Homework

1 Due Thursday, January 20th at the start of class 1. Very small particles moving in fluids are known to experience a drag force proportional to speed. Consider a particle of net weight W dropped in a fluid. The fluid experiences a drag force, FD = kV, where V is the particle speed. Determine the time required for the particle to accelerate from rest to 95 percent of its terminal speed, Vt, in terms of k, W and g. Hint: Start with a force balance! Also, think what a terminal velocity means in terms of time. (10 pts)

 2. For each quantity listed, indicate dimensions using the MLTt system of dimensions. (7 pts) a) power b) modulus of elasticity c) angular momentum d) energy e) shear stress f) momentum g) specific heat

Note: they do not have to put units Im only looking for dimensions

3. Non-Newtonian fluids are those for which the shearing stress, , is not linearly related to the rate of shearing strain, . Experimental data is shown below for such a fluid at 30o C: (N/m2) (s-1) 0 0 10.3 50 31.2 100 90.3 150 154.8 200

Plot these data and fit it to an appropriate curve. What is the apparent viscosity when the rate of shearing strain is 120 s-1? Compare this viscosity to water at the same temperature. (20 pts)

apparent viscosity
180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 y = 0.0042x2 - 0.0585x + 0.3429 R = 0.99673

At = 120 s-1, apparent = .95 N-s/m2 Water is 7.975 *10-4 at that temperature. The unknown fluid has a much larger value.

d = apparent viscosity = .0084-.0585 d

4. A Newtonian fluid having a SG of 0.84 and a kinematic viscosity of 3 X 10-4 m2/s flows past a fixed (stationary) surface. The velocity profile is shown below. Determine the magnitude and direction of the shearing stress developed on the plate in terms of U (m/s) and (m). (13 pts 10 for the magnitude, 3 for the direction)

5. An unknown immiscible liquid seeps into the bottom of an open tank. The specific gravity of the fluid is 1.34 and the depth of the oil (SG = .867) floating on the top is 6.0 m. A pressure gage connected to the bottom of the tank reads 85 kPa. What is the depth of the unknown liquid? (15 pts) Given

pbottom

swoil 6 + swu h
3

swoil := .867 9.8 10

sg := 1.34
3

swu := sg 9.8 10
pbottom := 85 10
3

Find( h) 2.5906487968321657021