Heritage Assessment

CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENT REPORT
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Appendix C to Report PED06087

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5 Brock Street North, Dundas

City of Hamilton
Prepared by Sharon Vattay, Cultural Heritage Planner Community Planning and Design Section (Heritage and Urban Design)
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Development and Real Estate Division Planning and Economic Development Department
and Researched by Unterman McPhail Associates Heritage Resource Management Consultants
for the City of Hamilton LACAC (Municipal Heritage Committee)
December, 2005
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Page 2 of 20 CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENT REPORT: A READERS GUIDE This cultural heritage assessment report is prepared as part of a standard process that assists in determining the cultural heritage value of properties and their prospective merit for designation under the Ontario Heritage Act. This report is divided into eight sections. Section 1 comprises an introduction. Section 2, Property Location, briefly describes the physical location, legal
description and dimensions of the property. Section 3, Physiographic Context, contains a description of the physiographic region in which the subject property is located. Section 4, Settlement Context, contains a description of the broad historical development of the settlement in which the subject property is located as well as the development of the subject property itself. A range of secondary sources such as local histories and a variety of historical and topographical maps are used to describe settlement history the subject propertys key heritage characteristics. Primary sources such as oral histories are sometimes used. Section 5, Property Description, describes the subject propertys key heritage characteristics that provide the base information to be used in Section 6. Section 6, Cultural Heritage Evaluation, comprises a detailed evaluation of the subject property using the three sets of evaluation criteria: archaeology; built heritage; and, cultural heritage landscapes. Section 7, Cultural Heritage Value: Conclusions and Recommendations, comprises a brief summary of the Cultural Heritage Evaluation and provides a list of those criteria that have been satisfied in determining cultural heritage value. It also contains a recommendation as to whether or not the subject property should be designated under the Ontario Heritage Act. Section 8, Bibliography, comprises a list of sources used in the compilation of the report.
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5 Brock Street North, Dundas

City of Hamilton
TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1.0 Introduction 2.0 Property Location 3.0 Physiographic Context 4.0 Settlement Context 5.0 Property Description 6.0 Cultural Heritage Evaluation 6.1 Archaeology 6.2 Built Heritage 14 15 17 4 4 4 4 10
6.3 Cultural Heritage Landscapes
7.0 Cultural Heritage Value: Conclusions and Recommendations 7.1 Conclusions 7.2 Recommendation 8.0 Bibliography 18 19 19
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Page 4 of 20 1.0 INTRODUCTION This cultural heritage assessment examines the heritage attributes of the property located at 5 Brock Street in the former Town of Dundas, comprising a one and onehalf storey, stone residence built in 1857. The building is included on the City of Hamiltons Inventory of Buildings of Architectural and/or Historical Interest. The property has been evaluated according to a set of criteria, which was endorsed by the City of Hamilton Municipal Heritage Committee on June 19, 2003, and is used to identify the cultural heritage values of a property and to assess their significance. This evaluation assists in determining a propertys merit for designation under the Ontario Heritage Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. 0.18. 2.0 PROPERTY LOCATION The subject property, 5 Brock Street, is located in the Hatt Neighbourhood on the east side of Brock Street between King Street West and Park Street. (refer to Location Map attached as Appendix C-1, Figure 1). The lot is part of the Registered Comp. Plan 1443, Block 11, Part Lot 1 and part Lot 7 (Historic Block 3, Lot 1 and 7). The property has a lot frontage on Brock Street of 18.28 meters (60 feet) and a lot depth of 18.28 meters (60 feet), for a total lot area of 0.032 hectares 1 (0.08 acres), and contains a one and one-half storey, stone residence, the principal focus of this cultural heritage assessment. 3.0 PHYSIOGRAPHIC CONTEXT The subject property is located within the physiographic region known as the Iroquois Plain, the lowland bordering Lake Ontariothe earliest and most densely inhabited area in Ontarioand is situated in Dundas Valley, the most notable break in the southern portion of the Niagara Escarpment. easily accommodated land transportation routes and was thus a prime area for settlement and development. The property is approximately 118 metres (398 feet) above sea level.
The flat Iroquois Plain
4.0 SETTLEMENT CONTEXT First Nation Settlement
With the favourable physiographic setting and ameliorating climate, the Iroquois Plain and Dundas Valley have attracted human settlement for over 12,000 years. Prehistoric Native settlement of this area occurs early with Paleo-Indian and Early Archaic Cultures (12,000-7,000 BP). Middle and Late Archaic (7,000-3,000 BP) population sizes increased, more substantially in the following Woodland period (3,000-500 BP), typified by large Native villages interspersed with seasonal cabin
City of Hamilton GISNet, Municipal property assessment rolls (as accessed in July 2005). L.J. Chapman and D.F. Putnam, The Physiography of Southern Ontario (Ontario Geological
Survey, Special Volume 2, 1984): 190.
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Page 5 of 20 and hunting sites.
3
The intensity of the prehistoric occupation is represented by the density of

archaeology in the immediate locale. There are 27 registered archaeological sites within five kilometres of the subject property, encompassing small campsites through to large villages, and spanning Early Paleo-Indian to late-Woodland Neutral and Iroquoian cultures, in addition to historic Euro-Canadian occupations.
Typically, these occur close to watercourses or Cootes Paradise, or on nearby

historic estates. Most registered archaeological sites were identified in archaeological assessments of nearby land-developments or research projects of Cootes Paradise. Additional unregistered sites are present in areas not formally archaeologically assessed. The subject property comprises a one and one-half storey, stone residence. It is likely that archaeological sites in the immediate vicinity of the subject property were removed or destroyed without being recorded during the historical settlement and modern redevelopment of the Town of Dundas and of this site in particular. Euro-Canadian Settlement The Town of Dundas and the Hatt Street Neighbourhood Dundas rose to early prominence due to its strategic location in the Dundas Valley at the head of Lake Ontario. A town reserve at Cootes Paradise was surveyed as early as 1801. Although this planned town site was not used, a settlement did develop further to the west. The flatter topography and river courses at this more
favourable location to the west provided good access to land and water 5 transportation routes.
Early settlement saw the construction of a saw and gristmill on Spencer Creek and
Dundas soon became a milling and shipping centre. Over 200 people lived in Dundas by 1812 and businesses, such as a store, inn, tavern, distillery, cobbler and cooperage, served the local residents and neighbouring farmers. C-1, Figure 2 Map of 1827) By the middle of the nineteenth century, Dundas had grown from a small hamlet to a prominent shipping centre and manufacturing town. Its economic position was
3
(Appendix
Conserving a Future for our Past: Archaeology, Land Use Planning and Development in Ontario.
An Educational Primer and Comprehensive Guide for Non-Specialists. Ontario Society/Ministry of Citizenship, Culture and Recreation: 1998.
4
Ontario Ministry of Culture. Ontario Archaeological Sites Database. I.D. Brown and A.W. Brink, The Dundas Heritage (Dundas Heritage Association, 1970): np. Marilyn Miller and Joe Bucovetsky, The Valley Town: Surveying the urban heritage in Dundas,
Continuity for Change (Mark Fram and John Weiler, eds. Ontario Ministry of Culture and Recreation, 1981): 118.
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Page 6 of 20 enhanced with the opening of the Desjardins Canal in 1837, at which time, Dundas was officially considered to be the head of inland navigation, as the canal connected Dundas to the shipping trade on Lake Ontario. improved roads, Dundas superior transportation facilities allowed it to become the manufacturing centre of the region. Grist and flour mills increased capacity because flour, the prime cash crop, could be shipped to market cheaply and quickly. Sawmills boomed and the town served as a major shipping point for lumber. 8
7
With the canal and
Dundas was incorporated as a Town in 1847 and a Town Hall was constructed on
Main Street, formerly Bridge Street, in 1848. As Dundas continued to grow in the 1850s and 1860s the town developed a more sophisticated urban form. As the large residential lots were subdivided and built upon, a number of residential areas were created, including the Hatt Neighbourhood which covered about half of the town. (Appendix C-1, Figure 3) The predominant residential type in the
neighbourhood was the modest, vernacular housing for local workersthe most common type being the gabled cottage constructed between 1840 and 1890. arrival of the Hamilton & Dundas Street Railway in 1879 further encouraged residential development and allowed Dundas to develop as a dormitory community for Hamilton.
10
The
A number of important transportation changes in the 1850s severely curtailed

Dundas growth as a major centre and instead supported growth in neighbouring Hamiltonthese included the widening of the Burlington Beach Canal in 1852, which permitted ships that were too large to navigate the Desjardins Canal to enter Hamilton Harbour; the opening of the Great Western Railway in 1853, which essentially by-passed Dundas with a station high on a ravine north of the town; and, improvements to the Welland Canal and canalization of the Grand River, which drew business away from Dundas. Finally, the development of steam power negated Dundas earlier industrial predominance that had been based on water power. 11 Industries in Dundas adjusted the markets for their products and continued to grow at a much more modest rate. After 1890, the population of Dundas began to decline. Although a few major industries continued to employ many Dundas workers, the industrial importance of
7
T. Roy Woodhouse, The History of the Town of Dundas: 1831-1839 (Dundas Historical Society,
1967): 23 and 41.

8
Leather goods, carriages, furniture, paper and millstones were all manufactured in Dundas.
Textile and foundry industries, such as the Dundas Cotton Mills and John Gartshores foundry, were established during the boom years between 1830 and 1850 and became important businesses in the community. The Wheels of Progress (Dundas Historical Museum, 1980): 4.
9
Miller and Bucovestsky (1981): 153. Olive Newcombe, Picturesque Dundas Revisited (Dundas Historical Society, 1997): 133. Miller and Bucovestsky (1981): 125.
10
11
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Page 7 of 20 the Town continued to decline during the twentieth century. While the two World Wars brought temporary resurgence to local industries, by the latter part of the twentieth century, Dundas had been regenerated primarily as a residential centre.
12
5 Brock Street Site

Prominent citizen, Richard Hatt, can be credited with the settlement of Dundas. He 13 began acquiring land in Dundas Valley in 1800. His estate was later surveyed and subdivided, distributing some 5,617 acres of land and 414 town lots. property at Block 11, Lots 1 and 7, the location of the subject property, was among those created at this time. (Appendix C-1, Figure 4 1875 Atlas detail) On March 26, 1840, the heirs of Richard Hatt signed a lease for lands, which included Block 11, Lot 1 and 7, with William H. Draper. The following day, on March 27, 1840, Draper released ownership of the lands, including Block 11, Lot 1 and 7, to Margaret M. Hatt. In 1849, Margarets husband, Alfred H. Coulson, was given power of attorney over the lands.
15 14
The
The Marcus Smith map of 1851 shows a number of buildings north and south of
King Street West in the area of Brock Street. (Appendix C-1, Figure 5 1851 Marcus Smith map) They appear to be smaller residences and modest workers cottages. This map also shows two buildings on Block 11, Lot 1. A primary building is located on the southwest corner of the lot, while a second, smaller, building is shown in the southeast corner of the lot. The name C. Smith is noted on the map, however, land records indicate that the Coulsons still owned the 16 property at this time.
12 Miller and Bucovestsky (1981): 129.

13
T. Roy Woodhouse, The History of the Town of Dundas, Part I of a Series (Dundas Historical
Society, 1965): 16.

14
Surveyed by Robert W. Kerr D.P.S for the heirs of the estate, and administered by his close
friends, Ralph Leeming and Doctor James Hamilton, the estate was divided on March 27, 1840. The Hatt Family Tree, Notes on Hatt, Richard II Esq. www.larryhatt.com/Hattweb6/n_0.htn#5
15
Wentworth County Land Registry Office Records, Abstract Index Books, Dundas, v1 (1) 1840,
1865. Margaret Matilda Hatt, the last child of Richard Hatt II and Mary Kate Cooley, was born in Ancaster on September 26, 1819, after her fathers death. She married Alfred H. Coulson of Toronto in St. James Church, Dundas in January 1847. (The Hatt Family Tree).
16
Dundas, Wentworth County, Assessment Rolls (Valley Ward), 1853 to 1859. Although local
histories refer to Daniel Fields as the owner of the frame house on Brock Street, Block 11, Lot 1, the Marcus Smith map (1851) denotes Fields as the owner of a house on Brock Street south of King Street West, that is, on Block 20, Lot 1. Assessment rolls in the early 1850s note Fields leased two frame houses on Brock Street. These are most likely then the buildings shown on Block 20, Lot 1 in the 1851 map. Because these frame houses are still being assessed in the late 1850s, while, at the same time a stone house, owned by Powers on Brock Street, is also being assessed, it can therefore be surmised that the buildings are not one in the same, and therefore Fields was not the first owner of the property at 5 Brock Street North.
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Page 8 of 20 In January 1856 Alfred F. Coulson and Isaac Gilmour sold Block 11, Lot 1 and other land, to James Hamilton, a physician from West Flamborough and a close
17 family friend of the Hatt family. Meanwhile, Lot 7 was purchased by Isaac 18 Latchaw, a local cabinetmaker. By the end of the year, Michael and Mary Power purchased Lot 1 and the premises through an indenture of bargain and sale by
way of a mortgage from merchant Thomas H. MacKenzie (in 1870 they would 19 acquire the vacant neighbouring lot, Lot 7).
Michael Power is first listed as a resident of Dundas in 1856. Michael Power and
his wife, Mary Fitzgerald, were born in Waterford County, Ireland, in 1821 and 1820, respectively, and were residing in Upper Canada by 1851. assessment records indicate Power worked as a section boss for the Great Western Railway and as a street foreman in Dundas. While the 1856 Assessment Rolls note that Power was the owner of a shanty dwelling on Mountain Street, in the following year he is recorded as the owner of a stone house on Brock Street. This is the first reference to a stone house located on Brock Street. The real property value of the Brock Street property was assessed as 42 in 1858. Thus, the present stone residence, the subject property, was most likely built 1857-58, replacing the earlier (likely frame) building shown on the Marcus Smith Map of 1851. Assessment Rolls throughout the 1860s record Power as the owner and occupant of a stone house on Brock Street, Block 11, Lot 1 with a value of $400. stone house had exterior roughcast applied some time in the early 1870s, and it
20
Census and
21
This
17
Dundas, Wentworth County, Deeds, Vol. B, 1856-1864, Instrument No. 179: January 10, 1856,
registered November 8, 1858 from A. F. Coulson to James Hamilton. The property was sold for 155.
18
Wentworth County Land Registry Office Records, Abstract Index Books, Dundas, v1 (1) 1840-
1865.
19
Dundas, Wentworth County, Deeds, Vol. B. 1856-1864, Instrument No. 11: December 2, 1856,
registered June 23, 1857 from Thomas MacKenzie to Michael Power et ux. The property was bought for 69.10.0. The document mentions the transference of both land and premises on Lot 1, Block 11 to Michael Power. The acquisition of Lot 7 is noted in the Assessment Rolls for 1870.
20
Saint Augustines Cemetery, Dundas, Ontario, Wentworth County, West Flamborough Township-
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Hamilton Branch Cemetery. (Ontario Genealogical Society) All five of their children were born in Upper Canada (see Family History File, re: Michael Power and Daniel Fields, in Dundas Historical Museum). The children were Margaret (born September 20, 1851), Patrick (born December 26, 1853), Mary Agnes (born December 23, 1855), Thomas Edward (born 1856), and Catherine Frances Josephine (confirmed in August 1862).
21
Dundas, Wentworth County, Assessment Rolls (Valley Ward), 1868 and 1869.
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Page 9 of 20 remained so until into the twentieth century.
22
In 1878 a new frame kitchen wing
was added to the original stone building, increasing the real property value to $650. 23
The following year, 1879, Power and his family moved out of 5 Brock Street and
relocated to a two-storey, brick house on the corner of King and Brock Streets. Power owned this property and the house located there, formerly occupied by machinist Daniel Boyle. Indeed, it appears that Power and Boyle swapped houses for about 3 years as Boyle and his family are recorded as residing in 5 Brock Street 24 North from 1879 to 1881. The Power family returned to 5 Brock Street North in 1882 and remained there until the late 1880s, at which time Power moved to 25 Buffalo, New York. He retained ownership of the house though, leasing it out to various tenants, until 1897, at which time James Clark bought the property.
26
A common denominator with the tenants/owners of this building was their

occupation, that being, labourers. Michael Power (owner) worked for the Great Western Railway; Daniel Boyle (tenant) was a machinist; John Boyle (tenant) was a labourer and his two daughters worked at a knitting mill, while his son was a labourer; and James Clark (owner) was a freight collector and machinist, his daughters worked as dressmakers and tailoresses and his son as a labourer. Gordon and Merle Caughill bought Block 11, Part Lot 1, from the Executors of James Clark in April 1938 for $1, and they owned the property into the late 1940s. Gerald and Rita Finch owned 5 Brock Street North prior to 1950 until 1977. The present owners, Thomas G. Dexter and Nancy Dexter, bought 5 Brock Street North
22
The Assessment Roll of 1870 records a one and one-half storey, frame building with a value of
$400. The reference to a frame building may be in error due to the stone walls being masked by the roughcast. The Assessment Roll for 1872 describes a house on Block 11, Lot 1 as a one and one-half storey, roughcast house. The Census Return for 1901 continues to refer to a roughcast house on Block 11, Lots 1 and 7 and evidence of the roughcast still exists on some portions of the
building. Dundas, Wentworth County, Assessment Rolls (Valley Ward), 1870 and 1872.
23
Dundas, Wentworth County, Assessment Rolls (Valley Ward), 1878. Dundas, Wentworth County, Assessment Rolls (Valley Ward) 1878 and 1879. The Census
24
Return for 1881 notes machinist Daniel Boyle, his wife, Margaret, and children, Mary, Margaret and Annie, as a household in Dundas.
25
Power died in Buffalo in February 1907 and is buried in the St. Augustine Cemetery, Dundas.
Mary Fitzgerald Power had died on March 22, 1885 and is also buried in St. Augustines. Saint Augustines Cemetery, Dundas, Ontario, Wentworth County, West Flamborough TownshipHamilton Branch Cemetery. (Ontario Genealogical Society)
26
Clark, a Scottish born railway switchman, first leased the property from Powers (from 1895 to
1897) and then purchased it in April 1897 for $625. The 1901 Census Return notes that Clark lived in an eight room roughcast house on Lots 1 and 7, Block 11. Dundas, Wentworth County, Assessment Rolls (Valley Ward) 1895-1897. See also Wentworth County Land Registry Office Records, Abstract Index Books, Dundas, v1 (2) 1866-1950, Block 11, Lot 1; and, Federal Census Return, Wentworth County, Dundas, 1881, A-1: 35; 1891, B-1: 4; 1901, D-4: 7); and 1911: 28.
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Page 10 of 20 as joint tenants from the Finches in May 1977. Contemporary Context Today the property is in very much the same context that it was when it was built. It is the only residence on the east side of Brock Street between King and Park Streets. (Appendix C-1, Figure 6) An early twentieth century house, located to the south of the subject property, faces onto King Street West. To the north, another early twentieth century residence faces onto Park Street. The west side of Brock Street contains a nineteenth century brick house facing onto King Street West, together with a public utilities building with parking area. The building is today considered a noteworthy example of a Type 1 stone cottage in the Hatt Neighbourhood, this according to the Ministry of Citizenship and 28 Cultures study on Dundas. Type 1 was defined in this study as a gabled cottage, detached or semi-detached, constructed between circa 1830 to WWII. Other local history publications have also included descriptions and images of this residence.
27
In 2005, the house was leased.
29
5.0 PROPERTY DESCRIPTION

The property located at 5 Brock Street comprises a one and one-half storey stone
residence built 1857-58. (Appendix C-1, Figure 7) The designer/builder/architect is not known. This building is characteristic of the vernacular late-Georgian cottage stylea style popular in Ontario from 1784 to 1860. Buildings in the Georgian style are characterized by uncluttered designs based on an adherence to conventional rules of symmetry and proportion. House facades are formally arranged with an equal balance of parts (doors and windows) on either side of a central motif, in this case, 30 the central entrance with rectangular transom light. Double-hung windows, here eight over twelve, and side-gable roofs are also common characteristics of this style. The building is a good example of an early, detached workers cottage and an excellent example of local stone workmanship from the mid-nineteenth century.
27
Land Registry Office, Lot 1, Block 11, Dundas Plan 1 (3), Reel E265: 105; and Lot 1, Block 11,
Dundas Plan 1, 1443, Reel E102, sheet no. 81.

28
Miller and Bucovetsky (1981): 132. See for example Darrell Norris, Beyond Paradise: Building Dundas, 1793-1950 (Town of
29
Dundas, 1996): 42; and D. Norris et al., It Takes all Types to Make a Town: A Social History of Dundas Houses (September 1977): 45.
30
John Blumenson, Ontario Architecture: A Guide to Styles and Building Terms 1784 to the Present
(Toronto: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 1990): 5.
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Page 11 of 20 The residence is almost square in plan with a width of approximately 9.1 meters (30 feet) across the front and a depth of 8.5 meters (28 feet). A one-storey kitchen wing, added in 1878, extends off the back of the building. All door and window openings are rectangular in shape. The low slope side gable, asphalt shingled roof has a moderate overhang. A large, coursed dressed stone chimney with a decorative cap is located on the south side of the gable roof. A simple, triangular, stone corbel or bracket, which has been created by a projecting and cantilevered course of masonry from the face of the wall, is found on all four corners of the main building. (Appendix C-1, Figure 8)
The exterior stone walls of the front elevation exhibit a careful selection of suitable stone, set compactly in approximate levels and internally coursed with a harmony of surface and colour, to create a solid unified structure. Undressed limestone of varied shape and size have been laid to create a relatively continuous horizontal coursing pattern on all elevations, with less attention to the matching of stone size and coursing on the north and south elevations and particularly on the east elevation. Smaller pieces of stone have been used to fill in the irregularities in the course levels. Between the entrance and the north ground floor window and to the south of the south ground floor window, very large and noticeable stone pieces have been used in the coursing. The north and south exterior walls exhibit wide spread cavitation and erosion of the stone due to the irregular surface and striated surface of the local limestone. The mortar joints consist of ribbon pointing, flatsurfaced relief bands, approximately one-half inch wide, slightly raised above the face of the stone. As noted above, the stone building was once covered with an exterior roughcast coating applied some time in the 1870s and remaining into the early twentieth century. Traces of the former coating are visible on the exterior stonework of the west, north and south elevations. The existing ribbon mortar joint detailing dates from the twentieth century after the removal of the roughcast coating. The windows have dressed stone lug sills and lintels with a narrow margin of corrugated texture of about one inch enclosing a scrabbled surface panel. The side trim of the windows consists of large oblong-like slabs of stone dressed with a narrow margin of corrugated texture. (Appendix C-1, Figure 9) Building Evolution A few changes have been made to the structure since its original date of construction. The rear kitchen wing was added in 1878. Currently sheathed in stone, the addition was originally built of frame construction and continued to be recorded as frame construction in 1951 as noted in the Insurance Plan. (Appendix C-1, Figure 10) The stone cladding was applied some time after 1951, as evidenced in the type of stone, the masonry details, the concrete window and door sills and lintels, and the size and style of the window openings. Another alteration includes the
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modern addition/conservatory structure which was added to the south side of the rear kitchen wing some time after 1951.
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Building Description
Front/West Elevation The west/front elevation is a symmetrical, three bay configuration with a central entrance flanked by a single window opening on either side. (Appendix C-1, Figure 7) Stone quoins and a stone frieze frame the elevation. The window openings have large wood sash windows with eight over twelve lights and wood storm sash with two-over-two lights. The main entranceway is recessed with a deep stone embrasure. It has a wood panel door and a rectangular transom with six lights. The door opening height measures approximately 2.4 meters (8 feet) from the threshold stone to the underside of the opening. The surface of the stone threshold is tooled. The roof has a built-up wood cornice located above the dressed stone frieze. The cornice has been repaired with new wood. Two large, early twentieth century wood frame gable dormers are aligned symmetrically on the roof above the two ground floor windows.
32
South Elevation
The south elevation has two original window openings, a single ground floor window towards the front of the building and a smaller second floor window set in the gable end. (Appendix C-1, Figure 11) The ground floor window has a wood sash with eight-over-twelve lights, and a wood storm window of two over two lights. Both openings have original stone sills, lintels and side trim similar in detail to the front elevation window openings. The masonry workmanship on this side elevation is less well-detailed than that of the front. The conservatory structure, dating from the second half of the twentieth century, is attached to the south side of the rear kitchen wing. (Appendix C-1, Figure 12) The sloped wall of modern metal siding construction has three large window openings. A former window opening and exterior door opening in the original kitchen wing are now located inside this conservatory structure. North Elevation The north elevation of the main residence has a double, multi-pane window on the ground floor. (Appendix C-1, Figure 13) A second floor window is located in the
31
The Insurance Plan of 1951 (Underwriters Survey Bureau, Limited, Plate 2) does not show the
addition.
32
According to D. Norris these were added after 1919. D. Norris, It takes all Types to make a
Town: A Social History of Dundas Houses (September 1977): 45.

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Page 13 of 20 gable peak. The second floor window has a wood sash with six-over-six lights and is accented by a tooled, stone lintel, side trim and sill. There is some evidence of the earlier roughcast coating on the lower masonry wall. As with the south elevation, the masonry workmanship on this side elevation is less well-detailed. A one-storey, gable roof kitchen wing runs eastward from the rear of the main house. (Appendix C-1, Figure 14) It measures approximately 7.9 meters (26 feet) deep by 6 meters (20 feet) wide and extends almost to the rear of the property line. The north elevation of this wing contains a recessed porch, set back about five feet from the wall plane of the north elevation of the main residence. The porch is approximately 5.2 meters (17 feet) in length. The ceiling of the porch recess is finished in tongue and groove wood boards. Two entrances to the building are located within this porchone on the right and the other on the left, end of the porch. All of the door and window openings on the kitchen wing have concrete sills and lintels. This kitchen wing was originally built of frame construction, and the present stone cladding was most likely added after 1951 as evidenced in the type of stone, the masonry details, the concrete window and door sills and lintels, and the size and style of the window openings. Rear/East Elevation The rear elevation is comprised of the gable end of the kitchen wing along with the side wall of the modern conservatory addition. (Appendix C-1, Figure 15) The rear elevation of the kitchen wing is of stone construction, while the gable end is covered in board siding. A single window is located on the ground floor and a smaller window is located in the peak of the gable end.
6.0 CULTURAL HERITAGE EVALUATION Since amendment in 2002, the Ontario Heritage Act now enables municipalities to designate property of cultural heritage value or merit that is real property including buildings and structures.
On June 19, 2003, the City of Hamilton Municipal Heritage Committee endorsed a set of evaluation criteria for use in assessing cultural heritage resources. The application of these criteria assists in determining the cultural heritage value of a property and its prospective merit for designation under the Ontario Heritage Act. The subject property has been evaluated against these criteria (Archaeology, Built Heritage, and Cultural Heritage Landscapes) as follows:
6.1 ARCHAEOLOGY Identified or potential archaeological resources can be considered as values meriting inclusion into the reasons for designation of a property. A set of twelve
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Page 14 of 20 criteria is used to evaluate an archaeological site or measure archaeological potential to determine what attributes, if any, warrant designation under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act. The first eleven criteria for designation of an archaeological site are predicated on the presence of an archaeological site. In the case of 5 Brock Street North, there are no registered or reported archaeological sites located on the subject property. As a result, only the archaeological potential criterion applies in this assessment. Cultural Definition: N/A Temporal Integrity: N/A Site Size: N/A Site Type: N/A Site Integrity: N/A Historical Association: N/A Archaeological Potential The subject property comprises a one and one-half storey building, situated in an urban context first developed in the mid-nineteenth century. Based on the history and intensity of development and redevelopment activities, both on the subject property and in the area overall, the lot has experienced considerable disturbance and therefore has minimal archaeological potential and therefore this criteria is not satisfied. Site Setting: N/A Site Socio-political Value: N/A Site Uniqueness: N/A Site Rarity: N/A Site Human Remains: N/A Archaeological Potential: Applicable
6.2 BUILT HERITAGE A set of twelve criteria is used to identify and assess the built heritage values of property. Ten of the criteria were applicable in the case of 5 Brock Street North and all ten were satisfied. Historical Associations Thematic: Applicable Event: Not Applicable Person and/or Group: Applicable Architecture and Design Architectural Merit: Applicable Functional Merit: Applicable Designer: Not Applicable Integrity Location Integrity: Applicable Built Integrity: Applicable Environmental Context Landmark: Applicable Character: Applicable Setting: Applicable Social Value Public Perception: Applicable
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HISTORICAL ASSOCIATIONS Thematic As a very good example of the representative housing stock built in Dundas for the burgeoning working class of the time, the subject property is associated with the broad historical theme of the economic and industrial development of the Town of Dundas in the mid-nineteenth century. Accordingly, this criterion has been satisfied. Event Research to date reveals that there are no significant events associated with the subject property. Person and/or Group
The property is mainly associated with various labourers associated with the economic and industrial history of Dundas. Michael Power owned the property from 1857 to 1897. Power worked as a section boss for the Great Western Railway and as a street foreman in Dundas. He then leased the house to various skilled workmen of Dundas. Accordingly, this criterion has been satisfied. ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN Architectural Merit Built in 1847, this vernacular, late-Georgian style, stone residence is a welldesigned example of a one and one-half storey, workers cottage with some notable design characteristics. It is also a very good example of local stone workmanship. Accordingly, this criterion has been satisfied. Functional Merit The subject building was erected for the use of a working class family and served this purpose throughout its existence. Accordingly, this criterion has been satisfied. Designer The builder, designer and/or architect are not known at this time. Further research on the local masonry builders in Dundas in the 1850s may reveal information as to the builder. Integrity Location Integrity The subject building remains in its original location on the east side of Brock Street between King Street West and Park Street. Accordingly, this criterion has been satisfied.
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Built Integrity The main section of the residence retains its original rectangular plan and three bay front elevation. The principal change to the main stone building is the addition of front roof dormers circa 1919. This change is sufficiently old enough to be
viewed as part of the buildings character and history. Post 1951 alterations include the stone cladding on the frame kitchen wing and related window opening alterations to the kitchen wing and the northeast corner of the main house. A post 1951 conservatory addition on the west side of the kitchen wing is not visible from Brock Street and therefore does not detract from the historical character of the building. These alterations have not compromised the overall composition or architectural quality of the residence. Accordingly, this criterion has been satisfied. Environmental Context Landmark The subject building is considered a familiar landmark in the neighbourhood due to its architectural and visual merit. Accordingly, this criterion has been satisfied. Character The subject property is located in an area that retains its historic, residential character. The subject building thus contributes to the character of the streetscape. It is well- integrated with its surroundings and landscape. Accordingly this criterion has been satisfied. Setting Originally, the subject property included all of the lands of Lots 1 and 7 stretching along Brock Street North, from King Street West to Park Street. The northerly and southerly portions of Lots 1 and 7 respectively were developed and built upon in the early twentieth century. The remaining property has maintained its relationship to the public walkway and road along Brock Street. A stone wall on the west side of the property, built in the twentieth century after the property subdivision, still exists. Accordingly, this criterion has been satisfied. SOCIAL VALUE Public Perception The subject property was identified as a noteworthy example of a Type 1 stone cottage in the Hatt Neighbourhood in the Ontario Ministry of Citizenship and Cultures study, The Valley Town: Surveying the urban heritage in Dundas, undertaken in the 1980s. It has been recognized as a property of potential cultural heritage value by the City of Hamilton and is included in the City of Hamiltons Inventory of Buildings of Historical and/or Architectural Interest. It was also included on the earlier Town of Dundas Heritage Inventory. A description of the
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Page 17 of 20 residence has been including in a number of local architectural histories and tour brochures. Therefore, this criterion has been satisfied.
6.3 CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES Cultural Heritage Landscapes can be considered as values meriting inclusion into the reasons for designation of property. A set of nine criteria is used to determine which cultural heritage landscape values and attributes, warrant designation under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act as a Cultural Heritage Landscape. The application of criteria for designation of a property as a Cultural Heritage Landscape depends upon the propertys characteristics. Types of cultural heritage landscapes that have been identified for prospective inventory and evaluation work are as follows: Farm complex Hamlet Commercial core/streetscape Industrial complex Cemetery/church/rectory or other religious complex Private garden/estate Roadscape Residential area The subject property at 5 Brock Street North is currently, and was historically, surrounded by residential buildings of varying ages and architectural styles. However, in the assessment, only the subject building and its immediate lot are being evaluated for its cultural heritage value. Accordingly, the subject property is not considered to be a cultural heritage landscape for the purposes of this assessment and evaluation. Agricultural fairground Waterscape Railway Abandoned road r.o.w. Public park
7.0 CULTURAL HERITAGE VALUE: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 7.1 Conclusions The subject property satisfies 10 of the 10 criteria pertaining to built heritage: Thematic: The property is associated with the broad historical theme of the economic and industrial development of the Town of Dundas in the mid-nineteenth century and it is representative of the housing stock built in the town for the
burgeoning working class of the time. Person and/or Group: The property is associated with a number of working class labourers including Michael Power who was a section boss for the Great Western Railway.
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Architectural Merit: Built in 1847, this vernacular, late-Georgian style stone residence is a well-designed example of a one and one-half storey, workers cottage and is also a good example of local stone workmanship. Functional Merit: The residence was erected as a working class family home and is still in residential use today. Location Integrity: The building remains in its original location on Brock Street North. Built Integrity: The main section of the residence retains its original rectangular plan and three bay front elevation. Two dormers were added in the early twentieth century. The kitchen wing, added in 1878 was reclad with stone in the twentieth century and a conservatory addition, post-1951, is not visible from the street. Landmark: The subject building is considered a familiar landmark in the neighbourhood due to its architectural and visual merit. Character: The building is in an area that retains its historic, residential character and contributes to the streetscape. Setting: The original setting has not been greatly altered from the original concept. Public Perception: The property was a noteworthy example of a Type 1 stone cottage in the Hatt Neighbourhood in the Ministry of Citizenship and Cultures study on Dundas. It has been included in a number of publications on Dundas and the Town of Dundas Heritage Inventory. 7.2 Recommendation identified as
The building located at 5 Brock Street North, in the former Town of Dundas, is concluded to be a property of cultural heritage value for the purposes of the Ontario Heritage Act and is recommended for designation under Part IV. 8.0 Bibliography
Publications Blumenson, John. Ontario Architecture: A Guide to Styles and Building Terms 1784 to the Present. Toronto: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 1990. Brown, I.D. and A.W. Brink. The Dundas Heritage. Dundas Heritage Association, 1970. Chapman, L.J. and D.F. Putnam, The Physiography of Southern Ontario. Ontario Geological Survey, Special Volume 2, 1984.
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Miller, Marilyn and Joe Bucovetsky, The Valley Town: Surveying the urban heritage in Dundas. Continuity for Change. Mark Fram and John Weiler, eds. Ontario Ministry of Culture and Recreation, 1981. Newcombe, Olive. Picturesque Dundas Revisited. Dundas Historical Society, 1997. Norris, D. It Takes all Types to make a Town: A Social History of Dundas Houses. 1977. -----. Beyond Paradise: Building Dundas, 1793-1950. Town of Dundas, 1996. Woodhouse, T. Roy. The History of the Town of Dundas: 1831-1839. Dundas Historical Society, 1867. The Wheels of Progress. Dundas Historical Museum, 1980. Maps Marcus Smith, Map of the Town of Dundas, 1851
Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of Wentworth Ontario, 1875 Insurance Plan of Dundas, Ontario, 1951 Miscellaneous City of Hamilton GISNet, Municipal property assessment rolls (as assessed July 2005). Conserving a Future for our Past: Archaeology, Land Use Planning and Development in Ontario. An Educational Primer and Comprehensive Guide for Non-Specialists. Ministry of Citizenship, Culture and Recreation, 1998. Dundas, Wentworth County, Assessment Rolls (Valley Ward) 1853-1897 (Archives of Ontario, GS 1438 and 1439) Dundas, Wentworth County, Deeds, Vol B. 1856-1864 (Archives of Ontario, GS 1452) Federal Census Return, Wentworth County, Dundas, 1881, A-1; 1889, B-1; 1901, D-4; 1911 Ontario Ministry of Culture. Ontario Archaeological Sites Database. Saint Augustines Cemetery, Dundas, Ontario, Wentworth County, West
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Page 20 of 20 Flamborough Township Hamilton Branch, Ontario Genealogical Society Wentworth County Land Registry Office Records, Abstract Index Books, Dundas, v1 (1) 1840, 1865; (2) 1866-1950 (Archives of Ontario)

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CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENT REPORT

: cultural heritage evaluation

Appendix C to Report PED06087

CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENT REPORT

5 Brock Street North, Dundas

CULTURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENT REPORT

and Researched by Unterman McPhail Associates Heritage Resource Management Consultants

for the City of Hamilton LACAC (Municipal Heritage Committee)

Appendix C to Report PED06087

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Appendix C to Report PED06087

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5 Brock Street North, Dundas

6.3 Cultural Heritage Landscapes

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The flat Iroquois Plain

4.0 SETTLEMENT CONTEXT First Nation Settlement

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Survey, Special Volume 2, 1984): 190.

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The intensity of the prehistoric occupation is represented by the density of

Typically, these occur close to watercourses or Cootes Paradise, or on nearby

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With the canal and

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A number of important transportation changes in the 1850s severely curtailed

1967): 23 and 41.

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5 Brock Street Site

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12 Miller and Bucovestsky (1981): 129.

Society, 1965): 16.

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In 1878 a new frame kitchen wing

A common denominator with the tenants/owners of this building was their

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Appendix C to Report PED06087

In 2005, the house was leased.

5.0 PROPERTY DESCRIPTION

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Dundas Plan 1, 1443, Reel E102, sheet no. 81.

(Toronto: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 1990): 5.

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Town: A Social History of Dundas Houses (September 1977): 45.

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