EE511 HW#2 Fall 2013 CSULB 2013 Fumio Hamano Page 1 of 3

EE511 Linear Systems Analysis, Homework Set #2, Fall 2013, CSULB
Instructor: Hamano

Z-Transform

The z-transform used below is a one-sided z-transform defined by
| |
0
k
k k
k
x x z
+

=
=

.

Problem 1. Answer the following questions.
(1) By using long division show
| | 1
1
k
z
z
=

or
1
1
1 z

where 1
k
is a unit step function, i.e.,
1, 0
1
0, 0
k
k
k
>
=

<

(2) Show
| | ( )
k
d
kx z X z
dz
=
where
k
x e or and ( ) | |
k
X z x = .
(Hint: Recall ( )
0
k
k
k
X z x z
+

=
=

. Take the derivative with respect to z.)

(3) Using the result of part (2), show
( )
n
n
k
d
k x z X z
dz
| |
( =
|

\ .

where ( ) ( ) ( ( ( )) )
n
d d d d
z X z z z z X z
dz dz dz dz
| |
=
|
\ .
(n times).
(Hint: Use mathematical induction.)
(4) Using the above results, find
| | 1
k
k and
2
1
k
k (

(or | | k and
2
k (

since represents one-sided z-
transform).

(5) Find | |
5
(1 1 )
k k
k

in two ways as follows:
(a) by applying the above results and the (time) translation property;
(b) by noting that the signal is finite and by directly applying the definition of
z-transform, i.e., | |
0
k
k k
k
x x z
+

=
=

.

Problem 2. (a) Determine ( ) : [ ]
k
X z x = where

EE511 HW#2 Fall 2013 CSULB 2013 Fumio Hamano Page 2 of 3
1 for 0,1
0 otherwise
k
k
x
=
=

.
(b) Find ( ) 1 sin3
k
k
(

by using Eulers formula (to convert sin to exponential) and the
formula
2
1
1
1
o o
o
+ + + =

, 1 o < .
(c) Determine cos 1
k
k
a bk (

. (See the z-transform table in the lecture notes.)

Problem 3. Find the inverse z-transform ( )
1
k
x X z

= (

of
( )
( )
2
2
1
1
X z
z z
=

in the following 3 ways:
(1) by long division
(2) by partial fraction expansion
(3) by calculating residues
(4) by any other way.

Problem 4. Determine the inverse transform ( )
1
k
x X z

= (

of
( )
( )
3
2
2 1 (2 2 1)
z
X z
z z z
=
+ +
.
Note: The denominator has non-monic polinomials, i.e., the leading coefficients are not
equal to1. Be careful.

Problem 5. Solve the difference equation
2 1
3 2
k k k k
x x x u
+ +
+ =
by using z-transform where 1
o
x = ,
1
0 x =
and
1, 0
0, otherwise
k k
k
u o
=
= =

.

Problem 6. Find
k
y , 0 k > satisfying
1
1
k k
y y k
+
= +
where 0
o
y = by using z-transform.

Problem 7. Solve the difference equation
1 2
2 2
k k k k
x x x u

+ =
subject to the conditions 0
k
x = , k<0 and 1
k k
u = .

Problem 8. Reformulate the inversion problem in Problem 3 to the problem of solving
difference equation and iteratively (and numerically) find
k
x , 0 k > .

EE511 HW#2 Fall 2013 CSULB 2013 Fumio Hamano Page 3 of 3
(Hint: ( ) ( )
2
2
1 1 z z X z = ( ) ( ) ( )
4 3 2
2 1 z X z z X z z X z + = ? )

Problem 9. Let ( ) | |
k
H z h = and ( ) | |
k
U z u = where 0
k
h = , 0
k
u = for k<0. Show
( ) ( )
0
k
k i i
i
h u H z U z

=
(
=
(

.
Hint: Write ( )
1 2
1 2 o
H z h h z h z

= + + + and ( )
1 2
1 2 o
U z u u z u z

= + + + . Calculate
( ) ( )
1 2
? ? ? H z U z z z

= + + + .