Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Date
HOW
math vocabulary
A product represented as a base with an exponent is called a power. 43 is a power of 4. exponent 43 base
Notice that in the denominator 10 is used as a factor 3 times. E xample 3 270 A power with an exponent of 0 has a value of 1. 270 5 1
TRY it yourself!
Write each power as a product of factors. Then evaluate.
1. 104 2. 223 3. 1025
1 6. 10 3 10 3 10 3 10
Name Class
Date
Complete silence Recording studio Relaxing in a quiet room Talking at the dinner table Sample Problem: Jason wants to know how the sound he experiences Riding to school in a car riding in a car compares to the sound of talking at the dinner table. Using power Compare the sound intensities using tools in shop class watts per square meter.
1. Read and Understand
What is the sound intensity of riding in a car? (1024 W/m2) What is the sound intensity of talking at the dinner table? (1026 W/m2) Write a ratio to compare the sound intensities.
1024 5 1026 10 3 10 3 10 106 Simplify the ratio. 5 4 10 3 10 10 10 2 4 W> m2 10 2 6 W> m2
The sound intensity for riding in a car is 100 times greater than talking at dinner.
3. Look Back and Check
TRY it yourself!
1. Find the difference in decibels between using power tools in shop class
andrelaxing in a quiet room. Then compare the sounds using watts per squaremeter.
3. Use the data in the table. Explain why a change of 10 decibels is equal to a
Name Class
Date
how
6. 7 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. S 6.78
6.78 3 109
E xample 2 Write 0.000000501 in scientificnotation. Move the decimal point 7 places to the right to form a number between 1 and 10. Write the product of 5.01 and a power of 10 with27 as the exponent. 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 5. 0 1 S 5.01 5.01 3 1027
E xample 3 Write 2.076 3 108 in standardform. Write 2.076. Move the decimal point 8 places to the right since the exponent is 8. Add commas. 2 . 0 7 6 0 0 0 0 0 . S 207,600,000
E xample 4 Write 6.108 3 1026 in standard form. Write 6.108. Move the decimal point 6 places to the left since the exponent is 26. Place a 0 before the decimal point. . 0 0 0 0 0 6 . 1 0 8 S 0.000006108
TRY it yourself!
Write each number in scientific notation.
1. 56,782,500,000 2. 0.00000807 3. 100.001
41
Math Skill and Problem-Solving Activities
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Name Class
Date
Sample Problem: Ana rounded an astronomical unit to the nearest million kilometers and wrote it in scientific notation as 15 3 107 km. Zena said it is 1.5 3 108 km. Who is right? Why?
1. Read and Understand
What is an astronomical unit? (149,597,870 km) What is scientific notation? (a way to write numbers using powers of 10)
2. Plan and Solve
Round 149,597,870 km to the nearest million kilometers. Write 150,000,000 in scientific notation. Find the person who answered correctly.
Explain why the other person is wrong. The decimal factor in scientific notation must be between 1 and 10.
3. Look Back and Check
Does the answer make sense? (Yes, the answer uses the correct format for scientific notation.)
TRY it yourself!
1. Which distance in the table is written in scientific notation? Explain. 2. Write the distance of a fathom in scientific notation. 3. Use standard form and scientific notation to write the number of meters in
anangstrom.
4. Write the number of kilometers in a light-year in standard form. 5. Which unit represents the greatest distance? Explain your reasoning.
42
Math Skill and Problem-Solving Activities
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Name Class
Date
HOW
E xample 1 (3.230 3 105) 1 (6.034 3 105) The exponents are the same. Add 3.23 and 6.034. 3.230 1 6.034 9.264 9.264 3 105 7.23 2 6.89 0.34 0.34 3 108 3.4 3 107
Write the product of 9.264 and 105 . E xample 2 (7.23 3 108) 2 (6.89 3 108) The exponents are the same. Subtract 6.89 from 7.23. Write the product of 0.34 and 108 . Rewrite in scientific notation. E xample 3 (1.03 3 104) 1 (2.089 3 105) The exponents are not the same. Rewrite, using the same exponents. Add 0.103 and 2.089. Write the product of 2.192 and 105 .
TRY it yourself!
Add or subtract.
1. (7.6 3 105) 1 (3.2 3 105) 2. (9.09 3 1024) 2 (2.9 3 1024)
43
Math Skill and Problem-Solving Activities
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Name Class
Date
Average Distance from Sun (km) 5.8 3 107 1.08 3 108 1.50 3 108 2.28 3 108 7.78 3 108 1.430 3 109 2.870 3 109 4.500 3 109
Mass (kg) 3.30 3 1023 4.87 3 1024 5.976 3 1024 6.418 3 1023 1.899 3 1027 5.685 3 1026 8.684 3 1025 1.02 3 1026
What are the three planets closestto the Sun? (Mercury, Venus, Earth) What operation is used to find the combined mass? (addition)
2. Plan and Solve
3.30 3 1023 5 0.330 3 1024 4.87 3 1024 5 4.87 3 1024 1 5.976 3 1024 5 5.976 3 1024 11.176 3 1024 11.176 3 1024 5 1.1176 3 1025 1.1176 3 1025 kg
Rewrite so the exponents are the same. Then add. Check whether the answer is written in scientific notation. Rewrite if needed. Label the answer with the correct unit.
3. Look Back and Check
Does the answer make sense? (Yes, rounding the masses and adding gives 1.1 3 1025 kg which is close to 1.1176 3 1025 kg.)
TRY it yourself!
Write each answer in scientific notation.
1. What is the difference in mass between the planet with the greatest mass
4. Use the data in the table to write two problems that involve addition
44
Math Skill and Problem-Solving Activities
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Name Class
Date
how
4.3 3 5.04 5 21.672 105 3 103 5 105 1 3 5 108 21.672 3 108 5 2.1672 3 109
TRY it yourself!
Multiply or divide.
1. (3.7 3 105) 3 (6.3 3 104) 2. (1.595 3 104) 4 (2.9 3 105)
45
Math Skill and Problem-Solving Activities
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Name Class
Date
What equation is needed to solve this problem? (Wavelength 5 Frequency) What frequency is the amateur radio operator using? (1.818 3 106 Hz)
2. Plan and Solve
Speed
Speed
TRY it yourself!
1. A local television station broadcasts at a wavelength of 6 m. At what frequency
is it broadcasting?
3. An AM radio station broadcasts at 1.2 3 106 Hz. At what wavelength does this
station broadcast?
46
Math Skill and Problem-Solving Activities
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Name Class
Date
Section 4 Review
When do elephants have eight feet? To find out, locate the correct answers at the bottom of the page and shade the letters above them. The remaining letters answer the riddle. (Hint: Some answers may be written as decimals.)
1. Evaluate: 922 2. (1.25 3 102) 3 (8.0 3 103) 5 3. Evaluate: 103 5 4. (2.5 3 106) 3 (2.0 3 103) 5 5. (1.25 3 105) 3 (4.0 3 102) 5 6. Evaluate: 10 2 5 5 7. (9.5 3 108) 2 (2.5 3 108) 5 8. Evaluate: 34 9. (7.5 3 106) 4 (2.5 3 102) 5 10. (1.5 3 106) 4 (3.0 3 1023) 5 11. (3.5 3 1023) 1 (2.5 3 1023) 5 12. (3.5 3 105) 3 (2.0 3 1023) 5 13. Evaluate: 323 14. Evaluate: 1023 5
W
2 10
A
1 1,000
H
6 3 103
C
1 81
E
5 3 105
N
1 9
T
27
H
100
6 3 1023 1 3 106
S
1,000
R
7 3 109
E
1
D
1 27
L
81
A
1 2
U
0.00001
R
8
5 3 108 4 3 103
E
50
T
7.0
O
48
7 3 102 5 3 109
47
Math Skill and Problem-Solving Activities
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Name Class
Date
of sound intensity of 1024 W/m2. How many times greater is the sound intensity in a car than complete silence?
10212
electromagnetic wave with a wavelength of 5 meters? Remember, electromagnetic waves travel at a speed of about 3 3 108 m/s.
atoms of carbon-12 in 12 grams of carbon-12. About how many atoms of carbon-12 would there be in 60 grams?
Use the Table for Problems 79. Unit Distance (km) Astronomical unit Light-year Parsec
kg. The mass of Saturn is 5.685 3 Which planet has the greater mass? How much greater?
1026
in a light-year.
in a parsec.
kg. Earth has a mass of 5.976 3 What is the combined mass of the two planets?
1024
aparsec.
48
Math Skill and Problem-Solving Activities
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved.