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Disasters can play havoc with the lives of the people. Earthquakes, cyclones or floods can disrupt the entire livelihood pattern of people" Damage to houses and other infrastructure can worsen the situation in the aftermath of disasters, as the victims, who have, as it is lost their kith and kin, have no option but to live in transit accommodation if they lose their houses and property. Before going into the nature of disaster resistant construction to cope with different disasters, it is necessary to know the nature of damage that could be

caused due

disaster prone areas. This Unit gives an and examines the nature of damage in the country overview of the vulnerable regions
caused to houses and infrastructure due to earlhquakes, cyclones and floods.

to vulnerable infrastructure in

India, as we all know. is highly vulnerable to natural disasters. The following statistics give a picture of vulnerability of the Indian landscape to natural hazards:

Hazar d VulnerabilitY in India

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land liable to severe earthquake (Intensity Medvedev-sponheuer-Kamic (l\4KS) Scale IX or more) elil%alandliabletoMSKVIII(SimilartoLatur/Uttarkashi) o 25a/oland is liable to MSK VII (Similar to Jabalpur Earthquake)
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55%oland Vulnerable to Earthquakes

Earthquake Prone Areas in India

shaking of lh.t earth caused by the release As we all know an earthquake is a sudden rapid due to a violent movement of the earth's of energy stored in tfre ,o"tr" Earthquak. o"iurc crust. An earthquake generates- a set of surface from the release of energy in the earth's in character"

which are random horizontal and vertical vibrati6ns of the ground, ,Tectonic, or natural-eurthquut. originates dui to relative movement of plates or faulting inon-tectonic'/artificial earthquake originates due to volcanic in crustal blocks whereas
eruptions"

of earthquakes. Major ones are Atomic explosions or landslides are the two fypes earth^that is under the influence of unequal although tectonic in nuture. Any block of the stages by undergoing elastic forces would withstand thesl forces in the initial 'elastic strain' till a limit is reached deformation. fn. fo...t gef stored in the rock as of the rock b^lock" A 'fracture' is caused at when the operating fo..er ex"eed the elasticity these forces, the blocks created by the stage in the Ufocf. and under the influence or fracturingmoveagainsteachother'Thisiscalled'faulting''
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More than a dozen monuments across the capital which have hitherto been neglected will be refurbished.

After the structures are cleaned, the Delhi Government has also planned to develop the surrounding areas. The Government on Monday approved a proposal to involve the Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) in this regard. The decision was taken in a Cabinet meeting presided by Chief Minister Sheila Dikshit to execute an agreement between INTACH and Department of Archaeology for effective conservation of the monuments.

"We have decided to involve INTACH for conservation and refurbishment of

16

monuments as per the mandate under the Delhi Ancient and Historical Monuments and Archeological Sites and Remains Act," Dikshit confirmed after the meeting.

The Delhi Govemment had launched an ambitious project of survey, documentation, protection, conservation and refurbishment of ancient monuments of local importance in 2007-08 and had involved INTACH for the purpose'
Satisfied with performance of the conservation work carried out by INTACH, the Government has now decided to task it to refurbish and maintain 16 more monuments. Based on findings of the INTACH survey, the Govemment had removed unauthorized encroachments from a number of monuments. "During the second phase, 16 monuments were selected for chemical cleaning and preservation, scientific conservation, landscaping of their surroundings, developing cultural notice board and signage and illuminating the monuments. These works have been executed by INTACH," said an official'

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Back on Road to Glory : An exultant West Indies captain Darren Sammy said "winning the World Twenty-2O title has proved that the Caribbeans are gradually moving towards reclaiming their past glorY". ,,'We're not trying just to compete any more, we believe we can win against good opposition. Wi showed signs of that in the last year or so, but we were not winning'

10

Hopefully, this can be the start of something good for the West Indies team and the people," Sammy said after the Windies beat hosts Sri Lanka in the final last night.
Sammy said his team went about its job quietly and peaked at just the right time" "Once we play the way we can, we'll always be a force to reckon with. We didn't brag about it but we believed we could go out there and take it one game at time," Sammy said" said 'hurdle by hurdle," and today was the final one. The coach said we're climbing to the top of a mountain, and that's where the prize is. We've got to go and take it. Today, we did that."

"I

Meanwhile they have lost four finals in five years, starting from the 2A07and 20l lWorld Cups while also the 2009 edition of World T20 in 2009 and followed up with the 2012 edition but losing captain of the day, Mahela Jayawardene, feels all the four finals they have played have been different. "We played well right until the final. Every defeat has been different. How we approached a couple of the finals, we did not stafi well and we kdpt chasing the game and it was tough for us to get back into it."

INDIA LOSE RANKING

Dubai: India's disastrous World Twenty-20 campaign pushed it to third place in the ICC T20 rankings while new champions West Indies jumped five places to the second spot on Monday. India, ousted at the Super Eight stage, ate a point behind the Caribbeans at 120 in the rankings which continue to be led by the year's world T20 runners up Sri Lanka, the ICC said in a statement" In the rankings for players Suresh Raina and Virat Kohli held on their respective fifth and lOth positions.
West Indies' success in the event was reflected in the player rankings as well with man of the match in the final, Marlon Samuels and Sunil Narine, both recording rises of 20 places in the batting and bowling lists respectively.
Samuels. who hammered 78 and took one for 15 in the 36-runs victory over the hosts, leapt 20 places to 18th in the batting rankings and was up seven places to equal ninth in

the all rounder's' table. Sunil Narine's three for nine in the final capped an impressive toumament and his 2A place move took him to equal l3th in the bowling rankings.
Chris Gayle moved into second place in batting rankings behind New Zealand's Brendon McCullum. He leapfrogged player of the tournament Shane Watson of Australia, who dropped to third in the batting rankings but maintains his position as number-one allrounder and is still sixth in the bowling rankings. SL FANS HANG THEMSELVES

Colombo: Two Sri Lankan youth unable to put up with the national team's defeat in the ICC World Twenty2O final against West Indies have committed suicide, police said here on Monday"
17-year-old Ashan Lakshitha, who returned home after watching the match on a giant screen at city's Galle Face promenade, was found hanging on a mango tree early this

1l

morning. Similarly, Z|-year old Mahendran Suresh from the central district town of Hatton hanged himself in his bed room.
Sri Lanka lost to West Indies by 36 runs, leaving a trail of disappointed fans.

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The directors of the company put their heads together to formulate a new scheme. The controversy is likely to create bad blood. On the approach of a policeman the bully showed a clean pair of heels. What you propose is out of question. The long and short of it is that i do not want to deal with that new firm" This is the time to take stock of the whole situation" what is the good of entering into negotiations with a man of straw. The election campaign is just now in full swing. The director took him to task for his carelessness' The latest police report says that the situation is now well in hand.

q) 1. 2. 3. 4" 5. 6"

I don't know what to make of the new officer. These regulations were made to protect street children. Can you make yourself understood in Japanese? By what time can you make it? We just managed to make it by deadline" How did he make out that he has stolen the watch? 7. 'Let's play make-believe', said the director. 8. Her first novel has all the makinss of a classic. 9. His fate will be made or unmade today. 10. He made up some excuse about his absence.
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Trains are my childhood fascination. In Mullurkara, a somenolent F-ffET) and ravishingly verdant (AIT.rltT) hammlet on the banks of Bharathapuzha in central Kerala, where I spent all of my childhood, existed an old but modest railway station. Only a few passenger shuttle trains bothered to stop there for the benefit of a small group of regulars. Long distance express trains came from a stellar distance and

13

passed

by furiously, raising a storm of dust. The coal-fired locomotive continuously spitting mouthfuls of smoke.

As I grew up trains became a source of philosophical inspiration for me. I always felt tbat i long irain journey to an unknown destination broadly corresponds with one's life. Plenty of small unknown stations, a few clamorous junctions on the way and you come across so many people on platforms and make short acquaintance with them' But as the train leaves the platform, most of them fade into oblivion. A few others travel with you till their respective destinations just like in the course of life.
ceased to fascinate me" as locals. They looked known Thanks to the overcrowded suburban trains, popularly in stark contrast to my dream trains and stuffed thousands of like gigantic centipedes -breathless while shutting up and down with some kind of city;mmuters

When

first came to Mumbai in the mid-eighties trains

metropolitan fury.
Inside the locals, commuters were arrested by sweating arm and sentenced to smelling foul armpits. The regular pan-chewing commuters played cards, throwing themselves around merrily. enO tating occasional breaks to spray the windows with blood-red spit" The upwardly mobile among the crowd shouted on their celltels ruthlessly' Not far off the tracks, people sat in a row for the morning rituals'

During Holi, you could become the target of a vicious balloon filled with gutter water. Once in a while, those living by the tracks took sadistic pleasure in throwing stones at the commuters. So, my childhood dreams lost much of their romantic appeal in Mumbai.

q)
I am profoundly
well visible" Hence,
me.

aware of the presence of both my peers and superiors, in the past, as as in my own generation who have made me what I am, and kept me afloat and

admitted to the community of great Indian writers who have received Jnanpith before

I accept this honour with humility. for it is no small matter to be

which has a living literary tradition of at least 1000 years' No writer in my language, either in the past or present, has ever had any doubt about being a writer inihe mainstream of Indian writing. When I was initiated into reading u, u-"hild, the first poem that moved me to tears situated Kamataka in the centre of the globe itself. This is a song about a cow which by its truthfulness and honesty ou.rio*., the cruel heart of a tiger. The anonymous poem is truly a Gandhian poem of change of heart. For this unkown poet, the centre of the globe is Kamataka, and in such a country there is a cowherd, and the cowherd's name is Kalinga. Thus the poem moves from a long-short to a close-up on the cowherd, and the cows that he summons are named after thi great rivers of India. When I was taught this poem, we used to live in the midst of the deep forest of the Sahyadri mountain range of Karnataka. Thus I came to know the rivers of India through the cows of this poem. I have never seen my father shed tears except when he taught me this poem as he came to the crucial the passage here the mother cow takes leave of her calf, and present herself as food to tiger in fulfillment of her earlier promise'

I write in Kannada

t4

r)

worth doing well" Even the humblest task we should be ambitious to do it as well as we can, if possible better than anlthing else. For example, a cobbler should not think that becauie his job is a humble one, it can be scamped and done anyhow, he should be determined to make better shoes than any other cobbler.
The world victory is generally associated in our minds with war, and calls up visions of battles, bloodshed and conquest by force, and we think of war as a glorious thing
because

It is a great thing to take pride in our work. Any thing that is worth doing at all is

of its famous victories and splendid triumphs. But when we think of the achievements of great man - statesman, scholars, social reformers, scientists, philanthropists, explorers, discoverers and honest workers ---for the betterment of the Lrman race and progress and civilization of the world, we realise that the victories of peace are even more of glorious than the victories of war
"

A Greek sculptor, when he was asked why he carved the backs of his

statues, which

no man would ever see, as carefully as he carved the front, said "The gods will see them". So it is not enough for us to live outwardly good lives while in secret we allow evil in our hearts, for God knows even if men do not. We should never do in secret what we should be ashamed of doing in presence of our most valued friends"

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The challenge has always been to balance the increasing appetite for construction spaces with retaining green spaces. Trees are lungs of our cities and going by the levels of pollution spewed out, the larger these lungs are the better it is. The enhancement of urban green spaces has potential to mitigate the adverse effects of
urbanization in the sustainable manner? making cities more livable.

Urban greenery can provide invaiuable benefit to the community in the form of countering air pollution and enabling people to be part of nature and help in relaxation and stress relieving.

In addition, urban greenery fights the atmospheric greenhouse effect (mnf+<"f 'H ord-q crgoilffitgs dQrr orcr ffi o1 sTReTq qrfl d ol-{uT !-(Eut) that is created
when heat from sun enters the atmosphere and is prevented from radiating back into space by air-polluting gases. The buildup of about 40 heat-trapping gasses is created mostly by human activities. About half of the green house effect is caused by carbon dioxide

link by removing the carbon dioxide and storing it as cellulose in the trunk while releasing the oxygen back into the air" Trees also reduce the greenhouse effect by shading our homes and buildings and can reduce local ambient
Trees act as carbon temperatures by three to five degree celsius.

q)
One of the very first images coming to anyone's mind while thinking of Kerala is the

44 rivers crossing its 590-km-long slender tenitory and the estuaries and lakes they enrich; but persistent use of pesticides and insecticides in farms and effluents pushed out from industries have dangerously polluted these rivers and the fish resources in them, if reports are to be believed.
Just when a legal and social battle is being fought among environmentalists, victims, the Government and manufactures over Endosulfan. which has already caused the death of over 500 people in Kasaragod district, a study says that most of the rivers in Kerala have been polluted by the killer pesticide"

The other pollutants that have reportedly contaminated Kerala's rivers and their fish resources include DDT, its derivatives DDE and DDD and dieldrin, a highly effective insecticide developed as an alternative to DDT, hexachlorides and cyclohexane. Heavy presence of Alpha Endosulfan and Endosulfan Sulphate has also been found in the rivers and their fish resources.

16

All the fish belonging 23 of the total4l species in Kerala rivers, which were subjected to analysis in a study conducted by a research group based in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu for the Kerala State Biodiversity Board, were found to have been carrying
pesticides and chemicals in excess levels. The group had taken samples from 43 rivers - exempting the Chittur river - and all of them showed traces of the pesticides and insecticides. While presence of DDE was found in 84 percent of the fish, DDD, another DDT derivative, was found in 46 percent, pointing at the dangerous magnitude of the pollution of Kerala rivers.

The study also found excessive traces of Alpha Endosulfan in 58 percent of the fish subjected to the study while Endosulfan Sulphate was found in 8 percent. Highest HCH contamination was found in the fish samples taken from Chalakkudy River in Thrissur district while heaviest DDT contamination was found in the Chaliyar in Malappuram-Kozhikode districts.

"Entire Kerala is faeing a multi-faceted problem if the data of the study as seen in media reports are true," said an environmentalist fighting against industrial pollution of River Periyar at Edayar near Kochi. "The lives of people settled on the banks of all these rivers depend on them not only for fish but even for drinking water," he said.
"These findings have come close on the heels of reports that Kerala's inland fish resources are dwindling in unprecedented levels in the recent times. It is a known fact that almost all these chemicals and pesticides cause critical health problems," he said.
rr)
Gas project threatens Tamil Rice Bowl : Tamil Nadu, already on the boil because of the controversy over the Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant is being pushed into another crisis following.a corporate group's move to set up a natural gas extraction

plant in the fertile Cauvery Delta. Great Eastern Energy Corporation, a Haryana-based company with expertise in coal bed methane extraction, has been awarded 667 sq km (1,66,750 acres) of lush green paddy fields of Mannargudi in the Cauvery Delta for extracting the natural gas.

"Though they have claimed that they would be using an area af 667 sq km for extracting coal bed methane (CBM), the company will acquire 750 sq km area and this will obliterate Mannargudi," S.Ranganathan, a farmer from Mannargudi, told The
Pioneer.

Ranganathan's apprehensions are valid in the backdrop of the Delta Region's significance in rice production. The region is part of the fertile Cauvery Delta of Tamil Nadu, popularly known as the Rice Bowl of South India. The GECL announced recently that the company would drill 50 core wells and 30 pilot production wells from December.

"This would destroy the ground water table of Mannargudi, which is already under threat. The drilling of core wells and production wells would lead to the destruction of the region's food security and food chain," said Ranganathan, a geologist as well as the general secretary of the Cauvery Delta Farmers Welfare Association.

l7

Thiruvarur, Thanjavur, Nagapattinam, Cuddalore and Tiruchi districts constitute the Cauvry Delta in Tamil Nadu. "Any industrial activity will destroy the fertile lands in the region and we will oppose the CBM project tooth and nail," said Ranganathan. He also said that the public hearing held in the month of August tumed out to be a farce with the company authorities walking out when they were asked some inconvenient questions. "I am surprised how the union ministry of environment gave clearance to such a project which would be an ecological disaster if implemented,"
said Ranganathan" Prashant Modi, Chief operating officer, GEECL, said here that the company had been granted environmental elearance by the union government" "We are waiting for some minor procedural clearances from the State government," said Modi. But Selvaraj, Revenue Division Officer, Mannargudi, told this newspaper that he has not even heard about the GEECL project. "No land has been acquired for such a project. I am not aware of any such project,"" Selvaraj said over telephone from Mannargudi.

Kattumannarkoil Kannan, a farmer leader from Cuddalore sounded more upset as he fears that the project would destroy 1 million acres of paddy fields in the region.

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national integrity, delegation of powers, capital punishment, pending inquiry, post facto sanction, prohibitory orders, arbitration tribunal, sub-judice, semi-skilled, closing balance

q)
Discrepancy may be reconciled Circumstances exist which render it necessary that Except as otherwise provided for by this constitution In the absence of information Eventually this is bound to happen Explanation may be called for Return of the file may be awaited Examine the proposal in the light of observation at 'A' Concurrence of Ministry of Finance is required Relevant papers may be put up

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i. The lawyer submitted that the accused can be detained under law ii. The report will be submitted to the authority on scheduled date iii. The chief minister presented the annual award. v.
They expressed their reservations for awarding the extreme penalty. The abuse and the ill treatment of domestic help is growing in the city.

vi.

Home-town once declared is treated final. vii. They made the occasion special by giving them full treatment. viii. There is an effective treatment for eczema. ix. The facility of retention of Govt. accommodation will continue to be available. x. Details ofjoumey performed by higher-class accommodation.

20

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It is not therefore mere luxury, but a necessity. As an eminent English writer puts it. "Men live in accordance with their philosophy of life, their conception of the world. This is true even of the most thoughtless. It is impossible to live without a
metaphysic. The choice that is given us is not between some kind of metaphysic and no metaphysic; it is always between a good metaphysic and a bad metaphysic." (Aldons Huxley : Ends and Means)

Its meaning and scope : Philosophy in its widest etymological

sense means

'love of

knowledge'. It tries to know things that immediately and remotely concern man' What is the real nature of man? What is the end of this life? What is the nature of this world in which he lives? Is there any creator of this world? How should man live in the light of his knowledge of himself, the world and God? These are some of the many problems, taken at random, which we find agitating the human mind in every land, from the very dawn of civilization. Philosophy deals problems of this nature" As philosophy aims at knowledge of truth, it is termed in Indian literature, 'the vision of truth' (darshana ). Every Indian school of thought holds in its own way, that there can be a direct realization of truth (tatna-darsana). A man of realization becomes free, one who lacks it is entangled in the world.

The development of Western philosophy: In the history of Western philosophy we find that as human knowledge about each of the different problems mentioned above began to grow, it became impossible for the same men to study everlthing about any problem. Division of labour or specialization became necessary and a group of men devoted themselves to a particular problem or a few connected problems. These came into existence in this way the different special sciences" Physics, Chemistry, Botany, Astronomy, Geology and. similar sciences took up each a part or aspect of the world of nature. Physiology, Anatomy and the other medical sciences devoted themselves to the different problems of the human body. Psychology began to study the problems of the human mind. The detailed study of many of the particular problems with which philosophical speculation originally started became thus the subject matter of the special sciences. Philosophy then became to depend on the reports of the investigation made by the different sciences, tried to understand their meanings and implications critically, and utilized these results for understanding the general nature of the
universe

- man, nature and god"

Annexure III DECLARATION

lq)

I/We

-------

--- hereby solemnly affirm and declare:

That the capital investment, that is valued of machinery and equipment of mylour industrial unit in question is below Rs. 60 lakhs (Rs" 75 lakhs in the case of ancillary units) and the same will not exceed the aforesaid valuation limit even after the supply of machine/s covered by this application.

That IlWe will not affect any change in constitution of my firm/company without obtaining prior approval of this corpn.

2l

That i/We will not withdraw, transfer or reduce my share holding in the company during the continuance of the Hire Purchase period/Lease Period without prior written approval of NSIC.

I have no objection, in of default in payment of Hire Purchase

rentals" Director of Industries with holding assistance of all nature'

installments/lease

That VWe shall allow NSICs duly authorized representatives/servants or agents to inspect the machines at all reasonable times. VWe certify that the contents of this declaration and the information given in the application are correct to my/our knowledge.
Signature Date:

For & on behalfof

10

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22

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o,)

NOTICE INVITING TENDER

TENDER FOR MANAGED LEASED LINE DATA NETWORK (MLDN) EQUIPMENT TURNKEY PROJECT IN MTNL, MUMBAI & DELHI TINITS.
Tender No. MTNL
120

-80 (3 0 4)/20

00-MM

Dated 19.6.2000

l.
2"

Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL) proposes to expand its MLDN

network in its Delhi & MumbaiNetworks" Sealed global tenders under two-Bid-System (Techno-commercial Bid & Financial Bid) are invited from Vendors fulfilling the qualifiiing requirements as per details below for MLDN Equipment supply, installation, testing, commissioning and making over the equipment should meet the Generic Specification of Telecom Engineering Centre GR"No/G/PDN-11102, Iuly,
1999"
-') .

Eligibility Requirements for Vendors:

The bidder should be Manufacturer & Supplier of MLDN [Managed Leased Line Data Network] equipment Hardware & Software compatible to TECGR No. G/ PDN - 1ll 02, July, 1999 The bidder should have the experience for MLDN equipment as follows: . Minimum two years experience as Manufacturer & Supplier. ' Should be working in two nefworks, at least for one network
since last one year.

a)

ll.

b)

Should be supporting minimum 2000 leased lines in one of the networks. Indian reputed Telecom or Computer Software & hardware companies with adequate financial strength & having valid TOT/JV with TOT with reputed manufacturer & supplier of desired equipment meeting the eligibility criteria as per 3[a] above shall also be eligible to bid in this tender.

'

IMPORTANT DATES FOR THE TENDER Date of Issue of Tender 1 2. Sale of Tender Document Period for request of clarifications 3. 4. Last date & time for submission of bids Date & time for opening the bids 5.
(Techno-Commercial)

19.06.2000

26.06.2000 to

07 .07

.2004

Upto 17.00 hrs of 10.07.2000 Upto 16.00 hrs of 3 1 .07 .2000 At 11.30 hrs of 01.08.2000

23

Name

&

Address

of the officer from whom the Bid Documents can be

purchased, Completed bids are to be submitted to the same officer.

Shri Balveer Singh, Sub Divisional Engineer (MM-IV)

Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited, Corporate Office, Room No" 1314, Jeevan Bharti Bldg., Connaught Circus, New Delhi-i 1000i
Cost of bid documents

Rs.

40001- payable

Demand Draft in
refundable

at New Delhi, by crossed favour of MTNL Q'{on-

MTNL reserves the right to reject all or any bid without indicating any reason to the bidder for the same" MTNL has the sole right to select the bidder for
awarding the contract in the Tender"

NB: - All timings given above are Indian Standard time. - MTNL reserves the right to change the above dates at its discretion. sdi(MM-ID DGM

s)
Railway Recruitment Board Station Road, P anbazar, Guwahati-78 Telephone No. 2540815
No. RRP/G//DV/RA-1
The Director
100 1

Il20llnJ.6

Dated:25'1.2012

School of Humanities IGNOU, Maidan Garhi,

New Delhi 110068

Sir,

Sub: Application for the post of Rajbhasha Assistant/Gr.Il

Smt.iShri

had applied for recruitment in Railways S/o, Dlo ---category No" 6 of Employment Notice No. for the post of Rajbhasha Assistant/Gr.Il against

1/2008 and 1/2008 (revised)

of

Railway Recruitment Board, Guwahati. In terms of

Employrnent Notice, the Minimum Qualification for the post is as under:PG (Hindi) with English as a main subject at Degree level or PG (English) with Hindi as a main subject at Degree level or PG (Any subject) with Hindi and English as main subject at Degree Level or Bachelor degree with Hindi and English as main subjects.

at the time of Document Verification had submitted a certificate No. 0001671 dated 1710812001that he had graduated with Major in Hindi. As per requirement for recruitment for the post of Rajbhasha Assistant/Gr. II, the candidate must have also English
as one of the

Shri---------

main subject.

24

The candidate has submitted an additional letter No. IG/GRC/RD/I1-121286/1628 16.12.2001(copy enclosed) that she has also subjects in AFWI and AWRI.

dated

Kindly arrange to clariff whether Shri ------------ has passed English and Hindi as main
subject in Graduation level.

An early reply is requested.

Yours faithfully,

(M.K.Sarkar)
Secretary

For ChairmarlRRB/Guwahati

rr) General R.ules o There shall be an award every year for the first book or the best book by a young Indian author, whose age is 35 or below on 1't January of the year of the award, first published in any of the languages recognized by Akademi.

c o

The award shall consist of such amount as the Akademi may from time to time decide besides a citation that brings out, briefly, the book's significance and its author's contribution to his/her language and literature.
Where two or more books are found to be of equal merit, the total literary contribution and standing of their authors shall be taken into consideration in deciding the award. The decision of members of the Jury is final in this regard.

Criteria of eligibility for the award l. In order to be eligible for the award, the book must be highly promising/an outstanding contribution to the language and literature to which it belongs. The book
may be a creative or a critical work, but must not be

(a) A work of translation; or (b) an abridgement, or a complitation, or an annotation: or (c) a treatise or research work prepared for a university degree or any examination; or (d) the work of an author who has earlier won an award from the Akademi (other than the Bal Sahitya Puraskar/Translation Prize); or (e) the work of an author who is a member of the Executive Board of the Akademi; or (f) beyond the age of 35 years on l't January of the year of the award.

2. An incomplete work may be considered for the award only if the part that comprises
the book is complete in itself.

25

3. A posthumous publication
4" A book shall Publication

is not eligible for Award.

be disqualified for the award if it is established to the satisfaction of the Executive Board that canvassing has been done by the author.

of the advertisement, eligibilify of the books and obtaining

recommendations from members of the Language Advisory Board:

1. The Akademi shall every year publish advertisements in newspapers as well as in literary magazines in each of the 24 Indian languages inviting the first book or the

2.
3"

best book by young Indian authors whose age is 35 or below on 1't January ofthe year of the award. Writers and publishers can submit eligible books for the consideration of Akademi. The publishers can send as many books as they desire.

4. 5.

The books so submitted will not be returned to the authors, writers or publishers and no correspondence will be entertained regarding the award process. The book selected for this year Yuva Puraskar will not qualify for main award but the writer may be considered for any other book for the main award in other years except

the Award-winning year. 6. The list of books received and found eligible in all the 24 Indian languages shall be sent to all the members of the concerned Language Advisory Board (including the Convener) with the request to recommend two titles each"
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