AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENTS FOR LIGHT SPORTS AIRCRAFT (LSA)

AIR NAVIGATION ORDER

VERSION : DATE OF IMPLEMENTATION : OFFICE OF PRIME INTEREST :

1.0 10-11-2009 Airworthiness Directorate

10/11/2009

ANO-018-AWXX-1.0

AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENTS FOR LIGHT SPORTS AIRCRAFT (LSA)

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AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENTS FOR LIGHT SPORTS AIRCRAFT (LSA)

A.

AUTHORITY:

A1. This ANO is issued by Director General Civil Aviation Authority in pursuance of powers vested in him under Rule 4, 5, 16, 27, 33, 360 and all other enabling provisions of Civil Aviation Rules 1994.

B.

PURPOSE:

B1. PCAA has adopted new standards for the manufacturing, certification and maintenance of light sport aircraft. The standards have been implemented as a result of other Airworthiness Authorities such as FAA, EASA, CASA, etc adopting similar standards to address advances in sport and recreational aviation technology. The intended effect of the rules covering these standards is to allow the manufacture of safe and economical aircraft, to be operated for the purpose of sport and recreation, to carry a passenger, to conduct flight training and glider towing.

C.

SCOPE:

C1. This Air Navigation Order prescribes requirements concerning the manufacturing and certification of Light Sport Aircraft (Both S-LSA & E-LSA) and describes the CAA role in the certification process. C2. The category of Light Sport Aircraft includes aeroplanes, gliders, weight shift aircraft such as trikes and powered parachutes, and lighter-than-air aircraft such as balloons and airships.

D.
D1.

DESCRIPTION:
DEFINITIONS:

The following definitions are relevant for this ANO D1.1 Authorized person: means Director Airworthiness or an employee of Civil Aviation Authority, duly authorized by him. D1.2 Competent Authority: means the Director General Civil Aviation Authority (DG CAA) or an employee of Civil Aviation Authority, duly authorized by him. D1.3 Consensus Standard: means, for the purpose of certificating light-sport aircraft, an industrydeveloped consensus standard that applies to aircraft design, production, and airworthiness. It includes, but is not limited to, standards for aircraft design and performance, required equipment, manufacturer quality assurance systems, production acceptance test procedures, operating instructions, maintenance and inspection procedures, identification and recording of major repairs and major alterations, and continued airworthiness. D1.4 E-LSA: means Experimental Light Sport Aircraft issued with Experimental Certificate of Airworthiness for Kit built aircraft only. D1.5 Light Sport Aircraft (LSA): is a small, simple to operate, low performance aircraft. With regard to the requirements of this ANO, a light-sport aircraft is an aircraft, other than a helicopter that complies with the following criteria: D1.5.1 A maximum takeoff weight of not more than 600 kilograms or 650 kilograms for an aircraft intended for operation on water or 300 kilograms for a lighter-than-air aircraft.

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D1.5.2 D1.5.3 D1.5.4 D1.5.5 D1.5.6 D1.5.7 D1.5.8 D1.5.9 D1.5.10

A maximum stalling speed in the landing configuration (Vso) of not more than 45 knots CAS at the aircrafts maximum certificated takeoff weight and most critical center of gravity. A maximum seating capacity of no more than two persons, including the pilot. If powered, a single, non-turbine engine fitted with a propeller. A non-pressurized cabin, if equipped with a cabin. For an aircraft operating over land, a fixed landing gear; for an aircraft intended for operation on water, a fixed or repositionable landing gear; and for a glider a fixed or retractable landing gear. If the aircraft is a glider a maximum never exceed speed Vne of 135 knots CAS. A maximum airspeed in level flight with maximum continuous power (VH) of not more than 120 knots CAS under standard atmospheric conditions at sea level. A fixed or ground-adjustable propeller if a powered aircraft other than a powered glider. A fixed or auto feathering propeller system if a powered glider.

D1.6 The types of aircraft that may satisfy these criteria are: D1.6.1 D1.6.2 D1.6.3 D1.6.4 D1.6.5 D1.6.6 Note: Fixed wing aircraft; Powered parachutes; Weight shift aircraft; Gliders; Balloons; Airships; and Gyroplanes are not eligible for LSA airworthiness certification.

D1.7 Restricted E-LSA: means Restricted Experimental Light Sport Aircraft issued with Experimental Certificate for aircrafts other than Kit built aircraft and not complying requirements of Special Certificate of Airworthiness. D1.8 S-LSA: means Special Light Sport Aircraft issued with Special Certificate of Airworthiness for production aircraft only. D1.9 Special Certificate of Airworthiness: means a Certificate of Airworthiness issued to an aircraft which does not meet the requirements of an applicable comprehensive and detailed airworthiness code as required for standard category aircraft.

D2. GENERAL
D2.1 PCAA has adopted new standards for the manufacturing, certification and maintenance of light sport aircraft. The standards have been implemented as a result of other Airworthiness Authorities such as FAA, EASA, CASA, etc adopting similar standards to address advances in sport and recreational aviation technology. The intended effect of these standards is to allow the manufacture of safe and economical aircraft, to be operated for the purpose of sport and recreation, to carry a passenger, to conduct flight training and glider towing.

D3.

ACCEPTABLE CONSENSUS STANDARDS:

D3.1 For manufacturing Light Sport Aircraft (Either S-LSA or E-LSA) in Pakistan or importing Light Sport Aircraft (Both S-LSA or E-LSA) to Pakistan, Federal Aviation Administration accepted American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM) Standards associated with Light Sport Aircraft are acceptable consensus standards for PCAA. Note: Local manufacturers would be responsible to keep abreast with the development, revision and addition of accepted consensus standards for LSA and provide PCAA with updated copies of the same.

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D4.

MANUFACTURING LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT IN PAKISTAN:

D4.1 The certification and continuing airworthiness of LSA is the responsibility of the manufacturer. The manufacturer is to ensure that Light Sport Aircraft are designed and manufactured to accepted standards. As well as this, the manufacturer is also responsible for ensuring the continuing airworthiness of each aircraft.

D5.

MANUFACTURERS QUALIFICATIONS:

D5.1 Manufacturers need to demonstrate they are suitably qualified to manufacture Light Sport Aircraft. To satisfy this, a manufacturer should hold an organization approval (manufacturing) certificate (Refer latest issue of ANO No.92.0002 with the exemptions mentioned at Para 7 of this ANO)

D6.

MANUFACTURING REQUIREMENTS FOR LOCAL MANUFACTURERS.

D6.1 The product certification to the consensus standards acceptable to PCAA shall be responsibility of manufacturer. The manufacturer must file the ASTM Comprehensive Compliance Report (CCR) for each design/or its revised version. Each aircraft is to be certificated individually. D6.2 The manufacturer is to ensure that Light Sport Aircraft are manufactured as per the design requirements and quality systems of the applicable consensus standards acceptable to PCAA. D6.3 Manufacturer of Light Sport Aircraft must use those components and equipment that are in accordance with the accepted consensus standard design & performance requirements. The use of used overhauled or reconditioned components and assemblies will be provided for in the Light Sport Aircraft manufacturers maintenance and inspection procedures in accordance with the accepted consensus standards. D6.4 The manufacturer is required to be an organization certificate approval holder for Light Sport Aircraft as per Para 6 of this document and the manufacturer will have the manufacturing rights as applicable. However, Type Certificate or Production Certificate shall not be issued for Light Sport Aircraft. For an aircraft to be eligible for Special Airworthiness Certificate for Light Sport Aircraft, the aircraft manufactured cannot be type-certified aircraft. However, the manufacturer needs to be suitably qualified and should comply with the quality assurance and production test acceptance standards. D6.5 Manufacturers shall issue statement of compliance for light-sport aircraft that must:

D6.5.1 Identify the aircraft by make and model, serial number, class, date of manufacture, and consensus standards used; D6.5.2 State that the aircraft meets the provisions of the applicable accepted consensus standards; D6.5.3 State that the aircraft conforms to the manufacturers design data, using the manufacturers quality assurance system that meets or exceeds the accepted consensus standards; D6.6 State that the manufacturer will make available to PCAA / aircraft owner the following documents that meet the accepted consensus standards: D6.6.1 The aircrafts operating instructions. D6.6.2 The aircrafts maintenance and inspection procedures. D6.6.3 The aircrafts flight training supplement. D6.7 State that the manufacturer will monitor and correct safety of-flight issues through the issuance of safety directives and a continued airworthiness system that meets the accepted consensus standards; D6.8 State that at the request of the PCAA, the manufacturer will provide unrestricted access to its facilities for inspection; and 10/11/2009 Page 3 of 18 ANO-018-AWXX-1.0

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D6.9 State that the manufacturer, in accordance with a production acceptance test procedure that meets an applicable consensus standard has: D6.9.1 Ground and flight tested the aircraft; D6.9.2 Found the aircraft performance acceptable; and D6.9.3 Determined that the aircraft is in a condition for safe operation. Note: Condition for safe operation means that this is an initial determination by PCAA that the overall condition of an aircraft is conducive to safe operations within the normal flight envelope. This refers to the condition of the aircraft relative to wear and deterioration, e.g., skin corrosion, window delamination / crazing, fluid leaks, tire wear, etc. PCAA Airworthiness inspector will make an initial determination as to the overall condition of the aircraft. The aircraft items evaluated depend on information such as aircraft make, model, age, type, completeness of maintenance records of the aircraft, and the overall condition of the aircraft. D6.10 Manufacturer that issues the statement of compliance is responsible for the quality of Light Sport Aircraft. The manufacturers quality assurance responsibility includes material supplied and assembly work performed by persons, including dealers and distributors acting as an extension of the manufacturer. D6.11 The process of manufacturing may be monitored by PCAA. New manufacturers have to show PCAA compliance with all aspects of applicable accepted consensus standards by filing ASTM Comprehensive Compliance Report (CCR) for the very first aircraft to be manufactured. However, the ultimate responsibility to ensure that the product is manufactured in accordance with the acceptable consensus standards lies with the manufacturer. D6.12 The manufacturer must perform an acceptance test of the aircraft with the requirements necessary to prove the aircrafts reliability and functionality. The manufacturer verifies the aircrafts proper function on the ground and in flight according to the applicable accepted consensus standards. The manufacturer must document the acceptance test results and determine whether the aircraft is in a condition for safe operation. All production aircraft must obtain Flight Test permission from PCAA to accomplish the flight test requirements. D6.13 A production test flight will be carried out after completion of each product. For conducting a production flight testing in Pakistan, the manufacturer must obtain temporary registration mark from PCAA. This temporary registration mark allotted to the newly manufactured LSA will not be a part of the Pakistan Aircraft Register and will be issued only for the purpose of carrying out production test flights.

D7. EXEMPTIONS FOR OBTAINING CERTIFICATE FOR LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT:

MANUFACTURING

ORGANIZATIONS

D7.1 While applying for organization approval (manufacturing) certificate under the latest version of ANO-92.0002 Approval of Organizations (Manufacturing), the LSA manufacturer is exempted from the following provisions as stated in the above mentioned ANO: D7.2 Para 3.1 (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), (i), (k), (l), (n) and (o); D7.2.1 D7.2.2 D7.2.3 D7.2.4 D7.2.5 D7.2.6 10/11/2009 Para 10.1.2; Para 17; Para 18; Para 19; Para 27; Para 28; Page 4 of 18 ANO-018-AWXX-1.0

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D7.2.7 D7.2.8

Para 30 and Para 43

D7.3 Director Airworthiness is authorized to grant exemption / waiver under any other provisions of this ANO subject to such conditions as specified.

D8.

OVERSEAS MANUFACTURERS:

D8.1 For a Light Sport Aircraft to be certified and operated in Pakistan, overseas Light Sport Aircraft manufacturers are required to be from a Contracting State. To ensure compliance with the Pakistan applicable acceptable consensus Standards, overseas manufacturers will be required to show evidence that they meet similar requirements to local manufacturers by filing the ASTM Comprehensive Compliance Report (CCR) with PCAA.

D9.

EXPORTING LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT OVERSEAS:

D9.1 It should be noted that other NAAs may have different requirements for Light Sport Aircraft. Therefore, prior to designing and manufacturing aircraft for the overseas market, it is crucial that the manufacturer considers the applicable NAA requirements for Light Sport Aircraft certification and operation in that particular country. Note: PCAA will not issue export C of A, however, PCAA may issue a certificate stating that Pakistan is an ICAO contracting state and the consensus standards acceptable to PCAA are the FAA accepted ASTM standards associated with Light Sport Aircraft.

D10.

MANUFACTURING PRODUCTION LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT (S-LSA) :

D10.1 As PCAA will not be responsible for the continuing airworthiness of these aircraft, the manufacturer will be required to continually monitor the airworthiness of these aircraft in accordance with the Light Sport Aircraft Continued Operational Safety Monitoring standard. This will require the manufacturer to manage a database of all owners of aircraft in Pakistan and overseas, investigate service defects and address safety critical defects with corrective action in the form of a safety directives issued to all affected owners/registered operators. D10.2 The manufacturer will also need to provide product information in accordance with the acceptable Light Sport Aircraft standards. This will include the data plate, conformity details of the aircraft, warning decals, aircraft operating instructions, the aircraft flight training supplement and the maintenance and inspection procedures. D10.3 If the manufacturer decides to include a type certificated product such as an engine or propeller in its aircraft, then these components are still subject to the requirements of the NAA regulations. Also an airworthiness directive (AD) applicable to an aeronautical product is required to be complied with in accordance with the requirements of the AD. This may include type certificated engines or propellers or other products such as transponders, flight instruments, and radio and communication equipment. D10.4 Upon completion of manufacturing the aircraft, the manufacturer is required to sign a Statement of Compliance (see example at Appendix A to this ANO) indicating the aircraft conforms with the identified applicable Light Sport Aircraft standards acceptable to PCAA and/or NAA where it is to be exported. Also the manufacturer is required to provide copies of the aircraft operating instructions, the aircraft maintenance and inspection procedures and the aircraft flight training supplement.

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D11.

MANUFACTURING EXPERIMENTAL AIRCRAFT (E-LSA):

D11.1 An E-LSA kit is not required to follow the 50 percent rule as required for other experimental amateur built aircraft kit aircraft latest version of ANO 9.0013. However, before a kit built E-LSA or Restricted Category E-LSA can be accepted for an experimental certificate, the manufacturer will need to produce a production aircraft issued with a Special Certificate of Airworthiness in the S-LSA category of the same make and model and must file its respective ASTM Comprehensive Compliance Report (CCR) with PCAA. Note: To indicate the difference between the Production and kit built aircraft, the model number must have an S prefix for S-LSA and E prefix to E-LSA aircraft model numbers respectively. D11.2 A kit built E-LSA is manufactured to the same applicable Light Sport Aircraft standards as the production aircraft S-LSA of the same make and model except the standards relating to production testing are not applicable. Instead of complying with the production aircraft test standards, the manufacturer needs to identify the assembly instructions for the aircraft meeting the applicable Light Sport Aircraft standard for kit assembly. D11.3 For the kit built E-LSA aircraft to be eligible for an experimental certificate, satisfactory evidence needs to be presented to show that the aircraft was manufactured and assembled to the applicable Light Sport Aircraft standards via filing of respective ASTM Comprehensive Compliance Report (CCR) with PCAA. The manufacturer will need to provide to the owner of the aircraft a Statement of Compliance indicating that the aircraft kit complies with the applicable Light Sport Aircraft standards for a kit aircraft (E-LSA). (Note that the standard for production testing is not applicable on Kit Built Aircrafts). The manufacturer will also need to provide information that shows a Special Certificate of Airworthiness has been issued for a production aircraft (S-LSA) of the same make and model. The manufacturer will also need to provide aircraft assembly instructions, operating instructions, aircraft maintenance and inspection procedures and an aircraft flight training supplement. E-LSA aircrafts can only be used for the conversion training of the aircraft owner only. D11.4 The manufacturer is not responsible for the assembly and acceptance testing of a kit built aircraft. This responsibility lies with the owner.

D12.

IMPORT OF KIT BUILT E-LSA:

D12.1 For an E-LSA kit manufactured outside of Pakistan, in addition to requirements prescribed in para 13 above, the applicant shall provide evidence to PCAA that the aircraft kit was manufactured in a country which is ICAO contracting state and with which the Pakistan has import / export agreements. The over seas manufacturer must file ASTM Comprehensive Compliance Report (CCR) with PCAA for the respective aircraft.

D13. CONTINUED OPERATIONAL SAFETY MONITORING OF LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT (BOTH S-LSA AND E-LSA):
D13.1 The manufacturer is required to have a system to monitor and correct safety of flight issues in accordance with the ASTM standard for Continued Operational Safety Monitoring of Light Sport Aircraft. The manufacturer would be responsible for monitoring and notifying operators to correct unsafe conditions in aircraft for as long as the aircraft are registered in Pakistan. This requires the manufacturer to evaluate all significant defects and correct any unsafe condition that may exist in the remaining fleet. To achieve this, the manufacturer should provide a method for the operator of the aircraft to report any service difficulty.

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D14.

SERVICE DEFECTS / SAFETY DIRECTIONS (BOTH S-LSA AND E-LSA):

D14.1 The manufacturer may decide that a Safety Direction (SD) is required to correct an unsafe condition. In such a circumstance, the manufacturer should issue a notice to all the known registered operators of the affected aircraft with a copy to PCAA. It is therefore, very important and is a requirement with the Light Sport Aircraft standard that the manufacturer has the current contact information of all owners/registered operators of their aircraft in Pakistan and overseas. It is recommended, the manufacturer include a statement in the relevant documents that when the aircraft changes ownership, the manufacturer is notified of the new owners (registered operators) name and address. It is also suggested that all SDs maybe uploaded on the manufacturers website for easy access to the local and overseas operators. D14.2 When a registered operator receives a Safety Direction (SD), the operating rules require the operator to comply with the requirements of the directive. The operator may apply to the manufacturer for a variation or exemption against the SD provided suitable safety justification is included in the application. The manufacturer is to assess the application and if the safety justification satisfactorily addresses the safety issue, the manufacturer may approve an alternative means of compliance against the SD. However, if the manufacturer does not approve an application, the registered operator must comply with the requirements of the manufacturers SD. Failure to comply with a SD is considered a serious breach of the regulations and would result in regulatory action against the registered operator. D14.3 The manufacturer is responsible for the continuing airworthiness of their aircraft in accordance with the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard for Continued Operational Safety Monitoring of Light Sport Aircraft. This requires the manufacturer to evaluate all significant defects and correct any unsafe condition that may exist in the remaining fleet. To achieve this, the manufacturer should provide a method for the operator to report any service difficulty. It is therefore the responsibility of the registered operator to notify the manufacturer of any safety-of-flight issue or significant service difficulty upon discovery.

D15.

PCAA SAFETY DIRECTIONS:

D15.1 In the interests of safety, PCAA may include additional operating limitations to an aircraft. This would only occur if PCAA considered that other requirements by the manufacturer were inappropriate or did not address a safety critical issue. In such circumstances PCAA must write to the registered operator of the aircraft concerned detailing the operating limitations required for the aircraft. The operator is required to comply with the additional operating limitations to maintain the Airworthiness of aircraft.

D16.

MODIFICATIONS:

D16.1 For S-LSA aircraft issued with a Special Certificate of Airworthiness, the manufacturer is responsible for approving all modifications. All modifications should be made in accordance with the Light Sport Aircraft standards applicable to the aircraft. Modifications that are not approved by the manufacturer will result in the revoking of the Special Certificate of Airworthiness. D16.2 The owner of a production S-LSA should be aware that unapproved modification of the aircraft will result in the Special Certificate of Airworthiness no longer being in force. Therefore, the owner will be required to have the Special Certificate of Airworthiness amended to an experimental certificate for E-LSA. The owner should be aware that the operational privileges will be reduced when operating under an experimental certificate.

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D17.

PLACARDS AND WARNINGS:

D17.1 For Light Sport Aircraft (Both S-LSA and E-LSA), an information placard is required to be displayed in the cabin or cockpit at a location in full view of the passenger and the pilot, with the wording:
THIS AIRCRAFT WAS MANUFACTURED / ASSEMBLED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS AND DOES NOT CONFORM TO STANDARD CATEGORY AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENTS.

D17.2 Before operation of the aircraft, the pilot is required to inform the passenger that the aircraft does not meet the same requirements for a standard certificate of airworthiness.

D18.

REGISTRATION OF LSA:

D18.1 Light Sport Aircraft can be registered in Pakistan in accordance with latest version of ANO 92.0003.

D19.

CANCELLATION OF REGISTRATION:

D19.1 If the Special or Experimental C of A is not renewed within 24 months from its date of expiry, the C of R shall be cancelled.

D20.

CERTIFICATE OF AIRWORTHINESS FOR LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT:

D20.1 There are two types of Certificates of Airworthiness for Light Sport Aircraft; a Special Certificate of Airworthiness for production Light Sport Aircraft (S-LSA); and an Experimental Certificate for Kit build or restricted category Light Sport Aircraft (E-LSA). D20.2 Scope of Special Certificate of Airworthiness for S-LSA. These aircraft may be used for private operations, sport / recreation, to carry passengers, and to conduct flight training and towing gliders. The aircraft shall not be flown for any commercial operation e.g rental charter etc. The Special Certificate of Airworthiness remains valid provided the aircraft is maintained in accordance with the requirements of the manufacturer and the aircraft has not been modified unless approved by the manufacturer. D20.3 Scope of Experimental Certificates for E-LSA - There are two types of experimental certificates for LSA. One is for kit built E-LSA and the other is for aircraft that no longer satisfy the requirements of the Special C of A for S-LSA and are demoted to Restricted Category E-LSA (Refer para 23 below). Kit built LSA Before an experimental certificate for E-LSA can be issued, the manufacturer should have produced a production aircraft (S-LSA) of the same model issued with a Special Certificate of Airworthiness. These aircraft can only be used for private purposes and for conversion flying training of the owner only. There is no requirement that the owner should build 50% of the aircraft. Non-Compliant Production S-LSA The experimental certificate provides a means for aircraft that no longer comply with the requirements of the Special C of A for S-LSA. These aircraft can only be used for private purposes and for conversion flying training of the owner. There are a number of circumstances where this could arise such as the production aircraft has been modified without the manufacturers approval or has not been maintained in accordance with the manufacturers requirements. Another circumstance may be that the manufacturer has gone out of business and no suitable persons or organization has taken over the continuing airworthiness functions for the aircraft. PCAA shall evaluate and issue Experimental certificate on case to case basis only after being satisfied that the aircraft is still in condition of safe operation. Note: In any case, PCAA will not revert / convert experimental certificate for Light Sport Aircraft to special certificate of airworthiness (S-LSA). 10/11/2009 Page 8 of 18 ANO-018-AWXX-1.0

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D21.

WHAT HAPPENS IF A MANUFACTURER NO LONGER EXISTS (FOR BOTH S-LSA AND E-LSA):

D21.1 In the event that a manufacturer no longer exists or can no longer provide continuing airworthiness support to registered operators of their aircraft, a competent person may be appointed by PCAA to carry out the continuing airworthiness support. If no-one satisfies the PCAA approval criteria or no person applies to PCAA for appointment, the existing Light Sport Aircraft can no longer operate under a Special Certificate of Airworthiness. In such situation these aircraft can continue to be operated under an experimental certificate for Light Sport Aircraft. Manufacturer must provide a copy of contacts of all the registered aircraft to PCAA before its closure of operations for whatever reason. D21.2 For PCAA to appoint a competent person to carry out the continuing airworthiness function of the manufacturer, a person should have: D21.2.1 D21.2.2 D21.2.3 D21.2.4 D21.2.5 a system to monitor and correct safety of flight issues in accordance with the Consensus standard for Continued Operational Safety Monitoring of Light Sport Aircraft; and access to existing manufacturers data of aircraft configuration and registered operators of the aircraft; and contracted engineering personnel with experience in light aircraft design and repair to ensure compliance with the LSA standards; and facilities, tools and trained or appropriately experienced staff suitable for providing the CAW for these aircraft; and an audit system (internal or external) that complies with the Light Sport Aircraft quality standards.

D22.

APPLICATION FOR A SPECIAL CERTIFICATE OF AIRWORTHINESS:

D22.1 Special Certificate of Airworthiness for S-LSA - When applying for a Special Certificate of Airworthiness, the applicant should provide to PCAA, the following: D22.2 Copies of the aircraft operating instructions, the aircraft maintenance and inspection procedures and the aircraft flight-training supplement; D22.2.1 D22.2.2 D22.2.3 D22.2.4 D22.2.5 D22.2.6 D22.2.7 A statement of compliance by the manufacturer which indicates: The aircrafts make, model, serial number and date of manufacture; The Light Sport Aircraft applicable standards that apply to the design of the aircraft, and the aircraft complies with the specified applicable Light Sport Aircraft standards; The manufacturers quality assurance system complies with the Light Sport Aircraft standards and based on that system, the aircraft conforms to the manufacturers design data; The manufacturer will make available to any interested person the aircrafts operating instructions, the aircrafts maintenance and inspection procedures and the aircrafts flight training supplement that complies with the applicable Light Sport Aircraft standards; The manufacturer will monitor the continuing airworthiness of the aircraft and will issue directions or requirements that comply with the Light Sport Aircraft standards to correct any unsafe condition; The production acceptance test procedure complies with the applicable Light Sport Aircraft standards and the manufacturer has: D22.2.7.1 ground-tested and flight-tested the aircraft; D22.2.7.2 found the aircrafts performance during ground and flight D22.2.7.3 the aircraft is in a condition for safe operation. D22.2.8 D22.2.9 testing acceptable; and

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D22.2.10 A declaration in writing indicating the manufacturer is qualified in accordance with regulation mentioned at D4 of this ANO. D22.2.11 If the aircraft has been imported into Pakistan, written information indicating that the aircraft is eligible for a Certificate of Airworthiness or other similar document issued by the NAA of a contracting state. D22.2.12 PCAA or the authorized person inspects the aircraft to determine if it is in a safe condition. The completion of the inspection and maintenance records and a manufacturers compliance statement is a sound basis for establishing whether the aircraft is in condition for safe operation. D22.2.13 PCAA or the authorized person may take a copy of the manufacturers statement of compliance, and other relevant documentation excluding the ASTM Comprehensive Compliance Report (CCR) for its records. However, the aircraft operating instructions, the aircraft maintenance and inspection procedures and the aircraft flight-training supplement should be returned to the applicant. D22.2.14 Experimental certificate for an E-LSA kit - When applying for an experimental certificate for a kit built E-LSA, the applicant should provide to PCAA, or an authorized person, the following: D22.2.15 Written information that a production aircraft of the same make and model has been issued a Special Certificate of Airworthiness for S-LSA or a similar document form a Contracting State; D22.2.16 Copies of the aircraft operating instructions, the aircraft maintenance and inspection procedures and the aircraft flight-training supplement; D22.2.17 A statement of compliance by the manufacturer which indicates: The aircrafts make model serial number and date of manufacture; The design of the aircraft complies with the Light Sport Aircraft standards; The manufacturers quality assurance system complies with the Light Sport Aircraft standards and based on that system, the aircraft conforms to the manufacturers design data; D22.2.17.4 The manufacturer will make available to any interested person the aircrafts operating instructions, the aircrafts maintenance and inspection procedures and the aircrafts flight training supplement that complies with the Light Sport Aircraft standards; D22.2.17.5 The manufacturer will monitor the continuing airworthiness of the aircraft and will issue directions or requirements that comply with the Light Sport Aircraft standards to correct any unsafe condition; D22.2.17.6 A copy of the manufacturers assembly instructions; D22.2.17.7 Evidence of manufacturers qualification to manufacture a Light Sport Aircraft, either: D22.2.18 Information detailing a current production certificate, or D22.2.18.1 D22.2.18.2 A declaration in writing indicating the manufacturer is qualified in accordance with regulation mentioned at para 7 of this ANO. PCAA or the authorized person inspects the aircraft to determine if it is in a safe condition. The completion of the inspection and maintenance records and a manufacturers compliance statement is a sound basis for establishing whether the aircraft is in condition for safe operation. PCAA or the authorized person may take a copy of the manufacturers statement of compliance, and other relevant documentation excluding the ASTM Comprehensive Compliance Report (CCR), for its records. However, the aircraft operating instructions, the aircraft maintenance and inspection procedures and the aircraft flight-training supplement are required to be returned to the applicant. D22.2.17.1 D22.2.17.2 D22.2.17.3

D22.2.18.3

D23.

DURATION OF SPECIAL CERTIFICATE OF AIRWORTHINESS FOR LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT:

D23.1 Special Certificate of Airworthiness would be valid for a period of 12 months.

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D24.

DURATION OF EXPERIMENTAL CERTIFICATE OF AIRWORTHINESS FOR LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT:

D24.1 The duration of an experimental certificate issued for operating light-sport aircraft is unlimited, unless the PCAA establishes a specific period for good cause.

D25.

AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES:

D25.1 In general, PCAA issues Airworthiness Directives (AD) against type certificated aircraft and only in exceptional circumstances will PCAA issue an AD against Light Sport Aircraft. For critical safety of flight issues, the Light Sport Aircraft manufacturer will be responsible for issuing Safety Directions, which are mandatory for production Light Sport Aircraft (S-LSA). D25.2 However, Light Sport Aircraft are Pakistani aircraft as defined in CARs, 94 and are subject to applicable Pakistani airworthiness directives unless specifically exempt. Thus, if an aeronautical product installed on a Light Sport Aircraft is subject to a Pakistani AD, it is the responsibility of the operator to ensure compliance with that AD. D25.3 Typical ADs that need to be considered include /GENERAL/ ADs that are applicable to all aircraft, ADs against type certificated products such as engines or propellers, or ADs applicable to equipment such as transponders, flight instruments, radio communication and navigation equipment. For example, an aircraft fitted with a transponder must comply with the requirements. D25.4 The requirement to comply with such ADs applies to both production aircraft with a Special Certificate of Airworthiness for S-LSA and to E-LSA issued with an Experimental Certificate. Note: All existing CAA regulations/requirements (vis--vis Log Books, Retention of record, Ownership plate, compass swing, Weight and Balance, Documents on Board, Mobile radio license (P.T.A), First Aid Kit, ELT, Transfer of ownership etc.) for Type Certified aircrafts, under 5,700 Kgs, holds valid on these aircrafts unless otherwise Specified in CARs and relevant ANOs or Airworthiness Notices.

D26.

OPERATING LIMITATIONS:

D26.1 Light Sport Aircraft issued with an Experimental certificate can be used for following: D26.1.1 sport / recreation where cross country flights need special permission; D26.1.2 to carry passengers, not for hire, over 18 years of age for Sport or Recreational ride only; D26.1.3 Conversion flight training for the owner only; Note: The aircraft issued with E-LSA certificate shall not be used for any rental / commercial operations.

D26.2 Production aircraft (S-LSA) with a Special Certificate of Airworthiness can be used for the following purposes: D26.2.1 D26.2.2 D26.2.3 D26.2.4 D26.2.5 Note: private operations where cross country flights are allowed; sport / recreation where cross country flights are allowed; to carry passengers without age limit; flight training; and glider towing where the gliders weight is not more then the aircrafts maximum weight. The aircraft issued with S-LSA certificate shall not be used for any rental / commercial operations other than flying training and glider towing.

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D27.

MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION:

D27.1 The maintenance for production aircraft (S-LSA) issued with a Special Certificate of Airworthiness is required to be carried out in accordance with the manufacturers maintenance procedures. Note: In the case where the manufacturer no longer exists, PCAA may approve a person to perform the functions of the manufacturer to approve modifications and maintenance procedures. D27.2 The inspection of these aircraft is required to be in accordance with the manufacturers inspection procedures and recommendations. If the aircraft is used for flying training, glider towing or hire, the aircraft is to be inspected every 100 hours of Time in Service (TIS) or every year whichever occurs first. If the aircraft is used for private purposes only, the aircraft is required to be inspected every 12 months. If an aircraft has been idle for an extended period of 24 months or more, the inspection and maintenance is required only once during the period but within 12 months of the next flight.

D28.

MAINTENANCE AUTHORIZATIONS FOR LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT ISSUED WITH SPECIAL AND EXPERIMENTAL CERTIFICATE OF AIRWORTHINESS:

D28.1 Following are permitted to perform maintenance on Light Sport Aircraft issued with Special Certificate of Airworthiness. On account of renewal of Special Certificate of Airworthiness, a condition inspection shall be performed by: D28.1.1 Manufacturer who has issued the statement of compliance for the aircraft. Or D28.1.2 Manufacturer who has claimed responsibility for continued airworthiness of the aircraft. Or D28.1.3 Holder of PCAA issued AME license in respective categories A, C, X (Electrical Installations and Instruments) on any aircraft below 5,700 kg and LWTR In Cat R (Radar Systems and Comm / Nav). Or D28.1.4 Holder of LWTR in respective categories i.e. A, C, X and R. in case of Category A, C and X, the incumbent will be granted authorization by Airworthiness Directorate after apprearing in oral examination to AW Dte, for the specific aircraft. Note: PCAA shall not issue AMEL endorsement for any Light Sport Aircraft. However, work carried out on Light Sport Aircraft shall be accounted for Aviation Experience only.

D29.

CHANGE OF ADDRESS OR OWNERSHIP:

D29.1 The manufacturer is responsible for the continuing airworthiness of the aircraft and therefore it is very important that the aircraft Owner/Registered Operator notify the manufacturer of a change of address or ownership. In such circumstances where the manufacturer is not notified, the owner will not be aware of critical safety issues that may require urgent inspection or modification therefore compromising the safety integrity of the aircraft. Also if the manufacturer has issued mandatory requirements that have not been carried out due to the aircraft Owner/Registered Operator not notifying of change of address or ownership, then the Special Certificate of Airworthiness will no longer be valid. Continued operation with an invalid Special Certificate of Airworthiness is a contravention of the regulations.

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D30.

AMENDMENTS AND MODIFICATIONS:

D30.1 Any subsequent amendments or modifications to this ANO may be processed and incorporated through Airworthiness Directorate, HQ CAA, in consultation with Chief Legal Services, HQ CAA as and when required or deemed expedient or appropriate.

E.

EVIDENCES (ACRONYMS / RECORDS / REFERENCES):

E1.

ACRONYMS:

AD AMEL ANO ASTM CAR 94 CASA CCR DGCAA EASA E-LSA FAA LSA NAA PCAA SD S-LSA TIS

Airworthiness Directive Aircraft Maintenance Engineering Licence Air Navigation Order American Society for Testing and Materials Civil Aviation Rules 1994 Civil Aviation Safety Authority Comprehensive Compliance Report Director General Civil Aviation Authority European Aviation Safety Agency Experimental Light Sports Aircraft Federal Aviation Administration Light Sport Aircraft National Aviation Authority PAKISTAN CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY Safety Direction Special Light Sports Aircraft Time in Service

E2.

RECORDS:
Nil

E3.

REFERENCES
Nil

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IMPLEMENTATION: This Air Navigation Order shall be implemented with effect from 10th November, 2009.

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INDEX
Sr. No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. Contents Authority Purpose Scope Description Definitions General Acceptable consensus standards: Manufacturing light sport aircraft in Pakistan: Manufacturers qualifications: Manufacturing requirements for local manufacturers. Exemptions for obtaining manufacturing organizations certificate for light sport aircraft: Overseas manufacturers: Exporting light sport aircraft overseas: Manufacturing production light sport aircraft (S-LSA) : Manufacturing Experimental Aircraft (E-LSA): Import Of Kit Built E-LSA: Continued Operational Safety Monitoring Of Light Sport Aircraft (Both S-LSA and E-LSA): Service Defects / Safety Directions (Both S-LSA AND E-LSA): PCAA Safety Directions: Modifications: Placards and warnings: Registration Of LSA: Cancellation of Registration: Certificate of airworthiness for light sport aircraft: What Happens if a Manufacturer no longer exists (For both S-LSA AND E-LSA): Application for a special certificate of airworthiness: Duration of special certificate of airworthiness for light sport aircraft: Duration Of Experimental Certificate Of Airworthiness For Light Sport Aircraft: Airworthiness Directives: Operating Limitations: Maintenance and inspection: Maintenance authorizations for light sport aircraft issued with special and experimental certificate of airworthiness: Change of address or ownership: Amendments & Modifications. Evidences (Acronyms / Records / References) Implementation Page No. 01 01 01 01 01 02 02 03 03 03 04 05 05 05 06 06 06 07 07 07 08 08 08 08 09 09 10 11 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 14

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APPENDIX A

CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY Airworthiness Directorate

LIGHT SPORT AIRCRAFT STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE

1. Manufacturer: I. Aircraft Information 3. Aircraft Serial No. 7. MTOW 2. Address: 4.Date of Manufacture (dd,mm,yy): 8, Max. No. of occupants 5. Aircraft Make 9. VH 6. Aircraft Model 10. VS1

Class of light sport aircraft (Check all applicable items)

Operation on water.

Airplane

Powered Parachute

Weight-shift control

Lighter than Air

Consensus Standards (List below or use attachments) Aircraft Operating Instructions (List applicable items) Consensus Standard: Aircraft Maintenance and Inspection Procedures (List applicable items) Consensus Standard: Aircraft Flight Training Supplement (List applicable items) Consensus Standard: Comments (if any). Use additional page if required Manufacturer Quality Assurance System (List applicable items) III. Manufacturer Process Document. Consensus Standard: Manufacturer Continued Airworthiness System (List applicable items) Consensus Standard:

Revision Revision Revision Revision

Valid until ( / / ) Date issued ( / / ) Date( / / ) Date issued ( / / ) Date( / / Date issued ( / / ) Date( / / )

II. Applicable user manuals

Revision Revision Revision Revision

Date issued ( / / ) Date( / / Date issued ( / / ) Date( / / )

Revision Revision Revision

IV. Manufacturers Certification

CERTIFICATION: I hereby certify that aircraft serial number complies with the Consensus Standard(s) identified on this statement of compliance and that the Manufacturers Continued Airworthiness System will be adhered to support the aircraft throughout its life. This aircraft (1) was manufactured following the consensus standard(s) procedures and Manufacturers Quality Assurance System identified on this statement, (2) conforms to the manufacturers design data, (3) was ground and flight tested successfully, and (4) is in a condition for safe operation. Additionally, at the request of PCAA, the manufacturer will provide unrestricted access to its facilities. Name: Signature: Title: Date: Name: Title: Date:

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APPENDIX B

CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY Airworthiness Directorate

APPLICATION FOR ISSUE OF CERTIFICATE OF AIRWORTHINESS

1. Name of Owner (in full): 2. Address of Owner: 3. Nationality of Owner: 4. Name & Address of Applicant, if other then Owner: 5. Nationality and Registration Marks (If already allotted): 6. Details about aircraft: (i) Name & Address of Manufacturer / Builder: (ii) Designation of aircraft: (iii) Aircraft Serial No: (iv) Year of Construction: (v) All up Weight: (vi) Empty Weight: (vii) Seating Capacity: (a) Flight Crew:

(b) Passengers:

7. Has Special Certificate of Airworthiness in respect of the aircraft been issued by Civil Aviation Authority of country of origin? If so, give full particulars: 8. a. Standard Certificate of Airworthiness (Issued in accordance with ICAO Annex 8): Category: Sub-Division: b. Special Certificate of Airworthiness (Tick One) Light Sport Class (Tick One): Airplane Glider Weight Shift Powered Parachute Lighter than air 9. Enclosures: (Refer relevant Airworthiness Notices / ANO) I hereby enclose following along-with this form. (a) Receipt of fee (b) 10. Declaration: (c) (d) Experimental Light Sport Experimental Light Sport (Restricted)

I hereby declare that the above particulars are true in every respect. Signature: Name: Designation: Date: (FOR USE IN CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY) REMARK Signature: Name Designation: Date:

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APPENDIX C

CIVIL AVIATION AUTHORITY Airworthiness Directorate

SPECIAL CERTIFICATE OF AIRWORTHINESS

CERTIFICATE NO.:
1. Nationality and Registration Marks 2. Name Address Model Manufacturer / Builder 3. Serial No.

4.

Category :
(Special Light Sport; Experimental Light Sport or Experimental Light Sport (Restricted))

Purpose:
(Airplane; Glider; Weight Shift; Powered Parachute or Lighter than air)

5.
This aircraft does not meet the requirements of airworthiness code as provided by Annex 8 to the Convention of International Civil Aviation. No person may operate the aircraft except for the provisions prescribed in current Air Navigation Order No. 92.0009. No person may operate the aircraft for carrying persons or property for compensation or hire. No person may operate the aircraft over any foreign country without special permission from that country.

Date of Issue:

for

DIRECTOR AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTOR GENERAL Signature, official stamp & date

6. This certificate is valid for the period(s) shown below: From: To: From: To: From: To: From: To: From: To: From: To: From: To: From: To:

NOTE: No entries or endorsements may be made on this Certificate except in the manner and by the person authorized for that purpose by the Director General Civil Aviation Authority. If this Certificate is lost, the Director General Civil Aviation Authority should be informed at once, the Certificate No. being quoted. Any person finding this Certificate should forward it immediately to the Director General Civil Aviation Authority, JIAP, Karachi, Pakistan.

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