.
Note: For calculation of ventilation, please consider a max. heat dissipation of 600 W per inverter.
4.2.6. Simulation of PV
Please contact Danfoss before connecting the inverter to a power supply for testing purposes, e.g. simulation of PV. The inverter has built-in functionalities that may harm the power supply.
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4.3. Other
4.3.1. Selection of Installation Place
Inverter reliability and life can be improved by mounting the inverter in a place with low ambient temperatures. Do not place the inverter in closed spaces without ventilation, in direct sunlight, or in places that heat up during the day (attics, etc.).
Other factors like higher irradiation should also be taken into account. The heat-sink should be cleaned regularly and checked for dust and blocking elements once a year.
Note: For calculation of ventilation, please consider a max. heat dissipation of 600 W per inverter.
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5
Illustration 5.1: Inverters placed at safe distances in relation to other objects.
Observe these distances when installing one or more inverters. One row mounting is recommended. Please contact your supplier for information on mounting in more rows.
Use of the wall plate delivered with the inverter is mandatory! Use screws that can safely carry the weight of the inverter. The inverter must be aligned and it is important that the inverter is accessible at the front to allow room for servicing.
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Tilt the inverter as shown in the illustration and place the top of the inverter against the mounting bracket. Use the two guides (1) at the top part to control the inverter horizontally.
Lift the inverter upwards (2) over the top of the mounting plate until you feel the inverter tilting towards the wall (3).
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Place the lower part of the inverter against the mounting bracket.
Lower (4) the inverter and make sure that the hook of the bottom part of the inverter is placed in the lower part of the mounting bracket (5). Check that it is not possible to lift the bottom of the inverter away from the mounting bracket. (6) Fasten the screws on either side of the wall plate to secure the inverter.
Illustration 5.6:
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Remember to observe all ESD safety regulations. Any electrostatic charge must be discharged by touching the grounded housing before handling any electronic component. Use a TX 30 screwdriver to loosen the two front screws. Turn the screwdriver until you feel the screws pop up. They are secured with a spring and cannot fall out.
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Push the front cover upwards. When you feel a slight resistance, give the front cover a tap on the bottom to snap it into holding position. It is recommended to use the holding position instead of dismounting the front cover completely.
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To close the inverter, hold on to the lower end of the front cover with one hand and give it a tap on the top until you feel it falling into your hand. Guide the front cover into place and fasten the two front screws.
The two front screws are the PE connection to the front cover. Make sure that both screws are mounted and fastened with the specified torque.
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1. 2.
Verify the inverter matches the gridvoltage Release main circuit breaker and make precautions to prevent reconnection. Open the front cover. Insert the cable through the AC gland to the terminal blocks. The three mains wires (L1, L2, L3) and the Neutral wire (N) are mandatory and must be connected to the 4pole terminal block with the respective markings. The Protective Earth wire (PE) is mandatory and must be connected directly to the chassis PE terminal. Insert the wire and fasten the screw to secure the wire. All wires must be properly fastened with the correct torque Close the front cover, and remember to verify that both front screws are applied with the correct torque to obtain PE connection. Close main circuit breaker.
3. 4. 5.
6.
7. 8.
9.
Please check all wiring. Connecting a phase wire to the neutral terminal may permanently damage the inverter. Do not remove the short circuit bridge (1).
5.6. PV Connection
Do NOT connect PV to earth!
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1. 2.
First verify the polarity and maximum voltage of the PV arrays by measuring the PV open circuit voltage.The PV open circuit voltage must not exceed 1000 V DC. Measure the DC voltage between the plus-terminal of the PV array and Earth (or the green/yellow PE cable). The voltage measured should approximate zero. If the voltage is constant and not zero there is an insulation failure somewhere in the PV array. Locate and fix the failure before continuing. Repeat this procedure for all arrays. It is allowed to distribute the input power on the inputs unevenly, presuming that: The nom. PV power of the inverter is not exceeded (10.3 / 12.9 / 15.5 kW) The individual input is not exceedingly loaded, and not more than 6000 W The maximum short circuit current of the PV modules at STC (Standard Test Conditions) must not exceed 12 A per input On the inverter turn the PV load switch into off position. Connect the PV cables by means of MC4 connectors. Ensure correct polarity! The PV load switch can now be switched on when required.
3. 4.
When unmated the MC4 connectors are not IP54. The intrusion of moisture may occur in the following situations: 1. The inverter runs in Master/Slave operation and only one PV input is being used. In this case, the other 1-2 inputs are not connected to PV and they are therefore open to intrusion. Not all PV inputs are connected. PV connectors are not fitted; for example in case of disconnection of parts of a PV plant over a longer period of time.
2. 3.
In situations where the PV connectors are not fitted, a seal cap must be mounted (included in the scope of the delivery). All MC4 inverters are delivered with seal caps on inputs 2 and 3. During installation, the seal caps of those inputs that are to be used are discarded.
Note: The inverter is protected against reversed polarity but it larity is corrected. To achieve optimum production, the modules must be lower than the max. input voltage of multiplied with a factor of 1.13. UOC, STC x 1.13 UMAX,
will not generate power until the poopen circuit voltage (STC) of the PV the inverter (see the specifications), inv
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Note: The output power from the inverter can be optimised by applying as much open circuit voltage as possible per input. However, it is important that the maximum open circuit voltage from the PV strings does not exceed the absolute maximum that the inverter can withstand. Check the specification of the open circuit voltage at the lowest PV module operating temperature. Also make sure that the lowest open circuit voltage is never lower than 500 V.
If the inverter has been turned on before configuration: Turn off AC and PV and wait 30 min. before proceeding.
Connect the required inputs in parallel or use the terminal block in the inverter to establish the parallel connection. Cut the short circuit bridge to accommodate the required configuration. Close the inverter Turn on AC to start the inverter. The inverter will automatically detect the configuration. To verify your installation, please see the PV configuration in the status menu [Status Photovoltaic PV configuration].
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Note: For wiring details please see the section Auxiliary Specifications. The inverter has the following auxiliary input/output: Communication interfaces GSM modem RS485 communication (1) Ethernet communication (TLX Pro version)(2) PT1000 temperature sensor input x 3 Irradiation sensor input Energy meter (S0) input
Except for the GSM modem, which has an externally mounted antenna, all auxiliary interfaces are located internally in the inverter. Please see the section Man Machine Interface for setup instructions, or the Web Server User Manual.
Illustration 6.1: Auxiliary connection area: Communication board (1-3), Cable glands (5) and EMC clamps (6)
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Hole for cable gland The bottom part of the inverter is prepared for cable glands PG9 (5 pcs.) and PG21 (1 pcs.). Drill a hole in the plastic where the gland should to be mounted and afterwards use a cone cutter to achieve the correct hole size. Note, drill max. 25 mm into the inverter
Illustration 6.2: Auxiliary connection area, cable glands 1 x PG21 and 5 x PG9.
1. 2.
PG9: Other peripheral units (sensors, alarm outputs and RS485 peripheral which interface the terminal block). PG21: For RS485 and Ethernet peripheral units which apply RJ45 plugs.
According to the number of RS485 or Ethernet cables, cut one or two rubber knob(s) and one or two slot(s) in the side of the sealing insert as indicated with * in illustration 6.3 and 6.8. This enables the cable(s) to be inserted from the side.
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1. 2. 3.
Now add the adapted sealing insert to the cable(s) and insert the cable(s) with RJ45 plug through the cable gland hole. Mount the RJ45 plug in the RJ45 socket as shown in illustration 6.1 (1) and fasten the cable gland cap. Optionally the EMC cable clamp (illustration 6.1 (4)) can be used for a mechanical fixation of the cable provided that some of the 6 clamps are free.
Fasten the cable clamp screw to secure it and check that the cable shield is mechanically fixed. Fasten the cable gland cap. Strip off insulation from the wires (approx. 6-7 mm). Insert the wires in the terminal block and fasten the screws to secure them properly.
Terminal block:
Illustration 6.6: Thin shielded cable (cable shield is folded back over the jacket)
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The supported temperature sensor type is PT1000. For layout of the temperature sensor terminal block reference is made to Illustration 6.2, for detailed specifications please see the section on Auxiliary Interface Specifications. For setup, support, offset, adjustment and more, see the section on Connection of Peripheral Units for instructions, or the Sensor Kit Quick Guide.
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Illustration 6.9: Placement of the GSM modem and the external antenna
1. 2. 3.
For layout of the RS485 interface reference is made to Illustration 6.3. For detailed specifications reference is made to the section Auxiliary Interface Specifications.
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Note: The contrast level of the display can be altered by pressing the arrow up/down button while holding down the F1 button. The menu structure is divided into four main sections:
View Status Production Log Setup Presents a short list of information. No changes can be made Shows inverter parameter readings. No changes can be made Shows logged production data. No changes can be made Shows configurable parameters
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All users are initially assigned a security clearance of level 0. To change the security level, a service login is needed which consists of a user ID and a password. This password will provide a one-day access to required security level and must be requested from Danfoss or a Danfoss Service Partner. The user ID and password is entered in [Setup Security Service logon], or via the Web Server login screen. This security level system is similar on both the display and the Web Server. When logged on to the TLX Pro Web Server as Admin, the user is always logged on with security level 0. As soon as these adjustments are completed, it is necessary to return to the security menu and log off to reset the security clearance (to zero). As a safety precaution the Web Server software automatically logs off after 10 min. of no activity. A security level grants access to all menu items at the same level as well as all menu items of a lower security level. Throughout the manual, an [x] in connection with the menu item indicates the min. required security level to view this item.
Note: For authorised service personnel it is possible to navigate to the security menu [Setup Security] and enter a predefined static password to upgrade the security level.
7.1.2. View
Menu Structure - View Parameter [0] Mode: On grid [0] Prod. today: 12345 kWh [0] Power output: 12345 W [0] [ --- utilization bar --- ] Description Displays present inverter mode. See Mode definitions Energy production today in kWh. Value from inverter or S0 energy-meter Current output power in Watt Shows level of inverter utilization as % of max. utilization
7.1.3. View 2
Pressing F1 once more will result in the following screen being shown (see section on buttons for more information):
Menu Structure - View 2 Parameter [0] Grid mgmt: [0] Performance ratio: 87 %* [0] Total CO2 saved:123 T* [0] Total revenue: 234.5 Euro
Description Indicates whether or not any grid management measures are in effect. Only visible if enabled by the current country setting. Performance ratio is shown if irradiation sensor is available (local or master) Lifetime CO2 emission saved, calculated using configured value Lifetime revenue, calculated using configured value
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7.1.4. Status
Menu Structure - Status Display Functions [0] Ambient Conditions [0] Irradiance: 1400W/m2 [0] PV module temp: 100 oC [0] Ambient temp: 20oC [0] Irr. sensor temp: 32 oC [0] Photovoltaic [0] Present values [0] PV input 1 [0] Voltage: 1000V [0] Current: 15.0 A [0] Power 10000 W [0] PV input 2 [0] Voltage: 1000V [0] Current: 15.0 A [0] Power 10000 W [0] PV input 3 [0] Voltage: 1000V [0] Current: 15.0 A [0] Power 10000 W [1] Maximum values [1] PV input 1 [1] Voltage: 1000V [1] Current: 15.0 A [1] Power 10000 W [1] PV input 2 [1] Voltage: 1000V [1] Current: 15.0 A [1] Power 10000 W [1] PV input 3 [1] Voltage: 1000V [1] Current: 15.0 A [1] Power 10000 W [0] Insulation Resistance [0] Resistance: 45 M [1] Minimum: 45 M [1] Maximum: 45 M [0] PV Input Energy [0] Total: 1234567 kWh [0] PV1: 123434 kWh [0] PV2: 123346 kWh [0] PV3: 123345 kWh [0] PV Configuration [0] PV input 1: [0] PV input 2: [0] PV input 3: Description Only applicable if sensors are connected Irradiance as detected by sensor. NC if not connected PV module temperature as detected by sensor. NC if not connected Ambient temperature as detected by sensor. NC if not connected Irradiation sensor temperature as detected by sensor. NC if not connected
of of of of
all PV input PV input 1 PV input 2 PV input 3. Not visible if inverter only has 2 PV inputs.
Configuration of PV input 1. The configuration is only shown when the inverter is in Connecting or On grid mode. Not visible if inverter only has 2 PV inputs.
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Menu Structure - Status - Continued Display Functions [0] AC-grid [0] Present Values [0] Phase 1 [0] Voltage: 250 V [1] 10 min. mean: 248 V [1] L1-L2: 433 V [0] Current: 11.5 A [1] DC-cont of current: 125 mA [0] Frequency: 50 Hz [0] Power: 4997 W [1] Apparent P. (S): 4999 VA [1] Reactive P. (Q): 150 VAr [0] Phase 2 [0] Voltage: 250 V [1] 10 min. mean: 248 V [1] L2-L3: 433 V [0] Current: 11.5 A [1] DC-cont of current: 125 mA [0] Frequency: 50 Hz [0] Power: 4997 W [1] Apparent P. (S): 4999 VA [1] Reactive P. (Q): 150 VAr [0] Phase 3 [0] Voltage: 250 V [1] 10 min. mean: 248 V [1] L3-L1: 433 V [0] Current: 11.5 A [1] DC-cont of current: 125 mA [0] Frequency: 50 Hz [0] Power: 4997 W [1] Apparent P. (S): 4999 VA [1] Reactive P. (Q): 150 VAr [1] Maximum values of AC [1] Phase 1 [1] Voltage: 250 V [1] Current: 11.5 A [1] Power: 4997 W [1] Phase 2 [1] Voltage: 250 V [1] Current: 11.5 A [1] Power: 4997 W [1] Phase 3 [1] Voltage: 250 V [1] Current: 11.5 A [1] Power: 4997 W [0] Residual Current Monitor [0] Current: 350 mA [1] Maximum value: 350 mA [0] Grid management [0] Power level adjustment [0] Present limit: 100 % [0] Reactive Power [0] Set point type: Off [0] Value: -
Description
Voltage on phase 1 Average voltage sampled over 10 min. on phase 1 Phase to phase voltage Current on phase 1 DC content of AC-grid current on phase 1 Frequency on phase 1 Power on phase 1 Apparent power (S) on phase 1 Reactive power (Q) on phase 1
7
Maximum values registered
Only visible if enabled by the current country setting. Maximum allowed power output in % of nominal power output. Off means that the power level adjustment functionality has been disabled in the inverter. The set point type for Reactive Power. Off means that no internal set points are used, but the inverter will accept an external set point. The current value of the set point for reactive power, the unit depends on the selected setpoint type.
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Menu Structure - Status - Continued Display Functions [0] Inverter [0] Country: Germany [1] DC-bus voltages [1] Upper: 400 V [1] Max upper: 500 V [1] Lower: 400 V [1] Max lower: 500 V [0] Internal Conditions [0] Power module 1: 100 oC [1] Power module 2: 100 oC [1] Power module 3: 100 oC [1] Power module 4: 100 oC [0] PCB 1 (Aux): 100 oC [1] PCB 2 (Ctrl): 100 oC [1] PCB 3 (Pow): 100 oC [0] Fan 1: 6000 RPM [1] Fan 2: 6000 RPM [1] Fan 3: 6000 RPM [1] Fan 4: 6000 RPM [1] Max values [1] Power module 1: 100 oC [1] Power module 2: 100 oC [1] Power module 3: 100 oC [1] Power module 4: 100 oC [1] PCB 1 (Aux): 100 oC [1] PCB 2 (Ctrl): 100 oC [1] PCB 3 (Pow): 100 oC [0] Serial no. and SW ver. [0] Inverter [0] Prod- and serial number: [0] 123A4567 [0] 123456A789 [0] Software version: [0] MAC address: [0] ... [0] Control board [0] Part-and serial number: [0] 123A4567 [0] 123456A789 [0] Software version: [1] Operating time: 1h [0] Power board [0] Part-and serial number: [0] 123A4567 [0] 123456A789 [1] Operating time: 1h [0] AUX board [0] Part-and serial number: [0] 123A4567 [0] 123456A789 [1] Operating time: 1h [0] Communication board [0] Part-and serial number: [0] 123A4567 [0] 123456A789 [0] Software version: [1] Operating time: 1h [0] Func. Safety Processor [0] Software version: [0] Display [0] Software version: [0] Upload status [0] Upload status: Off [0] Signal strength: 99 [0] [0] [0] [0] [0] [0] [0] GSM status: None Network: Failed uploads: 0 Last error: 0 Last upload: -
Inverter product number Inverter serial number Inverter software version The MAC address of the communication board
Control board part number Control board serial number Control board software version
Communication board part number Communication board serial number Communication board software version
Functional Safety processor software version Display software version Current upload status Signal strength. Should preferably be between 16-31. 99 Indicates no signal Current GSM network status Network to which the modem is connected Number of consecutive failed uploads Last error ID, please see the GSM manual for further assistance Time and date of last error Time and date of last successful upload
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Yearly production, up to 20 years back Production from this year shown in KWh
Only visible if it contains non-zero values Irradiation from this week Irradiation from one day shown in kWh/m2
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Menu Structure - Production Log - Continued Display Functions [0] Time stamps [0] Installed: 30-12-99 [0] Power down: 21:00:00 [0] Prod. initiated: 06:00:00 [0] De-rating [0] Total de-rate: 0 h [1] Grid voltage: 0 h [1] Grid current: 0 h [1] Grid power: 0 h [1] PV current: 0 h [1] PV power: 0 h [1] Temperature: 0 h [0] Pwr level adjust: 0 h [0] Freq. stabiliza.: 0 h
Description Date of first grid connection When the inverter last changed to operation mode off grid When the inverter last changed to operation mode on grid Period of time the inverter has limited power production in total Period of time the inverter has limited power production due to grid voltage Period of time the inverter has limited power production due to grid current Period of time the inverter has limited power production due to grid power Period of time the inverter has limited power production due to PV current Period of time the inverter has limited power production due to PV power Period of time the inverter has limited power production due to excessive temperatures Period of time the inverter has limited power production due to Power level adjustment. Only visible if enabled by the current country setting. Period of time the inverter has limited power production due to frequency support. Only visible if enabled by the current country setting. Due to reactive energy support Only visible if the current country setting is an MV country or custom, and in TLX+ versions.
[0] Reactive Power: 0 h [0] Reactive Power [0] Reactive Energy (underexcited): 1000 000 VArh [0] Reactive Energy (overexcited): 1000 000 VArh [0] Event log [0] Latest event: 0 [0] Last 20 events [0] 1 : 29-01-2009 14:33:28 [0] Grid 29 off [0] 2: 29-01-2009 14:33:27 [0] Grid 29 on ... [0] 20:
The latest event is displayed. The number is for service purposes. Zero indicates no error. The latest 20 events are displayed Date and time of the event Group - ID - Status of event
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7.1.6. Setup
Menu Structure - Setup Display Functions [0] External Alarm [0] Stop Alarm [0] Test Alarm [0] Alarm time-out: 009 s [0] Alarm state: Disabled [0] Setup details [0] Language: English [2] Country: Denmark [2] Safety affecting settings [2] 10 min. mean voltage [2] Avg. voltage limit: 253 V [2] Time to disconnect: 200 ms [2] ROCOF [2] ROCOF limit: 2.50 Hz/s [2] Time to discon.: 1000 ms [1] PV Configuration [1] Mode: Automatic [1] PV input 1: Automatic [1] PV input 2: Automatic [1] PV input 3: Automatic [1] Force inverter power up [0] Inverter details [0] Inverter name: Danfoss [0] Group name:* [0] Group 1* [0] Master mode* [0] Master mode: Enabled* [0] Network* [0] Initiate network scan* [0] Scan progress: 0%* [0] Inverters found: 0* [0] Plant name: plant name [1] Reset max. values [0] Set date and time [0] Date: dd.mm.yyyy (30.12.2002) [0] Time: hh.mm.ss (13.45.27) [0] Calibration [0] PV array [0] PV input 1: 6000 W [0] PV 1 area: 123 m2 [0] PV input 2 : 6000 W [0] PV 2 area: 123 m2 [0] PV input 3: 6000 W [0] PV 3 area: 123 m2 [0] Irradiation sensor [0] Scale (mV/1000 W/m2): 75 [0] Temp. coeff: 0.06 %/oC [0] Temp. sensor offset [0] PV module temp: 2 oC [0] Ambient Temp: 2o C [0] S0 sensor input [0] Scale (pulses/kWh): 1000 Description Only applicable if external alarm is connected Stop alarm Includes testing red LED on front Alarm time limit. If 0, the alarm will be active until fixed
The language in the display; changing the language does not affect country setting The country setting, which defines functional safety settings Settings that have influence in functional safety Upper 10 min. average voltage limit Maximum amount of time before the inverter must disconnect from the grid due to too high avg voltage ROCOF: Rate of Change of Frequency See the section on Parallel connection May be changed to Manual if the automatic PV configuration is to be overridden
Turns on grid supply to CTRL board The inverter's name. Max. 15 characters. Max. 15 characters and not only numbers. The name of the group the inverter is part of Max. 15 characters.
Not visible if inverter only has 2 PV inputs. Not visible if inverter only has 2 PV inputs. Sensor calibration Sensor calibration Sensor calibration (offset) Sensor calibration (offset) Sensor calibration. See note
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Menu Structure - Setup - Continued Display Functions [0] Environment* [0] CO2 emission factor:* [0] 0.5 kg/kWh* [0] Remuneration per kWh:* [0] 44.42 ct/kWh* [0] Yield start count: 1000 kWh* [0] Communication setup [0] RS485 setup [0] Network: 15 [0] Subnet: 15 [0] Address: 255 [0] IP Setup [0] IP config: Automatic [0] IP address: [0] 192.168.1.191 [0] Subnet mask: [0] 255.255.255.0 [0] Default gateway: [0] 192.168.1.1 [0] DNS server: [0]123.123.123.123 [0] GPRS connection setup [0] SIM PIN code: 0000 [0] Access point name: name [0] User name: user [0] Password: password [0] Roaming: Disabled [0] Data warehouse service [0] Upload channel: LAN [0] Upload time (h:m): 14:55 [0] Start log upload [0] D.W FTP server address: www.inverterdata.com [0] D.W server port: 65535 [0] FTP mode: Active [0] D.W. server user name: user [0] D.W server password password
Description Value to be used for total CO2 saved calculation Value to be used for total revenue calculation A value used as an offset from the current production value when calculating the yield.
Default serial number of the inverter User name for Data warehouse account, max. 20 chars. Password for Data warehouse account, max 20 chars.
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Menu Structure - Setup - Continued Display Functions [0] Autotest [0] Status: Off [0] Ugrid: 234 V [0] Utest: 234 V [0] Fgrid: 50.03 Hz [0] Ftest: 50.03 Hz [0] Disconnection time: 53 ms [0] Logging [0] Interval: 10 min [0] Logging capacity: [0] 10 Days [1] Delete event log [1] Delete production log [1] Delete irradiation log [1] Delete data log [0] Web Server * [0] Reset password* [0] Service* [1] Store settings* [1] Restore settings* [1] Replicate settings* [0] Security [0] [0] [0] [0] Password: 0000 Security level: 0 Log out Service logon [0] User name: [0] user name [0] Password: [0] password
Description Initiate autotest, only applicable with country setting; Italy Only visible during voltage tests Only visible during voltage tests Only visible during frequency tests Only visible during frequency tests Not visible in Off and Completed OK states The interval between each logging
Resets the password of the Web Server to its default value. Store inverter settings and data in the display of the inverter. Restore all inverter settings and data stored in the display of the inverter. Replicate all inverter settings to all other known inverters in the network. Only visible if master mode is enabled. Level of access to inverter parameters and settings Current security level Log out to security level 0 Only to be used by authorised service personnel
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Last 20 events: The event log menu contains the submenu Last 20 events, which is a log of the last 20 events. In addition to the information provided by latest event, this log also provides the time and date of the event as well as the status (On/Off) of the event.
The latest event is shown at the top of the screen. The event was registered at 14:33:28 on January 29th, 2009. The event is grid related, the specific ID is 29 and the event is no longer active. Note that several entries registered at the same time may be present. This, however, does not mean that the inverter experienced all registered events. Some of the events may be a result of the original event.
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The alarm is activated by any of the following events occurring: Event ID Description 40 The AC grid has been out of range for more than 10 minutes. 115 The insulation resistance between ground and PV is too low. This will force the inverter to make a new measurement after 10 minutes. 233-240 Internal memory error 241, 242 Internal communication error 243, 244 Internal error 251 The functional safety processor has reported Fail safe 350-364 An internal error has set the inverter in Fail safe
Table 7.11: Activation of alarm
The alarm output can also be configured via the integrated Web Server. For details, please refer to the Web Server User Manual.
Note: The inverter is pre-configured with a unique RS485 address. If the address is changed manually, please make sure that inverters connected in a network do not have identical addresses.
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Note: Due to the advanced functionalities of the inverter, it may take up to 10 seconds before the user interface of the GLCP becomes available. The inverter is shipped with a predefined set of settings for different countries. All country specific limits are stored in the inverter and must be selected at installation. It is always possible to see the applied country limits in the display. The inverter accounts for daylight saving automatically. After installation, check all cables and then close the inverter. Turn on AC at the mains switch. When prompted by the display select language. This selection has no influence on the operating parameters of the inverter and is not a country selection. The language is set to English at initial startup. To change this setting press the OK button. Press to scroll down through the languages. Select language by pressing OK.
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Illustration 7.4: Select language
Note: To use the default language (English) simply press the 'OK' button twice to select and accept.
Note: For the TLX Pro version the first start-up and check of settings can also be performed via the integrated Web Server. For further details, please refer to the Web Server User Manual. Set time as prompted by the display. Press 'OK' to select number. Press to scroll up through the numbers. Select by pressing 'OK'. The clock is 24-hour format.
Note: It is very important to set the time and date accurately as the inverter uses this for logging. If a wrong time/date is accidentally set, please correct it immediately in the set date and time menu [Setup Inverter details Set date and time].
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Set date as prompted by the display. Press 'OK' to select. Press to scroll up through the numbers. Select by pressing 'OK'.
Enter the amount of installed PV power for each of the PV inputs. When two or more PV inputs are connected in parallel, each PV input in the parallel group must be set to the total amount of PV power installed to that group divided by the number of parallel inputs. Please see the table below for examples of installed PV power. For more information see the Reference Manual. The display will now show Select country. The country is set to undefined at initial start-up. To select country press 'OK'. Press to scroll down through the list of countries. Select the country in which the inverter is installed by pressing OK. It is very important that the correct country is chosen.
Confirm your choice by selecting the country again and press 'OK. The settings for the chosen country have now been activated.
The inverter only complies with local and national standards provided the correct country has been selected. If a different country than the one the inverter is installed in is chosen it can have serious consequences.
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Note: If the two country selections do not match they will be cancelled and it will be necessary to redo the selections. If a wrong country is accidentally accepted at the first selection, simply accept the Country: Undefined in the confirm country screen. This will cancel the country selection and a new selection is possible. If a wrong country is selected twice, please call service. The inverter will start automatically if sufficient solar radiation is available. The start-up will take a few minutes. During this period, the inverter will carry out a self-test.
Actual Configuration PV1, PV2 and PV3 are all set into individual mode. The nominal PV power installed are: PV 1: 6000 W PV 2: 6000 W PV 3: 3000 W PV1 and PV2 are set into parallel mode and have a total of 10 kW PV power installed. PV3 is set into individual mode and has nominal 4 kW PV power. PV1 and PV2 are set into parallel mode and have a total of 11 kW PV power installed. PV3 is set to Off and has no PV installed. Table 7.12: Examples of installed PV power
PV PV PV PV PV PV PV PV PV
1: 2: 3: 1: 2: 3: 1: 2: 3:
W W W W W W W W
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For plant, group and inverter name, only the following characters are supported:
Letters abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz Capital letters ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ Numbers 0123456789 Special characters - _. Note! Spaces are allowed for group and plant name (not inverter).
3.
4.
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5.
When prompted, select: language time date PV power country - then confirm country.
Via the Web Server or the inverter display, it is always possible to change the name of the inverter, see [Setup inverter].
Note: Only one user at the time can access the Web Server. To prevent blocking the Web Server an automatic session time-out built into it. The session time-out is 10 minutes and when it expires the user is automatically logged out of the Web Server. As the TLX Pro inverter can be connected to the Internet, there is a security risk. It is strongly recommended that the login password is changed after the initial installation in order to protect it from unauthorised access by third parties. Select a number-letter combination with at least eight characters for the password. [Setup Inverter details]
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Once the scan is finished, please verify that the correct number of inverters have been found. Now the logging procedure will start. Per default the inverter logs data every 10 minutes.
Note: It is essential to select a master inverter also if the network only consists of one inverter. Further information regarding Ethernet networking can be found in the Ethernet application note.
8.4. Operation
8.4.1. Web Server Structure
The layout of the Web Server software is structured in the following way:
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1. 2.
Plant name: Shows the current plant name and opens the plant menu. The plant name is changed via [Setup Setup details]. Group menu: Here the individual groups are displayed. Per default all inverters are added to group 1. By clicking on a group name the group view for this particular group will be displayed together with a list of the inverters present in the particular group. The group name is changed via [Setup Inverter details] in the inverter view. Displays the inverters currently present in a particular group. Selecting an inverter will display the inverter view for the particular inverter. Per default the inverter name equals the last 10 or 11 digits of the inverter serial number. The name of the inverter is easily changed via [Setup Inverter details] (inverter view). Main menu: Displays the main menu items. This menu and its structure correspond to the menu on the display. All sub menu items belonging to a particular main menu item are displayed here. This structure also follows the structure of the display of the inverter. The sub menu content is displayed here according to the selected sub menu. On some pages, a horizontal menu is added to provide a better overview. On the footer bar, the following options exist: Language: Opens a pop-up window from which the language of the web servers is easily changed. Click on the country flag to change the language of the Web Server to the desired language for this session. Contact: Opens a pop-up window which displays the contact information of Danfoss. Logout: Displays the login screen. Security level: Displays the current security level according to the section on Security Levels.
3.
4. 5. 6. 7.
Note: The content of the main menu changes depending on which item is currently selected, i.e. master inverter, a group of inverters or an individual inverter.
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Illustration 8.4: Plant Overview Item Overall plant status Unit Description Displays the current status of the plant, the group or a particular inverter. For the plant or group view, the following rules apply: Red: 30% or less of the inverters connected to the master are currently in operation mode Failsafe, have too low performance ratio (PR 50%), or are out of reach of the master. Yellow: One of the inverters connected to the master is currently in operation mode Connecting or Off grid, has too low performance ratio 51 % PR 70%, or is out of reach of the master. Green: All inverters are operating OK, and in operation mode On grid. PR 71% For the individual inverter, the following rules apply: Red: The inverter is off grid or in Failsafe mode or in operation mode Connecting, has too low performance ratio, or an income deviation error (PR 50%). Yellow: 51 % PR 70 %, the inverter is currently in operation mode Connecting or Off grid. Green: The inverter is operating as expected, PR 71% and it is in operation mode On Grid.
Grid: Note! In order to be able to calculate the performance ratio, an irradiation sensor must be connected to at least the master inverter, see [Setup Calibration].
Current power Yield today Total revenue Total CO2 saving Performance ratio Total yield Present limit W kWh Euro T % kWh % Displays the current production of the plant/group or inverter. Displays what the particular plant, group or inverter has produced today. The total revenue of the plant. Group or inverter. The total CO2 saving of the plant, group or inverter. The current performance ratio of the plant, group or inverter. The total yield of the plant, group or inverter. Displays the maximum allowed power in % of the nominal output of the inverter.
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9. Ancillary Services
9. Ancillary Services
9.1. Introduction
Ancillary services are those services required to support transport of power on grids. For some local DNOs the support of such services is mandatory. Ancillary services available with TripleLynx include: Power Level Adjustment (PLA) Grid Frequency Derating (MV) Ride Through Reactive Power (MV) Fault Ride Through (MV)
Note: Check local legal requirements before changing settings for Ancillary Services. Headings ending in MV indicates that this function is active when a Medium Voltage country setting is chosen.
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9. Ancillary Services
Illustration 9.1: f1, f2, the gradient and the time ramp are adjustable
The inverters have a high immunity against such disturbances as depicted below:
Illustration 9.2: Example of Ride Through with the country setting Germany
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9. Ancillary Services
Note: The settings for managing reactive power differ for TLX+ and TLX Pro+. For TLX+:
Note: When using third-party products the factory settings (default setting OFF) must be applied. For further details see section on Managing Reactive Power Using TLX+. Select the mode of operation, or Set point type for reactive power, via [Setup Grid management ]. Please see the description in the section Managing Reactive Power Using TLX+. For TLX Pro+: Select the Set point type for reactive power via the web interface, please see description in the section Managing Reactive Power Using TLX Pro+. For further information on reactive power in general, please refer to the section Theory at the end of this chapter.
Note: For TLX+ inverters: Inverter control of reactive power is only possible for medium voltage grids or custom country selection.
1 Radio receiver 2 Third-party grid management box Operating mode The inverter will operate in one of three modes: Off (default setting) Constant reactive power Q Constant power factor PF
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Off: The inverter will not use any internal set point for reactive power, but an external set point source can be used. Danfoss TLX+ inverters support a number of third-party grid management units for managing reactive power. Constant reactive power Q: The inverter will generate a fixed level of reactive power, specified as a percentage of the inverters nominal apparent power (S). The value of constant reactive power Q can be set in the range from 60% (under-excited) to 60% (over-excited). Inverter type TLX+ / TLX Pro+ 10k TLX+ / TLX Pro+ 12.5k TLX+ / TLX Pro+ 15k
Table 9.1: Reactive Power Range
Note: The maximum amount of reactive power is available, from when the inverter is generating 3% of the nominal real power and above. Constant power factor PF: Constant Power factor specifies a fixed relation between real and apparent power (P/S), i.e. a fixed Cos (). The power factor PF can be set in the range from: 0.8 under-excited to 0.8 over-excited. The reactive power generated by the inverter is thus dependent on the real power generated. Example: PF = 0.9 Generated real power (P) = 10.0 kW Apparent power (S) = 10.0/0.9 = 11.1 kVA
Reactive power (Q) = (11.12-10.02) = 4.8 kVAr Set the Set point type to Off. This will enable the inverter to accept a set point for PF and Q, transmitted via RS485 from the external source. View the set points of Q or PF under: [Status Grid Management ].
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Operating Mode The inverter allocated to act as master controls the reactive power settings of all other inverters in the plant, transmitting settings for Reactive Power (Q) and Power Factor (PF). As a function of grid voltage or output power, or Setting Q and PF as constant values, or Setting Q and PF as external set point references (via Danfoss Grid Management Box)
1 Radio receiver 2 Third-party grid management box Nominal Plant AC power: The nominal apparent power of the entire plant must be entered here in order for the master inverter to make the correct scaling of the reactive power generated. Set the following parameters on the master inverter only: Set Reference Source under: Grid Management Box: The external reference for reactive power for the whole plant is received via the Danfoss Grid Management Box.
Constant reactive power, Q Constant power factor, PF The master inverter sets the entered values of Q or PF to all inverters in the plant. For Constant Reactive Power, Q the set point can be entered either as a constant numeric value in kVAr, or as a percentage of the Nominal Plant AC power. Set point Curve Q(U) The master inverter controls reactive power as a function of the grid voltage U. The values for the set point curve are determined by the local utility company and must be obtained from them. Set point Curve PF(P) The master inverter controls reactive power as a function of the plant real output power P. The values for the set point curve are determined by the local utility company and must be obtained from them.
The individual set points are entered as a 9 pair of numbers. Either grid power with the corresponding required PF, or the Grid voltage with the corresponding required amount of reactive power are entered either as numeric values in kVAr or as a percentage of the Nominal Plant AC power.
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9. Ancillary Services
Fallback Values If Grid Management Box is selected as Reference Source, fixed Fallback values are used in case of communication loss between the master inverter and the Grid Management box, or by the individual inverter in case of communication loss to the master inverter. [Setup Grid management General] All settings for plant control are made at the master inverter. For all other inverters (non-master inverters), the Set point type must be set to Off (default setting) enabling them to accept an external set point coming from the master inverter. Use the master inverter to distribute the setting Off to the entire network.
For more information please refer to the Web Server User Manual and the Danfoss Grid Management Box Manual.
9.5.5. Theory
The principle in generating reactive power is that the phases between the voltage and the current are shifted in a controlled way. Reactive power can, in contrast to real power, not transport any consumable energy but it generates losses in power lines and transformers and is normally unwanted. Reactive loads can be either capacitive or inductive in nature, depending on the current leads or lags in relation to the voltage. Utility companies have an interest in controlling reactive power in their grids, for example in: Compensation for inductive loading by insertion of capacitive reactive power Voltage control
To compensate for this a generator supplying reactive power operates either at a lagging power factor, also known as over-excited; or at a leading power factor, also known as under-excited.
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9. Ancillary Services
The technical definition of reactive power: Real power (P) measured in Watts [W] Reactive power (Q) measured in volt-ampere reactive [VAr] Apparent power (S) is the vector-sum of P and Q and is measured in volt-ampere [VA] is the angle between P and S
Q: The amount of reactive power as a percentage of the nominal apparent power of the inverter. PF, Power Factor: The ratio between P and S (P/S), also referred to as: Cos().
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Parameters related to Fault Ride Through (FRT) These parameters are set automatically upon selecting the country of operation.
Parameter FRT upper threshold level FRT lower threshold level Description Upper grid voltage magnitude for engaging a High voltage FRT Lower grid voltage magnitude for engaging a Low voltage FRT
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Event Type: ID: Description: Action: DNO (Distribution Network Operator): Hotline:
PV:
Indicates whether the event relates to Grid, PV, Internal of Fail safe issues The specific event ID Description of the event Description of what action should be taken prior to contacting any other parties If the described procedure in the Action row has not identified the malfunction, contact the DNO for further assistance If the described procedure in the Action row has not identified the malfunction, contact the inverter hotline for further assistance. If the described procedure in the Action row has not identified the malfunction, contact the PV supplier for further assistance
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Grid- Grid related events ID Description Action 16 The grid voltage is Check voltage and AC installation, if the voltage is zero too low check the fuses 79 The grid mean volt- Check that the installation is correct according to the instalage is too high lation manual and if found okay, then increase the mean voltage limit according to section Functional Safety 1015 The grid voltage is Check voltage and AC installation too high 1618 The momentary Check voltage and AC installation grid voltage is too high 1924 The grid frequency is out of range 2527 Loss of mains, line to line voltage too low 2830 Loss of mains, ROCOF out of range 3133 DC content of the grid current is too high 3437 The detected residual current is too high 40 The AC grid has been out of range for more than 10 minutes 246 A grid event was detected and inverter was stopped by the redundant safety circuit Check the line to line voltage and the AC installation Make a visual inspection of all PV cables and modules Check the AC installation
DNO Hotline PV x x x x -
x x x x
x x -
A grid event was detected and inverter was stopped by the redundant safety circuit. Check the event log, if the majority of entries are of type 246, call the service department. Otherwise wait 24 h and check again.
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Table 10.2: Grid related events PV - PV related events ID Description 115 The insulation resistance between ground and PV is too low. This will force the inverter to make a new measurement after 10 minutes have passed. Table 10.3: PV related events
Action DNO Hotline PV Make a visual inspection of all PV cables x x and modules. Check that the installation is correct according to the installation manual as it could indicate that the PE connection is missing.
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Internal - Events caused by the inverter ID Description 201208 The internal temperature of the inverter is too high 209, 210 The intermediate voltages inside the inverter are too high 211 212 No tacho signal from fan The intermediate voltages inside the inverter are out of balance The grid current is too high Islanding protection trip
Action Check whether the airflow to the heat sink is blocked Check the maximum PV voltage using the display to see if it is above the limits Check the event log, if the majority of entries are of type 211, call the inverter hotline Check the DC bus values and call the inverter hotline Check grid is available No action required
DNO Hotline PV x x x x -
216218 223
x x x x x x x x x -
224 A wire is broken in the RCMU 225240 Internal memory error 241, 242, 249 Internal communication error 243, 244 Internal error 247 A plausibility test in the functional safety processor has failed 251 The functional safety processor has reported Fail safe 213215 Plausibility error between internal measurements 222 Autotest conducted (only applicable in Italy) Table 10.4: Internal events
Fail Safe - Events caused by the self-test ID Description Action 350-352 RCMU self-test failed 353-355 Current sensor test failed Ensure correct polarity on PV arrays 356-363 Transistor & relay test failed 364 Potential error in the AC installation Verify that the AC installation is correct according to the installation manual. Verify that the Neutral wire is connected. Table 10.5: Events caused by the self-test
DNO -
Hotline x x x x
PV -
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10.2. Maintenance
Normally, the inverter needs no maintenance or calibration. It should be ensured, however, that the heatsink is not covered. To ensure the functionality of the PV load switch, all switches should be switched on and off (by turning the switch to on and off positions ten times) once a year, to clean the contacts. The PV load switch is located at the bottom of the inverter.
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Clean the heatsink by means of pressurised air or a soft cloth or a brush. Do not use a water hose, aggressive chemicals, cleaning solvents or strong detergents to clean the inverter.
The heatsink can reach a temperature of more than 70C during operation. Touching components of this temperature may result in serious injuries!
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10000 W 0-6.0 kVAr 3x230 V 20 % 3 x 15 A 3 x 15 A <5% >0.97 0.8 over-excited 0.8 under-excited 10 W <5 W 50 5 Hz
12500 W 0-7.5 kVAr 3x230 V 20 % 3 x 19 A 3 x 19 A <5% >0.97 0.8 over-excited 0.8 under-excited 10 W <5 W 50 5 Hz
15000 W 0-9.0 kVAr 3x230 V 20 % 3 x 22 A 3 x 22 A <5% >0.97 0.8 over-excited 0.8 under-excited 10 W <5 W 50 5 Hz
DC Nominal power DC Max recommended PV power at STC 2) Nominal voltage DC MPP voltage - nominal power 3) MPP efficiency Max DC voltage Turn on voltage DC Turn off voltage DC Max. current DC Max. short circuit current DC at STC Min. on grid power Efficiency Max efficiency Euro efficiency, V at dc,r Other Dimensions (L,W,H) Mounting recommendation Weight Acoustic Noise level4 Operation temperature range Nom. temperature range Storage temperature Overload operation Overvoltage category AC Overvoltage category DC PLA Reactive Power Functional Safety Islanding detection - loss of mains Voltage Magnitude Frequency DC content of AC current Insulation resistance RCMU - Type B Indirect contact protection Short circuit protection
10300 W 11800 Wp 700 V 430-800 V 99.9 % 1000 V 250 V 250 V 2x12 A 2x12 A 20 W 98 % 97.0 % 700x525x250 mm Wall bracket 35 kg 56 dB(A) -25..60 C -25..45 C -25..60 C Change of operating point Class III Class II Included TLX+ and TLX Pro+ Three phase monitoring (ROCOF) Included Included Included Included Included Yes (class I, grounded) Yes
12900 W 14700 Wp 700 V 358-800 V 99.9 % 1000 V 250 V 250 V 3x12 A 3x12 A 20 W 98 % 97.3 % 700x525x250 mm Wall bracket 35 kg 56 dB(A) -25..60 C -25..45 C -25..60 C Change of operating point Class III Class II Included TLX+ and TLX Pro+ Three phase monitoring (ROCOF) Included Included Included Included Included Yes (class I, grounded) Yes
15500 W 17700 Wp 700 V 430-800 V 99.9 % 1000 V 250 V 250 V 3x12 A 3x12 A 20 W 98 % 97.4 % 700x525x250 mm Wall bracket 35 kg 56 dB(A) -25..60 C -25..45 C -25..60 C Change of operating point Class III Class II Included TLX+ and TLX Pro+ Three phase monitoring (ROCOF) Included Included Included Included Included Yes (class I, grounded) Yes
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* Deviant from paragraph 4.2.7 the isolation resistance measurement limit is set to 200 k, in accordance with authorities.
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Illustration 11.1: Overview of Inverter with Torque Indications Parameter Front screws Locking screw Terminal blocks (small) Terminal blocks (large) PE PG9 PG21 Screwdriver TX 30 TX 30 Straight slot 0.5x3.0 mm Straight slot 1.0x5.5 mm Straight slot 1.0x5.5 mm SW 19 mm SW 33 mm Torque 6-8 Nm 5 Nm 0.5 Nm Min. 1.2 Nm 2.2 Nm 2-3 Nm 4-5 Nm
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
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1) Max. number of inverters are 250. If GSM modem is used for portal upload, the amount of inverters in a network is limited to 50. 2) For outdoor use, we recommend outdoor burial type cable (if buried in the ground) for both Ethernet and RS485. 3) Third input is used for compensation of the irradiation sensor. 4) The number of inverters to be connected in the RS485 network depend on which peripheral device is connected.
To ensure fulfilment of IP enclosure rating, correctly mounted cable glands is essential for all peripheral cables.
To ensure EMC compliance, shielded cables must be applied for Sensor inputs and RS485 communication. Unshielded cables may be applied for alarm outputs. Other auxiliary cables must pass through the designated EMC cable clamps to establish mechanical fixing and in case of shielded cable termination to the shielding device.
Parameter Potential free contact Rating AC Rating DC Maximum wire gauge Over voltage category Optional Modem Condition Relay output Specification x1 250 VAC, 8 A 2000 VAor 24 VDC, 8 A,192 W 2.5 mm2 Class III GSM
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Illustration 11.3: RS485 detail of Communication Board. BIAS L and Bias H are to be connected to RX/TX B and RX/TX A respectively for termination of RS485 bus.
Pinout RS-485 Pinout Ethernet only, via the RJ45 connector 1. GND 1. RX+ 2. GND 2. RX 3. RX/TX A (-) 3. TX+ 4. BIAS L 4. 5. BIAS H 5. 6. RX/TX B (+) 6. TX7. Not connected 7. 8. Not connected 8. Bold = Compulsory, Cat5 cable contains all 8 wires For Ethernet: 10Base-TX and 100Base-TX auto cross over
Note: The RS485 communication bus must be terminated at both cable ends
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Note: The two network types cannot be mixed. The inverters can only be connected in networks which are either solely RS485 or solely Ethernet.
Note: Each inverter has a unique RS485 address when it is delivered. This address is defined at the time of production.
Note: Due to the increased communication speed available when the Pro inverters are connected in an Ethernet network, it is recommended to use Ethernet instead of an RS485 connection. However, if a web or data logger should be connected to the inverters, please make sure to use RS485 for connecting the inverters.
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1 2 3 (4)
Linear Daisy Chain Star Topology Ring Topology (not allowed) (Ethernet Switch)
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EC-DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY
For CE marking in EU (European Union)
Danfoss Solar Inverters A/S Jyllandsgade 28 DK-6400 Snderborg Denmark Declares on our responsibility that the below product line
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EU Directives: 2004/108/EC: EMC Directive.
TLX 10k TLX 12.5k TLX 15k to which this declaration relates is in conformity with the following directive(s), standard(s) or other normative document(s), provided that it is used according to our instructions: Based on EU harmonized standards: EN 61000-3-2 (2006) EN 61000-3-3 (2006) EN 61000-3-12 (2005) EN 61000-6-1 (2007) EN 61000-6-2 (2005) EN 61000-6-3 (2007) EN 61000-6-4 (2006) EN 60146-1 (1993) EN 50178 (1997)
Date: 2008-10-20
Approved by
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VDEW-KONFORMITTSERKLRUNG
Danfoss Solar Inverters A/S Jyllandsgade 28 DK-6400 Snderborg Denmark erklrt in alleiniger Verantwortung, dass die Produktlinie TLX 10k TLX 12.5k TLX 15k auf die sich diese Erklrung bezieht, die Festlegung des VDN (Verband der Netzbetreiber e.V. beim VDEW) bezglich des Verhltnisses zwischen der maximalen Ausgangsscheinleistung und der Nennscheinleistung, entsprechend dem Merkblatt zur VDEW-Richtlinie (Mrz 2004), erfllt. Weiterhin erfllen die Gerte die Vorschriften der "Richtlinie fr Anschluss und Parallelbetrieb von Eigenerzeugungsanlagen im Niederspannungsnetz des Elektrizittsversorgungsunternehmen", herausgegeben vom VDEW in der 4. Ausgabe 2001 sowie den "Technischen Richtlinien fr den Parallelbetrieb von Photovoltaik-Eigenerzeugungsanlagen mit dem Niederspannungsnetz des Elektrizittsversorgungsunternehmen" des Verbandes der Elektrizittswerke sterreichs.
Bezeichnung/ Wechselrichtertyp Bestellnummer Nennscheinleistung Sn 10,0 kVA 12,5 kVA 15,0 kVA Max. Ausgangsscheinleistung Smax10min 10,6 kVA 13,3 kVA 15,9 kVA Smax10min / Sn
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Die max. Ausgangsscheinleistung eines Wechselrichters ist als max. 10-Minuten Mittelwert angegeben.
Datum: 2008-10-23 Genehmigt von
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Introduction The Danfoss TLX inverters TLX 10k, TLX 12.5k and TLX 15k have been tested in accordance with IEC 61000-3-2 and IEC61000-3-12. The tests were conducted on a Spitzenberger grid simulator. Harmonics content from 41-50 has been added to the table. Conclusion The inverters have passed the tests. Test conditions
Date 2008-07-03 Inverter parameter 15 kW
Test Equipment
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No. 1
Manufacturer Spitzenberger
Date 2010-05-19
Approved by
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Result Date: Device: Type: Voltage: Current: Power: Power factor: Test: Result:
Harmonic 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
2008-07-03 TLX TLX 12.5k & 15k, 230V, phase L1 (identical values for L2 and L3) 230.83 Vrms THDv: 0.02% 21.733 Arms THDi: 3.28% 5011.9 W (15.0 kW total) -0.999 Harmonic Analysis EN 61000-3-12 Passed
EN61000-3-12 Stage 1 0.8693 A 4.6943 A 0.4346 A 2.3254 A 0.2897 A 1.5647 A 0.2173 A 0.8258 A 0.1738 A 0.6737 A 0.1449 A 0.4346 A 0.1242 A -.---- A 0.1086 A -.---- A 0.0966 A -.---- A 0.0869 A -.---- A 0.0790 A -.---- A 0.0724 -.---- A 0.0669 A -.---- A 0.0621 A -.---- A 0.0580 A -.---- A 0.0543 A -.---- A 0.0511 A -.---- A 0.0483 A -.---- A 0.0458 A -.---- A 0.0435 A -.---- A -.---- A -.---- A -.---- A -.---- A -.---- A -.---- A -.---- A -.---- A -.---- A Worst 2.5 min avg 21.6816 0.0649 0.0123 0.0312 0.0191 0.0101 0.0201 0.0114 0.4575 0.0356 0.3856 0.0108 0.2523 0.0191 0.1214 0.0203 0.1367 0.0249 0.1458 0.0120 0.0567 0.0264 0.0908 0.0209 0.0407 0.0075 0.0281 0.0041 0.0195 0.0075 0.0281 0.0041 0.0195 0.0052 0.0201 0.0047 0.0176 0.0037 0.0100 0.0435 0.0200 0.0050 0.0330 0.0050 0.0170 0.0050 0.0150 0.0050 0.0090 0.0050 A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A PASS X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X FAIL
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The harmonics from 41-50 are not included in the THD calculation.
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Result Date: Device: Type: Voltage: Current: Power: Power factor: Test: Result:
Harmonic 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
2008-07-03 TLX TLX 10k, 230V, phase L1 (identical values for L2 and L3) 230.82 Vrms THDv: 0.02% 12.969 Arms THDi: 3.65% 2986.5 W (8.93 kW total) -0.998 Harmonic Analysis EN 61000-3-2 Passed
EN61000-3-2 Stage 1 1.0800 2.3000 0.4300 1.1400 0.3000 0.7700 0.2300 0.4000 0.1840 0.3300 0.1533 0.2100 0.1314 0.1500 0.1150 0.1324 0.1022 0.1184 0.0920 0.1071 0.0836 0.0978 0.0767 0.0900 0.0708 0.0833 0.0657 0.0776 0.0613 0.0726 0.0575 0.0682 0.0541 0.0643 0.0511 0.0608 0.0484 0.0577 0.0460 -.----.----.----.----.----.----.----.----.----.---A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A Worst 2.5 min avg 12.9329 0.0479 0.0111 0.0366 0.0138 0.0122 0.0155 0.0237 0.3216 0.0427 0.2584 0.0184 0.1264 0.0147 0.0754 0.0212 0.0933 0.0118 0.0546 0.0071 0.0344 0.0061 0.0405 0.0099 0.0345 0.0050 0.0192 0.0046 0.0286 0.0047 0.0266 0.0025 0.0159 0.0041 0.0271 0.0037 0.0246 0.0026 0.0170 0.0041 0.0180 0.0050 0.0310 0.0050 0.0140 0.0050 0.0130 0.0050 0.0080 0.0050 A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A PASS X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X FAIL
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The harmonics from 41-50 are not included in the THD calculation.
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RCMU Declaration for TripleLynx (TLX) Inverters TLX Functional Safety description: The Danfoss inverters within the TLX range are all designed according to the following standards: German VDE0126-1-1 (2005)* Italian DK5940-2.2 (2007) Spanish RD 1663 (2000) Royal Decree
*The German VDE0126-1-1 is based on IEC 60631-7-712 which is identical to German standard VDE 0100-712 and Italian standard CEI 64-8/7.
Single Fault Immunity: The grid surveillance circuit is designed with two independent monitoring units, each having control of a set of grid-separation relays to guarantee the single fault immunity. All functional safety circuits are tested during start-up to ensure safe operation for each one. Each monitoring unit controls its own relay function of the grid connection (L1, L2, L3, N). The two relays are connected in series to achieve galvanic protection of the grid in case of failure. Grid Surveillance: The grid is under continuous surveillance when the inverter feeds power into the grid. This includes grid voltage magnitude (instantaneous and 10-min. average), grid voltage frequency, DC content of grid current, Residual Current Monitoring Unit (RCMU) and three-phase Loss-of-Mains detection (LoM). The inverter ceases to energise the grid if one of the parameters violates the country specific limits selected during installation. The isolation resistance between the PV strings and Earth is tested prior to start-up. The inverter will not energise the grid if the resistance is too low. Residual Current Monitoring (RCM) in details: The TLX inverter series is of the transformer-less type and is therefore required to have an associated RCMU. For TLX inverters it is specifically chosen to integrate an RCMU in the inverter. The RCMU included in the inverter is tested for RCM functionality according to VDE0126-1-1 in which the same functionality as in IEC60755 is described. This includes disconnection at a 30 mA jump within 0.3 sec, a 60 mA jump within 0.15 sec, a 150 mA jump within 0.04 sec and a 300 mA jump within 0.3 sec.As the TLX inverter contains its own RCMU it can be considered as a construction which is not able to feed DC fault currents into the electrical installation. Thus according to IEC 60634-7-712 a Residual Current Devise (RCD) type B is not required; this means that an RCD type A with 300 mA limit is sufficient instead.
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Date 2009-06-04
Approved by
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12.10.
Country Settings
Date 2010-04-27
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Austria Austria (BDEW MV) Belgium Belgium (MV) Czech Rep. Czech Republic (MV) Denmark France France (MV) Germany Germany (MV) Greece Italy Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Portugal Spain Spain (MV) Sweden Switzerland Turkey
Under voltage (stage 2) Trip set- Clearance ting [V] time [m s] N.A N.A 69 150 N.A 115 N.A 104 N.A N.A 104 N.A 104 N.A N.A N.A N.A 115 115 N.A 46 196 N.A N.A N.A 40 N.A 300 N.A N.A 300 N.A 300 N.A N.A N.A N.A 100 100 N.A 500 200 N.A N.A
Under voltage (stage 1) Trip set- Clearance ting [V] time [m s] 196 200 161 2700 184 196 196 184 196 184 184 184 184 184 184 184 207 196 196 196 184 207 184 203 200 1500 200 1000 1500 200 1000 200 1000 500 200 200 1500 2000 2000 1000 1000 60000 200 50
10-minute mean voltage Trip set- Clearance ting [V] time [m s] 253 200 N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A 253 N.A N.A 253 N.A N.A N.A 253 N.A 253 253 253 N.A 243 253 233 N.A N.A N.A N.A 200 N.A N.A 200 N.A N.A N.A 200 N.A 200 200 200 N.A 200 200 200
Over voltage (stage 1) Trip set- Clearance ting [V] time [m s] 255 200 242 60000 264 253 254 253 253 264 264 264 264 264 276 264 264 253 253 253 253 243 264 233 200 100 200 100 1500 200 100 200 100 500 100 200 1500 200 200 1000 1000 60000 200 50
Over voltage (stage 2) Trip set- Clearance ting [V] time [m s] N.A N.A 264 40 N.A 300 N.A 300 N.A N.A 300 N.A 300 N.A N.A N.A N.A 300 300 N.A 300 264 N.A N.A N.A 1000 N.A 1000 N.A N.A 1000 N.A 1000 N.A N.A N.A N.A 50 50 N.A 1000 200 N.A N.A
Table 12.1: Country Settings for the TLX Product Range - Part 1
Under frequency Trip setting [Hz] Austria Austria (BDEW MV) Belgium Belgium (MV) Czech Rep. Czech Republic (MV) Denmark France France (MV) Germany Germany (MV) Greece Italy Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Portugal Spain Spain (MV) Sweden Switzerland Turkey 47.00 47.50 47.50 47.50 49.50 48.50 47.00 49.80 47.50 47.50 47.50 49.50 49.70 47.50 47.00 49.00 49.00 48.00 48.00 47.00 47.00 47.50 Clearance time [m s] 200 100 200 40 200 100 500 200 100 200 100 500 100 200 500 200 200 1000 1000 500 200 200 LoM - ROCOF LoM - 3 surveillance Trip setClearance Trip setClearance Trip setClearance ting [Hz] time [m s] ting [V] time [m s] ting [Hz/ time [m s] s] 51.00 200 339 200 N.A N.A 51.50 100 N.A N.A N.A N.A Over frequency 50.20 51.50 50.50 50.50 51.00 50.20 51.50 50.20 51.50 50.50 50.30 50.20 50.50 51.00 51.00 51.00 51.00 51.00 50.20 52.00 200 40 200 100 500 200 100 200 100 500 100 200 500 200 200 1000 1000 500 200 200 319 N.A 340 N.A 340 319 N.A 319 N.A 319 319 319 359 339 339 339 N.A 359 319 351 200 N.A 200 N.A 200 200 N.A 200 N.A 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 N.A 200 200 200 1.00 1.00 N.A N.A 2.50 N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A 1.67 N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A 100 100 N.A N.A 200 N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A 500 N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A N.A DC content of AC grid current Trip setClearance ting [mA] time [m s] 1000 1000 220 1000 1000 1000 220 1000 1000 1000 1000 220 110 1000 110 220 220 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 200 2000 200 2000 200 2000 900 200 2000 200 2000 900 1800 200 1800 900 900 200 2000 200 200 200
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Table 12.2: Country Settings for the TLX Product Range - Part 2
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Austria Austria (BDEW MV) Belgium Belgium (MV) Czech Rep. Czech Republic (MV) Denmark France France (MV) Germany Germany (MV) Greece Italy Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Portugal Spain Spain (MV) Sweden Switzerland Turkey
Residual current, absolute value Trip setting Clearance [mA] time [m s] 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300
Residual current, step value (stage 1) Trip setting Clearance [mA] time [m s] 30 200 30 200 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300
Residual current, step value (stage 2) Trip setting Clearance [mA] time [m s] 60 150 60 200 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150
Residual current, step value (stage 3) Trip setting Clearance [mA] time [m s] 150 40 150 40 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40
Isolation resistance Trip setting [k] 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200
Table 12.3: Country Settings for the TLX Product Range - Part 3
Connecting times Frequency stabilisation Connect [s] Re-connect [s] Short interruption Activation [Hz] Gradient Deactivation [Hz] Time gradient [s] [%/Hz] [%/min.] 20 20 0 N/A N/A N/A N/A 20 5 3 50.20 40 50.05 10 30 30 20 30 20 30 30 30 30 180 30 30 180 180 20 30 30 20 30 30 5 5 20 5 20 30 5 5 5 180 5 5 180 180 20 5 5 20 5 30 3 3 0 3 0 0 3 3 3 0 3 3 0 0 0 3 3 0 3 0 N/A 50.20 N/A 50.20 N/A N/A 50.20 N/A 50.20 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 50.20 N/A N/A N/A N/A 40 N/A 40 N/A N/A 40 N/A 40 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 40 N/A N/A N/A N/A 50.05 N/A 50.05 N/A N/A N/A 50.05 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 50.05 N/A N/A N/A N/A 10 N/A 10 N/A N/A N/A 10 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 10 N/A N/A N/A
Austria Austria (BDEW MV) Belgium Belgium (MV) Czech Rep. Czech Republic (MV) Denmark France France (MV) Germany Germany (MV) Greece Italy Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Portugal Spain Spain (MV) Sweden Switzerland Turkey
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Table 12.4: Country Settings for the TLX Product Range - Part 4
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Danfoss can accept no responsibility for possible errors in catalogues, brochures and other printed material. Danfoss reserves the right to alter its products without notice. This also applies to products already on order provided that such alterations can be made without subsequential changes being necessary in specifications already agreed. All trademarks in this material are property of the respective companies. Danfoss and the Danfoss logotype are trademarks of Danfoss A/S. All rights reserved. Rev. date 2010-06-25 Lit. No. L00410320-03_02