PART 1

There are a lot of things around us related to circles or parts of a circle.

(a) Collect pictures of 5 such objects. You may use camera to take pictures around your school compound or get pictures from magazines,
newspapers, the internet or any other resources.

(b) Pi or π is a mathematical constant related to circles. Define π and write a brief history of π.

PART 2

(a) Diagram 1 shows a semicircle PQR of diameter 10 cm. Semicircles PAB and BCR of diameter d1 and d2 respectively are inscribed in
the semicircle PQR such that the sum of d1 and d2 is equal to 10 cm.

circles-01.png (7.06 KB) Viewed 57413 times

Complete Table 1 by using various values of d1 and the corresponding values of d2. Hence, determine the relation between the lengths of
arcs PQR, PAB and BCR.

circles-02.png (23.13 KB) Viewed 56410 times

(b) Diagram 2 shows a semicircle PQR of diameter 10 cm. Semicircles PAB, BCD and DER of diameter d1, d2 and d3 respectively are
inscribed in the semicircle PQR such that the sum of d1, d2 and d3 is equal to 10 cm.
 circles-03.png (6.86 KB) Viewed 56962 times

(i) Using various values of d1 and d2 and the corresponding values of d3, determine the relation between the lengths of arcs PQR, PAB,
BCD and DER. Tabulate your findings.

(ii) Based on your findings in (a) and (b), make generalisations about the length of the arc of the outer semicircle and the lengths of arcs
of the inner semicircles for n inner semicircles where n = 2, 3, 4....

(c) For different values of diameters of the outer semicircle, show that the generalisations stated in b (ii) is still true.

PART 3

The Mathematics Society is given a task to design a garden to beautify the school by using the design as shown in Diagram 3. The shaded
region will be planted with flowers and the two inner semicircles are fish ponds.

circles-04.png (11.65 KB) Viewed 57050 times

(a) The area of the flower plot is y m2 and the diameter of one of the fish ponds is x m. Express y in terms of it and x.

(b) Find the diameters of the two fish ponds if the area of the flower plot is 16.5 m2. (Use π=22/7 )

(c) Reduce the non-linear equation obtained in (a) to simple linear form and hence, plot a straight line graph. Using the straight line graph,
determine the area of the flower plot if the diameter of one of the fish ponds is 4.5 m.

(d) The cost of constructing the fish ponds is higher than that of the flower plot. Use two methods to determine the area of the flower plot
such that the cost of constructing the garden is minimum.

(e) The principal suggested an additional of 12 semicircular flower beds to the design submitted by the Mathematics Society as shown in
Diagram 4. The sum of the diameters of the semicircular flower beds is 10 m.
 circles-05.png (10.37 KB) Viewed 56822 times

The diameter of the smallest flower bed is 30 cm and the diameter of the flower beds are increased by a constant value successively.
Determine the diameter of the remaining flower beds.

skkwee
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Re: Form5 add maths project 2009

by skkwee on Wed Apr 29, 2009 12:12 am

Well, this year's form 5 add math project is really easy. Much easier than previous years. Therefore, you are encouraged to do it by
yourself, and then compare your answer with the proposed solution here, or discuss your problem with our friends here.

The proposed solution is NOT mean for you to copy. It just serve as a reference, beside being a platform for all students to discuss their
work.

PART 1

(a) Collect pictures of 5 such objects. You may use camera to take pictures around your school compound or get pictures from magazines,
newspapers, the internet or any other resources.

Well, I leave this to your own self. There thousands of object which is round in shape.

(b) Pi or π is a mathematical constant related to circles. Define π and write a brief history of π.

There are many websites providing information of pi. So, just google it. Below are some websites I found through google. I think it's
more than enough for you to write a thesis.

Definition: Ratio of circle's circumference to its diameter

Video
http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid ... 4291031420

Encyclopedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi
http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/P/pi.html
http://www.bartleby.com/65/pi/pi.html
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/458986/pi
http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761552884/Pi.html
Webpage
http://scienceblogs.com/goodmath/2006/08/post_2.php
http://mathforum.org/dr.math/faq/faq.pi.html
http://www.gap-system.org/~history/Hist ... _ages.html

PART 2
(a) Diagram 1 shows a semicircle PQR of diameter 10 cm. Semicircles PAB and BCR of diameter d1 and d2 respectively are inscribed in
the semicircle PQR such that the sum of d1 and d2 is equal to 10 cm.

Complete Table 1 by using various values of d1 and the corresponding values of d2. Hence, determine the relation between the lengths of
arcs PQR, PAB and BCR.

The length of arc (s) of a circle can be found by using the formula

where r is the radius.

The result is as below:

table-1.png (31.58 KB) Viewed 59465 times

From the table, we can conclude that

Length of arc PQR = Length of arc PAB + Length of arc BCR

(b) Diagram 2 shows a semicircle PQR of diameter 10 cm. Semicircles PAB, BCD and DER of diameter d1, d2 and d3 respectively are
inscribed in the semicircle PQR such that the sum of d1, d2 and d3 is equal to 10 cm.

(i) Using various values of d1 and d2 and the corresponding values of d3, determine the relation between the lengths of arcs PQR, PAB,
BCD and DER. Tabulate your findings.

Again, we use the same formula to find the length of arc of PQR, PAB, BCD and DER.

This time, the table is a big one. You can click on the table to change to the full size view.
 table-2.png (52.46 KB) Viewed 59492 times

Again, we can conclude that:

Length of arc PQR = Length of arc PAB + Length of arc BCD + Length of arc CDR
(ii) Based on your findings in (a) and (b), make generalisations about the length of the arc of the outer semicircle and the lengths of arcs
of the inner semicircles for n inner semicircles where n = 2, 3, 4....

Base on the findings in the table in(a) and (b) above, we conclude that:

The length of the arc of the outer semicircle is equal to the sum of the length
of arcs of any number of the inner semicircles.
(c) For different values of diameters of the outer semicircle, show that the generalisations stated in b (ii) is still true.

circle6.png (10.23 KB) Viewed 59160 times

Diagram above shows a big semicircle with n number of small inner circle. From the diagram, we can see that

The length of arc of the outer semicircle

The sum of the length of arcs of the inner semicircles

Factorise π/2
Substitute

We get,

where d is any positive real number.

We can see that