ECE402, Purdue University, WL

Basic Use of PSpice via ORCAD Capture

Created by Nithin Raghunathan, August 2007

ECE402, Purdue University, WL

This tutorial is student generated and/or inspired. The purpose is to allow design students to learn to do simple analog simulations using PSpice as modified by Orcad and Cadence.

Action 1. Start the Project.

Page A-1 A-2 A-2 A-2 A-9 A-3 A-5

Page B-1 B-2 B-2 B-3 B-3 B-3

Notes

2. Construct the circuit.

a. Use PSpice devices. b. Picking and placing components c. Use appropriate Signal Sources for: 1) Transient Analysis (Time Domain Response) 2) AC Analysis (Frequency Response) 3) DC Analysis

Others do not work. R, C, and Ground Summary of Sources VSIN (series sources) VAC (series sources)

3. Selecting and Placing Markers 4. Simulate the performance of the circuit.

a. Set-up a new Simulation Profile. 1) Transient Analysis (Time Domain Response) 2) AC Analysis (Frequency Response) 3) DC Analysis b. Run the simulation. c. Edit the Simulation Profile. 1) Transient Analysis (Time Domain Response) 2) AC Analysis (Frequency Response) 3) DC Analysis d. Run another simulation

A-4

B-5

Linear and dB

A-4 A-6 A-5

B-6

B-7

B-8 B-9 B-10 B-10

5. Save the Project 6. Recall and Restart

ECE402, Purdue University, WL 1. Open Capture CIS 2. Start menu > Programs > ECE Software > Cadence PSD 15.1 > Capture CIS. Select PCB Design Studio with Capture CIS from drop down menu, Click OK. (You may need to wait 5 to 20 seconds for the Design Studio blurb to vanish.) For those using the student version Start menu > Programs > Orcad Family Release 9.2 Lite edition >Capture CIS Lite edition 3. To start A NEW SPICE SIMULATION, click File menu > New > Project. A dialog box appears as follows. Enter a name for your schematic that you would want to simulate. Also in the location field: select a directory location where you want to save the project files. Make sure the Analog or Mixed A/D is selected.

Note : Selecting Schematic would only enable you to draw a schematic and will not enable you to do a PSpice simulation. 4. In the dialog box that appears, select: Create a blank project to start a new project. For advanced users, you could select an existing project that you have created so that the settings would transfer to your current project.

A-1

ECE402, Purdue University, WL 5. The Schematic window should open. Click on the blank schematic page. A resource bar should appear on the right-hand edge of the screen. At this point you can begin to enter the circuit you wish to simulate. To place a component, click on the small AND Gate at the top of the bar. Add PSpice components: Add Library, select all the components in the PSpice folder Open.

As a precaution: When adding Parts from the Parts window select components which display this symbol below the preview box. This indicates that there is a PSpice model available for the part and would therefore ensure a smoother simulation 6. For the purpose of this tutorial, you will be creating a simple RC filter and run two types of analysis a time domain analysis and a frequency simulation

A-2

ECE402, Purdue University, WL 7. For the Transient analysis, first create a circuit as shown below. The source needed for transient analysis, in this case, has to be a sinusoidal source called Vsin available in the source.olb of the PSpice directory. Specify the parameters for the source by double clicking the parameter and indicating the value in the value field. In this case, the parameter indicated for the source is 0V offset, 1V for the amplitude and frequency 1 kHz.

Note: Use the 0/SOURCE from the place ground window as the ground for your circuit as this is the PSpice ground.

8. Now you would need to create a simulation profile. This is done using the new 9. simulation profile button on the toolbar . Give a name for the simulation you would want to run, in this tutorial its been named as trans and then click on the create button.

A-3

ECE402, Purdue University, WL 10. Now a new dialog box called the Simulation Settings trans opens up. Under the Analysis tab, select the Time Domain in Analysis type drop down box. Setting the ending time for thee simulation, note that this has been set to 10ms in this case and then click OK, this would return you back to the schematic window.

11. The next step in the process is to place a voltage marker at the node point thats needed to be observed in the circuit. First select the voltage marker by clicking on the voltage marker button on the toolbar . Next place the marker on the pin or node where you would want o observe the voltage and then right click and select end mode or press the ESC button on the keyboard. In this case, the voltage is observed at the output of the RC filter which is between R1 and C1. After the marker is placed, the circuit should look something like this:

Similarly you can add current, power or differential voltage markers , power , or differential voltage marker using the current buttons on the toolbar to measure the current or power at a node or the voltage between two nodes respectively A-4

ECE402, Purdue University, WL 12. Now its time to run the PSpice simulation. This is done by clicking on the run PSpice button on the toolbar. This starts up PSpice and brings up the output waveform in PSpice window as shown below if there are no errors in the schematic and PSpice settings. Now the transient simulation is complete.

13. For the Frequency Analysis: Follow steps 1-4 to create the circuit shown below. The source used in this circuit is the Vac source found in the source.olb library in the PSpice folder. Set the maximum ac voltage and the dc voltage for this source by double-clicking on the parameters. In this tutorial the values have been set to 1V Ac and 0V Dc.

Note: Use the 0/SOURCE from the place ground window as the ground for your circuit as this is the PSpice ground.

A-5

ECE402, Purdue University, WL

14. Follow Steps 7 except in this case the simulation profile is named as freq. Now the Simulation Setting freq dialog box opens. For the frequency analysis the AC Sweep/Noise option is selected form the analysis type drop down box. Also select the sweep type and the starting and ending frequency and laso the number points per decade. Note that in this tutorial the Start frequency ,End frequency and the Points/decade have been set to 10 Hz ,1 kHz and 100 respectively. Click the OK to apply the setting , this takes you back to the schematic window and then follow step 9.

A-6

ECE402, Purdue University, WL

15. Now run the PSpice simulation clicking on the run PSpice button on the toolbar. This starts up PSpice and brings up the output waveform in PSpice window as shown below if there are no errors in the schematic and PSpice settings. Now the frequency simulation is complete.

16. Now in addition to all this the DC bias for the circuit can been seen in Capture schematic, after the simulation has run by clicking on the Enable Bias Voltage Display button in the toolbar . This completes the PSpice tutorial

A-7

ECE402, Purdue University, WL

This tutorial is student generated and/or inspired. The purpose is to allow design students to learn to do simple analog simulations using PSpice as modified by Orcad and Cadence.

Action 1. Start the Project.

Page A-1 A-2 A-2 A-2 A-9 A-3 A-5

Page B-1 B-2 B-2 B-3 B-3 B-3

Notes

2. Construct the circuit.

a. Use PSpice devices. b. Picking and placing components c. Use appropriate Signal Sources for: 1) Transient Analysis (Time Domain Response) 2) AC Analysis (Frequency Response) 3) DC Analysis

Others do not work. R, C, and Ground Summary of Sources VSIN (series sources) VAC (series sources)

3. Selecting and Placing Markers 4. Simulate the performance of the circuit.

a. Set-up a new Simulation Profile. 1) Transient Analysis (Time Domain Response) 2) AC Analysis (Frequency Response) 3) DC Analysis b. Run the simulation. c. Edit the Simulation Profile. 1) Transient Analysis (Time Domain Response) 2) AC Analysis (Frequency Response) 3) DC Analysis d. Run another simulation

A-4

B-5

Linear and dB

A-4 A-6 A-5

B-6

B-7

B-8 B-9 B-10 B-10

5. Save the Project 6. Recall and Restart

ECE402, Purdue University, WL

INTERMEDIATE EXAMPLE, Getting Started.

1. Open Capture CIS 2. Start menu > Programs > ECE Software > Cadence PSD 15.1 >Capture CIS. Select PCB Design Studio with Capture CIS from drop down menu, Click OK. (You may need to wait 5 to 20 seconds for the Design Studio blurb to vanish.) For those using the student version Start menu > Programs > Orcad Family Release 9.2 Lite edition >Capture CIS Lite dition 3. To start a new PSpice simulation click File menu > New > Project. A dialog box appears as follows. Enter a name for your schematic that you would want to simulate. Also in the location field: select a directory location where you want to save the project files. Make sure the Analog or Mixed A/D is selected.

Note : Selecting Schematic would only enable you to draw a schematic and will not enable you to do a PSpice simulation. 4. In the dialog box that appears, select: Create a blank project to start a new project. For advanced users, you could select an existing project that you have created so that the settings would transfer to your current project.

B-1

ECE402, Purdue University, WL 5. The Schematic window should open. Click on the blank schematic page. A resource bar should appear on the right-hand edge of the screen. At this point you can begin to enter the circuit you wish to simulate. Click on the small AND Gate at the top of the bar. Click on Add Library, Select all PSpice components, Open. Also, add analog.olb nat_semi.olb source.olb sourcstm.olb special.olb,

As a precaution: When adding Parts from the Parts window select components which display this symbol below the preview box. This indicates that there is a PSpice model available for the part and would therefore ensure a smoother simulation

B-2

ECE402, Purdue University, WL

INTERMEDIATE EXAMPLE, Constructing the Circuit.

6. You will need these parts shown in the figure on Page B-5. R/ANALOG, C/ANALOG, 0/SOURCE (COMMON or GND), 7. You will also need LM741/NS. To get the LM741/NS, click on the cute little AND Gate icon, enter LM741/NS, click on Parts Search, Begin Search, VDC/source.olb, OK, OK. 8. You will also need Power Supplies and Bubbles. To get the battery symbol, click on the cute little AND Gate icon, enterVDC, click on Parts Search, Begin Search, VDC/source.olb, OK, OK. You will need two copies of the VDC Battery that are set to 15 V. for VCC (115 V ) and VEE. ( 2 15 V ) To place a bubble on VCC, select the ICON labeled PWR. connect it to the positive 15 volt supply. Click on the label and change the name to VCC (or 115 V, if you prefer) To place a bubble on VEE, select the ICON labeled PWR. connect it to the negatove 15 volt supply. Click on the label and change the name to VEE (or 215 V, if you prefer)
VCC V2 15Vdc

V1

0
VEE

15Vdc

To connect the power pins on the LM741/NS, copy the VCC bubble (+15 V) to the page. Click on the component, choose copy and click on the page. Then flip the bubble by right-clicking on the bubble and choosing Mirror Vertical.

B-3

ECE402, Purdue University, WL 9. Signal Sources and Bubbles. Unfortunately, you now need two signal sources. VSIN for transient analysis and VAC for frequency response analysis. Since they are not used simultaneously, they may be put in series. To get VSIN/SOURCE, click on the cute little AND Gate icon, enter VSIN. If it doesnt appear as a highlighted component: click on Parts Search, Begin Search, VSIN/source.olb, OK, OK. To get VAC/SOURCE, click on the cute little AND Gate icon, enter VAC. If it doesnt appear as a highlighted component: click on Parts Search, Begin Search, VSIN/source.olb, OK, OK. Then put the two in series connected to 0/SOURCE as common at the bottom. Get a new PWR bubble, name it SIGNAL, and attach it to the top. Now a copy of that bubble may serve as the signal input to your circuits. 10. Voltage Controlled Voltage Source. The voltage controlled voltage source, E, is a perfect amplifier: infinite input resistance, zero ohms output resistance, and gain not affected by frequency. It is used in this example to show the difference between a real Op Amp and an ideal Op Amp. To set up the same circuit as the Op Amp, copy the LM741 circuit. Then, delete the 741 and power bubbles from the copy. To get E1, click on the cute little AND Gate icon, enter E/ANALOG. If it doesnt appear as a highlighted component, click on Parts Search, Begin Search, E/analog.olb, OK, OK.

E1

+ -

E
Now insert the E1 into the circuit and wire it up.

E1

Since the open loop gain of the 741 is around 100,000, we will set the open loop gain of the ideal Op Amp at 100,000. To do this, double-click on the little circle and enter 100000 into the GAIN column.

Then click on the lower X That will set the value of the gain and return to your circuit. B-4

+ -

While the component is highlighted, right-click on a clear spot on the grid and select mirror vertically.

+ -

+ -

ECE402, Purdue University, WL

C1 VCC 159p R2 SIGNAL V4 SIGNAL R1 2 V3 VOFF VAMPL FREQ 1k OUT LM741/NS 7 3 + U1 OS1 10k VEE 4 V2 15Vdc

V1

0
5 6 1
V

15Vdc

VEE

VR4 10k V+

OS2

VCC C2 159p

SIGNAL

R3 1k

E1

Final Schematic Diagram with Voltage Markers

12. Apply voltage markers to the outputs of the amplifiers.

B-5

+ -

+ -

ECE402, Purdue University, WL

INTERMEDIATE EXAMPLE, Conducting the Analysis.

13. Starting a Time Domain Simulation: Transient Mode. New Simulation Profile, Enter transient, Hit Create.

Run to time is the duration of the time-domain simulation.

Choose 0.5 usec for smooth curve 14. Running the analysis

Hit OK to set this simulation.

B-6

ECE402, Purdue University, WL

B-7

ECE402, Purdue University, WL

INTERMEDIATE EXAMPLE, Conducting the Analysis.

15. Starting a Frequency Domain Simulation: AC Sweep Mode. Edit Simulation Settings,

Hit OK to set this simulation.

16. Running the analysis

B-8

ECE402, Purdue University, WL

B-9

ECE402, Purdue University, WL 17. Save the Project 1. File, Save, Close or 2.

18. Recall and Restart the Project 1. Open Capture CIS 2. Start menu > Programs > ECE Software > Cadence PSD 15.1 > Capture CIS. Select PCB Design Studio with Capture CIS from drop down menu, Click OK. 3. File, Open, Project, click on the appropriate .opj file.

B - 10