THE ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTY OF JASMINUM SAMBAC (SAMPAGUITA) ETHANOLIC EXTRACT AGAINST HOSPITAL CULTURE OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AND ESCHERICHIA

COLI

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A Research Report Presented to the Faculty of Undergraduate Program In Medical Technology Institute of Arts and Sciences Far Eastern University, Manila

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In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology

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By CALIGUIA, REYNALYN M. CUEVAS, MICAH IVY C. DELA CRUZ, ARAZZEL P. LAZA, JERALYN R. MERINO, VENISSE R. RAVANILLA, ISIDRO C. RODOLFO, JESSA CAMILLE T.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The completion of this study would not have been possible without the help, support and guidance of the following individuals whom the researchers are very thankful of. The researchers would like to extend their deepest gratitude to the following people: Anna Liezel Pagud MD., the researchers adviser, for her guidance, patience and support throughout the course of the study, most especially during experimentation. Jovet Junio RMT, Ma. Lourdes Policarpio RMT, Ivy Joy Timogtimog RMT, Ahniemay Sabile RMT and Veronica Batalla RMT for guiding, helping and providing the needs of the researchers during experimentation. The researchers also thank them for going beyond their time when the researchers need to finish the experiment after school hours. The staff of the Industrial Technology Institute of the Department of Science and Technology in Bicutan Taguig City for helping us in the extraction process of our experiment The staff of the Medical Laboratory of Justice Jose Abad Santos General Hospital in Manila for providing us the test organisms for our research Last but not the least, to Aaron Jan Palmares RMT, Sally Suba MD., Chris Tia PhD, Kerfelcel Retoriano RMT, Reman Alingasa RMT, and to our research professor Paolo Ramos RMT for giving us additional advice about our thesis.

Abstract

Antibiotic resistant bacteria are one of the major problems challenging the health care system in general. This has led to the recent interest in searching for other sources of antibiotics especially in a developing country like the Philippines where many people cannot afford to buy expensive antibiotics.

The antimicrobial effect of Sampaguita (Jasminum sambac) ethanolic flower extract was tested against two common bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using agar well diffusion method. Different concentrations (25%, 50% and 100%) of the flower extract were used to test against the pathogenic bacteria collected from the Jose Abad Santos General Hospital laboratory. Zones of inhibition produced on agar plates were measured and compared with the positive control set up (with Tetracycline and Chloramphenicol) to verify any significant difference. There was no zone of inhibition observed on any of the concentrations tested for both bacteria. Sampaguita flower extract proved to be ineffective in inhibiting the growth of the test organisms.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1: The Problem and its Background 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Background of the Study 1.3 Statement of the Problem 1.4 Hypothesis 1.5 Research Objective 1.6 Significance of the Study 1.7 Limitations of the Study Chapter 2: Theoretical Background 2.1 Review of Related Literature 2.2 Theoretical Framework 2.3 Conceptual Framework 2.4 Paradigm of the Study 2.5 Definition of Terms Chapter 3: Methodology 3.1 Research Design 3.2 Research Locale 3.3 Data collection and Research methodology 3.4 Research Flowchart 17 17 17 21 6 12 13 14 14 1 2 3 3 4 4 5

Chapter 4: Presentation and Interpretation of Data (Results and Discussion) Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendation Bibliography Annexes Curriculum 22 26 28 40