Enclosure Design Wild Asia

Enclosure Design
Stage 3 & 4

Zoo
Education

Themes - Investigating animal enclosures at the zoo in relation to design, social and ethical changes, materials, technologies and workplace practice. Syllabus Links - Inlcudes elements of all core content areas, holistic approach, design processes and activity of designers. Focus areas of design Architechtiral, environmental, engineering and landscape.

Wild Asia

map reference - N12

Enclosure Design is delivered at the Wild Asia classroom under the gaze of our amazing elephants. Your Zoo educator will meet you and your students on the platform between the Elephants and the classroom During your 45 minute workshop students will be taken through the Wild Asia precinct to experience the enclosures first hand. Enclosures in Wild Asia are immersive and provide a selection of the themes in this topic. This workshop will allow your students to: experience a wide range of enclosures, compare new and old technologies in the design, discuss with the educator aspects of keeper, pulic and animal requirements whilst in the enclosures. Bookings for the workshop are essential To make a booking: Phone: 02 9978 4578 and 02 9978 4624 Fax: 02 9978 4508 Email: education@zoo.nsw.gov.au Website: www.taronga.org.au

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Enclosure Design
Workshop Objectives and NSW Curriculum Links

Zoo
Education

The workshop and related teacher resource support the Stage 4 Preliminary Design and Technology syllabus. This workshop enables students to gain first-hand experience of the animal enclosures, to investigate the Zoo as a case study of design through the decades and to collect relevant information specifically relating to their own built environment projects. Outcomes - Stage 4 Design and Technology 4.2.1 A student describes the impact of past, current and emerging technologies on individual, society and environments 4.3.1 A student describes the work and responsibilities of designers and the factors affecting their work 4.3.2 A student describes designed solutions that consider preferred futures, the principles of appropriate technology and ethical and responsible design

Introduction
Enclosure Design encompasses the material and technological aspect of enclosures, the social and ethical changes that have influenced zoos over time, including animal and workplace safety considerations. Your class will be able to collect information and ideas for their own projects, be able to discuss with staff the intricacies of enclosure usage and maintenance. This workshop is a great opportunity to set group tasks and allow group analysis of enclosures and therefore peer to peer communication about enclosure design.

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Enclosure Design
Prior Knowledge

Zoo
Education

Prior to your Zoo visit, students must show knowledge and understanding of: - the term behavioural enrichment; - the history and changing aims and goals of Zoos; and - the requirements that must be considered when designing an enclosure.

Pre-visit Activities
The following activities are designed to be completed before the students visit Taronga Zoo on their excursion. The activities can be completed in isolation, however, the following sequence is recommended to ensure your students gain the most from the unit and the Zoo excursion. 1. 2. Ask students to brainstorm the factors which need considering when designing a new animal exhibit. Ask students to investigate as many different types of enclosures using the internet and websites such as www.zoolex.org . Brainstorm why particular enclosures are better suited to different species of animals. Pretend money is not a problem. Ask students to research the natural history of a particular species of animal (habitat, diet, and reproduction) and then choose from the list: Design a 3 dimensional enclosure for the animal Design a series of enclosures to show a range of habitats the animal may need for survival Design a multi species exhibit Design a new Zoo Produce a sign for the enclosure with animal information including status in the wild, where it is found and other interesting facts

3.

Teacher Notes
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Enclosure Design

Zoo
Education

Animals have been kept by people for work, warfare, food and entertainment dating back to Ancient Egypt. Emperors and kings maintained collections of wild animals in their palaces as a status symbol and for their amusement. The Taronga Zoo that existed over 90 years ago is very different from the Zoo you see today. Most early Zoos had little or no concern for the welfare or emotional needs of captive animals. The main aim of early Zoos was to display as many animals as possible, in the smallest amount of space, in order to attract the greatest number of visitors. There was little understanding of animal behaviour or habitat and animals were kept in small, dirty, heavily barred cages often with hard cement floors. Due to being confined in small, unsuitable exhibits, animals often showed abnormal behaviour. Early Zoos had very little signage and there was no visitor education. Zoos have come along way since the Ancient Egyptians! In most countries, modern Zoos adhere to strict legalisation. Many Governments have introduced the requirement that zoological collections have to show a strong commitment to conservation and education and uphold high standards in animal welfare and public safety. Today, zoos limit the size of their collection and exhibits have an overall theme e.g. Wild Asia, Backyard to Bush, Rainforest Aviary and the African Waterhole. More than one species may be exhibited together eg. giraffe and zebra. A great deal of research, discussion and planning goes into developing new zoo exhibits. Designers need to understand the habitat and behaviour of the animal concerned before they start planning or building the exhibit. As much as naturalistic exhibits are encouraged, it is impossible to completely recreate in a zoo a natural habitat for an animal. There are many comprises that need to be considered including factors relating to public viewing, maintenance and funding. Today, any completed Zoo exhibit should provide the visiting public a better understanding of the relationship between animals, the environment and themselves. Legalisation requires signage that provides the public with information and particularly about the effect of people on the worlds wildlife and the role zoos play in conservation and research.

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Enclosure Design
Factors to Consider when Designing a new Animal Exhibit

Zoo
Education

There are three important users to think about when designing animal enclosures: 1. Animals How big are they? Are they group-living or solitary? Are they sedentary animals or very active? What wild habitat do they come from? Think about temperature and humidity Do they require water to swim in or bath in? For example, Tapir prefer to urinate in water when swimming Do they climb, or hide underground? How would they shelter from the elements in the wild? Do they need a flat area or 3D structures? If they climb, is mesh or bars better for them as a barrier, rather than glass, a moat, or another structure? How far do they like to be able to see? For example, cheetahs are long sighted and like high points with long views, whilst some other animals are very short sighted, so a long view is not important to them. Will the animals be seen from outside the Zoo? What impact will this have? For example form the car park and entry areas. Is the enclosure interesting do the animals need toys (or behavioural enrichment) to play with? Are they nocturnal, crepuscular, or diurnal? Can you mix them with other animals? Will the animals need privacy, perhaps separate dens off public show or separate night accommodation? How will the animal be protected from public interference? How big an area does the animal need? Are there Government regulations on how large an exhibit must be to accommodate particular species of animal?

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Enclosure Design
2. Zookeepers

Zoo
Education

How will the zookeepers feed the animals the correct food and provide them with fresh water without the animals escaping, usually without going into the enclosure with the animals? Is contact safe or desirable? Some animals are dangerous and zookeepers never go in with them whilst others allow varying degrees of interaction with zoo keeping staff. How will the enclosure be cleaned? Enclosures must be easy to keep clean to minimise chances of disease. Can animals be placed safely in holding yards without contact? Animals may need to be isolated for moving to other collections or for veterinary purposes, sometimes from a distance with an anaesthetic dart or sometimes whilst still unsedated. An example of this is the tunnels of the monkey enclosures. A section of the tunnel can be stopped by dropping doors at either end so that a monkey can be isolated and moved without ever being manhandled or sedated. Does the enclosure allow for easy viewing of animal for health checks? Will the enclosure allow for breeding programmes or is breeding not to occur? Does the enclosure fit into the objectives and mission of the Zoo in relation to conservation and education? 3. Public How will the animals be most visible to the public? Does the enclosure cater for all visitors? For example very young children or wheelchair access. How will the public circulate? Will exhibits aid in the flow and direction of the public especially if they are in large numbers? How will the exhibit cater for visitors who may have a fear or phobia of particular animals? For example, some people have a fear of birds. What measures need to be considered when designing a walk through bird aviary ? How will the enclosure retain a naturalistic look? The public often likes to see naturalistic enclosures. However, these may be totally impractical. For example, herbivores will quickly destroy most living plants in their enclosures, so that their paddocks often look very bare. Naturalistic enclosures, however, are often more pleasing to the public and may be better educationally to illustrate the correct habitat. Should the animals be visible all the time? Many people dont stop to look carefully or to watch, but hurry past if they cannot see the animal immediately. Perception of freedom do the public like the use of islands, moats (water or dry), bars, wire mesh, glass, to separate them from the animals?

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Enclosure Design

Zoo
Education

Information for the visitors about the animals, their habitats, etc where is the information to be placed? What educational value does the information hold? Other considerations Building materials Non-toxic, withstand wear and tear, easy to clean. Strong and safe enough to keep very powerful, dangerous animals in. Ecological soundness of material. Behavioural enrichment Toys, scatter feeding to encourage foraging, feeding at unpredictable times of day, or even unpredictable days. Feeding in novel ways. Making the animals work for their food. Allowing animals out in the Zoo grounds, to interact with the public or even give rides. Cost Zoos are not made of money! Enclosures have to be compromised by the space available and the cost of the whole budget. Signage Signage is now a critical part of the overall presentation of an exhibit as it provides the public with vital information on the animal. Signage is also important in that it often describes the effect of people on the worlds wildlife and the role of zoos in conservation. Planning Permission Taronga Zoo faces planning constraints regarding current enclosures and buildings which are classified by the Government as heritage listed. Considerations in regards to noise which may impact on local residents and the visual impact any new exhibit will have on Sydney Harbour also has to be taken into account.

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Enclosure Design
Public Viewing
Open Edge

Zoo
Education

In this situation there is no vegetation between the viewing public and the edge: the view into the exhibit is obstructed only by a handrail. It can be used to allow the visitor to get close to animals and allows good viewing for children and people in wheelchairs. This type of viewing area should be surrounded by dense plant to shield it from other viewing areas an soften the hardness of the viewing edge. Public Shelter Viewing This type of viewing situation is most suitable for major exhibits where the public is likely to spend more time. The style and materials should be in theming or character with the exhibit. If glass is used, reflections by sunlight should be considered. Canted glass tends to hold dust so specially treated glass which is able to withhold claws on one side and vandalism on the other should be selected. Partially Screened Edge This is a quite a typical viewing situation: there is a planted edge between the viewing area and the exhibit area and then an island of vegetation between the viewing area and the primary circulation route. This type of viewing area often needs to be set back to prevent cross viewing from other exhibits and other viewing areas. Logs or boulders are sometimes needed to assist viewing by small children. Plants used at the edge should are close to the public so they should be appropriate to the exhibit and the habitat where the animals are found.

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Enclosure Design
Enclosed Edge Animals which are able to leap or climb require closed exhibit areas. Planting and landforms need to screen and complement the view as well as screen the exhibit structure from surrounding areas. Animal Shelter Viewing

Zoo
Education

This form of shelter allows for the public viewing structure to be extended to provide shelter for animals which accept close interaction with people. The view will also extend out into the open exhibit. Considerations of glass reflections need to be taken into account. Skylights over the animals shelter may assist glass reflection although sunroofs can create geometrical light shapes (for example a square sun roof will result in a square light shape appearing) and thus does not create the illusion of natural light. Cover Viewing, Mesh Enclosure This type of exhibit uses elements of an enclosed exhibit plus a covered viewing situation. The shelter structure actually frames out the view of the mesh.

Bridges This type of viewing is not common in Zoos as care needs to be taken to ensure that the elevated bridge does not expose the visitor to the entire exhibit. Exhibits should unfold dramatically view by view from a variety of outlooks. Dense planting is required to isolate the bridge from other viewing areas.

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Enclosure Design
Boardwalks

Zoo
Education

Boardwalks are especially appropriate in marsh and water exhibits. Dense planting can camouflage the walk and hide visitors from other visitors further along the boardwalk. Boardwalks can be fixed or floating, however floating boardwalks tend to bounce and can encourage exuberant behaviour of teenagers! Covered Decking Covered bridges or boardwalks are useful where visitors may spend extended periods at major water related exhibits. The decking can be used to hide fencing material that may spilt exhibits thus allowing different species to be exhibited. Underwater Viewing Underwater viewing is very expensive however it adds a dramatic and memorable sensation to the visitor experience. Visitors are usually in an enclosed room with the room, walls, floor and ceilings themed to suit the habitat of the animal.

Animal Barriers
Sunken Fence This type of moat is used as a background. The moat can be filled with vegetation (for example thorny) to discourage animals from using the area. Walls Any walls of an exhibit that seen by the public should resemble some natural formation similar to the habitat of where the animal would be found ( for example sandstone outcrop). Double-sided dry moat Double sided dry moats can be used to separate one animal exhibit from another. They are generally very effective in terms of keeping animals enclosed however dry moats do take large areas of land space.

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Enclosure Design
One sided water moat Water moats make ideal barriers. Water can be made to resemble a variety of different types of naturally occurring water bodies, from sparking ponds to creeks. Moats are usually built deep enough to prevent escape and the edge closest to the animal is generally sloping gently into deeper water to minimise drowning. Fence

Zoo
Education

Fencing to keep animals inside their exhibit is the most common form and cheapest form of animal containment. In terms of public visual experiences, fencing can draw away from the animal exhibit on a whole and can be visually disruptive. Fencing is best used in conjunction with other animal containment methods (for example moats) however this can add to the expense of building the exhibit. The type of fencing used depends on the animals it is to contain. A vertical fence can be used for most animals. The support pole generally needs to be placed outside the exhibit area so animals are unable to place pressure on them from the animal. Animals which are able to dig need a buried apron of fencing underground to guard against escape. Animals that can climb require the fence to overhang into the exhibit. The overhang can also be used to keep out unwanted human access. Dense planting is often used to screen the fence and create a visual barrier. Fencing is often painted black which make the fence disappear more effectively into the landscaping or planting behind the fence. Piano Wire Piano wire is closely spaced, tightly tensioned wire which can form a barrier that is almost invisible. Piano wire can only be used for birds and some small mammals because it can be bent latterally. The high tension of the wire requires a strong supporting frame and a way to tighten and adjust the wires.

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Enclosure Design
Railing

Zoo
Education

Railing can only be used to contain people (not animals) and even then, people are able to climb over the railing! Railing can only be used to protect areas or animals that are not considered dangerous or critical. Railing that is reinforced with a polite and discrete sign is effective for 99% of the people 99% of the time. The materials of fencing varies greatly depending on the overall theme of the exhibit. Fencing material vary greatly in cost which also needs to be considered. Glass Reinforced glass partitions can provide an invisible barrier and have the advantage of preventing the transfer of objects or airborne diseases, however glass always brings the potential for reflections. Moreover, the restriction of sounds and smells may denture the visitors experience to an undesirable extent. Daily cleansing, inside and out, is essential. Sunken barrier Burrowing animals require an artificial floor as a barrier that will allow digging but prevent escape. Mesh has the advantage of allowing free drainage and is relatively inexpensive for such an application. The mesh must be non-corrosive.

Mesh Complete enclosures of mesh are necessary when the animals are so agile that alternate barriers are not practical. Fish netting, dyed black to reduce ultraviolet degradation, has been used for bird exhibits allowing large enclosing spans without the obstruction of intermediate supports.

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Enclosure Design
At the Zoo
How to use these activities:

Zoo
Education

Prior to arriving at the Zoo students should have been placed into groups of either 3 or 4. Activity one is a general activity that all students should complete either individually or in their group. Through the use of the question/answer format, activity one is designed to prepare students for the following group work activities. Upon completing activity one, each group should be assigned one other activity to complete in their groups. Each activity is based around a different scenario and requires students to prepare a specific presentation or final product to present to the other groups back at school. Each group will require a digital camera for their task.

Activity 1
Choose an enclosure of your groups choice in the Zoo. Answer the following questions Are there any natural objects used in the landscaping inside the enclosure? List them and provide a reason why the natural object has been placed inside the exhibit. How is the enclosure suitable for public viewing? How has this been achieved? Select one aspect of the enclosure, eg signage, viewing areas, fencing, walkways etc and describe how this could be improved for the public. Taronga Zoo Education Centre 2011 These sheets may be reproduced for teaching purposes. Permission to reproduce them for other purposes may be obtained from the Taronga Zoo Education Centre
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Enclosure Design

Zoo
Education

Select one aspect of the enclosure you think could be improved for the overall wellbeing of the animal/s. Describe what the improvement will be and how this will be achieved. Where are the animals able to retreat from public viewing? Describe where these places are in terms of the overall enclosure. What forms of restraint are used to keep both the animals inside the enclosure and the general public out? (i.e. moat, fencing, raised walkways etc) Which of the animals natural behaviours are being displayed? What would a zookeeper have to do to have too keep this enclosure clean and how is food provided food for the animal? Identify gates to enter and exit the exhibit. Describe where or how they are placed inside the enclosure. For example, are they in direct public view, hidden by planting etc? Can you see any areas that would be off limits to the public viewing so the keepers can isolate or separate animals? Taronga Zoo Education Centre 2011 These sheets may be reproduced for teaching purposes. Permission to reproduce them for other purposes may be obtained from the Taronga Zoo Education Centre
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Enclosure Design
Describe any improvements you would make to this enclosure.

Zoo
Education

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Enclosure Design
Activity 2
Pre-Information
Perhaps more than any other aspect of zoo planning, the design of the actual barrier in the enclosure demands very close working interaction between designers and zoo staff. Barriers do more than simply prevent physical escape or entry: they can prevent the transfer of germs and disease, they can control the flight distance, they are used for safety and they can prevent people from feeding the animals. Animals vary widely in their individual reactions to barriers, whether physical or psychological and therefore the design of these barriers requires a thorough understanding of the animals to be contained.

Zoo
Education

Taronga Zoo uses a variety of different types of barriers in the many exhibits ranging from sunken fences to glass walls, to pion wire.

Task
You are working in an international architectural firm and have been asked by a foreign government to assist in the design of a new zoo being planned for their capital. You have been requested to compile a list of a range of different barriers that you can identify at Taronga Zoo and list the advantages and disadvantges of the barriers to assist in the development of the new foreign zoo. You will be required to use the information that you gain from this task to put together a presentaion explaining your findings and what you believe to be the most ideal barrier. Make sure you use a digital camera to take photos of all the barriers you describe to provide a visual component in your presentation

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Enclosure
example
LIONS

Description of Barrier
Glass wall for public viewing. Brick wall around the rest of the enclosure.

Advantages
-prevents transfer of disease -prevents people throwing objects into enclosure -safe

Disadvantages
-potential reflections - restricts sense of sound and smell -if dirty, will restrict view

Changes you would make

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Enclosure Design
Activity 3
Pre Information
The topography of the current site of Taronga Zoo encouraged the development of the Sky Safari. The reaction by local residents to the construction of the lower terminal and cutting into the foreshore was well documented in local and daily press. Many believed the sky ride was an intrusion on the harbour foreshore.

Zoo
Education

Functionally, the Sky Ride has serious planning flaws. It effectively only services a one-way flow of visitors from the lower entrance arrival point. Queuing makes it longer and more tedious than the State bus alternative that takes visitors up to the Zoos Main Entrance. Those guests who arrive by car or bus at the top of the Zoo should be able to filter down through the Zoo and catch the cable car back up. However, to do this guests have to exit the Zoo at the bottom, walk nearly 500 metres to the ferry terminal and negotiate a long ramped staircase before entering the cabin ride system. The stairs make this option very difficult for those in wheelchair or prams. To help eliminate this problem a lift was installed in the lower cabin entrance building and flat ramps were installed. The picture above of the sky safari on a busy day illustrates the impracticality of the sky safari.

Task
Imagine you were the designer of the Sky Safari. Answer the following questions in order to develop an information report to present back at school. Make sure you take photos to support your answers.

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Enclosure Design

Zoo
Education

What design brief were you provided with by the CEO of Taronga Zoo? List at least two environmental considerations in its design or construction. Observe the towers which support the cable car. List two design features of the towers and possible reasons for these design features. What has been placed on the towers to make them more subtle? How many wheels support the cable? Why are the wheels lined with rubber? List three design faults that you see with the sky safari? 1 2 3 Develop an emergency strategy for evacuating people from the sky safari ... Taronga Zoo Education Centre 2011 These sheets may be reproduced for teaching purposes. Permission to reproduce them for other purposes may be obtained from the Taronga Zoo Education Centre
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Enclosure Design
Activity 4
Pre Information
As a conservation organisation, Taronga Zoo aims to teach the public about the importance of saving wild habitats. One way to do this is to display animals in enclosures that replicate the habitat of the animal in the wild. By displaying animals in these naturalistic exhibits, zoos attempt to give visitors a glimpse into the wild and why it is important to save habitats in order to save animals.

Zoo
Education

There are three basic needs to be considered in planning a zoo animal exhibit: 1. the animal 2. the visitor 3. the staff (keepers) The Streets Creatures of the Wollemi' display is one of the most ambitious ever presented by Taronga Zoo. The Streets Creatures of the Wollemi focuses on the unique flora and fauna of Australian east coast sandstone escarpments. It was designed to display the animals and plants found in that region. The exhibit is relatively new to the zoo, being completed early 2000. It is important for zoos to continually re-evaluate their exhibits to ensure the needs of both the animal, the keeper, and the viewers are still being met. Platypus have traditionally been very difficult to breed in captivity, however they were successfully bred in Taronga Zoos Wollemi exhibit in 2003 and 2004. Take a walk down to the Wollemi exhibit and use a digital camera to take at least 5 photos of the exhibit which will assist you in your presentation back at school.

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Enclosure Design
Task

Zoo
Education

You have been assigned by the NSW Zoological Parks board to assess the Wollemi exhibit. You will need to gather information and take relevant photos to support this information in order to give a power point presentation on the exhibit when you return to school.

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Name of Exhibit.......................... Animals present:... Comments; What environment is being created and how has this been achieved? List the materials that have been used in the construction of the enclosure? Describe some of the challenges that Taronga Zoo staff would have faced in creating this display In what ways does the exhibit cater for each of the multiple species

Describe some of the problems you think may arise as a result of the design of this exhibit

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How does the signage and walkways add to the bushwalk experience.

In what ways do you think the exhibit contributed to successful breeding of platypus? Other interesting notes about the exhibit:

Do you think the Streets Wollemi exhibit meets the needs of the animals? Why? ............................................................................................................... .. ... Do you think the Streets Wollemi exhibit meets the needs of the keepers and the viewers? Why? ......................................................................... ................................................................................................... ...

Enclosure Design
Activity 5
Pre Information

Zoo
Education

In mid 2006, eight Asian elephants were to be flown to Australia to begin their new lives at various zoos around Australia, five bound for Taronga Zoo. Tarongas aim is to use these elephants to commence a co-operative conservation breeding program. Taronga Zoo believes that a successful breeding program would ensure a genetically diverse group of elephants is maintained as insurance against potential collapse of wild populations. However, when the elephants were due to fly out of Thailand, Thai animal rights activists blocked the eight Asian elephants from being shipped to Australia, arguing the animals were being shipped off to live in poor conditions and would suffer in the ill-equipped confines of the Australian facilities. On June 7, 2006, Chaiwat Subprasom from the Environmental News Network wrote; Thai animal rights activists on Tuesday blocked eight Asian elephants from being shipped to Australia, arguing the animals would suffer in zoos that spent millions to create special bathing, exercise and sleeping areas for them. The new exhibit that Taronga has constructed for the elephants is the most advanced enclosure design of recent times including state of the art technologies. Taronga committed extensive resources to ensure that the elephants will have a great home and that we, along with regional Zoos, can make a strong contribution to their conservation needs.

Task
You are a journalist who has been asked to come to Taronga Zoo to assess the new elephant enclosure and to report on its condition and features. Make sure to read the information signage to learn about elephant behaviour which may assist you in recognising structural features which support their natural lifestyle. After compiling your information, you must put together your newspaper article. Make sure you put forward your opinion on whether the elephants should come to Taronga ensuring you justify your response. Use a digital camera to take at least 5 photos of the Wild Asia exhibit which will assist you in putting together your report when you get back to school.
Enclosure Design Stage 4 Design and Technology 24

Enclosure Design

Zoo
Education

List some features of the barn that ensures the elephants are comfortable?

What features can you see that may act as behavioural enrichment?

How does the exibit promote education of the Asian elephants plight? In what ways does this exhibit cater for its Zookeepers?

How do the barriers and surrounding areas encourage a connectiveness between the viewer and the elephant?

What might be the benefit of creating a connection between the elephants and the public in regards to education? .

Enclosure Design Stage 4 Design and Technology

What is achieved through the use of plants, and overall theming? 25

Enclosure Design

Zoo
Education

Notes:

Enclosure Design Stage 4 Design and Technology

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Enclosure Design
Post-visit Activities

Zoo
Education

1. Activities 2-5, each have their own follow up activity which should be completed back at school. Students should be given time to complete their activity and it is recommended that a lesson be put aside for each group to present their final product to the class. 2. Ask students to label the monkey enclosure design (figure 1). Allow students time to add their own behavioural enrichment designs to the sketch. 3. Teachers can also use figure 1 to ask students what changes they personally would make to the design and why. Students can then draw their own design, using figure 1 as a guide. 4. Use the Asian precinct exhibit layout plan (figure 1) to study the layout of the new elephant enclosure. Ask students to determine the most appropriate form of barriers and draw a key to illustrate what barriers would be used and where. Students must justify their answers. 5. Taronga Zoos website contains a great deal of information about the goals and aims of the zoo. Students can integrate this information with the information they have gained from their excursion to assess the effectiveness of Taronga Zoo in creating enclosures that promote behavioural enrichment as well as education and meet the needs of the viewer, the zookeepers, and most importantly, the animal.

Enclosure Design Stage 4 Design and Technology

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Zoo
Education

Resources
Provided below is a list of internet sites relevant to material covered in this resource, conservation and related themes. The list is by no means complete and is subject to change. Please feel free to let us know if you find any interesting sites that could be added to this list. Email Taronga Zoo Education Centre at:

education@zoo.nsw.gov.au
Adelaide Zoo www.adelaidezoo.com.au American Zoo and Aquarium Association www.aza.org Australasian Regional Association of Zoological Parks and Aquaria (A.R.A.Z.P.A.)
The collective association of zoos and aquariums of Australia, New Zealand, Fiji and PNG. Containing links to all member sites.

www.arazpa.org.au Backyard Buddies National Parks site about native plants and animal information www.backyardbuddies.net.au Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation CSIRO www.csiro.au Conservation Breeding Specialist Group www.cbsg.org Enclosed Animals Protection Act (EAPA) Legal specifications for enclosed animals www.agric.nsw.gov.au/reader/1218 Husbandary Manuals www.nagonline.net/husbandry_chapters.htm#A Melbourne Zoo www.zoo.org.au National Geographic www.nationalgeographic.com
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Nature Conservation Council of N.S.W. An umbrella organisation for over 130 conservation and environmental groups in N.S.W. www.nccnsw.org.au National Parks and Wildlife Service www.npws.nsw.gov.au Primate Info Net www.primate.wisc.edu

Zoo
Education

Sacred Earth Sacred Earth is a private organisation dedicated to exploring traditional plant knowledge and cosmologies. www.sacredearth.com United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) World Conservation Monitoring Centre Provides information for policy and action to conserve the living world www.unep-wcmc.org Urban Forest South Australian Urban Forest Biodiversity program www.urbanforest.on.net Wildlife Conservation Society www.wcs.org World Conservation Monitoring Centre www.wcmc.org.uk World Wildlife Fund (WWF) www.panda.org ZooLex A gallery of animal images www.zoolex.org Zoological Parks Board of NSW Taronga and Western Plains Zoos website www.zoo.nsw.gov.au Zoos of the World www.zoos.org

Enclosure Design Stage 4 Design and Technology

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Zoo
Education

Fact Sheets
Contact Taronga Zoos Education Centre to be sent a pack of fact sheets on endangered animals of the world, or check out the Zoos website at www.taronga.org.au Taronga Zoo Education Centre PO Box 20, Mosman, 2088 Ph. (02) 9978 4624 or (02) 9978 4578 Fx. (02) 9978 4508 education@zoo.nsw.gov.au

Enclosure Design Stage 4 Design and Technology

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