Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy (March 22 1869-februry 6 1964) A filipino general, politician, and independence leader Beecame the Philippines

ines first President The youngest (at age 28) tohave become the countrys president The longest-lived former president (at the age of 94)

EARLY LIFE AND CAREER Born on March 23, 1869 In Cavite Viejo( present day Kawit)

Carlos Aguinaldo and Trinidad y Famy A chinese mestizo couple who had 8 children, the 7 of whom was Emilio
th

Emilio became the Cabeza de Barangay of Binakayan, a chief barrio of Cavite del Viejo, when he was only 17 years old. 1895- a law that called for the reorganization of government was enacted. At the age of 26 Aguinaldo became Cavite Viejo's first capitan municipal. First marriage

January 1,1896 he married Hilaria del Rosario (18771921). They had five children: Carmen Aguinaldo Melencio Emilio Aguinaldo, Jr, Maria Aguinaldo Poblete Cristina Aguinaldo and Suntay Miguel Aguinaldo

March 6, 1921 Hilaria died because of leprosy at the age of 45 After his wife's death Aguinaldo married Maria Agoncillo on 14 July 1930 at Barasoain Church.

Revolutionary and political career Philippine revolution 1894 Aguinaldo joined the Katipunan or the K.K.K., a secret organization led by Andrs Bonifacio Aguinaldo used the nom de guerre Magdalo, in honor of Mary Magdalene. The Katipunan revolt against the Spanish began in the last week of August 1896 in San Juan del Monte (now part of Metro Manila).

Feb. 17, 1897 Aguinaldo and a group of katipuneros defeated Spanish forces led by General Camilo de Polavieja at the Battle of Zapote Bridge in Cavite

General Edilberto Evangelista, civil engineer, revolutionary and trench builder, who was killed in the battle

Presidency at Tejeros Conflict between the Magdalo and Magdiwang Katipunan factions led to Bonifacio's intervention in the province of Cavite. March 22,1897 Bonifacio acquiesced and presided over a convention in Tejeros

Execution of Bonifacio

Biak-na-Bato Presidency

May 10 1897 Spanish army launched an attck w/c formed insurgent forces under aguinaldo into a general retreat

June 24, 1897 Aguinaldo arrived at Biak-na-Bato in San Miguel, Bulacan He established a permanent headquarters there, located in Biak-na-Bato National Park in what is now known asAguinaldo Cave.

Oct. 1897 Aguinaldo convened an assembly of generals at Biak-na Bato, where it was decided to establish a constitutional republic.

Isabelo Artacho and Felix Ferrer They drawn up a constitution patterned closely after the Cuban constitution

Pact of biak-na-bato nd exile in Hong Kong

Fernando Primo de Rivera, Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines had been encouraging prominent Filipinos to contact Aguinaldo for a peaceful settlement of the conflict

Pedro Paterno Manila Lawyer who met up with Aguinaldo at Biak-na-bato with a proposal

Dec.14 and 15,1897 Aguinaldo signed the pact of biak-na-bato On 23 December, Aguinaldo and other insurgent officials departed for Hong Kong to enter voluntary exile. $400,000, representing the first installment of the indemnity, was deposited into Hong Kong banks. Return to the Philippines and resumption of hostilities against Spain

April 1898 the SpanishAmerican War broke out In the Battle of Manila Bay on 1 May 1898, the American Asiatic Squadron under Commodore George Dewey engaged and destroyed the Spanish Pacific Squadron, and blockaded Manila Commodore George Dewey

provided transport to return Aguinaldo to the Philippines. Aguinaldo promptly resumed command of revolutionary forces and besieged Manila.

Dictatorial government and declaration of independence from Spain

May 24 1898 Aguinaldo issued a proclamation in which he assumed command of all Philippine forces and established a dictatorial government with himself as dictator in Cavite.

June 18 after declaring independence from Spain on 12 June, Aguinaldo issued a decree formally establishing his dictatorial government.

Revolutionary President

June 23 Aguinaldo issued a decree replacing his dictatorial government with a revolutionary government, with himself as President.

Presidency at Malolos

January 21 1899 The insurgent First Philippine Republic was formally established with the proclamation of the Malolos Constitution in Malolos

March 1901 Emilio Aguinaldo was captured by the American forces in Palanan Isabela

1899 Aguinaldo had two cabinets

War with America

August 14 1898 American forces had established a military government in the Philippines

Major General Wesley Merritt acting as the first American Military Governor.

February 4 1899 a Filipino was shot by an American sentry. This incident is considered the beginning of the PhilippineAmerican War, and precipitated the 1899 Battle of Manila between American and Filipino forces

March 23 1901 April 19 1901 July 30, 1901 April 16, 1902 General Malvar surrendered to U.S forces in Lipa, Batangas General Miguel Malvar issued a manifesto saying, "Forward, without ever turning back... All wars of independence have been obliged to suffer terrible tests!" Aguinaldo took an oath of allegiance to the United States, formally ending the First Republic and recognizing the sovereignty of the United States over the Philippines. Aguinaldo was captured at his headquarters in Palanan, Isabela.

 U.S. territorial period

During the American occupation, Aguinaldo supported groups that advocated immediate independence, and helped veterans of the struggle. He organized the Asociacin de los Veteranos de la Revolucin (Association of Veterans of the Revolution), which worked to secure pensions for its members and made arrangements for them to buy land on installment from the government. 1935 the Commonwealth of the Philippines was established in preparation for Philippine independence, he ran for president in the Philippine presidential election, 1935, but lost by a landslide to Manuel L. Quezon The two men formally reconciled in 1941, when President Quezon moved Flag Day to 12 June, to commemorate the proclamation of Philippine independence. The display of the Philippine flag was declared illegal by the Sedition Act of 1907 This law was repealed on 30 October 1919.

Aguinaldo was arrested along with several others accused of collaboration with the Japanese, and jailed for some months in Bilibid prison. Aguinaldo was 77 when the United States Government fully recognized Philippine independence in the Treaty of Manila, in accordance with the TydingsMcDuffie Act of 1934.

1950 1953

Post-American era

President Elpidio Quirino appointed Aguinaldo as a member of the Council of State, where he served a full term.

Aguinaldo was made an honorary Doctor of Laws, Honoris Causa, by the University of the Philippines Death

Aguinaldo died of coronary thrombosis at age 94 on 6 February 1964 at the Veterans Memorial Medical Center in Quezon City. A year before his death, he had donated his lot and his mansion to the [5] government. This property now serves as a shrine to "perpetuate the spirit of the Revolution of 1896." In 1985, Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas made a new 5-peso bill depicting a portrait of Aguinaldo on the front. The back features the declaration of the Philippine independence on 12 June 1898. Printing was discontinued in 1995, when it was replaced with a 5 coin whose obverse features a portrait of Aguinaldo.