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You can use document splitting to automatically split line items for selected dimensions (such as receivable lines by profit center) or to effect a zero balance setting in the document for selected dimensions. In document splitting, the system creates additional clearing lines. Document splitting enables you to draw up complete financial statements for the following dimensions at any time: Segments Profit centers Business areas Funds Receivables Customer-defined dimension (customer field) You can, for example, create a segmented display of a (partial) balance sheet according to a set of legal requirements (for example, IAS or US GAAP) or according to areas of responsibility (such as profit centers). In addition, you can allocate at the time of posting additional costs (such as realized or valuated exchange rate differences) to the CO-relevant account assignment objects to which the costs relate. You can also subsequently capitalize fixed assets at the time of posting. Implementation Considerations The implementation of document splitting requires careful analysis of your business processes, identification of the relevant business transactions, and in many cases the adaptation of document types. For more information, seeMigration to New General Ledger Accounting and Migration with Document Splitting. If you have upgraded the SAP system, classic Financial Accounting is still active and continues to function as before. Furthermore, if you would like to migrate to new General Ledger Accounting, consult SAP Note 812919. If you already use new General Ledger Accounting in your production system and now want to implement document splitting subsequently, you need to use the General Ledger Migration Cockpit with scenario 6. For more information, see Subsequent Implementation of Document Splitting. If you want to make subsequent changes to document splitting, consult SAP Note 891144. Integration Document splitting is a function of new General Ledger Accounting (as of SAP ERP 5.0). It is comparable with document splitting for special purpose ledgers (FI-SL). Document splitting uses document splitting characteristics as account assignment objects to portray the dimensions. Document splitting has an effect on subsequent processes, such as closing operations, and on processes in Controlling (CO). The following figure shows the data flow of documents when document splitting is applied:
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Data Flow of Documents For more information on the Accounting interface, see Interfaces to Accounting (AC). Features Document splitting is based on the unique assignment of document types to predefined, non-modifiable business transactions (or their attributes in a business transaction variant) as well as on the assignment of accounts to predefined, non-modifiable item categories. The item categories are used to define document splitting rules, which, depending on the business transaction, determine which items of a document the system splits and how. A document splitting rule is assigned to a document splitting method. To activate document splitting, assign a document splitting method. A document splitting method contains the document splitting rules that the system uses to split documents.
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Document Splitting The standard delivery contains a standard document method that you can use in most cases unchanged. However, you can also define your own document splitting rules and methods so as to adapt the standard document method to meet your requirements. For more information, see Document Splitting Method. Document Splitting Process Document splitting runs as follows: 1. When making a posting, the system determines from the document type the underlying business transaction, assigns the item category to the individual items within the document, and checks whether the item categories are permitted for that business transaction. 2. The system creates a reference to preceding documents (such as clearing and invoice reference). The system applies the account assignments that you have defined as document splitting characteristics for General Ledger Accounting. For more information, see Passive Document Splitting. 3. Depending on the classification of the document, the system applies the related document splitting rule for the document in which it is specified how the document is split and for which line items. For more information, seeActive Document Splitting. 4. If the system cannot determine the account assignments of the document splitting characteristics for individual line items, it can determine the account assignments either by inheritance or by using a standard account assignment. This can be necessary if the required information is not yet available when the posting occurs. You can use account assignment inheritance or standard account assignment to simplify document splitting. For more information, see Enhancement Logic.
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5.
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Document splitting then creates the following document in the general ledger view: Document in General Ledger View Posting Key 31 31 40 40 Account Payables Payables Expense Expense Segment 0001 0002 0001 0002 Amount 40.00 60.00 40.00 60.00
Example 2: Payment The payment for the above vendor invoice then contains the following items when entered: Payment During Entry Posting Key 50 25 50 50 Account Bank Vendor Cash discount received Cash discount received 0001 0002 Segment Amount 95.00100.00 2.003.00-
Document splitting then creates the following document in the general ledger view: Document in General Ledger View Posting Key 50 50 25 25 50 50 Account Bank Bank Payables Payables Cash discount received Cash discount received Segment 0001 0002 0001 0002 0001 0002 Amount 38.0057.0040.00 60.00 2.003.00-
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