IS 13099 : 1991 IS0 5458 : 1987

Indian Standard TECHNICAL DRAWINGS - GEOMETRICAL TOLERANCING - POSITIONAL TOLERANCING

UDC 744 : 621.753-l

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BIS 1991 INDIAN STANDARDS

ZAFAR MARG

BUREAU
MANAK

OF
BHAVAN,

9 BAHADUR SHAH NEW DELHI 110002

July 1991

Price

Qroup

IS 13099: 1991 IS0 5458: 1987

Indian Standard
TECHNICAL DRAWINGS - GEOMETRICAL TOLERANCING - POSITIONAL TOLERANCING
NATIONAL FOREWORD This Indian Standard which is identical with IS0 5458 : 1987 Technical drawings - Geometrical tolerancing - Positional tolerancing, issued by the International Organrzation for Standardization ( IS0 ), was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards on the recommendation of the Drawing Sectional Committee ( LMD 02 ) and approval of the Light Mechanical Engineering Division Council. In the adopted standard certain terminology and conventions are not identical with those used in Indian Standards; attention is especially drawn to the following: a) Wherever the words International be read as Indian Standard. b) CROSS Standard appear referring to this standard, they should
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Comma ( , ) has been used as a decimal marker, while in Indian Standards, the current practice is to use a point ( . ) as the decimal marker. REFERENCES

In this adopted standard, reference appears to certain International Standards for which Indian Standards also exist. The corresponding Indian Standards which are to be substituted in their place are listed below along with their degreebf equivalence for the editions indicated:
International Standard Indian Standard Degree of Equivalence

IS0 1101 : 1983

IS 8000 ( Part 1 ) : 1985 Geometrical tolerancing on technical drawings : Part 1 Tolerancing of form, orientation, location and run-out and appropriate geometrical definitions ( first revision ) IS 8000 ( Part 2 ) : 1991 Geometrical tolerancing on technical drawings : Part 2 Maximum material principle ( first revision ) IS 9609 ( Part 1 ) : 1983 Lettering on technical drawings : Part 1 English characters IS 10721 : 1983 Datum and datum systems for geometrical tolerancing on technical drawings IS 12160 : 1987 Technical drawings Fundamental tolerancing principle

Identical

IS0 2692 : 1988

Identical

IS0 3098 - 1 : 1974

Identical

IS0 5459 : 1981

Identical

IS0 8015 : 1985

Identical

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As in the Original Standard, this Page is Intentionally Left Blank

IS 13099 : 1991 IS0 5458 : 1987

Supplied by Book Supply Bureau to CSIR E JOURNALS Consortium for internal use by subscribing member only.

0
0.1 IS0

Introduction
The concept of positional toleraclcing, described Standard. in

mulae mating

for the calculation parts. Generally

of tolerance positional

values appropriate is applicable However,

tn to

tolerancing teatures.

both regular- and irregular-shaped this lnternetional shaped features

to make

1101, is further

elaborated

in this Internatjwl
Standard

Standard more comprehensible, have been shown.

only regular-

The figures in this International subjeft matter

seree to illustrate the complete.

only and are not necessarily international Standards,

NOTE - Regular-shaped features are. for example, cvltndrtcal land square) holes, bolts, studs or pins. parallei sided slots and laps, keys and keyways

Other relevant

such as thope dealing

with the maximum material principle (IS0 26921, datums and datum systems (IS0 54591, should be taken into consideration wht,ri losing this International Standard.

2
IS0

References
1101, Technical drawings - Geometrical tolerancing locahan and run out of form, orientation, definitions, symbols, indications on drawings drawings Geometrical toleranclng -~-.

0.2

For

the

purposes

of

this

International

Standard,

all

dimensions

and tolerances

on the drawings

have been stenthat these in-

Tolerancing Generalities, IS0 2692,

tilled in upright lettering.

It should be understood

dications could just as well be written in free-hand or inclined (italic) lettering without altering the meaning of the indications. For the presentation see IS0 3098-l. of lettering [proportions and dimensions),

Technical

Maximum

material principle.

1)
-- Letters Parr 1

IS0 3098 1, Technical drawmgs used characters.

: Currently

Scope

and field
Standard

of application
describes the principle of positional of features and also provides for-

IS0 5459, technical drawings ~ Geometncaf tolerancurg Dalums and datum-systems for geometrtc tolerances IS0 8015, ciple. Technical drawings Fundam~n tal tolerancu,g

rhis International ,olerancing

prim

for the location

At present at the srage of draft. (Revision of IS0 1101-2

1974.)

IS 13099: IS0

1991

5458 : 1987

3
3.1

Establishment
General
constituents

of positional

tolerances

The primary

are theoretically

exact dimensions,

tolerance

zones and datums.

3.2

Fundamental

principle
tolerancing, planes, theoretically exact dimensions and positional tolerances determine the location of features, zone is sym-

In the method such as points, metrically

of positional

axes and median

relative to each other or in relation exact location.

to one or more datums.

The tolerance

disposed

about the theoretically

NOTE - By virtue of this principle positional tolerances do not accumulate where theoretically exact dimensions are arranged in a chain (see figure 4) (This contrasts with dimensional tolerances arranged in a chain.) Positional tolerancing allows clear reference to be made to one or more datum5

3.3

Positional tolerances
tolerance

related to a specified datum

related to a specified datum, the right angle need not be indicated on the drawing

If the positional (see figure 1).

zone is perpendicularly

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Indication

on the drawing

Interpretation

a)

b)

c)

d)

NOTE hole. a)

Interpretations

at, b). c) or d) may apply at each individual

Axis of hole coincident

with theoretically

exact location

(zero

deviation). b) Axis of hole at maximum position deviation with zero perpen

dicularity deviation. c) Axis of hole at maximum deviation. position deviation; I this CUSPa con, position deviatton with maxImum

perpendicularity d)

Axis of hole at maximum

bination of geometrical

deviations.

Figure

IS 13099:
IS0 5458

1991
: 1987

3.4

Positional

tolerances

on a complete

circle

For positional toleranced features arranged in a complete circle, for example, holes on a pitch circle, it is understood that they are equally spaced, unless otherwise stated, and that their locations are theoretically exact. If two or more groups of features are shown on the same axis, they shall be considered as a single pattern, unless otherwise stated by an appropriate instruction [see figures 2a) and 2b)l.

4x815

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Figure 2al

Angular optional

location

Figure 2b)

IS 13099 : 1991 IS0 5458 : 1987

3.5

Positional

tolerances

in one direction
in one direction;

only
the width of the tolerance zone is then in the direction of the arrow line Isee

The tolerance

value can be specified

figures 3a) and 3b)l.

Indication

on the drawing

uA
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Figure

3el

Interpretation

Each of the lines shall be contained defined by two parallel straight disposed about metrically

within

a tolerance exact

zone of

lines 0.1 apart which are sym position

the theoretically

each scale line.

Figure

3b)

IS 13099 IS0 5458

: 1991

: 1087

3.6

Positional
value

tolerances

in two

directions
directions perpendicular to each other, reference being made to unequal values [see

Tht: tolerance

can be specified or equal values

in two

figt:r<:s 4a) ar~;i 4b)l

lsee figures

5a) and 5b)l.

Indication

on the drawing

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Figure

4aI

Interpretation

The axis of each zone of section zones are fixed

hole shall lie within exact

a rectangular dimensions.

tolerance tolerance

0,3 x 0,l;

the axes of the rectangular

by theoretically

Figure 4bl

is0

IS 13099: 1991 5458 : 1987

Indication

on the drawing

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Figure

!5al

Interpretation

The axis of each hole shall lie within a square tolerance zone of section 0,l x 0,l; the axes of the square tolerance zones are fixed by theoretically exact dimensions.

Figure

5bI

IS 13099
IS0 5458

: 1992
: 1987

3.7

Positional

tolerances

in all directions

The tolerance can be specified as a cylindrical zone [see figures 6a) and 6b)l.

Indication on the drawing

Jl, 30

cl30

cy

q
30

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Figure 6a)

Interpretation

30

I I=

30

_I_

30

The axis of each hole shall lie within a cylindrical tolerance zone of diameter 0,l; the axes of the cylindrical tolerance zones are fixed by theoretically exact dimensions.

Figure 6b)

This tolerancing~ method achieves a larger zone than the coordinate method whichean to!erance zone (see figure 7).

only generate a square (or rectangular)

NOTE - For cylindrical features of mating parts, the tolerance zone is usually cylindrical, as the tolerance is multi-directional from the theoretically exact location.

-57

% larger zone

Figure 7

IS 13099 : 1991 IS0 545%: 1987

Tolerance combinations

4.1 If a group of features is individually located by positional tolerancing and their pattern location by coordinate tolerances, each requirement shall be met independently [see figure 8a)l. 4.1.1 The distances between the actual axes of each left-hand hole and the left-hand edge shall lie between the two limits of size, 173 and 18.5. (Two-point measurement, see IS0 8015.1 The distances between the actual axis of each lower hole and the bottom edge shall lie between the limits of size, 15,5 and 165 [see figures 8a) and 8b)l. 4.1.2 The actual axis of each hole shall lie within the cylindrical tolerance zone of diameter 0.2; the positional tolerance zones are located in their theoretically exact location to each other [see figure &)I.

Indication on the drawing 4.x

06

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Figure 8aI

Interpretation

00,2 .z (pm

90 90 20 !!!!I+
Figure 8~)

&I
Figure 8b)

NOTE

This method

is subject to other possible interpretations.

If more specific interpretation

is desirable,

powtronal toleranong

and datum indica

tion may be used (see 4.21.

10

IS 13099 : 1991 JSO 5458 : 1987

4.2 If a group of features is individually located by positional tolerancing and their pattern location is also located by positional tolerancing, each requirement shall be met independently (see figure 9a)l. 4.2.1 The actual axis of each of the four holes shall lie within the cylindrical tolerance zone of diameter 0.01; the positional tolerance zones are located in their theoretically exact positions to each other and perpendicular to datum A [see figure 9b)I. 4.2.2 The actual axis of each hole shall lie within the cylindrical tolerance zone of diameter 0,2; the positional tolerance zones are located in their exact theoretical positions in relation to the simulated datums Y and Z [see figure 9c)l.

Indication on the drawing

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Figure 9aI

Interpretation

o,o,_k--pt
90 90 35

L-h +lYf?ir
8
Figure 9b)

Simulated datum 2

Figure 94

IS 13099 : 199-l IS0 5458:1987

Calculation

of positional

tolerances

5.1 Formulae for determining the required positional tolerances for internal and external features of mating parts to ensure that the parts will assemble are given in this clause. It is assumed for the calculations of these formulae that both internal and external features are of perfect form and orientation and at their,maximum material condition. On this basis, the formulae will give a no interference, no clearance fit when the mating features are at maximum material condition (MMC) and at their most unfavourable location within their positional tolerance zones. 5.2 a) For calculating positional tolerances, the tollowing two general cases exist : Floating fastener

Two or more parts to be assembled with fasteners, such as bolts and nuts. where all parts have clearance holes for the bolts (see figure 10).

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Figure 10

b)

Fixed fastener

One of the parts to be assembled has restrained fasteners, such as studs or bolts screwed into threaded holes lsee figure 1la)] or a dowel pin with an interference fit at one end lsee figure 1lb)].

Figure lla)

Figure 1lbJ

12

IS 13099: IS0

1991

5458 : 1987

1 5.3

The following symbols are used in the formulae : maximum material size of the external feature, e.g. the maximum diameter of the fastener maximum material size of the internal feature, e.g. the minimum diameter of the clearance hole positional tolerance (see figure 12)

F = H = T =

7
F
5.4

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Figure 12

The value of the positional tolerance is calculated using one of the following formulae :

For floating fasteners : T=H-F

For fixed fasteners : H-F 2

T=--

5.5

The formulae given in 5.4 also apply to keys and their mating slots, either,for floating keys or fixed (interference) keys.

13