Norwegian Society of Lifting Technology

How can we assist in your subsea development

Presented by: Danny Mus Date: 5 December 2012

Introduction, How can we assist in your subsea development

Introduction Presentation contents How can we assist in your subsea development: - Selection of subsea project from the past - Typical project phases - Engineering phase - Transport from yard to offshore site - Field preparations: Survey and Positioning - Lower structures through splashzone and set down on seabed - Offshore Decision making

Subsea Lifting Experience (selection)

2005 | Norsk Hydro Ormen Lange

(Heaviest Subsea Template @ 850 msw)

2008 | DSME Tombua Landana 2009 | Hydro O&G Troll & Vega

2010 | BP Block 31
(Worlds Deepest Foundation Piles @ 2,030 msw)

2012 | Total Laggan & Tormore

Ormen Lange
Norway

Record Lift Heaviest Subsea Template @ 850 waterdepth

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Tombua Landana
Angola
Client
DSME

Scope
Tower Base Section Tower Base Template Leveling Pile Template

Max. Weight
29,500 mT

Water Depth
370 m

Period
Q1 2008

Location
Block 14, Cabinda, Angola

Tombua Landana
Angola
waterline TOPSIDES ( Total weight: 30,000T)

GROUTED CONNECTION

TOWER TOP SECTION, TTS, 7000mT)

TOWER BOTTOM SECTION, TBS, 29,500mT)

TOWER BASE TEMPLATE (TBT, 3010mT) LEVELLING PILES TEMPLATE (LPT, 520mT) 4 No. LEVELLING PILES (315mT each) 12 No. FOUNDATION PILES (850mT each)

GROUTED CONNECTION

-370 m.

Troll & Vega

Norway

Laggan Tormore
United Kingdom

Block 31
Angola

BP Block 31 PSVM
Extend of Subsea Scope: Free Standing Riser installation

9 x Single Line Hybrid Riser (SLHR)

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Riser Base Foundation

Ballast Module & Driven Pile

~330mT @ 2,030m

12m

12m

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Lower Riser Assembly

Weight = 23-36mT Length = 41m

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Upper Riser Assembly

Weight = 60-75mT Length = 40m

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Buoyancy Tank
Weight = 180-240 mT Weight = 180-240mT Length = 35-47 m Length = 35-47m

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Buoyancy Tank Stabbing into Upper Riser Assy

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Install riser string into Riser base Foundation

Riser string weight 500-600 mT Riser length ~1900 m

Steel wire rigging Polyprop stretcher in rigging

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Rotolatch functionality (1)

Installation vessel heave is +/- 1m Load transfer from steel rigging to polyprop stretcher

A Rotolatch is a locking / unlocking device

Riser pre-tension by stretcher. Stretcher is the absorber to compensate heave of vessel.

Ready to insert rotolatch (lowering)

rotate rotolatch (lowering)

lock rotolatch (lifting)

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Rotolatch functionality (2)

Tool engaged

Tool released

Cam 2

Cam 1

2nd horizontal left rotation

3 pairs of cams

1st horizontal left rotation

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Freestanding Riser Systems: Stabbing Riser

Lower complete riser string to locking position in base foundation Riser string weight is transferred from steel wire arrangement to polyprop stretcher arrangement (damping motions) Heave of vessel is absorbed by polyprop stretcher Free stabbing Rotolatch connector at seabed Inserting and locking of Rotolatch in foundation Transferring weight from polyprop stretcher to buoyancy tank

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Free Stabbing of Riser

Position and lower

Lower and Rotate

Lift and engage

Final position

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Typical Project Phases

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Project Phases and Issues encountered

Engineering preparation stage Transport from fabrication yard to offshore location Field preparations for survey and positioning Lift structure from barge or SSCV deck

Lower structure through the waterline (splashzone)

Lower structure through the watercolumn Position and land the structure on the mudline/seabed/template or foundation already installed Level structure if necessary Completion work
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Engineering Preparation Phase

Typical Subsea Transport and Installation Project, engineering topics: Barge transport engineering (motion response analysis, grillage and seafastening design, bollard pull requirement) Transfer transport unit to SSCV option Single vs dual crane installation Anti twist system, anti rotation system Rigging release systems Installation engineering (rigging design, dynamic analysis, suction foundation analysis etc) ROV detailed scope of work Survey and positioning detailed scope of work

Handling equipment specification

Installation manual
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Transport from yard to Offshore Site

Typical Subsea Transport and Installation Project: Transport from fabrication yard to offshore location On barge On SSCV deck Combination of both (inshore transfer)

Laggan Tormore structures on 400 barge

Vega structures on barge

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Transport from yard to Offshore Site

Laggan Tormore structures on Thialf Deck

Tombua Landana TBT on barge H627

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Transport from yard to Offshore Site

Barge vs Thialf deck transport: Size and weight structure

Space on deck SSCV

Liftable from deck

Quay location Access barge vs access SSCV

Workability (lift off from barge vs lift off from Thialf deck)
Offshore lift from barge weather sensitive Offshore lift from SSCV deck less weather sensitive Transfer lift to SSCV deck in sheltered waters

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Lift Structure from Barge or SSCV deck

Lifting the structures from SSCV deck or barge

Pros lift from SSCV deck Lift off no critical weather operation Preparations to structures direct from SSCV deck No barge mooring operations offshore No people transfer to offshore barge Rigging attachment less weather restrictive

Pros lift from barge deck Heavier and larger structures can be installed No height restriction of structure

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Field Preparations, Survey and Positioning

Installation tolerances drive the field preparations. In order to position the structure within tolerances (position and heading) a few methods/options can be distinguished:

1. Positioning via DP and subsea transponder array

2. Positioning via gravity (pre-installed) anchors

3. Subsea infrastructure already present, dock structure over other structure

Each of above mentioned methods have their own accuracy. As back up method the installation of subsea marker buoys are often used.

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Positioning by Transponders
1. Positioning via DP and subsea transponder array Transponder array to be pre installed and surveyed Transponders on subsea structure for communication with array ROV interface Example: Laggan Tormore

Installation Tolerances for positioning SWPS:

Structure SWPS Position +/- 0.50m Heading +/- 2.00

Final as built data, position from target:

Structure SWPS Position 0.14m Heading 0.30

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Laggan Tormore Example

Typical Survey plot:

Transponder array

Template Target

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Positioning by Gravity Anchor

2. Positioning via gravity (pre-installed) anchors Gravity anchors to be pre installed and surveyed Sling length determined and custom made Subsea attachment by ROV Example: Ormen Lange

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Positioning on Structure
3. Subsea Structure already present; dock structure over other structure Docking guides and receptors required for positioning and guiding Docking loads during installation (steel on steel, docking study) Subsea connection between foundation and structure Example: Tombua Landana Compliant Tower, TBT Installation

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Positioning on Structure (2)

TBT;

L*B*H W

~ 34*34*22, ~ 3010mT ~ 190m, diam 108 ~ 850mT each ~ 177*49*11m

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Foundation Piles;

L W

Barge H-627;

L*B*H

Tombua Landana Example

Installation sequence, TBT landen on LPT (Levelling Pile Template) Primary, secondary and tertiary docking pin engaged

Mudline -370 m.
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Lower Structures Through the Waterline (Splashzone)

Lifting structures Through the Splash Zone Dynamic Loads! (DNV-RP-H103) vs design forces Multiple installation stadia Structure mass and drag area vs water particle acceleration and velocity, Hoist wire dynamics, hatch loads, equipment loads etc Wave force on structure, transferred to rigging and hoists

2 Stages (multiple stages can be defined): Roof just above water and roof just below waterline:

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Lower Structures Through the Waterline (Splashzone)

Orbital wave motion

Source picture: http://fcit.usf.edu/florida/teacher/science/mod2/beach.profiles.html

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Lower Structures Through the Waterline (Splashzone)

Wave particle motion for deep water described as circles, decreasing with waterdepth:

Wave orbital motion Wave period Waterdepth

Short waves highest effect on slamming loads but depth effect is large

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Lower Structures Through the Waterline (Splashzone)

Wave particle motion for deep water described as circles, decreasing with water depth:

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Lower Structures Through the Waterline (Splashzone)

Influence crane tip motions (velocity and acceleration) is very minimal wrt water particle velocity and acceleration. For a wave period of 6 s, the heave velocity and acceleration is ~ 2% of the water particle velocity and acceleration! In other words, the installation vessel hardly moves and slamming loads are only wave induced, not vessel (motion) induced

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Lower Structures Through the Waterline (Splashzone)

Resulting maximum wave height based on maximum allowable dynamics (rigging design driven, template design more critical):

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Lower Structures Through the Waterline (Splashzone)

Result is completely opposite of normal installation limits. Normal limits driven by vessel induced motions Characterized by:

Hs

Tp

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Lower Structures Through the Waterline (Splashzone)

Effect: short crested waves defined the installation limit for wave periods around 6 seconds Low(er) workability! Wave propagation

SSCV is a very large vessel, what is the influence of the SSCV on the local wave field? SSCV Shielding study Shielding effect of SSCV: SSCV, installing a template on the lee side of the vessel, sheltered from (short crested) waves.

SSCV

Template

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Lower Structures Through the Waterline (Splashzone)

Wave Reflection effects SSCV Radiation effects Wave Diffraction effects Wave propagation +

Installation Vessel Shielding Study

Input characteristics JOHNSWAP Wave Spectrum 6s < Tp < 20s 0 degr < wave heading < 355 degr Results Tp = 6s Wave heading 225 degr (bow quartering) 50% reduction on wave height

Installation Vessel

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Lower Structures (Set-down on seabed)

Set-down structures on seabed Dynamic Loads vs design forces Maximum set down velocity on seabed (~ 0.5m/s) Hoist wire dynamics (max DAF) Vessel induced motions characterize dynamics, transferred to rigging and hoists Mass Spring System, natural behavior defined by: * mass and added mass template * waterdepth / reeving length * Environmental Conditions / crane tip motions (wave induced vessel motions) * hoist wire stiffness (spring term) * template drag (damping term)
Vessel Motions Crane tip Motions

Waves

Hoist wires

Template Motions Mudline

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Lower Structures (Set-down on seabed)

Create model (frequency domain) Thialf, hoist wires, template: Per wave heading, obtain template heave velocity RAO and Hoist wire dynamic force RAO.

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Lower Structures (Set-down on seabed)

Create model (frequency domain) Thialf, hoist wires, template: Per wave heading, obtain template heave velocity RAO and Hoist wire dynamic force RAO. For maximum allowable template velocity 0.5m/s and hoist wire dynamics, define allowable wave height per peak period and wave heading:

Hs allowable

V < 0.5m/s

Hs allowable

DAF < allowable

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Lower Structures (Offshore Decision making)

At start of project, wave rider buoy is deployed and directional full spectral wave and weather predictions obtained.

Decision making tool: compare measurements with predictions, with RAOs decide on installation window where DAF and set down velocity

will be within limits.

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Lower Structures (Offshore Decision making)

Check predicted vs measured waves (Hs)

Hs

Date, time

Vheave
Check near bottom vertical heave velocity template within limits
Limiting criterion heave velocity

Fdyn
Check DAF within limits
Limiting criterion dynamic force

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Position template on seabed

When a suitable window is there:

Attach rigging Cut seafastening Lift from deck, lower through the water column and set down on seabed

Release rigging Perform hatch operations Apply suction (if needed) Completions

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Questions?

Email:

dmus@hmc-heerema.com

jvanegmond@hmc-heerema.com

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