An Example

Dr. P.Kapoor
180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 49 18
10.8

166

117 95 80 65 47 36 11 30 7
14.9

OPD(New)
105

OPD(Old) Total OPD

45 52
30.8

Admissions adm/total(%)

10

10.5

25

16 15.2

16

II Apr-07

III Apr-07

IV Apr-07

I May-07

II May-07

week

Presentation of Data

Making Parameters of Measurement : To concentrate Information in the form of a finite no. of parameters is an important role of Statistics. Some important Statistical Parameters The Averages The Range The Standard Deviation The Correlation Coefficient etc.

Sampling In most of the cases of study, the population under investigation is large and it is impractical to study the whole population. Statistics provide a good tool of finding reliable information about the population on the basis of a small subset of population i.e. sampling technique.

Statistical Inference Statistical Inference is the process of drawing various conclusions concerning a population This process uses mathematical techniques to find out almost exact information about population without study the whole population

Statistical Inference process is applicable in Testing whether the two medicines have the same level of relief or not. Finding out a range as an estimate of a biological factor such as heart beats. Testing whether a health program is effective or not to prevent & control of a disease. Finding out what is the main cause of a community disease. ..........and many more

Analysis of Variance & Covariance Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) allows comparisons among many sample means

By this it is possible to perform certain tests of hypothesis and to provide estimates for components of variation

Examples
* To test whether the age of mother and order of gravida significantly affect the birth weight * To test which combination of drugs is more effective * To find out which season has max morbidity of a particular disease.

Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA)

Based on inclusion of supplementary variables (covariates) into the model. Which lets account for inter-group variation associated not with the "treatment" itself, but with covariate(s) of treatments.

Design of Experiment
Designing an experiment means deciding how the observations or measurements should be taken to answer a particular question in a valid, efficient and economical ways

It is essential for Analysis of varianc and covariance

Regression Analysis & Correlation Regression Analysis deals with the situation in which there is one measured dependent variable and others are independent variables The Correlations describe the strength of the
relationship between the variables