.

2008





.
:
.

.
23 23 26
2007.
. ,
,

.
(poster)
23 .
.
...
.
. , . .
.



, ,

/ .

, , , ,

, ,
. 2006
.
(
15 ), ( 30 ) () ( 30 ).
( 0,5cm.).
.
14 2006 14 2006.

, , /
. ,

.
,
(, , ), (,
).
,
(N, Mg, B)
( )
,
.

Abstract
The process of completely removing a strip of bark around a trees outer
circumference is named girdling which is a method used in many fruit trees in order to
increase the amount or/and the quality of the produced fruits. Aim of this paper is to
study the impact of girdling in blossoming, fruit drop, fruit binding, in the net weight of
the fruit, and in the concentration of carbohydrates on the leaves and the nutrition status
of the olive trees for the varieties of Koroneiki, Halkidiki and Tsountati, on which there
is no previous research published. The sample was taken during the year 2006 using
olive trees in two different fields which belong in the experimental field of TEI Crete in
Heraclion. There where used five trees for each one of the varieties Koroneiki (15 years
old trees), Halkidikis (30 years old trees) and Tsounati (30 years old trees). Girdling
was applied with completely removing a strip of bark around a trees outer
circumference (width 0.5 cm). Totally we completed two interventions of girdling, the
first one on the 14 of February 2006 and the second one on the 14 of March 2006.
Girdling or the period that we choose for application had not an important influence on
the number of flower group on the sprout and the number of flowers on the flower
group in none of the varieties. Moreover, neither the first period of application nor the
second had an effect on the fruit drop and the fruit binding and as a conclusion the final
number of fruits that remained on the trees for the three varieties until the time of
harvesting. In addition, girdling had not had an impact on the size, width and weight of
the fruits and also on the height and width of the new branches. Finally on the leaves of
the three varieties was noticed an important diversification on the concentration of
certain nutrition elements (N, Mg, B) (larger concentration on Martira (reference
intervention) rather than Girdling A and Girdling B) during the sample test of May. This
was not true for the sample test of December.


..............................................................................................................02
....................................................................................................................03
Abstract .......................................................................................................................04
...............................................................................................................05
.................................................................................................08
................................................................................................09
. ................................................................................................10
.....................................................................................................................11
1. .....................................................................................................................13
1.1. ..........................................................................................13
1.2. .........................................................................................14
1.2.1. ...................................................................14
1.2.2. ..........................................................................15
1.2.3. ................................................................................15
1.3. .........................................................................................15
1.3.1. ....................................................................................15
1.3.2. .................................................................................................15
1.3.3. - .............................................................................15
1.3.4. ...................................................................................................16
1.3.5. - ................................................................................17
1.3.6. .................................................................................................18
1.4. ...........................................................................19
1.4.1. ..................................20
1.5. ...........................................................................................................20
1.5.1. ..............................................21
1.6. .....................................................................................................22
1.6.1. ........................................22
1.7. .......................................................................................23
1.7.1. ..........................24
2. ...............................................................................................................26
2.1. .......................................................................................................26
2.1.1. ...................................................................27
5

2.1.2. ........................................................................27
2.2. .................................27
2.2.1. .........................................................28
2.2.2. ................................................30
2.2.3. ..................................................................31
2.2.4. ................................................32
2.2.5. .....................................33
. ..............................................................................................34
3. ................................................................................................35
3.1. ..................................................................35
3.2. .....................................................................................35
3.3. .................................................................................36
3.3.1. .........................................................39
3.3.2. ...........................................................39
3.3.3. ....................................39
3.3.3.1. () ..............................40
3.3.3.2. , P, K, Mg, Ca, Na, Mn, Zn
Fe ....................................................................................41
3.3.4. ............................................42
3.3.5. ...............................................................42
3.3.6. ...................................43
3.4. ................................................................................44
4. - ....................................................................................45
4.1. ...........................................................................................45
4.2. .....................................................................46
4.3. ...........................................................47
4.4. ......................................................51
4.5. - ............................................................................52
4.6. .......................................................................................54
4.7. ....54
4.8. .............................................54
4.8.1. .............................................................................55
4.8.2. ..............................................................................56
4.8.3. ...............................................................................57
6

5. .......................................................................................................60
5.1. ................................................................................60
............................................................................................62
....................................................................................................63
.........................................................................................67
.................................................................................................................68
1 .........................................................................................................69
2 .........................................................................................................84


1. .............17
2. ..............................................................................18
3. ...............................................................................18
4. ...............................19
5. .................................................................................................23
6. ....................................................24
7. .................................................................................26
8. .....................................................................................29
9. ................................................................35
10. ..........................................................................................37
11. ................................38
12. ...............................38
13. ........38
14. ....................40
15. ..............................................................42
16. ..43
17. (1),
(2), (3),
(4)..................................................................................................59


1. 02/06 07/06........36
2. 08/06 01/07 .........36
3. .........................................................45
4. ..46
5. ...47
6. ....47
7. P,N ...........48
8. Mg, Ca, ....48
9. Mn, Fe Zn ....48
10. P,N ..........49
11. Mg, Ca, ...49
12. Mn, Fe Zn ...50
13. P,N ...........50
14. Mg, Ca, ....51
15. Mn, Fe Zn ....51
16. ............................52
17. ....53
18. .....53
19. ......53
20. (, )
.........................................................................................................................54
21. (, )
.....................................................................................................................54
22. ...55
23. ...56
24. .....57
25. ,
....................................................................58

.
10


, .
, , ,
(Oleaceae).
(Olea) (30) ,
Olea europaea L. -
:
- , (Olea europaea var. Sativa)
- ( (Olea europaea var. Oleaster).
olea
.

.
.
,
.
(
), 800

. ,
.
4,4%
.

( 6,5 ). ,

(, ).
.


/ ,
. , , ,
,
, -

11

 -
.

.


.
.

.

12

1.

1.1.
(Olea europea L.) Oleaceae,
.
,
. ,
,

.
, , , , .

,
,
, , , , , .
.

, . ,
, ,
,
.
. ,
,

. ,
.

13

1.2.
, , ,
.

. , ,
. ,
, .
600 (, 1996)
,
, ,
, ,
.

, :
, .
1.2.1.
,
, .
, , ,
.
,
.
,
,
, .
,
.
, ,
. ,
. , ,
, .
, , ,
.
14

1.2.2.
(, ,
...) ,
, ,
.
,
, 1020% .
10gr,
.
1.2.3.

, .
, ,
.
1.3.
15-20m,
2-5m.
1.3.1.

.
,
. ,
.
15-20cm
50-60cm 100-120cm.

.
1.3.2.

. , .
15

 8 10 , ,
, .
, ,
.
1.3.3. -
,
,

() ().

,
.
() , ()
.

, .
, ,
.
1.3.4.
, . ,
.
, (Richard
Fooks 1995).
,
, ( 1).


.

16

 1.
.

1.3.5. -
,

( 2).
, , ,
, .
.

.
, -,
.
.


.

17

 2. .

1.3.6.
,
(), (), ()
( 3).
, ,
.
, , ,
.

3. .

18

1.4.

. ,
10-30cm
10cm.
,
. ,
() .
.
,

.

( 4).

4. (, 1996).

19

1.4.1.

, ,
.
, ,

.

.

. 7C
16C.
,
.

,
(, 1996)

,
,
, .
.
,

(, 2005).
.

.
1.5.

.
, .

20

 , ,
.(< 7C) Loussert
Brouse (1978)
400 6 7
.
1.5.1.
,
. ,
, ,
,
.
18C 22C (Tubeileh et al,
2004).
.

.
,

, .
,
, .
,
,
.
,
,
,

, ,
.
,
,
. ,
21


( )
,

, (
, 1974).
,
,
,

(Androulakis and Loupassaki, 1990).
1.6.
,
.
, 1-5% .
, , .
1.6.1.
.
. , ,
, .
,

(, 1996).
.
,
,

.

,
( ).

22

 . :
(Tubeileh A. et al, 2004).
.
(<14 15 ppm) ,
.
(<7 13 ppm )
( , 1961).
.

.
, ,
( 5)
.
, (, 1996).

5.

1.7.
,
, .
, 6-7
, :

( ),
. ,
23

 ( ),

. ,
, .

( 6).

6. (, 1996).

1.7.1.
, ,
.
,
,
24

 , .

.
, ,


.

, ,
,
.

.
, , .
, (..
) .

25

2.

2.1.

, ( 7).

1:

7. .

,
. ,

,
.
Noel (1970),
.

(.. , )
(.. , )
(Zimmerman et all, 1985; Hackett, 1985; Meilan,
1997).

26

2.1.1.
,
.
,
.

.
,
( ) .

,
,
.
2.1.2.
,
, ,

.
,
.
,
.
,
.
2.2.

. , , ,

.

27

2.2.1.


Proietti et all (1999),
, ,
, .

. ,
,
.
,
,
15%
5%.

,
.

,

, Barnea,

, .
,
(Proietti et all, 1990).
,
.
, Eris Barut (1993),
,
. , Levin Lavee
(2005), (Barnea, Piscual Souri)
.
,
.

28

 Proietti (2003), Leccino

.
.

(PN),
. ,

.

, (CO2)
.
.
, ,

.
, .
,
,

.
,
.

8. .

29

2.2.2.

Tomer (1977),
.
,
, .
,

.
.

.
. Fuerte, Hass
Tovah 20% Ettinger 2%.

. ,
Fuerte
(1998) Ca, Mg, Mn
.
N, P, B Zn.
,

Mg B.
. ,
P, Ca, Mg
.

30

2.2.3.
Mostafa Saleh (2006)
.
,
Balady, ,
.
( ) 1% 2%
(3) (KPO3).
, ,
.

, , (N)
(K), ,
. ,
.

,
, . ,
, (P)
, C
.
Rivas et all
(2005).
"Fortune"
"Clausellina Satsuma".
(SSC),
.
"Fortune"
15 35 .
125%. "Clausellina
Satsuma", 35
.
28%.

31

2.2.4.

Di Vaio et all (2001).

,
.

, ,
.
,
.
,
.
. ,

.
,
.
,
.
, .
(N), (P),
(K), (Ca) (Mg) .


.
,

.

32

2.2.5.

, ,
(Fumuro, 1998).
,
6 9 , ,
. 1cm
10cm
- 34 23
.

.
,

.
,
.
,
,
(N) (K)
(Mg) .
.
,
(
).

33

34

3.

3.1.

.... ( 9),
. o
2006 : (), ()
().

9. .

3.2.


.
,
, (...).
1 2 ,
, ,
.
35

 1: 02/2006 07/2006.
C

(%)

(mm)

2006

12,1

2,4

20,8

69,0

103,8

2006

13,5

5,2

23,0

67,0

22,1

2006

16,5

8,6

27,2

63,0

47,3

2006

19,5

10,6

29,6

61,0

1,0

2006

23,6

14,4

38,4

59,0

0,3

2006

24,9

17,6

30,4

59,0

0,0

2: 08/2006 01/2007.
C

(%)

(mm)

2006

26,8

20,6

33,0

60,0

0,0

2006

23,4

16,4

30,0

65,0

19,4

2006

19,7

11,4

26,0

72,0

169,2

2006

14,7

9,3

23,8

73,0

69,9

2006

12,9

4,4

20,5

70,0

15,2

2007

12,9

5,6

21,6

70,0

45,0

3.3.

(5)
.
9.

36

 10. .

14 2006 ,
( ),
. ,
, ,
( ) ,
.

.
. ,
,
.
, ,
,
.
9
(1, 2, 3, 4),
(1, 2, 3, 4) (1. 2, 3, 4),
11 12
. 12

.

37

 11. ,
.

12. ,
.

3.3.1.
,
. ,

.
3.3.2.
75%,
, ,
. .
,
.

( 13).

13.
.

38


, ,
.
,
0,1g ,
25ml. ,
10ml 80%
, 60C

(30) ,

Khan (2000).
15ml 80% .
80% (1ml :
ml ).


2ml (0,5g 250ml
).
- 2ml
. ,
90C (15)
. , ,
(625nm) .

.
3.3.3.

.
, ,

. 75C
(48) ( 14).

39

 14.
.

,

.

.
3.3.3.1. ()
,
. 0,5gr
, ,
500C, () (5)
.

Azomethine-H (Wolf, 1971), ,
.
Azomethine-H, 10ml 0,1N HCl
.
2ml
4ml 4ml Azomethine-H.
(pH=5,1) 15gr Na2EDTA 400ml
250gr 125ml

40

 . Azomethine-H 0,45gr Azomethine-H

1gr 100ml .

Azomethine-H
(420nm).

,
mg gr-1 ..
(ppm).
3.3.3.2. , P, K, Mg, Ca, Na, Mn, Zn Fe

,
, , P, K, Mg, Ca, Na, Mn, Zn Fe.
mg gr-1 .. (%),
mg gr-1 .. (ppm) .
K, Mg, Ca, Na, Mn, Zn Fe,

() 550C (5)
. 3ml 6N HCl

.
50ml.



.
(P)
(Page et al., 1982),
50ml 2ml.

470nm.
() Kjeldahl.

41

3.3.4.

.
Petri 8,331cm 1,322cm,

.
100gr sucrose, 300mgr H3BO3, 300mgr
Ca(NO3)2.4H2O, 200mgr MgSO4.7H2O, 100mg KNO3.

To Ph

5,65 NAOH 1.
10gr Agar .
Petri, 8ml ,
121C 20 . ,
, .
25C 40

.
15 ,
.

15. .

3.3.5.

(200) , (100)
.
42

 ,
( 16).

16.

, ,

.
, ,
(50) ,
. (10) , ,
.
, ,
,
.
3.3.6.

.
, ,

.

43

3.4.
2007.

.
02/2006

03/2006

05/2006

05/2006

05/2006

05/2006

06/2006

07/2006

08/2006

09/2006

10/2006

11/2006

12/2006

, .

01/2007

.
,
.

10/2007

44

4.
4.1.
3
(, , )
. (, , ).
.

, ,
( , ) ().
, ,
( )
().
( , )
.
.
3
()
7.

Eris Barut (1993),
Levin Lavee (2005), Tomer (1977) .
3. 1

263,40

221,20

227,60

278,80

208,00

304,20

279,00

233,60

269,00,

22 .
p=0.05

45

4.2.


.
(2006 2007).
4 2006 p=0,05

( )
(). 2007,

( )
(),
( ) ()
.
,
5 6
()
( , ).
(2006, 2007).

2007
Mostafa Saleh (2006)
.

Proietti et all (1999) .
2006
.
4. 1 (mol/ g. FW)

2006
2007

94,54
98,14
87,45,
106,71
79,03
101,48,

.
p=0.05

46

 5. 1 (mol/g.
FW)

2006
2007

106,96
119,12
120,77
101,11
92,64
115,47

1 .
p=0.05

6. 1 (mol/g.
FW)

2006
2007

115,76
104,76
106,78
116,49
122,52
111,85

.
p=0.05

4.3.

,
2006 ( ) 2007 ( ),

.
, ( 7 9)
()
( , ).
,
2006 (N, Mg, B).
2006
( , ).
2007.

,
( )
( ).
47

 7. P, N K 1 (mg Kg-1 DW)

P
2006
0,13
0,11
0,12

P
2007
0,10
0,09
0,08

N
N
K
2006
2007
2006
1,33
1,76
0,70
0,88
1,59
0,61
1.04
1,57
0,68

K
2007
0,80
0,82
0,79

.
p=0.05

8. Mg, Ca B 1 (mg Kg-1 DW)

Mg
2006
0,13
0,10
0,10

Mg
2007
0,13
0,14
0,11

Ca
Ca

2006
2007
2006
2,19
1,63
15,80
1,73
1,60
13,20

1,76
1,35
12,40

2007
13,60
14,40
13,20

.
p=0.05

9. Mn, Fe Zn 1 (mg Kg-1 DW)

Mn
2006
43,60
33,80
36,80

Mn
2007
40,40
35,60
32,80

Fe
Fe
Zn
2006
2007
2006
129,80
94,80
10,00
118,00
104,40
8,20
122,00
94,20
10,20

Zn
2007
8,40
8,00
8,20

.
p=0.05

,
(2006, 2007)
, .
, (P) (Mn)
2006
( ) ( )
(). 2007

.
(N) 2006
2007

48

() (
)
2006, (Mg)
( )
(),
( ).
(Ca) (B) 2006
( , ) 2007.
(Fe) 2006
( )
( ), 2007
.
, (Zn) 2006
,
( , )
().
10. P, N K 1 (mg Kg-1 DW)

P
2006
0,16
0,13
0,08

P
2007
0,09
0,09
0,08

N
N
K
2006
2007
2006
1,10
1,38
0,56
0,82
0,97
0,52

0,86
0,85
0,49

K
2007
0,68
0,64
0,64

.
p=0.05

11. Mg, Ca B 1 (mg Kg-1 DW)

Mg
2006
0,12
0,09
0,10

Mg
Ca
Ca

2007
2006
2007
2006
0,10
1,52
1,14
15,20

0,09
1,11
0,93
13,00
0,10,
1,17
1,02
13,20

2007
13,40
13,20
14,80

.
p=0.05

49

 12. Mn, Fe Zn 1 (mg Kg-1

DW)

Mn
2006
25,20
21,40
15,40

Mn
2007
23,20
18,00
15,60

Fe
Fe
Zn
2006
2007
2006
123,80,
79,40
7,80
104,40
78,20
7,40

135,60
86,60
8,20

Zn
2007
8,00
5,40
5,40

.
p=0.05

( 13 15). 2006, (P)
( )
( ),
2007.
, (N) 2006
( , )
() 2007,
(N) ( )
(N) ( )
() .

(Mg) 2006

( , ) ().
(Mg) 2007 .
(B) (Mn)
( , ) 2006,

(), 2007 .
13. P, N K 1 (mg Kg-1 DW)

P
2006
0,09,
0,08
0,11

P
N
N
2007
2006
2007
0,10
1,13
1,52
0,09
0,90
1,20

0,09
0,90
1,83

K
2006
0,54
0,46
0,51

K
2007
0,61
0,54
0,58

.
p=0.05

50

 14. Mg, Ca B 1 (mg Kg-1 DW)

Mg
2006
0,10
0,08
0,09,

Mg
Ca
Ca

2007
2006
2007
2006
0,10
1,71
1,53
16,60
0,10
1,32
1,61
13,20
0,11
1,49
1,41
13,40

2007
14,20
14,40
14,75

.
p=0.05

15. Mn, Fe Zn 1 (mg Kg-1

DW)

Mn
2006
18,40
13,00
17,40

Mn
2007
19,60
19,40
19,50

Fe
Fe
2006
2007

164,80
81,80
143,60
111,60
170,80
77,75

Zn
2006
7,80
7,00
7,60

Zn
2007
7,00
6,20
7,00

.
p=0.05

,
(P, N, K, Mg, Ca, B, Mn, Fe, Zn)

().
.

( , )
()
Mostafa Saleh (2006), , .. (1998),
Di Vaio et all (2001) .
4.4.
,
p=0,05.

( , )
() ( 16). ,
3
.
51

 .
().

.
16. 1

34,88
5,67
14,52

51,40
20,00
15,86

28,53
36,98
28,85

.
p=0.05

4.5. -
2006
(6 ) ,
(200) ,.
.
One-Way ANOVA (Duncan,
p=0.05) ,
.
17 18


2006
( )
( ).
( 19)
p=0,05 ( ),

().

.

(Proietti et all, 1999; Levin
52

Lavee, 2005)
,

(),
.
17. 1

184,40 183,70

176,70,

155,30

154,40

134,40

169,80 154,50

145,80

134,60

127,30

120,40

205,10 187,80

179,80

164,60

144,10

142,80

1 200 .
p=0.05

18. 1

20,17
4,85
2,02
1,12
0,36
50,60
46,95 30,38
14,10
7,65
4,73
3,12

55,50

23,40

7,30

5,00

3,40

2,00

200 .
p=0.05

19. 1

70,62
66,37
56,37
51,50
48,75
79,37

98,75
89,50
79,00
74,25
67,37
120,37

91,20
77,70,
69,50,
64,90,
59,20,
112,60
1

200 .
p=0.05

4.6.

p=0,05 ,
( 20).
53


.
20. (, )1
(cm)

1,76
1,19
1,72
1,19
1,74
1,19

2,12
1,41
2,11
1,42
2,11
1,42

.
p=0.05

4.7.


( , )
() ( 21).
,
( )
().
21. (, ) (cm)

5,21

0,22

0,21

3,58

4,16 0,20

4,04,

3,72

0,21

3,58

4,08 0,21

4,30

3,66

0,22

3,70

5,99 0,22

4,60

5,88 0,19

4,46

0,20

3,98

3,73

3,72

4,28

1 .
p=0.05

4.8.
2007, 1,5

.


.
54

 , :
4.8.1.

, 100%
() , 40%
, 40% 20%
.
( ), 60%
, 20% - 20% .
80% 20%
.
. 80%
20% .
( ) 80%
20% . 40%
, 20% 40% .
40%
60%
. 80%
20%
.
22. (%)

100%

40%

40%

20%

80%

60%

20%

20%

80%

40%

20%

20%

40%

60%

40%

20%

100%

20%

80%

80%

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55

4.8.2.
, 80%
() 20% . 40%
, 40%
20% .
( ) 80%
20% -. 80%
20% . 60%
40%
. 60%
40% .
( ) 80%
20% . 60%
40% . 60%

40% . 40%
, 40% - 20%
.
23. (%)

20%

80%

80%

80%

20%

20%

40%

80%

40%

20%

60%

40%

60%

60%

40%

40%

40%

60%

40%

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20%

40%

56

4.8.3.
60%
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-. 80% 20%
.
( ) 40%
, 40% 20%
. 80% 20% . 80%

20% .
60%.
( ) 60%
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. 40%
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80%
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24. (%)

20%

40%

20%

20%

40%

60%

60%

20%

20%

80%

80%

60%

20%

20%

40%

80%

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20%

40%

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25
3 .
,
57

 .
, (), (Mg),
(P) (),
. ,

( , )
,
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.
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(%)

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80%
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58

17. (1),
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(4).

59

5.

5.1.

, ,
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.
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,
,
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.

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,
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.

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.


.
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.

60

 ,

. ,

.

61

 :
. ., .., (1961)

. 3, . 4
. ., (2005) , , 17: . 155-176,
23: . 257-285
., (1988) . , , ,
.
., , ., , ., (1998)
,
Fuerte, ,
7 :231-234.
., (1998) , .
: . 5-14, 29-31
. ., . ., (1974)
, .
. : IZ
. ., . ., (1969)
,
.
. : I
., (1996) . typo MAN: . 5-47,
105-118
Fooks R., (1995) PhD,

62

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67

68

 1

(ANOVA, Duncan) =0,05.

2006
= .05

79.0280

87.4460

2
87.4460
94.5380

.109

.170

.
- = 5.000.
2007
= .05

98.1380

101.4780

2
101.4780
106.7180

.274
.
- = 5.000.

.097

(P) 2006
= .05

.1140

.1220

.1260

..

.061
.
- = 5.000.
(P) 2007
= .05

.0840

.0880

.0960

.134
.
- = 5.000.

69

 (N) 2006
= .05

.8760

1.0440

1.3260

..

.090

1.000

.
- = 5.000.
(N) 2007
= .05

1.5680

1.5920

1.7580

..

.052
.
- = 5.000.
(K) 2006
= .05

.6080

.6840

.7040

..

.197
.
- = 5.000.
(K) 2007
= .05

.7940

.8040

.8160

..

.680
.
- = 5.000.

70

 (Mg) 2006
= .05

.0980

.1040

..

.1300

.454
.
- = 5.000.

1.000

(Mg) 2007

= .05
1

.1100

.1300

.1360

..

.077
.
- = 5.000.
(Ca) 2006

= .05
1

1.7300

1.7560

2.1860

..

.151
.
- = 5.000.
(Ca) 2007
= .05

1.3540

1.6000

1.6320

.091
.
- = 5.000.

71

 (B) 2006
= .05

12.4000

13.2000

15.8000

.306
.
- = 5.000.

1.000

(B) 2007
= .05

13.2000

13.6000

14.4000

..

.061
.
- = 5.000.
(Mn) 2006

= .05

33.8000

36.8000

43.6000

..

.069
.
- = 5.000.
(Mn)2007

= .05
1

32.8000

35.6000

40.4000

..

.066
.
- = 5.000.

72

 (Fe)2006
= .05

118.0000

122.0000

129.8000

..

.536
.
- = 5.000.
(Fe) 2007

= .05
1

94.2000

94.8000

104.4000

..

.387
.
- = 5.000.
(Zn) 2006
= .05

8.2000

10.0000

10.2000

..

.131
.
- = 5.000.
(Zn) 2007
= .05

8.0000

8.2000

8.4000

..

.612
.
- = 5.000.

73


2006
= .05

92.6400

101.1080

106.9560

..

.073
.
- = 5.000.
2007
= .05

115.4740

119.1200

120.7680

..

.268
.
- = 5.000.
(P) 2006
= .05

.1340

.1620

..

.0820

1.000

.149

.
- = 5.000.
(P) 2007
= .05

.0760

.0900

.0900

..

.319
.
- = 5.000.

74

 (N) 2006
= .05

.8200

.8600

1.1020

.645
.
- = 5.000.

1.000

(N) 2007
= .05

.8520

.9660

1.3800

..

.239

1.000

.
- = 5.000.
(K) 2006
= .05

.4920

.5160

.5600

.179
.
- = 5.000.
(K) 2007
= .05

.6380

.6440

.6780

..

.437
.
- = 5.000.

75

 (Mg) 2006
= .05

.0860

.0960

..

.1160

.163
.
- = 5.000.

1.000

(Mg) 2007
= .05

.0860

.0940

2
.0940
.1020

..

.174

.174

.
- = 5.000.
(Ca) 2006
= .05

1.1140

1.1660

1.5220

..

.699

1.000

.
- = 5.000.
(Ca) 2007
= .05

.9260

1.0160

1.1360

..

.164
.
- = 5.000.

76

 (B) 2006
= .05

13.0000

13.2000

..

15.2000

.809
.
- = 5.000.

1.000

(B) 2007
= .05

13.2000

13.4000

14.8000

..

.216
.
- = 5.000.
(Mn) 2006
= .05

21.4000

25.2000

15.4000

1.000
.
- = 5.000.

.079

(Mn) 2007
= .05

15.6000

18.0000

..

2
18.0000
23.2000

.474

.135

.
- = 5.000.

77

 (Fe) 2006
= .05

104.4000

123.8000

..

2
123.8000
135.6000

.103
.
- = 5.000.

.305

(Fe) 2007
= .05

78.2000

79.4000

86.6000

..

.477
.
- = 5.000.
(Zn) 2006
= .05

7.4000

7.8000

8.2000

..

.185
.
- = 5.000.
(Zn) 2007
= .05

5.4000

5.4000

..

8.0000
1.000

1.000

.
- = 5.000.

78


2006
= .05

115.7620

116.4880

122.5180

.539
.
- = 5.000.
2007
= .05

104.7640

106.7780

111.8480

.186
.
- = 5.000.
(P) 2006

= .05
1

.0760

.0920

.0920
.1080

..

.174

.174

.
- = 5.000.
(P) 2007
= .05

.0920

.0925

.1000

..

.319
.
- = 4.615
- . .
I

79

 (N) 2006
= .05

.8960

.8980

..

1.1340

.984
.
- = 5.000.

1.000

(N) 2007

= .05
1

1.1980
1.5240
1.8275

..

1.000

.061

.
- = 4.615
- . .
I
(K) 2006
= .05

.4560

.5080

.5360

..

.166
.
- = 5.000.
(K) 2007
= .05

.5440

.5750

.6080

..

.220
.
- = 4.615
- . .
I

80

 (Mg) 2006
= .05

.0780

.0900

..

2
.0900
.1000

.069
.
- = 5.000.

.121

(Mg) 2007
= .05

.1020

.1020

.1050

..

.777

.
- = 4.615
- . .
I
(Ca) 2006
= .05

1.3160

1.4920

..

2
1.4920
1.7080

.266
.
- = 5.000.

.177

(Ca) 2007

= .05
1

1.4125

1.5260

1.6120

..

.326

.
- = 4.615
- . .
I

81

 (B) 2006
= .05

13.2000

13.4000

..

16.6000

.807
.
- = 5.000.

1.000

(B) 2007
= .05

14.2000

14.4000

14.7500

.506

.
- = 4.615
- . .
I
(Mn)2006
= .05

13.0000

17.4000

..

2
17.4000
18.4000

.052
.
- = 5.000.

.632

(Mn) 2007

= .05
1

19.4000

19.5000

19.6000

..

.937

.
- = 4.615
- . .
I

82

 (Fe) 2006
= .05

143.6000

164.8000

170.8000

.229
.
- = 5.000.
(Fe) 2007
= .05

81.8000

111.6000

..

1
77.7500

.275

.
- = 4.615
- . .
I
(Zn) 2006
= .05

7.0000

7.6000

7.8000

.212
.
- = 5.000.
(Zn) 2007
= .05

6.2000

7.0000

7.0000

.340
.
- = 4.615
- . .
I.

83

 2
.

84

85

86