Session 1

Session Name: Introduction to Engineering Mechanics Author Name: Shivayogi. Patil Department: Civil Engineering Subject/Course: Engineering Mechanics

Session Objectives
At the end of this session, the learner will be able to: Clearly understand the meaning of Engineering Mechanics and appreciate its applications. Get an over view of different branches of Engineering Mechanics. Clearly understand the meaning of several technical terms in Engineering Mechanics. Learn the contributions of different scientists for Engineering Mechanics. Identify basic Idealizations made in Engineering Mechanics. Learn to specify a force completely.

Teaching Learning Material

Board OHP Foot ball

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Introduction to Engineering Mechanics Shivayogi. C . Patil Thontadarya College of Engineering

Session Plan
Time (in min) Content Learning Aid and Methodology Slide Show Innovative intro Faculty Approach Typical Student Activity Learning Outcomes (Blooms + Gardeners) Remembering Verbal Kinesthetic Intrapersonal Interpersonal

10

Introduction to Engineering mechanics, Its meaning and its applications.

Explains

Listens Participates

05

An overview of branches of Engineering Mechanics

Slide show using OHP

Explains

Listens

Comprehension Intrapersonal Visual

10

Definitions of Force, Mass , Weight, Inertia Gravity and there units . Categories in Engineering Mechanics based on the contribution by various scientists.

Role Play / Board

Introduces

Remembering Spatial intelligence Intrapersonal Interpersonal

05

OHP / Board

Explains

Listens

Comprehension Interpersonal Intrapersonal

15

Discussion on Basic Idealizations made in Engineering mechanics

OHP / Board

Explains

Listens

Application Comprehension Interpersonal Intrapersonal

10

Conclusion

Recall

Summarize

Lists

Intrapersonal Comprehension

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Session Inputs
Introduction to Engineering Mechanics
It would be a good idea to start the session with an activity that would help us introduce the topic to the learners.

Suggested Activity: Practical Demonstration Activity 1. Dribbling of a food ball to show how force applied on a body will set it into motion : Learners can be asked to dribble a foot ball on ground. The bouncing of ball will make it easier to explain the concept of force and the motion it produces when applied on a body, which can be explained as below. Force: Force is an agency which produces or tends to produce or stops or tends to stop the motion of a body on which its applied. Force is exerted when one body comes into contact with other body. The two bodies in contact exert force on each other. When such a force is big enough to over come the inertia of the one of the body, that body will be set into motion. Here the foot ball is one body and our hands and ground are other bodies. Activity 2: Kicking/pushing and stopping a foot ball. A learner can be made to kick or push a ball slowly and another learner can be suggested to stop the ball using his leg. This will explain the property of a force which can both produce or stop the motion of a body. Conclusion: Engineering mechanics is the study of such bodies which are set into motion by the application of external forces. Engineering Mechanics is that branch of science which deals with forces and the motion of bodies under the application of these forces. When a force is applied on a body, it is set into motion if it is sufficient to overcome the inertia of the body. If the body is

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Introduction to Engineering Mechanics Shivayogi. C . Patil Thontadarya College of Engineering

already in motion then the applied force may accelerate the motion if its direction is same as the motion of the body, or it may tend to destroy the motion of moving body if its direction is opposite to that of motion. Mechanics is the study of forces, application of forces on bodies and the resulting motion of the body

PUSH

A Force may be a PUSH or a PULL. In a bicycle force (Push) applied on pedals will be transferred to its wheels through a chain and is set into motion. In an automobile a force is exerted on its wheels by the conversion of one form of energy into another form of energy .

PUSH

PULL
Hence all the machines invented so far works on the principles of Mechanics. A force is exerted when two bodies meet or interact which results into the motion of either any one or both the bodies

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F= Mg

Mechanics is the study of forces and the motion of body due to application of these forces. A force may be a Push or a Pull.

Branches of Engineering Mechanics

Having introduced basic concept of Engineering Mechanics, now it would be time to discuss the branches of Engineering Mechanics. Mechanics

Mechanics Rigid Bodies

of

Mechanics Deformable

of

Compressibl e fluid

Incompre ssible fluid

Static

Dynamic s

Kinetics

Kinematics

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Definition of Force, Mass, Weight and Inertia

By now the learners would have developed a clear idea about branches of Engineering Mechanics. At this point, it would be appropriate to take up the definition of force, mass, weight and inertia with the help of a role play. Suggested Activity: Role Play To execute the role play, we ask four learners to play the roles of Force, rigid bodies one with light weight and one with heavy weight. The aim of the role play will be to demonstrate how force acting on a rigid body set it into a motion if it is able to overcome the inertia of the body. It also demonstrates how the force applied fails to set the body into motion if it can not overcome the inertia of the body. It also establishes relation ship between mass, weight and inertia of the body. Scene 1: A boy with light weight representing a rigid body with light weight stands on the centre of stage. Another boy representing the force pushes the boy forward which sets the boy representing rigid body into motion. Scene 2: Another boy of heavy weight representing a rigid body of heavy weight takes the center stage now. Again the boy representing the force pushes this boy but is un able to move the boy. This shows that the applied force by the boy is unable to over come the inertia of the body of another boy. This also establishes that inertia of the body depends on the weight of the body. Scene 3: Third boy who represent a body in motion takes the centre stage now and keeps on moving on stage in circles. The boy representing force applies a push on his back which will accelerate the speed of the boy in motion. This demonstrates that a force applied on a moving body in the same direction of its motion will accelerates the speed of motion of body. Scene 4: Here the boy representing the force apply a force on the boy in motion in the direction opposing the motion of he boy, This time the boy in motion stops. This demonstrates that if the force is applied to a body in a direction opposite to the motion of the body it stops / destroys or at least

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tends to destroy the force. Conclusion: A Force is an agency which creates or tends to create, destroys or tends to destroy the motion of a body on which its applied. It also demonstrates that the force applied must overcome the inertia of the body to set into motion and inertia of a body depends on its weight.

Categories in Engineering Mechanics Based on the Contribution of Various Scientists

We can now understand the Categories in Engineering Mechanics Based on the Contribution of Various Scientists. Scientists who contributed Mechanics are: Sir Isaac Newton Albert Einstein. Archimedes Galileo Shrodinger and Broglie. 1. Classical Mechanics / Newtonian Mechanics - Put forth by Newton and based on Newtons laws of motion and gravity. 2. Relativistic Mechanics - Based on theory of Relativity by Albert Einstein. 3. Quantum Mechanics - Based on Quantum theory put forth by Shrodinger and Broglie For all practical purpose we use Classical or Newtonian Mechanics to solve the problems of Engineering Mechanics. to the growth of Engineering

Basic Idealizations Made in Engineering Mechanics

Let us now discuss the basic idealizations Made in Engineering Mechanics.

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Introduction to Engineering Mechanics Shivayogi. C . Patil Thontadarya College of Engineering

To solve the problems of Engineering Mechanics easily following Ideals conditions has been assumed about bodies which are practically impossible to exist. Those idealizations are 1. Particle : Its a body with only mass but no size. Every body is made up of such millions of particles. There size is neglected compared to distance between them especially when calculating force of attraction between them. 2. Continuum: For solving the problems in Engineering Mechanics easily we assume a rigid body as a continuous distribution of mass called Continuum instead of a conglomerate of discrete particles. 3. Rigid body: A rigid body is one which does not deform under the action of applied forces. That means the distance between any two points in a rigid body remains constant even under the action of external forces 4. Point force: A force is assumed to act at a single point and its contact area is neglected.

Conglomerate Particles.

Continuum

Rigid body

particle Of

Conclusion
We can conclude the session by asking the learners to recall the topics which we have discussed in todays class.

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Summary
In this session, we learnt to: Clearly understand the meaning of Engineering Mechanics and appreciate its applications. Get an over view of different branches of Engineering Mechanics. Clearly understand the meaning of several technical terms in Engineering Mechanics. Learn the contributions of different scientists for Engineering Mechanics. Identify basic Idealizations made in Engineering Mechanics. Learn to specify a force completely.

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Introduction to Engineering Mechanics Shivayogi. C . Patil Thontadarya College of Engineering

Assignment
1. Define the terms a) Force , b) Mass , c) Weight , d) Inertia 2. Explain the importance of Engineering Mechanics and its various branches. 3. On what basis the Engineering Mechanics is classified / categorized. 4. Discuss the basic idealizations made in Engineering mechanics to make it easier to solve the problems. 5. Discuss how a force can be specified completely with an example.

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References
Elements of Engineering and Engineering Mechanics by S.S. Bhavikatti. Elements of Engineering and Engineering Mechanics by Dr. B. C. Punmia

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