COMBUSTION OF LIQUID FUELS

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

PHASES OF LIQUID FUEL BURNING

Two phases of liquid fuel burning: a) phase of liquid evaporation, b) phase of vapour burning.

Cloud of vapour Droplet of fuel

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

DOMINATING FACTORS OF OIL COMBUSTION

- liquid evaporation, - mixing of vapour and oxidizer (air), - chemical kinetics of combustion in gas phase.

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

INFLUENCE OF GEOMETRY ON THE COMBUSTION PATTERN

ciepa przewodzenie heat conduction air diffusion flame soot kinetic flame

radiation droplet of fuel

evaporation droplets + air

air

liquid fuel

diffusion

10

-6

10

-5

10

-4

10

-3

10

-2

10

-1

10

10

size [m]

BURNING OF SINGLE OIL DROPLET

oxidizer vapour droplet products of combustion

s = kd02

vapour oxidizer flame

Diffusion model of single oil droplet combustion:

a) flame geometry, b) temperature and fuel Cf /oxygen CO2 content

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

TIME OF BURNOUT OF A SINGLE OIL DROPLET Time of burnuot s :

s = kd02
do initial diameter, k coefficient.

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

INFLUENCE OF FLOWFIELD ON THE COMBUSTION PATTERN

border of heated area droplet fuel

flame

oxygen fumes

gas flow

a) Influence of natural convection, b) Influence of forced convection (1 flow, 2 droplet, 3 AND recirculation COMBUSTION FUELS zone)

INFLUENCE OF INNER ROTATION OF LIQUID ON THE COMBUSTION PATTERN

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

Influence of droplet evaporation on the combustion pattern

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

BURNING OF A SINGLE DROPLET OF HEAVY OIL

Four phases of combustion:
I time of induction ignition ended with ignition of light fractions of oil, II burning evaporation, cracking of heavy fractions of oil, formation of coke shell, III micro explosion destruction of coke shall, IV burnout of coke shall.

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

HISTORY OF A SINGLE DROPLET BURNING (part 1)

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

HISTORY OF A SINGLE DROPLET BURNING (part 2)

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

TEMPERATURE HISTORY OF A SINGLE DROPLET BURNING

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

COKE SHALE FORMATION AND RESIDUE

Shell formation Coke shell

fuel droplet

coke shell

fragments of the broken coke shell

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

OIL-COKE MICROSCOPE PHOTO

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

PATTERNS OF OIL DROPLETS BURNING IN FLAME

Group combustion

diffusion flame

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

STRUCTURE OF DISPERSED OIL FLAME

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

STRUCTURE OF DISPERSED OIL FLAME: 1D - MODEL

1 2 3 4

oil droplets + air flow dirrection

fumes

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

STRUCTURE OF SPRAYED OIL FLAME

1 stream of sprayed fuel, 2 zone of evaporation, 3 zone of ignition, 4 zone of combustion of individual droplets, 5 boundary of flame

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

STRUCTURE OF SWIRLED OIL FLAME

oil spraying zone

air

recirculation zone

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

INFLUENCE OF SPRAY PATTERN ON THE OIL-FLAME STRUCTURE

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

TWO TYPES OF SPRAY PATTERN:

A HOLLOW B SOLID

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

HOLLOW CONE PLAME PATTERN

FULL (SOLID) CONE PLAME PATTERN

Structure of swirled oil flame

Structure of swirled oil flame

OIL BURNERS

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

COMPACT OIL BURNERS

Compact oil burner has three main units: oil atomisation, aerodynamics, control.

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

SCHEME OF COMPACT OIL-BURNER

oil pump oil filter ignition ignition electrodes nozzle transformer cut off valve oil supply unit oil pressure regulator

head of burner

ignition transformer fan

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

EXAMPLE OF COMPACT OIL BURNER

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

COMPACT OIL BURNER INSTALLED IN A BOILER

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

HEAVY OIL BURNERS OF THE LANCE TYPE

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

HEAVY OIL LANCE BURNER FOR BOILERS START UP

1 diffuser, 2 lance, 3 electric igniters air box (P steam, M COMBUSTION mazout, P1, P2 AND primary and secondary air) FUELS

LANCE OF MAZOUT BURNER

steam

oil

PARAMETERS OF MAZOUT AND STEAM IN START-UP BURNER

Parameter
Mazout pressure Mazout temperature Steam pressure Steam temperature

Unit
MPa
oC

Value
0.4 0.6 115 130 0.8 1.0 230

MPa
oC

COMBUSTION AND FUELS

LOCATION OF MAZOUT BURNER IN SWIRL BURNER

MAZOUT BURNER IN BOILER FURNACE

SCANNER OF MAZOUT FLAME IN BOILER FURNACE

FIREYE InSight type 95 COMBUSTION AND FUELS

LAMP OIL BURNER

wick

COMBUSTION AND FUELS