CRIMPING CABLES

Equipment required

The following are the equipment required for crimping cables:

1) UTP cable
2) RJ-45 connector
3) Cable cutter
4) Crimping tool
5) Cable tester

1) UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) cable:

Most of the current twisted pair cables used in the networks are unshielded
twisted pair .
The main reason for UTP’s large-scale success is it’s use for telephone
system.
The cable specification for network based UTP cables is much higher than the
specification used for telephone systems.
You can lay a cable in every location in a building where you may need to use
a telephone or a pc, as the cables support both the telephone system and pc
network.
The electrical Industries Association (EIA) has standardized the specification of UTP to
Simplify its specification procedure and make it easily available for everyone.
Category Highest frequency Capacity
1 Not specified

2) RJ-45 connector:

RJ stands for Registered Jack .

RJ-11 and RJ-45 connectors are used by twisted pair cabling.
RJ-11 connectors have four contacts, which are used by two pair cabling while
RJ-45 has eight contacts, which are used by four pair cable.
RJ-11 connector is normally used for telephone systems while RJ-45 is
generally used for data networks.
Some of the proprietary networks use keyed RJ-45 connectors prevent improper
use of the connectors.
DB9 and IBMK data connectors are used with STP cabling for token ring
networks, while DB15 connectors are used for Ethernet networks.

Crimping Procedure:
 1)The correct type of cable must be selected and this must be stranded UTP for a
patch cable.
2)A suitable length of cable is cut.
3)At least 2 cm of the cable sheath has to be stripped to expose the inner
pairs.
4)Then the pair of cables has to be untwisted.
5) The colored wires should be placed in the correct order using the wiring
diagram, according to the standered color coding or EIA/TIA standards.
The inner wires should be cut such that they are exactly the same length and
just long enough to reach the RJ45 connector, with the bridge positioned over
the cable sheath.
The connectors has to be positioned with the spring lever at the bottom.

The wires are pushed into the connector such that the copper core should be
visible from the end of the connector.
The wires have to be checked to see if they are in the correct order.
The RJ45 connector is pushed into the crimping tool and the handles are
squeezed.
The cables are checked to see if they are pierced and the bridge is over the
cable sheath.
The same procedure is repeated for the other end of the cable.
The cable is tested using a cable tester.This is useful in identifying any
crossed wires or those which do not make contact.

Wiring for a UTP patch cable

The pairs of wires in UTP cable are colored so that you can identify the same
wire at each end.
Furthermore, they are usually color coded by pair so that pairs can also be
identified from end to end.
· Typical CAT5 UTP cables contain 4 pairs made up of a solid color and
the same solid color striped onto a white background
· The most common color scheme is the one that corresponds to the
Electronic Industry Association/Telecommunications Industry Association’s
Standard 568B.

CRIMPING CABLES(continued)

Fig .A
The most common color scheme is the one that

White / Orange >> White / Orange

Orange >> Orange
 White / Green >> White / Green
Blue >> Blue
White / Blue >> White / Blue
Green >> Green
White / Brown >> White / Brown
Brown >> Brown
Corresponds to the Electronic Industry Association or
Telecommunications Industry Association’s Standard 568B.
When the pairs are inserted into the RJ-45 plug the colors
Should be as shown in the table alongside.

Writing for UTP

patch cable

CRIMPING CABLES

Writing for a crossover cable

Fig. B

White / Orange >> White / Green

Orange >> Orange
White / Green >> White / Orange
Blue >> Blue
White / Blue >> White / Blue
Green >> Green
White / Brown >> White / Brown
Brown >> Brown

In order to make what is commonly referred to as a

‘Crossover’ cable one must change the pinout
connections on ONE end of cable.
If you do it on both ends of the cable you have
Crossed over the crossover and now have a straight-
Through cable, albeit a very non-standard one.

Writing for
crossover cable
STRUCTURED WIRING SYSTEMS

The computer network UTP is installed in the same manner as a telephone

installation.
The main components are as follow :
A network card With a socket for an RJ45 (four pair) or RJ11 (two pair)
connector.
A patch cable with the appropriate connector is used to link the network card
into a wall jack.
This must be a stranded cable so that it is flexible.
Since the attenuation of stranded cable is higher than
solid cable, the length of this cable should not exceed 32 feet.
· The cabling then passes into the wiring ducts as the back of the wall
outlets and is routed to the main computer room.
Solid core cables are used, as it is cheaper, has lower
attenuation and repeated flexible is not required.
· The cable is wired into the back of a patch panel in the computer room.
· Lastly, a patch cable connects the port on the front of the patch panel
to free port on the lab.
Here again, stranded cable should be used with a maximum length
of 32 feet.

STRUCTURED WIRING SYSTEMS

Wiring Techniques
The wall outer and the patch panel have a punch down block for each port.
The following steps have to be completed, to connect the wiring to a punch
down block:
As little sheath as possible (about 3cm) is removed and the pairs
are untwisted only for a maximum distance of half an inch. Note that excessive

untwisting will allow excessive crosstalk between

Strands and may result in problems.
The pairs are laid over the appropriate location on the punch
down block and block a punch tool is used to simultaneously make connections and
to cut

the strand to length.

There are two formats in the punch down blocks – Krone and 110.
Appropriate punch tools are required for different formats.
STRUCTURED WIRING SYSTEMS(continued)

The Electrical Industries Association introduced the EIA 568 specification in

1991.
This standard is called the ‘Commercial Building Telecommunications Wiring
Standard’.
This was the first non – proprietary networking scheme for network designers
and has later been revised and updated, culminating in the latest version on
the TIA/EIA 568A.