Social, Environment, Health and Safety Manual: Prepared For

Social, Environment, Health and Safety Manual
Prepared for
SunBorne Energy Gujarat One Private Ltd. 403, 4th Floor, Unitech Cyber Park, Sector-39, Gurgaon, Haryana, INDIA
Prepared by Arbutus Consultants Pvt. Ltd. J 507-11, West Wing, Mega Center, Magarpatta, Hadapsar, Pune 411 028, INDIA
May, 2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TERMINOLOGY .................................................................................................................................................... 7 1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................. 9 2. MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITES & COMMITMENT: ................................................................................ 10 3. SSEHS POLICY ................................................................................................................................................ 11 4. SAFETY ORGANIZATION IN SEGOPL ........................................................................................................... 12 4.1 CORPORATE ORGANIZATION CHART .......................................................................................................................12 4.2 PLANT ORGANIZATION CHART ...............................................................................................................................12 4.3 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ...............................................................................................................................12 4.3.1 Safety Committee .......................................................................................................................................12 4.3.2 Plant Manager ............................................................................................................................................13 4.3.3 Supervisor/Foreman ..................................................................................................................................14 4.3.4 Responsibility of Individuals ......................................................................................................................15 5 SAFETY COMMUNICATION ............................................................................................................................ 15 5.1 NEED FOR COMMUNICATION ..................................................................................................................................15 5.2 SAFETY NOTICE BOARDS........................................................................................................................................16 5.3 SAFETY POSTERS ..................................................................................................................................................16 5.4 GENERAL DOS AND DONTS ...................................................................................................................................17 5.5 SAFETY CELEBRATIONS .........................................................................................................................................19 6. SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS AND PROCEDURES ............................................................................................... 19 6.1 STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS..................................................................................................................................19 6.2 AS PER THE FACTORIES ACT 1948, CHAPTER 1, CLAUSE 2 (5), (CB)...................................................................20 6.3 SAFETY ASPECTS AND REQUIREMENTS TO ACHIEVE SAFE WORKING ENVIRONMENT ...............................................20 6.4 QUALIFICATIONS FOR OPERATORS AND MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL ..........................................................................21 6.5 MANDATORY SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AS PER IE RULES 1956 AND IS .......................................................................22 6.5.1 General .......................................................................................................................................................22 6.5.2 Earthing......................................................................................................................................................23 6.5.3 Lightning Protection ..................................................................................................................................23 6.5.4 Safe Electrical wiring and Residual protection .........................................................................................24 6.5.5 Safety Protection Equipment .....................................................................................................................24 6.5.6 Good House keeping ...................................................................................................................................28 6.6 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS FOR OPERATING EQUIPMENT INSTALLED IN THE PLANT............................................................28 6.6.1 Log out/Tag out Procedures ......................................................................................................................28 6.6.2 Work on live apparatus and mains ...........................................................................................................31 6.6.3 Pre-arranged shut down ............................................................................................................................31 6.6.4 Issue of Permit to work ..............................................................................................................................31 6.6.5 Special Instructions to Permit Issuing Authority ......................................................................................32 6.6.6 Special Instructions to Supervisors............................................................................................................32 6.7 SAFE HANDLING OF EQUIPMENT .............................................................................................................................33 6.7.1 Equipment in a SPV Plant ..........................................................................................................................33 6.7.2 Safety precautions in Modules ............................................................................................................35 Detailed Project Report 2
6.7.3 6.7.4 6.7.5
Safety Precautions for String Connection Box/String Monitor .........................................................35 Safety Precautions for Inverter ..........................................................................................................36 Safety precautions for HT Switch gears/Transformers .....................................................................36
7. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND CONTROL................................................................................................. 37 7.1 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION ......................................................................................................................................37 7.2 ACCIDENT CONTROL .............................................................................................................................................37 7.2.1 Unsafe Acts .................................................................................................................................................38 7.2.2 Unsafe conditions .......................................................................................................................................38 7.3 ACCIDENTS ..........................................................................................................................................................38 7.3.1 Classifications .............................................................................................................................................39 7.3.2 Causes of accidents .....................................................................................................................................39 7.4 ACCIDENT REPORTING, RECORDING AND INVESTIGATIONS .......................................................................................39 7.4.1 Reporting of accidents other than electrical .............................................................................................40 7.4.2 Reporting of electrical Accidents ...............................................................................................................40 7.4.3 Accident Investigation ...............................................................................................................................41 7.4.4 Action Taken report (ATR) ........................................................................................................................41 7.5. FIRE CONTROL.....................................................................................................................................................41 7.5.1 Fire risk Analysis ........................................................................................................................................41 7.5.2 Fire extinguishers .......................................................................................................................................42 7.5.3 Open Area Fire Points ................................................................................................................................42 7.5.4 Periodic Inspection .....................................................................................................................................43 8. EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AND MOCK DRILLS ...................................................................................... 44 8.1 EMERGENCY PLANS...............................................................................................................................................44 8.2 SEQUENCE OF ACTION IN EMERGENCIES..................................................................................................................44 8.2.1 Fire ..............................................................................................................................................................45 8.2.3 Electric Shock .............................................................................................................................................45 8.2.4 Other types of Accidents .............................................................................................................................45 8.2.5 Technical Emergencies ..............................................................................................................................45 8.3 MOCK DRILLS .......................................................................................................................................................45 9. SAFETY AUDIT ............................................................................................................................................... 46 9.1 OBJECTIVES OF SAFETY AUDIT .........................................................................................................................46 9.2 SCOPE OF SAFETY AUDIT .......................................................................................................................................46 9.3 TYPES OF AUDIT ...................................................................................................................................................47 9.3.1 Routine Inspection- Table below lays down the frequency of inspection/audit in the plant ..................47 9.3.2 Internal audit .............................................................................................................................................48 9.3.3 External Audit ............................................................................................................................................48 10. HEALTH AND HYGIENE PROVISIONS ........................................................................................................ 49 10.1 MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS ..............................................................................................................................49 10.2 MEDICAL FACILITIES ...........................................................................................................................................49 11. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................................... 49
Detailed Project Report
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Safety Warning Symbol ............................................................................................................................................................ 22
LIST OF ANNEXURES
Annexure 1 Annexure 2 Annexure 3 Annexure 4 Annexure 5 Annexure 6 Annexure 7 Annexure 8 Annexure 9 Annexure 10 Annexure 11 Annexure 12 Annexure 13 Annexure 14 : Safety Policy issued by SEGOPL : Corporate Organization Chart : Plant Organization Chart : Permit to work : Application form for pre-arranged shut-downs : Telephone Message Standard Form : Accident Report Form : Fire extinguisher, water type gas cartridge (IS 940)- Maintenance schedule : Fire extinguisher, water type stored pressure (IS 6234)- Maintenance schedule : Fire extinguisher, foam type mechanical (IS 10204)- Maintenance schedule : Fire extinguisher, dry powder type gas cartridge (IS 2171, IS 10658, IS 11833)- Maintenance schedule : Fire extinguisher, carbon dioxide type (IS 2878)- Maintenance schedule : The normal recharge periodicity : CPR procedure
Abbreviations
ABBREVIATION
CPR SEHS GOS HT HV IE Rules IS LV LT PPE SEGOPL SPV
EXPANSION
Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation Environment, Health and Safety Ground Operated Switch High Tension High Voltage Indian Electricity Rules Indian standards Low Voltage Low Tension Personal Protection Equipment SunBorne Energy Gujarat One Private Limited Solar PhotoVoltaic
TERMINOLOGY
A DANGER FORESEEN, AN ACCIDENT PREVENTED
The terms used in this manual shall be interpreted in the most commonly accepted sense consistent with the electrical industry. a) Authorized person: One who is properly authorized to perform specific duties under certain conditions or who is carrying out order from competent authority and as defined under rule 3 of I.E. Rules of 1956. b) Unauthorized person: One who is not permitted to work on electrical apparatus except under the personal supervision of an authorized person. c) Dead: 'Dead' means at or about earth potential and disconnected from any live system, provided that the apparatus separated from a live conductor by a spark gap shall not be deemed to be 'Dead'. Note: The term 'Dead' is used only with reference to current carrying parts, when these parts are not alive. d) Earth i) Earth: 'Earth' means a conducting mass of earth or of any conductor in direct electrical connection therewith. ii) 'Earthed' means connected to earth in such a manner as it will ensure immediate discharge of electrical energy without danger at all times. e) Emergency: 'Emergency' for the purpose of this code means an unusual condition which exists that endangers life and/or property. f) Foreman: 'Foreman or supervisor' shall mean Assistant Engineer/Junior Engineer/the authorized employee directly in charge of workmen doing the work regardless of title. g) Live: 'Live' means electrically charged. h) Permit issuing Officer: 'Permit issuing Officer' is a person who is authorised for ensuring that all controlling switches and circuits have been isolated, made dead and inoperative and that adjacent circuits have been made safe for the work to be carried out and who is authorized to issue the 'Permit to work'. i) Permit to work: 'Permit to work' means a form of declaration signed by and given by one authorized person to another authorized person in-charge of work to be carried out on or adjacent to any electrical apparatus, mains or service lines, for the purpose of making known to such latter person exactly what apparatus, mains or service lines are made dead and earthed and safe for working.
Detailed Project Report 7
j) Protective Equipment: 'Protective Equipment' means devices such as rubber gloves, rubber gauntlets, line hose, rubber boots or other insulating devices, which are especially designed for the protection of workmen. k) Low Voltage: Where the normal voltage is not greater than 250 Volts and in no circumstances exceeds 263 Volts. l) Medium Voltage: Where the normal voltage exceeds 250 Volts but is not greater than 650 Volts and in no circumstances exceeds 683 Volts. m) High Voltage: Where the normal voltage exceeds 650 Volts but is not greater than 33,000 Volts and in no circumstances exceeds 37,125 Volts. n) Extra High Voltage: Where the voltage exceeds 33,000 Volts under normal conditions subject to 12.5% variation.
ENVIRONMENT HEALTH AND SAFETY (SEHS) MANUAL 1. INTRODUCTION

The meaning of safety is Freedom from unacceptable risks or Freedom from danger. Safety in all establishments and installations is a prime requisite, but is often neglected by workers and operators and ignored and by supervisory staff of technical in all installations. working The enormous on electricity growth of economy prevalence equipment
need proper attention. Especially in a plant generating electricity this safety assumes greater significance due to the possible damages that could be caused because of the basic nature of hazards from electrical equipment. Focus on Safety aspects has become essential in view of human, social, economic and other considerations. The complex technical equipment in a solar power plant spread over a large area pose peculiar challenges to the safety of the plant, the operators and the environment around the plant. The content in this manual aims is to explain the ways and means to create a safe and healthy work environment at the premises of 15 MW SPV Plant of SunBorne Energy Gujarat one Private Limited (SEGOPL) located at village Karmaria in Gujarat, for the protection of all equipment machinery and personnel involved in operation and maintenance of the SPV Plant. The SEHS plan is structured for effective implementation as of well SEHS as standards other according to State the Factories Act, 1948, Amendment act 1987 relevant
and central Acts of Govt. of India. The purpose of the SEHS Plan is to make all the employees, contractors, consultants, workmen and any visitor to the SPV Plant aware of minimum safety standards to be adhered to while working or within the premises of the solar power plant. The overall objective of the plan is to ensure effective implementation of Company standards and comply with all statutory provisions related to Environment, Health and Safety (SEHS) and also to meet specific SEHS requirements
2. MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITES & COMMITMENT:
It is the prime responsibility of parent company and plant Management to prevent / control all risks involved in the process of plant operation and maintenance. All Contractors and their sub-contractors and their staff and workmen must co-operate in implementation of SEHS rules and regulations mentioned in SEHS plan without any excuse in the interest of safe guarding Environment health and safety at plant site. It is of contractual responsibility of all concerned to maintain Plants reputation and to take care of workers safety & welfare as a social obligation. The basic requirement of plan is to achieve SEHS goals for successful operation of the SPV plant in the most efficient manner.
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3. SSEHS POLICY
Management of SunBorne Energy Gujarat One Private Ltd is desirous of ensuring the Safety and Health of its employees and attaches utmost importance to safeguard the employees from injury, occupational disease and environment. Management shall make every effort to provide a safe, healthy working environment. The management shall initiate all endeavor to ensure that the plant, machinery, and electrical equipment are safe for use in compliance with established safe working procedures and practices. The company has made it a mandatory requirement that all employees temporary employees visitors and others must comply with the published SSEHS policy. It is in the best interest of practices to consider Social, Environment, Health and Safety in every activity. Commitment to Health and Safety forms an integral part of the organization from management to the workers. The plant shall be operated in such a way that the Safety and Health of all employees, contractors, visitors, local residents and Environment, are ensured and they will not be exposed to unacceptable risks. The Safety Policy issued by SEGOPL is attached as Annexure 1. SEGOPL shall take steps for wide publicity of the safety Policy issued in accordance with Gujarat Factory Rules No. 73-L. All concerned, employees and contracted skilled labour, technicians and visitors shall be made aware of the Safety Policy. Copies shall be displayed in Notice Boards at strategic places for everyone to see. The policy shall also be displayed in the local language to enable local workers to read and comprehend. SEGOPL shall take efforts to impart periodic training through video films on safety to workers for their better understanding visually.
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4. SAFETY ORGANIZATION IN SEGOPL

4.1 Corporate Organization Chart
The Plant is owned by SunBorne Energy Gujarat One Pvt. Ltd., headquartered at 403, Tower A, Unitech Cyber Park, Sector 39, Gurgaon, Haryana, India. The broad corporate organization is as attached at Annexure-2
4.2 Plant Organization Chart

The Plant Head is the Plant Manager who is responsible for the complete plant including its safety. He shall function as the safety officer of the plant and safety shall be one of his duties. The plant organization is attached as Annexure 3. To attach by SEGOPL
4.3 Roles and Responsibilities 4.3.1 Safety Committee

A Safety Committee shall be constituted by the corporate Management which shall be headed by a senior executive. Important points pertaining to formation of committee are as below: The Corporate Safety Officer shall be the Secretary of this Committee The committee shall have equal representation from management staff and workers. Factory Medical Officer shall also be a member of the safety committee. The tenure of the safety committee members shall be 2 years after which it shall be reconstituted. The broad duties of the Committee shall be as below: The safety committee assists the management in achieving the aims and objectives outlined in the Health and Safety Policy of the company. The safety committee should create awareness amongst all workers. The committee should meet at least once a month for review Committee shall study all safety related events and discuss to find remedies Committee shall carry out a hazard and risk assessment and submit report to Management
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The committee shall decide upon requirements or improvements from safety point of view and decide upon the budget planning.
The committee shall carry out health and safety surveys and identify any risks for accidents.
The safety committee shall deliberate on reports of safety, environment and occupational health surveys, emergency plans safety audits, risk assessment and implementation of the recommendations made in the reports.
Committee shall convene immediately after any accident, minor or major to find out the cause and to implement remedial action.
The committee shall identify the PPE required
The Safety Officer shall record the minutes of the meeting and circulate to all. He shall also monitor the implementation of decisions taken to improve safety and reduce risks within the time frame laid down. He shall also be responsible for co ordination with all departments for arranging funds, procurement of PPE, or other equipment for improving safety.
4.3.2 Plant Manager

Clear and specific responsibilities shall be assigned to the executives, supervisors and workers at various levels. This shall enable a system to be in place for ensuring safety at all times. The Plant Manager shall play a crucial role in this aspect. His broad duties pertaining safety shall be as below: Responsible for the overall management of safety, safety planning and
organization in the SPV Plant. The Plant Manager is the team leader and should be the role model for all staff and employees to follow. Prepare and instigate safety policy and procedures, delegate responsibilities to other Competent persons, then check to ensure that they perform satisfactorily Fix the roles and responsibilities in writing and ensure they are fulfilled for each staff member Attend all safety meetings. Review safety plans and prepare work place risk assessments and initiate steps to remove such risks. Carry out informal and formal safety inspections routinely and report findings to the Management.
Initiate necessary corrective action if required by obtaining funds from management for rectification. Educate new contractors to be fully conversant with all safety requirements and implementation of safe work practices in their operations. Set a personal example of implementing the Project Safety Policy
Plant Manager should issue detailed responsibilities for his supervisors along these lines.
4.3.3 Supervisor/Foreman
Supervisor/Foreman have the definite responsibility of ensuring the following: o o o o o o o o Safe working condition. Necessary equipment and its use Properly maintained tools and equipment. Properly planned work performed in a safe manner. Application of the general and special safety instructions by their workmen. Assignment of employees to jobs, which they are capable of doing safely. Immediate steps to correct any violation of safety rules observed or reported to them. Foreman/Supervisor will be held responsible for overseeing that work under them is done in a safe manner. o Each Foreman/Supervisor shall make certain that his men understand following: - Work to be done. Hazards that may be encountered. Proper procedure for doing the work safely.
Frequent periodic inspections of operation and maintenance equipment, work areas, conditions and methods should be made by Foreman / Supervisor as a part of their routine duty. Such inspections are essential to prevent fires and accidents.
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4.3.4 Responsibility of Individuals

4.3.4.1 Definite responsibility of individuals o o o o Safety to himself. Safety to his fellow employees. Protection to the Public. Protection to the Organisation property.
4.3.4.2 Employee to read documents Every employee is expected to study the Safety Manual, familiarise himself with its contents and apply them to work. Ignorance of Rules and Regulations will result in accidents to himself and his co-workers. He should adhere to following: Consult his Foreman or Supervisor whenever in doubt regarding any rules and regulations. Before attempting any work under conditions that he considers to be unsafe, bring them to the attention of the person-in-charge of the work and seek his advice. To report promptly to his foreman or Supervisors any dangerous or improper condition of equipment he notices. 4.3.4.3 Personal Conduct Use of intoxicating liquor while on job is strictly prohibited. No employee shall report for work while he is under the influence of liquor and no foreman or supervisor shall knowingly permit a man to go to work while he is under the influence of liquor. Practical joking and horseplay while on the job is strictly prohibited.
5 SAFETY COMMUNICATION
5.1 Need for communication
Adequate and frequent communication among management and workers is the way to keep the plant safe and secure at all times. Following communication techniques must be implemented: In any factory, a tool box talk system is generally followed. However, this method is not directly applicable here, because, there is no manual intervention in production of electricity. The workers are mainly watch staff to watch over the functioning of equipment. A weekly interaction with the workers is suggested.
After any accident an investigation shall be conducted and the findings of the investigation shall be shared and discussed with the workers. Examples of accidents in similar SPV Plants shall be discussed with workers so that they understand consequences of negligence.
5.2 Safety Notice boards

At prominent places within the plant, safety Notice boards shall be installed and all safety related notices shall be displayed. Notices shall be more visual, with pictures rather than verbatim.
5.3 Safety Posters

Safety is to be continuously on the mind of everyone. Similar to advertisements Safety Posters and Safety Slogans should be prominently displayed at places that they continuously strike the eyes of everyone in the plant. Some slogans are given below:
IGNORANCE OF RULES AND REGULATIONS WILL RESULT IN ACCIDENTS TO YOURSELF AND CO-WORKERS.
STUDY THE USER MANUAL CAREFULLY BEFORE DOING ANYTHING. NO OPERATION OR ACTIVITY IS SO URGENT THAT IT HAS TO BE PERFORMED IN AN UNSAFE MANNER.
TIME IS IMPORTANT BUT SAFETY IS MORE IMPORTANT
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5.4 General Dos and Donts

The dos and dont with respect to electricity can be made as chart and displayed. Some of the points to be covered are given below: ELECTRICITY SAFETY RULES ! Do's 1. DO obey safety instructions given by the person in-charge. 2. DO insulate yourself from earth by standing on rubber mat while attempting to get the person who is in contact with live line or apparatus. 3. DO remove the casualty from the cause, render first aid and send for doctor or take the casualty to the nearest hospital. 4. DO break the circuit by opening the power switch and release the victim. 5. DO preach and practice safety at all times. 6. DO eliminate all short-cuts while on duty. 7. DO use correct size and quality of fuses while renewing the blown out fuse. 8. DO turn your face away whenever an arc or flash occurs. 9. DO ensure controlling switches are opened & locked or fuse holders are withdrawn before working on any electric circuit. 10. DO disconnect the supply immediately in case of fire on or near electrical apparatus. 11. DO keep away inflammables from electrical apparatus. 12. DO report all accidents whether minor or major, fatal or non-fatal, departmental or nondepartmental immediately to the person in-charge.
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ELECTRICITY SAFETY RULES ! Don'ts 1. DO NOT renew a blown fuse until you are satisfied as to the cause and you have rectified the irregularity. 2. DO NOT disconnect a plug by pulling flexible cable when the switch is on. 3. DO NOT use wire with poor insulation. 4. DO NOT close any Switch/GOS/Breaker unless you are familiar with the circuit, which it controls and know the reason for its being kept open. 5. DO NOT work on energised circuits without taking extra precautions, such as use of rubber gloves and gauntlets. 6. DO NOT touch or tamper with any electrical equipment or conductor, unless you have made sure that it is DEAD AND EARTHED. 7. DO NOT work on the live circuit without the specific orders of the supervisor and make certain that all safety precautions have been taken. 8. DO NOT disconnect earthing connection or render ineffective the safety gadgets installed on mains and apparatus. 9. DO NOT open or close switch or fuse slowly or hesitatingly. 10. DO NOT touch an electric circuit when your hands are wet, or bleeding from a cut or an abrasion. 11. DO NOT use fire extinguisher on electrical equipment unless it is clearly marked for that purpose. 12. DO NOT throw water on live electrical equipment in case of fire. 13. DO NOT attempt to disengage a person in contact with a live apparatus, which you cannot switch-off immediately. 14. DO NOT touch his body, push him with a piece of dry wood. 15. DO NOT discontinue artificial respiration until recovery or death is confirmed by the Doctor. 16. DO NOT allow visitors and unauthorised persons to touch or handle electrical apparatus or come within the danger zone of HV apparatus. 17. DO NOT test circuit with bare fingers. 18. DO NOT trust luck, but trust safe practices. 19. DO NOT joke, joke begins in fun, and ends in death. 20. DO NOT shorten your life, life is short and precious
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5.5 Safety Celebrations

Safety Quiz etc may be organized on the occasion of celebrating National Safety Day, National Fire Safety Day and National Environment Day. Workers may be awarded with small gifts publicly as mark of appreciation
6. SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS AND PROCEDURES

6.1 Statutory Requirements
Clear concise and unambiguous instructions are mandatory requirements to ensure a safety culture and awareness in the SPV Plant. The instructions must be known to all employees, contractors, their labourers and visitors as well as anyone concerned with the plant. The safety instructions should adhere to the statutory stipulations and regulations published by the State and Central Govts. Some of the applicable laws relevant to Environment, Health and Safety are as below: The Factories Act 1948, Amendment Act 1947 The Environment Act 1986 Workmens Compensation Act, 1938 Regulation of employment and condition of service Act, 1996 Payment of wages Act, 1936 Minimum wages Act.1948 Employers liability Act, 1938 Industrial dispute Act, 1947 Contractor labour Act, 1970 The Indian Electricity Act 2003 and Indian Electricity Rules 1956 National building Code 2008
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6.2 As per the Factories Act 1948, Chapter 1, Clause 2 (5), (cb)
"Hazardous process" means any process or activity in relation to an industry specified in the First Schedule where, unless special care is taken, raw materials used therein or the intermediate or finished products, bye products, wastes or effluents thereof would(i) Cause material impairment to the health of the persons engaged in or connected \ therewith, Or (ii) Result in the pollution of the general environment: Analyzing above clause it can be concluded that the end product being electricity at 66000 V, is a hazardous product and hence, the SPV Plant is categorized as an area of production for hazardous product. Thus, all relevant rules stipulations of a factory do apply. The safety rules and procedures thus must bring out these aspects.
6.3
Safety aspects and requirements to achieve safe working environment
This can be broadly categorised as under: Mandatory Qualifications and Certifications for Operators and Maintenance Personnel Mandatory Safety requirements in accordance with IE Rules 1956 and specific Electrical safety requirements as per IE Rules and Electricity Act 2003 Safety Precautions for operation/maintenance of equipment installed in the plant. Hazard Identification and preventive measures Prevention of accidents Containment of damage during accidents Fire prevention and protection Fire fighting
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6.4 Qualifications for Operators and maintenance Personnel

The operation and maintenance of such high voltages can be undertaken only by a licensed contractor possessing a License issued by Govt. of Gujarat. The operators and maintenance personnel in an electrical supply environment must have following qualifications: At least ITI qualified electrician and qualified electrician certificate Preferably completed a specialised course conducted in accordance with the syllabus specified at Appendix IV to Annexure XIV of IE Rules 1956. Experience in working and handling high level electrical hardware such as Transformers, LT/HT switch gears etc. The operators and safety personnel should be absolutely familiar with all safety warning symbols as shown in figure below.
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Figure 1: Safety Warning Symbol
6.5 Mandatory safety requirements as per IE Rules 1956 and IS 6.5.1 General
IE Rule No. 29 stipulates that all electric supply lines and apparatus shall be of sufficient ratings for power, insulation and estimated fault current and of sufficient mechanical strength, for the duty which they may be required to perform under the environmental conditions of installation, and shall be constructed, installed, protected, worked and maintained in such a manner as to ensure safety of 2[human beings, animals and property]. SEGOPL shall ensure following to confirm the requirement as stated by following steps:
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The current carrying capacity of cables, short circuit currents etc of the cables already installed shall be confirmed to be within safe limits The fuse ratings, protective breakers etc installed shall also be similarly verified for their capacity. Confirmation that all materials cables, switches and electrical equipment apparatus used confirm to relevant specifications of Bureau of Indian standards wherever laid down (Rule 29(3)). In case any IS standards are not available, equivalent international standards shall be verified and confirmed.
6.5.2 Earthing
The complete SPV Plant is required to be provided with adequate earthing to minimise earth resistance, as laid down in IS-3043. Earthing has been provided in the plant. In order to ensure that the earthing remains effective at all times, following steps shall be taken by SEGOPL: All earth pits shall be numbered suitably with distinct identification number. Periodic measurement of earth resistance and confirmation within limits(once a quarter at each pit) Watering of earth pits once a month or as required based on season (Only for switchyard) Replenishment and improvement to earth pits as necessary when earth resistance increases. Physical verification of condition of GI earth strips once in six months and replace where necessary. Record of measured earth resistance shall be kept for review by higher officials and electrical inspectors. The meggar used for measurement must be with valid calibration certificate while taking measurements.
6.5.3 Lightning Protection

Lightning protection has been provided to the plant by installing Early Streamer Lightning Arrestors 17 Nos. The risk assessment has been carried out by SEGOPL as per IS-2309 and and adequate number provided. In accordance with IS, the lightning arrestors have been separately earthed. Following steps shall be taken to contain any damage from lightning: Earth pits for lightning should be separate and distinct. These pits are not to be connected with a grid. Each earth pit for lightning protection shall be distinctly numbered to identify as the pit for lightning protection.
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Periodic measurement of earth resistance of Down rod and earth pit to be done and record kept. In case of high earth resistance, the matter shall be investigated and measures taken to bring the resistance within limits. The performance check of the lightning arrestor shall be carried out by simulation as recommended by the manufacturer. The lightning arrestors shall be replaced just before expiry of their guarantee period.
6.5.4 Safe Electrical wiring and Residual protection

The internal wiring in the control rooms, inverter rooms, office and similar rooms have been carried out in accordance with IS-732. Earth leakage current circuit breakers operated by any earth leak are mandatory are necessary on the LT side in such areas where human beings frequently switch on/switch off lights, fans etc. SEGOPL shall ensure that: Residual current leakage circuit breaker conforming to IS-12640:2000 are provided. Periodic check, at least once a quarter is carried out to confirm that the breaker is functional.
6.5.5 Safety Protection Equipment

The work on electricity being hazardous, workers are required to wear protective gear. In addition, the premises where electrical equipment are installed also need to be made shock proof by providing for such safety equipment and materials as necessary. Following steps should be taken by SEGOPL: SEGOPL shall ensure that as per IS-15652:2006 rubber mats of minimum10 mm thickness shall be spread in front of all HT Switching equipment. In addition, periodical inspection of mats and for replacement of worn out mats shall also be ensured. All workers shall be issued with PPE before they are sent on any task. The supervisor shall personally ensure that they wear it during the work on electrical or other tasks. The essential PPE for work on electrical and other areas are as listed below:
1. Rubber Gloves, Gauntlets and Rubber Mats 2. Safety Belts 3. Leather Protective Gloves 4. Hand lines 5. Ladders 6. Ropes 7. Hand Tools
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6.5.6 Proper Use of PPE Rubber gauntlets, gloves, mats, boots and galoshes, insulated platforms and stools, safety belts, hand lines, tower wagons and other special insulated devices shall be used as required by employees working on electrical apparatus, underground mains and overhead lines in Switch yard as precaution against accidental electric shock. Pliers and other tools insulated with brittle materials or otherwise liable to have the insulation damaged when in use, shall not be used. The Supervisor in charge of the work will be responsible to test and ensure proper use of the safety equipment, supplied to the gang of workmen under him and see that it is maintained at all times in efficient condition and must immediately bring to the notice of Plant Manger any equipment which is liable to be broken in use, when arrangements will be made immediately for their replacement. 6.5.7 Inspection of PPE All safety equipment shall be thoroughly inspected: (i) Monthly, by the T&P holder/Store keeper (ii) Quarterly, by the Supervisor (iii) Once in six months, by the Plant Manager to confirm they are in good condition. 6.5.8 Proper Use of PPE It is the responsibility of the employee to make use of safety devices properly. Different items required of is described below: Rubber gloves and gauntlets- Rubber gloves should not be rough handled as to be damaged. After the work they should be cleaned, and powdered with French chalk and stored in a safe place. Testing rubber gloves and gauntlets- Before using, the gloves should be checked for cuts, weak spots, pin holes, by an Air Test. This is done by rolling the gloves tightly from the gauntlet end, and noticing if any air escapes. If air leaks the gloves should be discarded. If the right hand glove is found to be unserviceable the pair itself should be discarded. A left hand glove should not be used on right hand.
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6.5.9 Care of Rubber Equipment Rubber equipment should be kept clean and free from oil. They should not be stored near a source of heat, or exposed unnecessarily to sun's heat. They are best stored in protective containers, and should not be tied by cords or threads which may cut it. 6.5.10 Use of Rubber Gloves Rubber gloves should be insisted upon: When inspecting the Transformer or its H.T. & L.T. leads When connecting wire near a live conductor or equipment. A combination of gloves and hickory rod or fuse pole rods should be used where the voltage exceeds 5,000 volts. While opening and closing isolators.
6.5.11 Care of safety belts Safety belt should be properly handled, and periodically treated with oil to prevent its becoming hard. Care should be taken to see that sharp tools or edges do not cut dents and holes in it. Extra holes should not be punched as it weakens the belt. It is best preserved in a separate case. 6.5.12 Leather Protecting Gloves Protective leather gloves may be worn over rubber gauntlets when wires are being spliced or when solder or hot compound are being handled when it is necessary for the person to move about a lot during working, or when line wires are being tied on to insulators or when any other work is being done which might render the gauntlet liable to tear and consequent danger to the wearer. 6.5.13 Ladders Ladders must be of strength to carry double the strain of the heaviest load that would be placed upon them. Defective ladders must never be used. A clearance space of not less than 12 must be provided between ladder rungs. A minimum clearance space of 36/90 cms must be provided in front of ladders where space permits.
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When straight, portable ladders are used on hard surfaces, they must be held or firmly locked in addition, anti-slip shoes must be used where provided. Ladders must be kept free from dirt, grease, and paint-spots. Ladders must be stored upon brackets and in sheltered locations. Ladders must not be placed in front of doors opening towards the ladder, or against window sashes. Step-ladders must be fully opened before being used. Two ladders must not be spliced together. Employees must face ladders when ascending or descending over them, and must have both hands free. Employees must not slide down or try stunts on ladders. Ladders must be periodically inspected; when found defective, they must be repaired or disposed off. Straight, portable ladders must be placed at safe angle about 75 degrees with the horizontal. In other words, place the foot of a 12'/4 Mts ladder 3'/1 Mts. from the object it leans against.
6.5.14 Hand Tools Using hand tools improperly, neglecting to keep them in safe working condition and carelessly leaving them around where they may endanger persons are frequent causes of accidents. Proper tools should always be used for the work. All tools shall be maintained in good working condition. Burred heads shall be promptly redressed. Broken, cracked or otherwise damaged handles shall be replaced. All tools with sharp edges should be kept in sheaths, shields, tool chests or other containers, when not in actual use. A screw driver should never be used as a chisel. Screw drivers with full length metal tong or shank through handle must not be used for electrical work. Other tools such as pliers, wrenches, etc., whether insulated or not insulated shall not be used without rubber gloves while working near live parts of any voltage. All files shall be fitted with substantial handle; workmen should keep files cleaned as this reduces the slipping hazard and prevents skinned hands. Never use metal tapes, rulers, or cloth tapes with metal strands or wood rulers with metal ferrules or joints near energized equipment. Avoid use of long saws among wires as a short circuit may be caused.
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Belt-tools must be well secured to the belt. Only pliers, hammers, wrench and connectors should be carried. All other tools should remain below until needed and then hoisted in bag.
6.5.6 Good House keeping

Good housekeeping is important because workmen may be frequently injured by tripping, stumbling, stepping on or bumping into tools, material and other objects left lying around or by carelessly placed objects falling from above. To ensure good housekeeping following precautions should be observed: Walks, aisles, stairways, fire escapes and all other passage ways shall be kept clear of all obstructions. Tools and materials should not be placed where they may cause tripping or stumbling hazards or where they may fall and strike any one below. Puddles of oil and water create a slipping hazard and should be cleaned up promptly. Nails in boards, such as those removed from scaffolds, forms and packing boxes, constitute a hazard and should be removed. The boards should be carefully stacked or stored. Dirty and oily waste rags should be disposed off as soon as practicable to avoid fire hazard. Broken light bulbs, glass, metal scrap and other sharp objects should be dumped in places, provided specially for them. Discarded fluorescent and other gas filled tubes shall be disposed off safely.
6.6 Safety Precautions for operating equipment installed in the plant

The very first step in ensuring safety during operation/maintenance is to institute a proper control mechanism on who will operate what and in which manner. A system of LOGOUT/TAG OUT (LOTO) may be introduced. A system of work permit system, the permits must be initiated by working department and obtain prior permission from Safety Officer. Safety Officer to issue work permit only after ensuring the required safety measures / precautions are considered by department/ section concerned.
6.6.1 Log out/Tag out Procedures

The Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) policy outlines the requirements arising out of the necessity of "Control of Hazardous Energy Sources" standards. The procedure is designed to identify hazardous energy sources, safe shutdown and start up procedures and isolation and dissipation of hazardous energy. For the purpose of this policy, "energy source" is defined as, "any source of electricit pproducing either DC or AC".
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Lockout/tag out procedures are implemented to prevent injuries to humans caused by unexpected start-up or release of stored energy in electrical switchgears and equipment during repair and maintenance. This LOTO procedure will insure that the switchgear or electrical equipment are isolated and locked/tagged out from all potentially hazardous release of electrical energy so that the employees perform any servicing or maintenance activities are protected from unexpected energization, start up, or release of stored energy that could be injurious to them. 6.6.1.1 Intent of LOTO policy The policy aims to ensure that:

Every employee is sufficiently trained to comprehend that the Electrical switchgear equipment is to be attended to only after following the LOTO procedure Only qualified technicians are allowed to perform any work or operation, in compliance with OEMs requirements. No defective, shutdown or maintenance activity is attempted by unqualified personnel.
6.6.1.2 Objectives of Lockout/Tag out (LOTO)
To lay down minimum safety requirements for the lockout/tag out of isolating electrical sources/devices by using display tags and ensuring that the lockout and Tag out activity remains in place as long as the work on the electrical equipment is being performed.
To ensure that all employees are protected from potentially hazardous electrical energy source when performing service or maintenance activities.
There is every possibility of serious injury or fatalities to all employees working with or around DC or AC Electrical switchgear or equipment. If proper lockout/tag out procedures are followed, it eliminates the risk of accidental contact with direct or stored electrical energy when operating or maintaining these equipment. The employee shall obtain specific instructions from their Plant In-charge/supervisor before proceeding with the work.
The procedure ensures that the technician who fixes the tag on any electrical equipment is the only one who is empowered to remove it. No lockout/tag out tags may be removed or cut by a person other than the one who originally installed the Tag, unless removal is authorized by the appropriate supervisor. The appropriate supervisor shall be the immediate supervisor of the employee who placed the Tag and performed, or is performing, the designated work.
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Before the switchgear or equipment is restarted, a thorough safety check is to be performed and ensure that the equipment is functioning properly. 6.6.1.3 Lockout Sequence It shall be ensured that all employees are aware and religiously follow the procedure as below: Notify all the Operators/employees that servicing or maintenance is required or under way on a the switchgear or equipment and it has been shut down and locked out to perform the servicing or maintenance. The attending operator should intimate the Plant In-charge before carrying out the Lockout of the switchgear or the equipment for the purpose of maintenance or repair. Use the appropriate locks or tags to lock the equipment or display the complete details on the type of repair or maintenance being performed with start time and complete time along with the signature of the technician/shift in-charge. Ensure that all the switches are in switch OFF mode and all the fuses are removed during the lockout.
6.6.1.4 Restoration The restoration procedure to be adopted is as described below: After all servicing or maintenance operations are complete, verify that no one is exposed or likely to be affected when the equipment is started. Check to see that all tools have been removed, and the guards if any have been reinstalled. Notify all affected technicians/employees about the ending of the lockout, and the impending start-up of the affected electrical switchgear or equipment. Remove locks or tags. Start the equipment and check that it is working smoothly and satisfactorily and is safe for the operations. Notify affected technicians/employees that the servicing or maintenance is completed and the electrical switchgear or equipment is ready for use.
6.6.1.5 Switchgears and equipments requiring mandatory LOTO Procedure The following equipment and switch gears shall be covered by the LOTO procedure: 66 KV Isolators in switchyard SF6 Breaker in 66 KV switchyard 11 KV VCB Panels 11/66 KV Control and Relay Panel 11 KV Ring Main Unit (RMU) 0.33 KV LT Panel SMA & Bonfiglioli Inverters SSM of SMA Bonfiglioli String Combiner Boxes.
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6.6.2 Work on live apparatus and mains

a) No employee shall carry out or attempt any work on live apparatus and mains except under authorisation from the Supervisor on a 'Permit-to-work' form as given at annexure - 4 and under the direct supervision of an authorised person, termed 'Supervisor'. b) Where, in the interest of continuity of supply, it is necessary after taking due precautions, to work on live electrical equipment for cleaning and repair work, particularly in Sub-stations, such work shall be carried out only under the personal supervision of Plant Manager.
6.6.3 Pre-arranged shut down

Except for emergencies, all work for repairs, maintenance and construction on or in close proximity to live apparatus and mains shall be pre-arranged and programmed. Accordingly, applications for pre-arranged shut-downs shall be submitted by the Supervisor to the Officer in charge, in the prescribed form, as at annexure - 5 which when duly approved, will be presented to the concerned Permit Issuing Officer for switching out the apparatus and issue of 'Permit-to-work' to commence operations in connection with the work. The duration and nature of work must be clearly explained to the Permit Issuing Officer before getting a permit.
6.6.4 Issue of Permit to work

Before any work or testing is carried out on live mains and apparatus connected to electrical system, a 'Permit-to-work' in the prescribed form covering the apparatus and mains to be worked on or tested must be issued, except in extenuating circumstances such as for the purpose of saving life or plant in the event of any emergency. In such cases, the action taken be reported to the Plant Manager/Supervisor without the least delay. Otherwise the following procedure shall be followed: The staff authorising the work shall issue to the Supervisor necessary authorisation in the prescribed form and this will only become valid after the Permit Issuing Officer, who is responsible for the power supply to the system, has signed on the form and returned it to the Supervisor. The issue of the 'Permit-to-work' form by the Permit Issuing Officer to the authorised person, gives the line clear and authority for the Supervisor to proceed with the work. The Supervisors shall keep in his possession the 'Permit-to-work' form throughout the duration of the work.
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If, for any reasons, the pre- arranged shutdown work cannot be completed within the period applied for, intimation will be given to the Permit Issuing Officer and duration of permit, extended suitably on the permit Form.
6.6.5 Special Instructions to Permit Issuing Authority

The Permit Issuing Authority shall not issue the permit before: The switch/circuit breakers/Isolators or switches have been opened and are completely isolated on both sides; links and fuses opened, apparatus and mains discharged and earthed, and all adjacent live parts adequately protected. Where possible the switches/Isolators shall be locked out and keys kept in safe custody. Isolators/switch at control panels shall also be fixed with 'HOLD', 'LINE CLEAR ISSUED' boards. HOLD BOARDS and 'MEN ON LINE' boards should be attached to apparatus. An entry is made in the log sheet or Register to the effect that the apparatus and mains under the permit have been made dead, on no account shall the apparatus and mains again be made alive until the return by the Supervisor of the 'Permit-to-Work'. Where Sub-permits are issued by the Supervisors to competent persons working in different sections, such Sub-permits should only be accepted for cancellation by the Supervisor and under no circumstances should the Permit Issuing Office of the original permit, accept Sub-permit for cancellation. The Permit Issuing Authority shall, take necessary steps in the circumstances, to ensure that in the event of any tripping of automatic switch /circuit breaker, when the section is switched in such switch / circuit breaker shall not be re-closed until the section/apparatus is thoroughly checked.
6.6.6 Special Instructions to Supervisors

Supervisors will pay special attention to following: No employee shall be ordered or permitted to carry out any work, other than that for which he is competent and trained. Supervisor shall keep with him a list of such trained work men who are competent in a work and verify before giving work. Supervisor shall keep with him a complete list of all persons who are detailed to work on the particular job. All other persons shall be warned to keep away from the area and no one shall be allowed to enter the area. This list shall be kept on record for any further reference.
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The Supervisor, before allowing any Workmen to commence work on the lines, mains or apparatus shall: - Explain to the workmen the nature of work and the precautions taken by the Permit Issuing Officer, to ensure the safety of the workmen and also the precautions to be taken by them during the whole time, when the work is in progress. - Satisfy himself that the switch or switches Isolators controlling the mains and apparatus have been isolated, discharged, properly earthed where possible and tested for pressure with a discharge rod and that caution or Danger Notice have been placed at conspicuous places. - Warn the workmen and the public of the danger that exist in the vicinity of the area covered by the 'Permit-to-work'. - Create a safety zone by short circuiting together all the conductors and adequately earthing on either sides of the place of work.
6.7 Safe Handling of equipment 6.7.1 Equipment in a SPV Plant

The equipment installed in a SPV can be categorised into following: Electrical equipment Electronic equipment Mechanical equipment
The safety requirements would vary with each type of equipment. These shall be brought out in succeeding sections in detail. Photo Voltaic Modules produce DC voltage which can be lethal even in small quantities. This small quantity is progressively enhanced to very high voltages and MW of power. The operators must be made aware of the danger of DC electricity through warning sign boards and symbols as below which he should be able to recognise and understand.
Warning Sign
Electric Shock
Prior to deploying them on the work, following shall be ensured:
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The workers are fully trained on Usage and Operation of PV module installed. They are educated and made aware of on the system components to be operated in the installed system.
Have been trained and educated for basic preventive maintenance of the system. Have been educated with Cautions, Precautions and Informative symbols for Safe operation and usage of system.
Have been handed over the user manual and informed on the preservation of the same.
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6.7.2 Safety precautions in Modules

Solar PV Modules, Array and system generates potentially lethal High DC Voltage, the moment they are exposed to the Sun. Ensure following instructions are issued to operators. Charts should be displayed for their constant reminder. Do not work on modules during heavy windy conditions. Except during cleaning, use opaque material to cover the modules to prevent electricity generation. Ensure that: The contacts are disconnected/isolated while working on modules. Avoid any direct contact with the module terminals and wires. Remove all metallic adornments like Wrist Watch, Jewelry, etc., to avoid any lethal electric shock. Wear protective gloves when working with the terminals. Follow the connection and disconnection sequence of cables as specified during interconnections. Modules absorb heat and light and can rise to very high temperatures. Be careful during handling. Modules are made of glass. Injury can occur if they are broken accidentally. Care should be exercised while working on modules. Use insulated tools, wear goggles, protective clothing and soled rubber shoes. For self safety and for others safety, please read the instructions given in the User Manual very carefully before any work on the modules.
6.7.3 Safety Precautions for String Connection Box/String Monitor

The safety requirements are similar as they are electrical equipment. Following to be ensured: These equipment have limited role for operators/maintenance personnel of the plant. There are very limited activities for the User. Read user manual carefully before undertaking any activity. These are outdoor equipment and IP protected. Do not open covers without any purpose. Wear gloves and personal protective equipment (PPE) before handling the connections. Use insulated tools.
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6.7.4 Safety Precautions for Inverter

Inverter is in connection with the grid. There can be lethal electric shock even when there is no generation from the strings. Extreme precautions are to be taken before working on inverters. Following to be kept in mind by all personnel: Information for work on inverters should be planned in advance and everyone should be aware. Only trained persons must be allowed to work on inverters. Wear proper PPE before opening inverter. Inverter to be isolated both from the grid and from the strings by using switches and the circuit breakers. Ensure no one is working anywhere before switching on again.
6.7.5 Safety precautions for HT Switch gears/Transformers

The maintenance of transformers are covered by IS-10028 and switch gears by IS-10118. Only qualified and trained personnel are permitted to work on such high voltage equipment. The safety requirements while dealing with such high voltage equipment have been covered in the Dos and Donts. However some important aspects are reiterated here: Permit for work should have been obtained before starting any work. Only qualified person should be allowed. Wear complete PPE before proceeding for work on HV switch gears and transformers. Isolate equipment from both ends before opening or starting work on them. The equipment may be hot. Be careful before touching them.
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7. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND CONTROL

7.1 Hazard Identification
SEGOPL has conducted a hazard and risk assessment and have identified that safety procedures are to be instituted to prevent damage that can occur due to following hazards and accidents: Fire- Possible reasons for fire in SPV Plant may be following: Electric short circuit Sparks occurring due to loose connections Transformer oil spills Dried grass catching fire with thrown cigarettes /beedis by workers Workers lighting up fire during cold winter or for making food/tea
Damage to equipment in the open due to vehicle accident- The plant is spread over large area and vehicle movements cannot be avoided. Module cleaning needs water to be carried in large quantities in a tanker. Possibility of vehicle accident does exist.
Breakage of modules due to tools falling/stones and injury to personnelModules could be damaged due to falling tools and splinters may injure workers Negligence of workers causing injury to themselves and others- Carelessness, ill trained or ignorant workers may cause serious damage to themselves and equipment.
7.2 Accident Control

Occurrence of any accident or hazard is controllable by following proper safety procedures only. Safety means proper planning of work, proper usage of safety tools, exercise of good judgment and intelligent supervision. Experience proves that majority of the accidents are preventable. The fundamentals of safety are: Prevention of accidents requires the whole hearted co-operation of all employees of the organisation. A capable and mentally alert employee will avoid accidents. A careless man is a liability to the Organisation. He is dangerous to himself, his fellow workers, the public and the Organisation. Accidents do not just happen. Accidents are the result of unsafe acts or unsafe conditions or a combination of both.
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7.2.1 Unsafe Acts

Unsafe acts which may cause accidents, include the following: Opening and Closing of switches without authority or warning, operating and driving trucks without warning, failure to place warning signs or signals where needed. Working unsafely such as throwing materials or tools, at another worker, jumping from vehicles and platforms, or unnecessary haste. Making safety devices inoperative, either to bypass a faulty device temporarily or for other reasons to resume supply and, later forgetting to get it replaced Using unsafe equipment, wrong tools for the job, or using hands instead of hand tools. Working on live electrical equipment without de-energisation that could have been conveniently be de-energised. Taking unsafe position or posture too close to opening and lifting while in awkward position. (riding on running boards or other unsafe places on vehicles). Distracting, teasing, practical joking, horseplay, quarrelling or annoying. Failure to use safe clothing or protective equipment such as rubber gloves, helmet.
7.2.2 Unsafe conditions

Unsafe conditions which may result in accidents, include the following: Unguarded floor openings like cable ducts in control/inverter rooms, and excavations, exposed live circuits. Improper illumination such as insufficient light or unsuitable location producing glare or objectionable shadows. Unsafe design and construction, such as poor scaffolding and structure while working in the Switch yard. Climbing on to module structure for repairs
7.3 Accidents
One can easily say ACCIDENTS BEGIN, WHERE SAFETY ENDS. An accident may be defined as a sudden mishap that interrupts the operation of an activity.
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7.3.1 Classifications
Accidents can be classified as below: Electrical: Resulting generally from any person or animal coming in contact with live electrical cable or overhead line Mechanical: Mechanical injury resulting from an electrical shock, such as person being thrown off due to electrical shock sustained. Non-electrical: Non Electrical injury due to reasons such as fall from a pole, structure, tower or roof trusses, etc., hurt caused while handling heavy machinery, while driving vehicles, etc., Miscellaneous: Other causes such as fires, explosions, etc.,
7.3.2 Causes of accidents

Causes of accidents are divided into two categories as under: Those over which we have limited control, like floods, landslides, earthquakes, fires, lightning and other acts of nature. Those due to improper or defective equipment and failure to provide adequate protective devices. The human elements or 'Human Factor' is by far the greatest cause of serious accidents Statistics prove that more than ninety percent of Industrial accidents are not due to defective equipment but due to failure on the part of workman and those in authority to observe safety rules and adopt safety devices for accident prevention. Failure under Human factor can be more clearly divided into the following classification: Failure on the part of workmen to observe safety rules made for their protection. Failure on the part of Foremen or others having responsibility over workmen to properly instruct those under their supervision as to their duties and insistence upon workmen to observe safety rules
7.4 Accident Reporting, Recording and Investigations

SEGOPL shall institute a streamlined procedure for reporting an accident as laid down in IS-37861983. Accident records are essential aids to the prevention of accidents. They show the type of accidents most frequently encountered, where they occur and their relative severity. A study of these records will emphasise common hazards and permits a better understanding of the causes of accidents and most effective methods of preventing them. It shall be ensured that:
All accidents, which result in injury or not, shall promptly be reported to the Foreman or Supervisor. Many injury free accidents, which are not reported reoccur with serious consequences.
Every Accident should be investigated to determine the cause and what steps are needed to prevent recurrence. It shall be the responsibility of the person in charge of the job to get a complete detailed cause of the accident as soon as possible after its occurrence.
Immediately on occurrence of accident, a telephonic message/e mail shall be sent to Corporate HQ. The format for message/E mail is attached as Annexure 6.
7.4.1 Reporting of accidents other than electrical

Supervisor in charge of the plant on duty at the time of accident should ensure following procedure in case of an accident: Furnish immediate information to proper authorities on the occasion of every serious accident In the case of death on the spot, the body should not be removed till an enquiry has been held. Fatal accidents to departmental workmen should be reported promptly by the Plant Manager to the corporate HQ. Information should also be immediately furnished to the District Superintendent of Police and concerned Inspector or Sub-Inspector of Police. Non-Fatal accidents should also be reported to the Plant Manger and Corporate HQ. In case of electrical accidents information will also be given to the Chief Electrical Inspector.
7.4.2 Reporting of electrical Accidents

Under Section 33 of the Indian Electricity (Amendment) Act, 1992, all electrical accidents including mechanical injury caused due to electrical shock should be reported by the concerned, within 24 hours to the Electrical Inspector and in case of death, the notice should be sent by telegram or telephone confirmed on the same day in writing. The telephone message should be in the standard form as under Annexure - 7. Telephone message should also be conveyed to the Plant Manager and Corporate HQ. Information should be furnished to the District Superintendent of Police and concerned Inspector or Sub-Inspector of Police. Failure to comply with the above instructions regarding accidents, electrical or nonelectrical, fatal and non-fatal is an offence punishable under the Indian Electricity Act of 1910 and Workmen's Compensation Act
7.4.3 Accident Investigation

Accident investigation is a must, whether the accident is minor or major. A proper procedure for accident investigation as narrated below shall be implemented: Investigating Officer shall be nominated from other departments. It will not be plant manager. Investigating Officer shall record following:: Location of accident Time of accident Full details of person/persons injured Type, nature and extent of injury Causes of injury- electrical, non electrical, fall vehicle, etc., Physical condition of floor like water logging, oil spilling, aisle, etc., Weather condition like Dry, Cold, Rainy etc.,
7.4.4 Action Taken report (ATR)

The report of the investigating officer shall be perused by the Corporate safety Officer and also by the top management. Based on the findings, further action as necessary shall be initiated to prevent reoccurrence. Some of the remedial measures are as below: Award of compensation to injured or the family of deceased Award of punishment to the employee who was negligent Repair/replacement of damaged equipment Meeting of the safety Committee and decide future remedial action Educate employees on the history of accident, the cause and precautions necessary in future.
7.5. Fire Control

Fire accidents in an electrical environment are preventable with adequate protection systems. However, when fire occurs, it becomes difficult to control. SEGOPL has devised adequate safety measures to prevent occurrence of fire. However, necessary remedial fire fighting measures have to be instituted and workers trained for fire fighting.
7.5.1 Fire risk Analysis

The SPV Plant is well spread out occupying large area. Buildings are single storey, small and isolated. The risk of fire spreading rapidly to other areas is minimal. Any fire shall be confined to the location it starts and damage is likely to be localised. In this scenario, there is no need for a
centralised hydrant based fire fighting system which is basically recommended for multi storied buildings only. Hence, the fire fighting system shall be based on following concept: Adequate Number of fire extinguishers placed at strategic points inside buildings Fire Stands in the open areas, with buckets filled with sand, water, and beater rods Fire and smoke detectors at all control rooms and main control room.
7.5.2 Fire extinguishers

Fire extinguishers are of different types and it is important to choose the right type for right application. Workers need to be educated accordingly. The application shall be written prominently on the wall where the fire extinguishers are fixed. Types of fire extinguishers are :
Fire extinguisher, water type gas cartridge (IS 940)- Maintenance schedule is given at Annexure - 8 Fire extinguisher, water type stored pressure (IS 6234)- Maintenance schedule is given at Annexure - 9 Fire extinguisher, foam type mechanical (IS 10204)- Maintenance schedule is given at Annexure - 10 Fire extinguisher, dry powder type gas cartridge (IS 2171, IS 10658, IS 11833)Maintenance schedule is given at Annexure - 11 Fire extinguisher, carbon dioxide type (IS 2878)- Maintenance schedule is given at Annexure - 12
7.5.2.1 Periodic Maintenance/Replacement Fire extinguishers shall need periodic replacement of their charge as per the manufacturers recommendations. The normal recharge periodicity is as given at Annexure 13.
7.5.3 Open Area Fire Points

Fire Points shall be established in open areas as decided by the Safety Committee in the Plant Area. The fire point shall be as under: A small plinth shall be made with two supports and a small shed like structure without walls shall be made (similar to a mini cycle shed). Minimum two buckets with water, two buckets with sand shall be hung from a horizontal rod. 8 feet long steel tube attached with beaters made of steel sheet shall be kept (minimum) 2 Nos.
The fire point shall be painted in red with the words FIRE written in big letters prominently both in English and local language.
7.5.4 Periodic Inspection

Fire safety inspection check list is an important necessity and to be displayed prominently in the office of the Plant Manager. The list shall cover following: Check Clearance maintained between the spare stocks and electrical fittings, wall, ceiling etc Stocks should be kept such that they are easily removable in case of fire All exit points must be free of any obstructions Extinguishers are kept free of obstructions. They shall be mounted on the walls and easily reachable height from ground Check conditions of extinguishers and confirm their functionality. Verify that adequate numbers of spare cartridges of extinguishers are maintained. Quarterly drill on use of extinguishers is conducted for the benefit of workers so that they know how to operate them. Verify condition of access roads and there is enough space for a fire engine to travel to all control rooms. Security patrolling is done properly during night hours. Sufficient quantity of water is maintained in the sump and overhead tank. Ensure that all contractor employees are trained on fire safety. Safety committee meetings discuss about fire safety issues and follow up measures are taken. Ensure mock drills are conducted once in six months. Wind socks are in proper condition Emergency lamps are in working condition Emergency numbers are displayed at conspicuous locations and the numbers are updated periodically.
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8. EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AND MOCK DRILLS

8.1 Emergency Plans
The SPV Plant is well spread over a huge area and is beneficial for easy evacuation of personnel. Following advantages accrue from the peculiarity of the SPV Plant: Large open space is available for assembly of personnel The area is fenced and open space exist between fence and the plant area. People can quickly make a getaway in any direction without any hindrance Any fire occurring in one area cannot easily spread because of lack of continuous medium Fire occurring in one area is likely to be contained in that area. Not withstanding above advantages, it is necessary to have an emergency management for natural disasters, accidents and medical emergencies. The emergency plan shall be as under: Weekly orders to be issued nominating personnel as responsible for specific areas in case of emergency. Such nominated personnel shall read and refresh emergency methods, practice use of fire extinguishers They shall familiarize themselves with all routes and memorise telephone numbers or know the place where the numbers are displayed. The area to assemble in case of fire shall be made known to all. There shall be at least one person in each shift who is trained in treatment of electric shock and cardio pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) The chart for giving CPR shall be displayed prominently in the control rooms. (CPR procedure is given at Annexure 14)
8.2 Sequence of Action in Emergencies

On occurrence of an emergency following sequential action shall be followed by the staff on duty: Sound the siren in long beeps continuously The designated duty persons to rush to the spot of emergency- fire or accident or electric shock Immediately undertake remedial emergency procedure appropriate to the emergency as below:
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8.2.1 Fire
Shout fire! Fire! Loudly and rush for fire fighting equipment and try and contain the fire. Immediately switch off the electricity in the adjacent areas as precautionary measure. One person to call fire station, inform plant manager as soon as possible In case fire is major everyone to collect at the designated area and be ready to evacuate. Evacuate any injured person and give first aid. Call for ambulance or evacuate to hospital if the injury is serious or patient is unconscious Immediately inform police in case of any death. Do not remove the body unless the body is likely to be burnt. Make a detailed report subsequently for the record and investigation.
8.2.3 Electric Shock

Switch off electricity to the affected equipment and isolate it If not switching off, do not touch the person but, push him with wood. Kick him if you are wearing rubber shoes. Start CPR if he is unconscious. Simultaneously call for an ambulance.
8.2.4 Other types of Accidents

Other accidents wherein only a single person or few are involved, may be due to falling, vehicle accident etc. Follow the procedure as below in such cases: Assess damage. Damage may be contained once the incident is over. Remove injured to hospital. In case of death, call police, plant manager and inform hospital.
8.2.5 Technical Emergencies

There could be situations when the equipment are damaged without any human injury. In such cases, the plant manager/supervisor should be informed and the maintenance engineers called for repair/restoration of supply.
8.3 Mock Drills

Mock drills are important to teach the workers about possible accidents and prepare them, so that they do not panic when a calamity actually strikes them. Mock drills shall be of following types: Fire fighting practice- At least once a month, a fire fighting demonstration will be held. The siren will be sounded and all workers will be made to participate in fighting afire created in
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a safe place within the plant. The lessons learnt from the practice shall be conveyed to workers for their improvement. Electric shock- Practice on CPR will be provided to workers as well as saving a person who is in contact with live wire. Other demonstrations- Workers will be demonstrated the bad effects of negligence, littering and dirtying the place, reckless vehicle driving, unsafe working on equipment, not using protective gear etc.
9. SAFETY AUDIT
9.1 Objectives of Safety Audit
To carry out a systematic, critical appraisal of all potential hazards involving personnel, plant, services and operation method and To ensure that Occupational Safety and Health system fully satisfy the legal requirements and those of the companys written safety policies, objectives and progress.
9.2 Scope of Safety Audit

A broad outline of the scope of the safety audit as per IS 14489 is given below: Review of Safety and Health Policy Type , nature and effectiveness of the Safety Organization Awareness and safety level of contractors employee activities Statistical Information on losses and injuries- how good or bad Expansion, Modification and Work Permit systems are in place or not Auditing of Systems for identifying risks, hazards and counter measures Review of various safety procedures and manuals Level, frequency and effectiveness of Safety Training Accident/Incident reporting, investigation and analysis Review of selection, usage and maintenance of PPE
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9.3 Types of Audit

Safety is a constant and continuous requirement and to be adhered to by all at all times. Higher the watch better will be the compliance from everyone. However, the audit can be complacent if done too frequently. For better effectiveness, the audit is divided into: Routine Inspection Internal Audit External Audit
9.3.1 Routine Inspection- Table below lays down the frequency of inspection/audit in the plant
Safety Walk Frequency Daily Safety Inspection 1 month Safety Audit 3 to 4 years ( based on organizational modifications , process changes and accidents, near misses history ) Duration Aim 2 hrs ( during site round randomly) -Housekeeping -Unsafe acts/ Unsafe Conditions 1 day -Housekeeping Unsafe Acts / Unsafe Conditions 3 to 4 days Housekeeping Unsafe Acts/ Unsafe conditions Questionnaires Equipments Procedures General
-Questionnaires Equipment Procedures
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By Whom :---Supervisor Technicians Operation Team Plant Manager Safety Officer X X X X X
X By Management/Safety committee
Monitoring Follow up
9.3.2 Internal audit

Internal audit shall be conducted by an executive nominated by the Management. Who shall be impartial and bring out the deficiencies if any for remedial action.
9.3.3 External Audit

External audit shall be conducted by an external accredited agency who shall go into complete detail of all aspects pertaining to safety. The external audit is important because the external agency shall see the safety aspects with an eagles eye and from the view of an expert body.
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10. HEALTH AND HYGIENE PROVISIONS

10.1 Mandatory Requirements
The management of SEGOPL shall provide adequate facilities as mentioned below to the workers: Keep the premises clean, neat and hygienic Drinking water Toilet facilities All wastes and effluents are disposed off in a hygienic manner Adequate ventilation and circulation of air is available in the work place Adequate lighting for carrying out their operations Spittoons shall be provided at appropriate places Washing facilities for washing utensils lunch boxes etc
10.2 Medical facilities

The company shall ensure availability of first aid box and annual medical checkup for the employees. No employee with any serious illness shall be permitted to operate near vital electrical equipment.
11. Conclusion
Safety is a responsibility of one and all. Fundamental requirement of safety is to learn ABC, ALWAYS BE CAREFUL In an environment of electrical high voltages, safety assumes greater significance because of the danger to life constantly. The company and its employees must take pride in becoming an accident free safe organization for years to come.
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Annexure 1
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Annexure 2 TO BE ADDED BY SUNBORNE GUJARATONE CORPORATE ORGANIZATION CHART
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Annexure 3 PLANT ORGANIZATION CHART
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Annexure 4 ELECTRICAL WORK PERMIT
1. PERMIT APPLICATION (PERFORMING AUTHORITY) Associated cold work permit No.______________________ Location of Electrical work; Equipment to work on (Tag. No)_____________________________ Circuit voltage: ___________________ Type of Electrical Work : Electrical Hot Work /Electrical Proximity work /Electrical Hazardous Work(tick any one) Brief Description of work :
Exact period work : (Date) ________________ From ____________ (hrs) To ___________(hrs) Associated Permit(s): Cold work permit (S/No. ____________________ ) *Excavation permit *Other _____________________________________*Hot work permit GENERAL SAFETY CHECKS *The equipment to be worked on has been damaged *Equipment to be *Qualified and /or authorized Electrical Workers *All necessary personal protective equipment has 1 __________________________________________ been provided 2 __________________________________________ *Standby persons is provided 3 ___________________________________________ *Other ______________________________________ *Number of contract employees working _____________________________________________________
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*Written procedure is available for the job I certify that the above have been checked and format satisfactory Name ____________________Sign ______________________ Date _____________________ Time________________
2. PERMIT APPROVAL (APPROVING AUTHORITY ONLY AUTHORISED PERSONS TO BE APPROVED)
GENERAL SAFETY CHECK PERMIT ENDORSEMENT *The Equipment Tag No. is correct *Potential hazards of the electrical work have been explained *All other necessary permits have been issued *The proposed electrical work and safety precautions *Special PPE required :________________________ been agreed upon __________________________________________ Affected Plan Name/Title Signed Date/Time ______________________________________________________ _________________________________________ *Other Safety requirements ________________________________ _________________________________________ _____________________________________________________
PERMIT APPROVAL & CERTIFICATION
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Annexure 4 Contd HOT WORK PERMIT(THIS COPY TO BE DISPLAYED AT WORK SITE) 1. PERMIT APPLICATION (PERFORMING AUTHORITY) Associated Cold Work Permit No.----------------------------------Type of Hot Work Permit No: *Heavy Hot Work ------------------------------ *Light Hot Work-------------------------------------Location of Hot Work :-------------------------------------------------------------------Equipment to Work on (Tag No.) ----------------------------------------------------------------------Brief Description of Work: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Except Period of Hot Work: (Date) ____________ From ____________ (hrs) To ____________(hrs) Associated Permit(s):*Vessel Entry Permit (S/No-------------------- ) *Excavation Permit (S/No.---------------) *Electrical Permit (S/No. -----------------------) *Other ---------------------------------------GENERAL SAFETY CHECKS Cutting/Welding equipment in good condition *Combustibles within 15Lits, that cant be removed are protected with Fire Extinguishers at work site. Covers. Guards or metal hoods Container Purged of Flammable Vapour*Contractors concerned have been thoroughly explained on all Equipment Cleaned of Combustibles, Relevant safety requirements and work procedure Work Area to be Wet down *Flame curtains necessary Barricades required *Others. Performer Name :__________________ Sign :_________________Date :__________ Time:________________
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Number of Contract Employees Working--------------------------------------------ContractorsName:_______________________Sign:_______________Date:_____________Time:____________
2. PERMIT APPROVAL(APPROVING AUTHORITY ONLY AUTHORISED PERSONS TO BE APPROVED ) *The Equipment tag no. is correct *Standby person is assigned for the duration of hot work *All other necessary permits have been issued*Others Name :___________________________ Sign :__________________ Date :______________ Time:_______________
3. PERMIT APPROVAL (Approving authority-ONLY AUTHORISED PERSONS TO BE APPROVED) *Potential hazards of the work have been explained *Standby person is assigned for the duration of hot work Name :__________________________ Sign :__________________ Date :______________ Time:________________
4. WORK COMPLETED (PERFORMING AUTHORITY) PERMIT EXTENSION *Hot work completed/suspended on ______ at _______ hrs. *The work site The work site has been resurveyed and permit Hot work will resume on ______________ at ______ hrs. conditions have not changed *Work site has been cleared and sources of ignition *The extension of permit granted from__________________ extinguished and removed. to _________________________________________ Name :____________________________________ Sign:______________________________ Name :____________________________________ Sign:______________________________ Date :______________________Time:___________________Date:__________________ Time :_________________
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5. PERMIT CANCELLATION *permit cancellation of permit conditions & safety. 1. THE PERMIT IS AUTOMATICALLY SUSPENDED IN THE EVENT OF PLANT WIDE EMERGENCY OR *Permit cancelled on plant emergency THERE ARE CHANGES IN WORK SITE CONDITIONS MAKING IT UNSAFE TO CONTINUE HOT WORK
Name :________________________ Sign :_______________
2. ALL HOT WORK MUST BE STOPPED AND IGNITION SOURCE EXTINGUISHED IMMEDIATELY.
CAN RESUME UPON CLEARANCE FROM APPROVING AUTHORITY.
Date :_________________________Time :_______________ *Heavy Hot Work : Involving spark / Flame (ex. Welding gas cutting etc) *Light Hot Work : Work generating heat (ex. Drilling, Grinding etc.) *Approving authority for Hot work permit Safety functional loaders Mechanical functional loaders Electrical functional loaders
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Annexure 5 APPLICATION FOR PRE-ARRANGED SHUTDOWNS 1. Name of the applicant 2. Designation and address 3. Area/equipment on which shutdown is required 4. Time, date and duration of shutdown 5. Purpose of shutdown 6. Area affected by shutdown 7. Whether concurrence of competent authority obtained or not 8. Nearest contact No. : : : : : : : :
Signature of applicant
Signature of applicant
Approved by Plant Manager
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Annexure 6 TELEPHONE MESSAGE ACCIDENT REPORT 1. Name of the Area in Plant : ..
2. Date and time of occurrence
: ..
3. Name of the casualty, address, sex and age
: ..
4. Fatal/non-fatal (if non-fatal state condition
: ..
5. Departmental or non-departmental (If own employee, details of Employee. No. and designation etc., to be furnished) : ..
6. Voltage, name of the portin of plant and place of accident : ..
7. State the occurrence in brief
: ..
8. Date and time of reporting
: ..
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Annexure - 7 FORM FOR REPORTING ELECTRICAL ACCIDENTS
1. Date and time of accident 2. Place of accident (Village/Town/Taluk/District and State). 3. System and voltage of supply 4. Designation of the Officer in charge of the supplier in whose jurisdiction the accident occurred. 5. Name of the owner/user of energy in whose premises the accident occurred. 6. Details of Victim(s) (a) Human Sl. No Name of the victim(s) Father's Name Sex of the victim
: :
Full Postal address
Approx age.
Fatal/Nonfatal
(b) Animal Sl. No Description Of animal(s) Numbers Name(s) of the owner(s) Address(es) of the owner(s) Fatal / Non-fatal
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In case the victim(s) is/are employee(s) of Plant a) Designation of such person(s) b) Brief description of the job undertaken, if any
: : :
c) Whether such person/persons was/were allowed to work on the job. :
1. In case the victim(s) is / are employee(s) of a licensed contractor: a) Did the victim(s) possess any electrical workmen's permit(s) supervisor's certificate of competency issued under rule 45? If yes give number and date of issue and the name of issuing authority. b) Name and designation of the person who assigned the duties of the victim(s). (1) In case of accident in the supplier's system, was the permit to work (PTW) taken? 2. (a) Describe fully the nature and extent of injuries, eg., Fatal/ disablement (permanent or temporary) of any portion of the body or burns or other injuries. (b) In case of fatal accident, was the post mortem performed? (3) Detailed causes leading to the accident (to be given in a separate sheet annexed to this form). (4) Action taken regarding first-aid, medical attendance etc, immediately after the occurrence of the accident (give details) (5) Whether District Magistrate and police station concerned have been notified of the accident (if so, give details) (6) Steps taken to preserve the evidence in connection with the accident to the extent possible. (7) Name and designation(s) of the person(s) assisting, supervising the person(s) killed or injured. (8) What safety equipment were given to and used by the person(s) who met with this accident (eg. Rubber gloves, rubber mats, safety belts and ladders etc.,)?
(9) Whether isolating switches and other sectionalising devices were employed to deaden the sections for working on the same? Whether working section was earthed at the site of work? (10) Whether the work on the live portion was undertaken by authorised person(s)?, If so, the name and the designation of such person(s) may be given. (11) Whether artificial resuscitation treatment was given to the person(s) who met with the electrical accident?, if yes, how long was it continued before its abandonment? (12) Name and designation of the persons present at and witnessed the accident. (13) Any other information/Remarks
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Annexure 8 MAINTENANCE CHECKLIST FOR FIRE EXTINGUISHER (FOR ROUTINE CHECK AND MONTHLY MAINTENANCE) (EXTRACTS FROM IS 2190)
FIRE EXTINGUISHER, WATER TYPE GAS CARTRIDGE (IS 940)
a)
Open the extinguisher, see the water level, throw away the water charge. Examine the extinguisher body internally and externally for corrosion and damaged conditions with illuminating probe. Damaged and corroded Extinguishers should be removed from service. Corroded gas cartridge should also be replaced.
b)
Examine the gas cartridge for mass. If there is loss of more than 10 percent of original mass, the cartridge should be sent for re-charging after being replaced by a charged one.
c)
Examine nozzle, strainer, vent holes, internal discharge tube, sealing washer, replace them if not in good condition. Otherwise clean them thoroughly.
d)
Check the operating mechanism for free movement and piercing mechanism if working properly.
e)
Refill the fire extinguisher with clean water.
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Annexure 9 FIRE EXTINGUISHER, WATER TYPE STORED PRESSURE (IS 6234)
a)
Examine and verify that the pressure gauge or any other pressure indicating device fitted in is indicating the internal pressure correctly, if the extinguisher shows a loss of pressure of more than 10 percent, refer to the manufacturers instructions for appropriate action.
b) c)
Examine the extinguisher body externally for corrosion or damage. Weigh the extinguisher (with or without the operating mechanism according to the manufacturers instructions) or use suitable alternate means to check that it contains the correct mass of liquid. Check the mass against the mass recorded when it was first put into service.
d) e) f)
Examine the nozzle and hose and clean if necessary. Examine the hose for wear and replace if not in good condition. Where the extinguishers are designed to have the operating mechanism removed, check the operating mechanism and discharge control (where fitted) for free movement, clean, rectify or replace, if necessary.
g) h)
Replace safety clip/wire seal or equivalent device as originally fitted. Refill the fire extinguisher with clean water. NOTE: As this type of extinguisher is pressurized, it can be opened for inspection only after discharge of the extinguisher. It should be subjected to discharge / performance test every two years. Discharge of the extinguisher. It should be subjected to discharge / performance test every two years.
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Annexure 10 FIRE EXTINGUISHER, FOAM TYPE MECHANICAL (IS 10204)
a)
Open the extinguisher, check the liquid level. Pour liquid in separate clean receptacle to see if there is any sediment at the bottom of the cylinder. Reject the charge if there is sufficient sludge formation.
b)
Examine the extinguisher externally and internally for any corrosion or damage. Damaged and corroded extinguisher should be removed from service. Corroded gas cartridge should also be replaced.
c)
Examine the gas cartridge of mass. If there is loss of more than 10 percent of original mass, replace it with fully charged one.
d)
Examine the foam generating nozzle, strainer, vent holes, internal discharge tube ceiling washer, etc. Replace them, if not in good condition. Otherwise clean them thoroughly.
e)
Check the operating mechanism for free movement and piercing mechanism for proper working.
f)
Clean the hose assembly and check it for any dust/sediment at either shank ends.
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Annexure 11
FIRE EXTINGUISHER, DRY POWDER TYPE GAS CARTRIDGE (IS 2171, IS 10658, IS 11833)
All dry powder extinguishers should be inspected and maintained in accordance with the following. The dry powder extinguishers should be opened in a dry room and for a minimum possible time to avoid effect to atmospheric moisture on powder. a) Dry powder extinguisher, where discharge control is fitted on the nozzle, should be operated before opening the extinguisher to ensure that there is no pressure in the extinguisher. b) Weigh the extinguisher to check the correct mass of powder filled in it which should be marked on the body of extinguisher and record book when it was first put into service. c) Open the extinguisher and remove gas cartridge and see that sealing disc is intact. Weigh and compare its mass with full mass of cartridge marked on it. In case, loss of mass is more than 10 percent, it should be replaced by new cartridge. d) Check the operating mechanism, discharge control for free movement and closing. Examine nozzle, hose, vent holes, piercing mechanism of cap cartridge holder, grease and wipe clean. e) f) Remove the inner shell (if any) and clean port holes. Empty the dry powder in a dry container and examine for caking, lumps and foreign matter, in which case replace it with new dry powder charge. g) Examine the extinguisher body internally for any damage or corrosion and replace corroded or damaged extinguisher. h) i) Clean the extinguisher using dry air. Return the original charge to the extinguisher and fit the cartridge and other fittings.
j)
In case of higher capacity dry powder fire extinguisher as per IS 10658, remove the carbon dioxide cylinder and check the weight marked on the cylinder to ensure that the size conforms to that stipulated in the specification. On weighing, if the loss of mass is more than 10 percent it should be sent for recharging. Also examine the wheel carriage and discharge hose assembly with control nozzle for free flow and test it with dry air.
k)
In case of dry powder extinguisher for metal fires as per IS 11833, in addition to item 10 above, examine the applicator pipe and the discharge shower head for freedom from clogging and clean it with dry air. Sample of the dry powder for metal fire may be tested on a small fire of magnesium turning or chips to ensure that the powder is suitable for metallic fire risks.
l)
The safety valves and pressure gauges fitted on higher capacity extinguishers should be calibrated once in 3 years and recorded in the register.
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Annexure 12
FIRE EXTINGUISHER, CARBON DIOXIDE TYPE (IS 2878)
a)
Examine extinguisher body externally. Damaged or corroded extinguisher should be replaced.
b)
Weigh the extinguisher, compare mass against the mass marked on it for fully, charged extinguisher. It should be sent for refilling if the loss is more than 10 percent of mass. Clean and polish externally.
c)
Examine hose, horn and assembly and clean. In case of trolley mounted extinguisher, examine the wheel carriage for free movement.
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Annexure13 REFILLING SCHEDULE FOR FIRE EXTINGUISHERS AND SCHEDULE FOR OPERATIONAL TEST ON FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
EXTINGUISHERS TO BE REFILLED / OPERATED FOR PERFORMANCE TEST
Once in Two Years a) Portable fire extinguisher, water type stored pressure. b) Portable fire extinguisher, mechanical foam type.
Once in Five Years a) Portable fire extinguisher, water type (gas cartridge) b) Fire extinguisher, carbon dioxide type (portable and trolley mounted) c) Dry powder fire extinguishers for metal fires.
NOTES: 1. In corrosive environments, it is desirable to have the discharge test carried out at half the frequency mentioned. 2. As for the restriction on release of Halon in atmosphere, it need not be necessary to refill / operate Halon 1211 type portable fire extinguisher within any stipulated period. However as regards the pressure of injections gas, i.e., dry N2 it should be checked up for the adequate pressure on the pressure gauge / indicating gauge and the contents by weighing the fire extinguisher.
Once in Three years BC and ABC dry powder conforming to IS 4308 and IS 14609.
SCHEDULE FOR HYDRAULIC PRESSURE TESTING OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS 1. Every extinguisher installed in premises shall be hydraulically pressure tested as per the schedule given below. There shall not be any leakage or visible distortion. Extinguisher which falls in this requirement shall be replaced.
2. The carbon dioxide type and Halon 1211 type fire extinguishers shall be pressure tested every time the cylinders are sent for recharging (after periodic discharge test or otherwise) to the pressure specified in the relevant Indian standard specifications.
Sr. No.
Type of Extinguisher Water type (gas cartridge) (IS 940) Water type stored pressure) (IS 6234) Mechanical (IS 10204) Dry powder type foam
Test interval
Test Pressure
Pressure Maintained for
3 yr
1.75 MPa
2.5 min
2 yr
2.5 MPa
2.5 min
3 yr
1.75 MPa
2.5 min
(IS 2171, IS 10658, IS 11833)
3 yr
2.5 MPa
2.5 min
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Annexure 14 CARDIO PULMONARY RESUSCITATION PROCEDURE(CPR) Place victim on flat surface Tilt the head slightly Take a breath not a deep breath Place your mouth on the victims and blow, pinching nose if necessary Give 4-5 puffs in 5 seconds Check for pulse. If pulse is present continue giving one breath every 5 seconds If there is no pulse felt, begin CPR, i.e. chest compressions Press the middle of the chest bone with two palms Press about an inch 5 compressions in 3 seconds After victim resumes breathing, treat for other injuries like burns or wounds If not.. Well, do the needful
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Social, Environment, Health and Safety Manual: Prepared For

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Social, Environment, Health and Safety Manual

6.7.3 6.7.4 6.7.5

Detailed Project Report

Detailed Project Report

Detailed Project Report

Detailed Project Report

Detailed Project Report

ENVIRONMENT HEALTH AND SAFETY (SEHS) MANUAL 1. INTRODUCTION

Detailed Project Report

2. MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITES & COMMITMENT:

Detailed Project Report

Detailed Project Report

4. SAFETY ORGANIZATION IN SEGOPL

4.2 Plant Organization Chart

4.3 Roles and Responsibilities 4.3.1 Safety Committee

Detailed Project Report

The committee shall identify the PPE required

4.3.2 Plant Manager

Detailed Project Report

4.3.4 Responsibility of Individuals

5.2 Safety Notice boards

5.3 Safety Posters

TIME IS IMPORTANT BUT SAFETY IS MORE IMPORTANT

Detailed Project Report

5.4 General Dos and Donts

Detailed Project Report

Detailed Project Report

5.5 Safety Celebrations

6. SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS AND PROCEDURES

Detailed Project Report

Safety aspects and requirements to achieve safe working environment

Detailed Project Report

6.4 Qualifications for Operators and maintenance Personnel

Detailed Project Report

Figure 1: Safety Warning Symbol

6.5.3 Lightning Protection

Detailed Project Report

6.5.4 Safe Electrical wiring and Residual protection

6.5.5 Safety Protection Equipment

Detailed Project Report

Detailed Project Report

Detailed Project Report

Detailed Project Report

6.5.6 Good House keeping

6.6 Safety Precautions for operating equipment installed in the plant

6.6.1 Log out/Tag out Procedures

Detailed Project Report

6.6.1.2 Objectives of Lockout/Tag out (LOTO)

Detailed Project Report

Detailed Project Report

6.6.2 Work on live apparatus and mains

6.6.3 Pre-arranged shut down

6.6.4 Issue of Permit to work

Detailed Project Report

6.6.5 Special Instructions to Permit Issuing Authority

6.6.6 Special Instructions to Supervisors

Detailed Project Report

6.7 Safe Handling of equipment 6.7.1 Equipment in a SPV Plant

Prior to deploying them on the work, following shall be ensured:

Detailed Project Report

Detailed Project Report

6.7.2 Safety precautions in Modules

6.7.3 Safety Precautions for String Connection Box/String Monitor

Number of Contract Employees Working--------------------------------------------ContractorsName:_______________Sign:_Date:_Time:______

Name :__________ Sign :_