Rules for Classification and Construction

I
1

Ship Technology
Seagoing Ships 18 Harmony Class Rules on Rating Noise and Vibration for Comfort, Cruise Ships (v > 25 kn)

Edition 2004

The following Rules come into force on June 21th , 2004.

"General Terms and Conditions" of the respective latest edition will be applicable (see Rules for Classification and Construction, I Ship Technology, Part 0 Classification and Surveys).

Reproduction by printing or photostatic means is only permissible with the consent of Germanischer Lloyd.

Germanischer Lloyd AG
Head Office Hamburg Vorsetzen 35, D-20459 Hamburg Telefon +49 40 3 61 49-0 Telefax +49 40 3 61 49-2 00 headoffice@gl-group.com http://www.gl-group.com

Published by: Germanischer Lloyd AG, Hamburg

Printed by: Gebrder Braasch GmbH, Hamburg

0 - Part 1 GL 2004

Table of Contents

Chapter 18 Page 3

Table of Contents

Section 1 A. B. C.

Classification Scope .......................................................................................................................................... Harmony Criteria Numbers (hc) ................................................................................................. Class Notation ............................................................................................................................. 1- 1 1- 1 1- 1

Section 2 A. C.

Required Noise and Vibration Limits General ........................................................................................................................................ Vibration Requirements .............................................................................................................. 2- 1 2- 1

Section 3 A. B. C. D. E. Section 4 A. B. C.

Required Measurements General ........................................................................................................................................ Measuring Conditions ................................................................................................................. Performance of Measurements .................................................................................................... Survey Programmes .................................................................................................................... Survey Report ............................................................................................................................. Calculation Procedure of hcClass_Notation Determination of single hc .......................................................................................................... Averaging of single hc ................................................................................................................ Determination of hcClass_Notation ................................................................................................ 4- 1 4- 1 4- 2 333331 1 2 7 7

Annex A A. B.

Standards General ........................................................................................................................................ Standards .................................................................................................................................... A- 1 A- 1

Annex B A.

Definitions Important Definitions .................................................................................................................. B- 1

Annex C A. B. C. D. E.

Recommendations to Reduce Noise and Vibration General ........................................................................................................................................ Considerations Regarding Excitation Forces .............................................................................. Theoretical Investigations ........................................................................................................... Secondary Measures ................................................................................................................... Supplementary Measurements during Production Phase ............................................................ CCCCC1 1 1 2 2

Annex D A.

Protocol Sheet Measurement Protocol Sheet ...................................................................................................... D- 1

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Section 1

Classification

Chapter 18 Page 11

Section 1 Classification
A. Scope 9. If the maximum speed of the passenger ship exceeds v = 7,16 1/6 [knots], the requirements defined for high speed craft have to be applied. 10. If the length between perpendiculars is less than 80 m, limit values given in these Rules do not apply. They shall be agreed upon separately after conferring with Germanischer Lloyd (GL).

1. In general, these Rules are based on national and international standards listed in Annex A. They will be adapted to the latest editions of these standards when deemed necessary or will be modified to account for the progress of knowledge. The Rules reflect the state of the art in vibration and acoustic technology. 2. Some important definitions for expressions used in these Rules are given in Annex B. 3. Among various comfort-promoting factors (e.g. decor and furniture of cabins and public spaces, indoor climate, board service, ship motions etc.), two main parameters determining the comfort on board a passenger ship are dealt with in these Rules: noise and vibration. 4. In this context, noise and vibration are defined as follows: Noise: Audible air pressure variations, generated for instance by main engines, propellers, auxiliary machinery, systems and persons within the frequency range of 16 to 16 000 Hz. Vibration: Structural oscillations in the frequency range of 1 to 80 Hz 5. The influence of ship motions (seasickness) on human well-being is not considered in these Rules. 6. These Rules are intended to support owners and shipyards to specify requirements regarding comfort for passengers and crew on board seagoing cruise ships. 7. Requirements according to current regulations of the responsible flag state regarding maximum noise and vibration levels in crew spaces have to be fulfilled independently of these Rules. 8. If the maximum speed of the passenger ship is equal or less than 25 knots, the requirements defined for cruise vessels < 25 knots must be applied.

B.

Harmony Criteria Numbers (hc)

To allow for a graduation of noise and vibration levels, 5 harmony criteria numbers (hc) are introduced: hc = E

= = = = =

excellent comfort very high comfort high comfort moderate comfort acceptable comfort

hc = 1 hc = 2 hc = 3 hc = 4

Two separate numbers, hcpass and hccrew, reflect the level attained for passenger and crew spaces, respectively.
1. Respective limit values of noise and vibration are defined in Section 2. 2. Compliance with criteria given in these Rules shall be verified through measurements performed under defined conditions at specified locations; see Section 3.

C.

Class Notation

Upon request, ships complying with these 1. Rules are granted the following special Notation of Harmony Class
HC hcpass /hccrew

For instance, HC (2/3) corresponds to a high comfort for passengers and a moderate comfort for crew, according to B.

Chapter 18 Page 12

Section 1

Classification

I - Part 1 GL 2004

2. For a series of ships, the required noise measurements have to be conducted individually for each ship of the series. Regarding vibration measurements, a reduced measurement programme can be accepted for sister ships.

3. After modifications (e.g. conversions) that might influence the noise and vibration behaviour, the class notation has to be reconfirmed by Germanischer Lloyd.

I - Part 1 GL 2004

Section 2

Required Noise and Vibration Limits

Chapter 18 Page 21

Section 2 Required Noise and Vibration Limits

A. General 2.1 for a typical fast passenger vessel, see also "Imission zones" in Annex B.

1. Requirements given in these Rules refer to human well-being only. However, to achieve a certain level of noise and vibration comfort, it must be ensured that main and auxiliary machinery do not vibrate heavily. Therefore, limit values given in corresponding standards or Classification Rules, for instance Part 1 Seagoing Ships, Chapter 2 Machinery Installations, Section 2, Fig. 2.1, shall be observed, too. 2. Requirements regarding acoustic privacy are given in addition to those for noise and vibration. 3. Requirements for noise and vibration are presented for three operating conditions: sea mode harbour operation thruster operation

B.

Noise Requirements

1. Most relevant standards are ISO 2923, ISO 717/1 and ISO 717/2. 2. Required noise limit values depending on the harmony criteria number (hc) are listed in Tables 2.1 to 2.4. 3. The measurement procedure and the calculation of the hc achieved by noise measurements are described in Section 3, C. and Section 4, respectively.

C.

Vibration Requirements

The noise and vibration limits given for sea mode operation form an upper bound for any operation mode at typical ship speeds. 4. Requirements regarding measurements for the three operating conditions are given in Section 3, B. 5. Limits are given separately for passenger and crew spaces. 6. Requirements are related to different imission zones as defined by frame A, B, C and D. The principal arrangement of these zones is shown in Fig.

1. The most relevant vibration standard is ISO 6954, edition 2000-12-15. The limit values refer, consequently, to the overall frequency-weighted rms value in the range of 1 to 80 Hz. The vibration velocities are given in mm/s. 2. Required vibration limit values depending on the harmony criteria number (hc) are listed in Tables 2.5 and 2.6. 3. The measurement procedure and the calculation of the hc achieved by vibration measurements are described in Section 3, C. and Section 4, respectively.

A 0,15 Lpp

D 20 m

aft bulkhead of bow thruster room

Fig. 2.1 Imission zones

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Section 2

Required Noise and Vibration Limits

I - Part 1 GL 2004

Table 2.1

Noise limits, passenger spaces Sea Mode 1, 2 Noise level limits [dB(A)] E 1 hc 2 3 4 E 1 Harbour Operation 1, 2 hc 2 3 4 E 1 Thruster Operation 2 , 3, 4 hc 2 3 4

Indoor spaces aft of frame A First-class cabins Standard cabins Public spaces, type 1 and 2 Corridors, staircases 50 52 54 56 58 44 46 48 50 52 52 54 56 58 60 54 56 58 60 60 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 56 58 60 62 64 52 54 56 58 60 60 62 64 66 68 58 60 62 64 64 54 56 58 60 62 Indoor spaces between frame A and C First-class cabins Standard cabins Public spaces, type 1 and 2 Corridors, staircases 46 48 50 52 54 44 46 48 50 52 52 54 56 58 60 50 52 54 56 58 46 48 50 52 54 54 56 58 60 62 54 56 58 60 62 52 54 56 58 60 58 60 62 64 66 56 58 60 62 64 54 56 58 60 62 Indoor spaces between frame C and D First-class cabins Standard cabins Public spaces, type 1 and 2 Corridors, staircases 44 46 48 50 52 44 46 48 50 52 52 54 56 58 60 48 50 52 54 56 46 48 50 52 54 54 56 58 60 62 52 54 56 58 60 52 54 56 58 60 58 60 62 64 66 54 56 58 60 62 54 56 58 60 62 Indoor spaces forward of frame D First-class cabins Standard cabins Public spaces, type 1 and 2 Corridors, staircases 44 46 48 50 52 44 46 48 50 52 52 54 56 58 60 46 48 50 52 54 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 52 54 56 58 60 52 54 56 58 60 60 62 64 66 68 54 56 58 60 62 54 56 58 60 62 Outdoor spaces Open deck recreation areas Exhaust/supply air openings in open deck recreation areas 5
1 2 3

64 66 68 70 75 64 66 68 70 72 64 66 68 70 72 68 70 72 75 80 68 70 72 75 80 68 70 72 75 80

4 5

In each space the noise level generated only by air-conditioning and mechanical ventilation systems must be at least 4 dB(A) below the required noise limit value for harbour operation. In each sanitary cell the noise level generated only by air-conditioning exhaust air systems at full capacity must not be more than 5 dB(A) above the required noise limit value for harbour operation. To be verified by measurements in the vicinity of thrusters only. Passenger indoor spaces aft of Frame A shall be considered during stern thruster operation only. All thrusters running at not less than 70 % of full load. The noise limits shall be maintained also in standby operation of thrusters. Limit values valid, provided that thrusters are in operation for a maximum of 4 hours out of 24 hours. At a distance of 1,5 m.

I - Part 1 GL 2004

Section 2

Required Noise and Vibration Limits

Chapter 18 Page 23

Table 2.2

Noise limits for acoustic privacy, passenger spaces

On board acoustic privacy sound insulation (minimum required weighted apparent sound insulation index [dB] according to ISO 717/1 and ISO 140/4) Arrangements: hc 2 38 38 36 36 34 46 60 54 54 56 54 60

E 42 42 40 40 38 50 64 58 58 60 58 64

1 40 40 38 38 36 48 62 56 56 58 56 62

3 36 36 34 34 32 44 58 52 52 54 52 58

4 34 34 32 32 30 42 56 50 50 52 50 56

First-class cabins to first-class cabins (incl. bath to bath) First-class cabins to standard cabins (incl. bath to bath) Standard cabins to standard cabins (incl. bath to bath) First-class cabins to corridors Standard cabins to corridors Pax cabins to crew spaces Pax cabins to public spaces type 1 Pax cabins to public spaces type 2 Pax cabins to staircases 1 Pax cabins to engine room casings, elevator casings etc. 2 Pax cabins to HVAC rooms
3

Pax cabins to engine rooms 4

On board acoustic privacy impact sound insulation (maximum permissible normalized sound pressure level index [dB] according to ISO 717/2 and ISO 140/7) Arrangements: Pax cabins adjacent to pax cabins (soft floor) Pax cabins adjacent to corridors (soft floor) Pax cabins adjacent to crew spaces Pax cabins adjacent to public spaces type 1 (soft, hard floors) Pax cabins adjacent to public spaces of type 2 (hard floor) Pax cabins adjacent to public spaces of type 2 (soft floor) Pax cabins adjacent to open deck recreation areas (hard floor) Pax cabins adjacent to jogging paths, dance floors etc. Pax cabins adjacent to service spaces (galleys, pantries etc.)
1 2

E 46 46 46 46 48 46 50
5

1 48 48 48 48 50 48 52
5

hc 2 50 50 50 50 52 50 54
5

3 52 52 52 52 54 52 56 54 52

4 54 54 54 54 56 54 58 56 54

46

48

50

In general, the number of passenger cabins located adjacent to staircases have to be minimized. Number of passenger cabins located adjacent to engine rooms and elevator casings etc. should be minimized. If possible, acoustic buffer zones (e.g., service stores, lockers etc.) should be arranged between cabins and casings. The average sound pressure level in engine room casings must be limited to max. 100 dB(A). Average sound pressure level in HVAC rooms located adjacent to passenger cabins must be limited to max. 80 dB(A). Arrangement of passenger cabins adjacent to engine rooms should be avoided. Otherwise specific provisions are required to achieve limit values. Arrangement of passenger and crew cabins below sport courts etc. should be avoided. However, if so arranged the on board impact sound insulation index for sport courts etc. must be agreed upon between owner, yard and Germanischer Lloyd.

3 4

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Section 2

Required Noise and Vibration Limits

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Table 2.3

Noise limits, crew spaces

Sea Mode 1 Noise level limits [dB(A)] E 1 hc 2 3 4 E 1 Harbour Operation 1 hc 2 3 4 E 1 Thruster Operation 2, hc 2 3 4

Work spaces Machinery spaces (not continuously manned) 5 Engine control rooms Workshops Open deck working areas 4 Stores 5 Indoor spaces not specified
5

110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110

69 71 73 75 75 64 66 68 70 72 67 69 71 73 75 80 85 85 85 85 80 80 80 80 80 75 75 80 85 85 75 75 80 80 85 75 75 80 80 85 80 85 90 90 90 75 75 80 85 85 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 Service spaces

Galleys 6 Serveries, pantries

6

68 70 72 75 75 66 68 70 75 75 68 70 72 75 75 66 68 70 75 75 66 68 70 75 75 66 68 70 75 75 Navigation spaces

Navigation bridge and chart rooms Radio rooms Listing posts, including outdoor bridge wings
7

55 55 60 60 65 55 55 60 60 65 58 58 60 60 65 55 55 60 60 60 55 55 60 60 60 55 55 60 60 60 65 65 70 70 70 65 65 65 70 70 65 65 70 70 70

Accommodation spaces Day and sleeping rooms / officers Day and sleeping rooms / others Mess rooms, offices, recreation rooms Hospitals Gymnasiums, treatment rooms Corridors adjacent to cabins Open deck recreation areas
1

50 52 54 56 58 50 52 54 56 58 62 64 66 68 70 54 56 58 60 60 52 54 56 58 60 64 66 68 70 72 59 61 63 65 65 57 59 61 63 65 66 68 70 72 74 54 56 58 60 60 54 56 58 60 60 64 66 68 70 72 57 59 61 63 65 57 59 61 63 65 58 60 62 64 66 56 58 60 62 64 68 70 72 75 75 68 70 72 75 75

In each space the noise level generated only by air-conditioning and mechanical ventilation systems must be limited to at least 4 dB(A) below the required noise limit value for harbour operation (excluding work spaces and open recreation areas). To be verified by measurements in the vicinity of thrusters only. All thrusters running at not less than 70 % of full load. The noise limits are also to be maintained in standby operation of the thrusters. Limit values valid provided that thrusters are in operation for a maximum of 4 hours out of 24 hours. Spaces requiring verbal communication when berthing the ship (maximum 4 hours out of 24 hours). Reference is made to IMO Resolution A.468 (XII) ear protectors should be worn when the noise level is above 85 dB(A). With mechanical ventilation in normal operation. Reference is made to IMO Resolution A.468 (XII) which also requires that the noise level at speed does not exceed 68 dB in the 1/1 octave band at 250 Hz and does not exceed 63 dB in the 1/1 octave band at 500 Hz.

3 4 5 6 7

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Section 2

Required Noise and Vibration Limits

Chapter 18 Page 25

Table 2.4

Noise limits for acoustic privacy, crew spaces

On board acoustic privacy sound insulation (minimum required weighted apparent sound insulation index [dB] according to ISO 717/1 and ISO 140/4) Arrangements: hc E 40 38 56
1

1 38 36 54 56 56 58

2 36 34 52 54 54 56

3 34 32 50 52 52 54

4 32 30 48 50 50 52

Cabins to cabins Cabins to corridors Cabins to stairways Cabins to engine room casings, elevator casings etc. Cabins to engine rooms
1 2

58 58 60

Cabins to mess rooms, hospitals, gymnasiums, service spaces etc.

The number of cabins located adjacent to engine rooms and elevator casings etc. should be minimized. If possible, acoustic buffer zones (e.g., corridors, service stores, lockers etc.) should be arranged between cabins and casings. The average sound pressure level in engine room casings shall be limited to max. 100 dB(A). The arrangement of cabins adjacent to engine rooms should be avoided. Otherwise specific provisions are required to achieve limit values.

On board acoustic privacy impact sound insulation (maximum permissible normalized sound pressure level [dB] according to ISO 717/2 and ISO 140/7) Arrangements: Cabins adjacent to cabins Cabins adjacent to dance floors, stages etc. Cabins adjacent to gymnasiums Cabins adjacent to service spaces (e.g. galleys, pantries etc.) hc E 52 50 52 52 1 54 52 54 54 2 56 54 56 56 3 58 56 58 58 4 60 58 60 60

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Section 2

Required Noise and Vibration Limits

I - Part 1 GL 2004

Table 2.5

Vibration limits, passenger spaces

Sea Mode hc E 1 2 3 4 E 1 Harbour Operation hc 2 3 4 E 1 Thruster Operation 1 hc 2 3 4

Vibration limits [ mm/s] (overall frequency weighted rms value 1 to 80 Hz)

Indoor spaces aft of frame B First-class cabins Standard cabins Public spaces, short exposure time Public spaces, long exposure time Corridors, staircases 1.4 1.8 2.2 2.6 3.0 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.2 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.4 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 Indoor spaces forward of frame B First-class cabins Standard cabins Public spaces, short exposure time Public spaces, long exposure time Corridors, staircases 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 1.8 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.4 Outdoor spaces aft of frame B Open deck recreation areas Open deck recreation areas of overhangs 2.6 3.0 3.4 3.8 4.2 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Outdoor spaces forward of frame B Open deck recreation areas Open deck recreation areas of overhangs
1

2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 2.6 3.0 3.4 3.8 4.2

Thrusters operating at not less than 70 % of full load.

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Section 2

Required Noise and Vibration Limits

Chapter 18 Page 27

Table 2.6

Vibration limits, crew spaces

Sea Mode hc E 1 2 3 4 E 1 Harbour Operation hc 2 3 4 E 1 Thruster Operation 1 hc 2 3 4

Vibration level limits [ mm/s] (overall frequency weighted rms value 1 to 80 Hz)

Work spaces Machinery spaces (not continuously manned) Engine control rooms Workshops Stores Indoor spaces not specified 4.8 5.2 5.6 6.0 6.0 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.0 3.6 4.0 4.4 4.8 4.8 4.8 5.2 5.6 6.0 6.0 4.8 5.2 5.6 6.0 6.0 Service spaces Galleys Serveries and pantries 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.0 Navigation spaces Navigation bridges and chart rooms Radio rooms Listing posts including navigation bridge wings 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.4 4.8

Accommodation spaces Day and sleeping rooms / officers Day and sleeping rooms / others Mess rooms, offices, recreation rooms Hospitals Gymnasiums, treatment rooms Corridors adjacent to cabins Open deck recreation areas
1

1.7 2.2 2.7 3.2 3.2 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 3.6 1.7 2.2 2.7 3.2 3.2 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 3.6 3.0 3.4 3.8 4.2 4.6

Thrusters operating at not less than 70 % of full load

I - Part 1 GL 2004

Section 3

Required Measurements

Chapter 18 Page 31

Section 3 Required Measurements

A. General normal seagoing condition, e.g. all auxiliary machinery, navigation instruments, radar sets, etc. shall be in normal operation throughout measurements. The communication radio shall be turned on, but not operating. Mechanical ventilation and air-conditioning equipment shall be in normal operation (capacity to be in accordance with design conditions). All airconditioning systems shall be adjusted prior to measurements. 1.8 Noise and vibration caused by any unnecessary human activity shall be avoided. 1.9 Passenger entertainment and public address systems shall be switched off. B. 1. Measuring Conditions Sea Mode 1.10 No passengers shall be on board. Exceptions may be permitted. 1.11 Doors and windows shall, in general, be closed. 2. Harbour Operation

1. Noise and vibration measurements and their evaluation shall be carried out by experienced technicians employed by a company authorized by GL. If desired, GL will conduct measurements with own experts. 2. Propulsion machinery power shall be verified during measurements. 3. Measurements shall be witnessed by a GL Surveyor.

1.1 Propulsion machinery shall produce the necessary power to reach the service speed of the vessel as contractually agreed on. Power shall not be less than 85 % of MCR. 1.2 Controllable pitch propellers, if any, to be in normal seagoing position. 1.3 A condition with operating stabilizers to be considered. 1.4 To exclude shallow water effects the minimum water depth required for measurements has to be calculated for each ship individually based on the Depth Froude Number. The loading condition should be the same as specified in the contract. Deviations shall be submitted to GL for approval prior to trials. For ships normally operating in shallow waters, corresponding conditions have to be chosen for measurements. 1.5 Sea state 3 (significant wave height approx. 1,25 m) and a wind speed of 4 Bft should not be exceeded. For more severe weather conditions, the acceptance of measurements will be decided by GL on a case-by-case basis. 1.6 The course of the vessel shall be as straight as possible. Minimum rudder movement is imperative. Rudder angles shall not exceed 2 degrees. 1.7 The ship shall be fully outfitted, and all systems contributing to noise and vibration shall be in

2.1 Measurements are permissible for water depths smaller than for Sea Mode. The water depth present during harbour measurements shall be reported. 2.2 The presence of large noise-reflecting areas in the vicinity of the vessel shall be reported. 2.3 The influence of external noise sources, such as traffic, workshops, etc., shall be reduced to a minimum. 2.4 All machinery, mechanical ventilation and air-conditioning equipment to be running in normal port condition, as contractually agreed on between owner and shipyard. 2.5 Requirements according to 1.7 to 1.11 apply as well. 3. Thruster Operation

3.1 Measurements shall be conducted in an open sea area. The water depth shall be reported. 3.2 Ship speed shall be close to zero.

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Section 3

Required Measurements

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3.3 All machinery shall be running in normal condition as necessary for Thruster Operation with not less than 70 % of full load for each thruster. 3.4 Additional noise measurements shall be taken in selected pax and crew cabins during standby operation of thrusters. 3.5 Requirements according to 1.5 and 1.7 to 1.11 apply as well.

The date of last verification and confirmation of compliance with relevant IEC standards shall be recorded. Calibration sheets shall be provided.

1.1.9 An instrument suitable of storing time signals in case of subjectively annoying low-frequency sound (booming) or obvious tonal components shall be provided. 1.2 1.2.1 Number of measurement positions Noise level measurements in passenger spaces

C. 1. 1.1

Performance of Measurements Noise Instrumentation

1.2.1.1 Cabins The total number of measurement positions to be taken in pax cabins depends on the net living space of each room belonging to the individual pax cabin. net living space less than or equal to 20 m2: one measurement position in the middle of the room net living space greater than 20 m2: at least two measurement positions in the room. On ships for which the total number of passengers is less than or equal to 150, noise measurements shall be conducted in each pax cabin. On ships for which the total number of passengers is greater than 150, the number of required measurement locations are defined in Table 3.1, expressed in verification percentages. 1.2.1.2 Public spaces of type 1 and 2 Measurement positions shall be chosen in a way that the noise situation can be evaluated in each individual public space. In small public spaces with an area less than or equal to 40 m, at least one measurement position shall be taken in the centre of the room. 1.2.1.3 Corridors Measurement positions shall be chosen where maximum noise levels can be expected (especially close to air inlets and outlets of air-conditioning systems, casings, etc.). Furthermore, the maximum distance between each two measurement positions depends on the operating condition and the emission zone as follows: Sea Mode; aft of Frame C: Sea Mode; forward of Frame C: Harbour Operation; aft of Frame C: 12 m 18 m 18 m

1.1.1 Integrating-averaging sound level meters shall be applied. These should be able to store the measured data. 1.1.2 The instrumentation system including microphone, cable and recording devices shall meet requirements for a type 1 instrument as specified in IEC 804. 1.1.3 The microphone shall be calibrated to have an essentially flat frequency response in a diffuse sound field. 1.1.4 A windscreen shall be used for outdoor measurements. 1.1.5 If a windscreen is used for indoor measurements, the measured A-weighted sound pressure level shall not be influenced by more than 0,5 dB (A). 1.1.6 1/1 or 1/3 octave band filters shall comply with the requirements of IEC 1260. 1.1.7 Class 1 sound calibrators complying with the requirements of IEC 942 shall be used. 1.1.8 Calibration of measuring instrumentation: The compliance of the integrating-averaging sound level meter with requirements of IEC 804 shall be verified by the manufacturer or other authorized organization at least every two years. The compliance of the sound calibrator with requirements of IEC 942 shall be verified by the manufacturer or other authorized organization at least every two years.

Harbour Operation; forward of Frame C: 25 m

Thruster Operation; measurements not required

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Section 3

Required Measurements

Chapter 18 Page 33

Table 3.1

Required scope of noise measurements, passenger and crew spaces (Number of Passengers > 150)
Sea Mode All hc Indoor spaces aft of frame A Harbour Operation 2 All hc Thruster Operation 3 All hc

Verification percentages 1

Passenger first-class cabins 4 Passenger standard cabins 4 Crew day and sleeping rooms 4 Crew mess and recreation rooms
4

50 25 30 100 100

10 10 10 25 25

20 20 20 50

Work spaces, control rooms, offices, etc. 4

Indoor spaces between frame A and C Passenger first-class cabins Passenger standard cabins Crew day and sleeping rooms Crew mess and recreation rooms Work spaces, control rooms, offices etc. 25 25 30 100 100 10 10 10 25 25 10 10 10 25

Indoor spaces between frame C and D Passenger first-class cabins Passenger standard cabins Crew day and sleeping rooms Crew mess and recreation rooms Work spaces, control rooms, offices etc. 20 20 20 25 25 10 10 10 25 25 10 10 10 25

Indoor spaces forward of frame D Passenger first-class cabins Passenger standard cabins Crew day and sleeping rooms Mess and recreation rooms Work spaces, control rooms, offices etc.
1 2 3

20 10 20 25 25

10 10 10 25 25

20 20 20 50

For spaces not referred to in this table, C.1.2.1 and 1.2.2 applies. Especially spaces in the vicinity of main noise sources (where maximum noise levels can be expected or where obviously high noise levels are observed during the noise survey). Especially spaces close to thrusters (where maximum noise levels can be expected or where obviously high noise levels are observed during the noise survey). Passenger indoor spaces aft of frame A shall be considered during stern thruster operation only.

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Section 3

Required Measurements

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1.2.1.4 Main staircases Measurement positions shall be taken at each staircase platform of each main staircase in Sea Mode and Harbour Operation. 1.2.1.5 Outdoor spaces Total numbers of measurement positions mainly depend on the size of the passenger ship and on number of air-conditioning and mechanical ventilation air supply/exhaust openings located close to passenger recreation areas. In general, several measurement positions shall be taken on passengers open recreation deck spaces directly exposed to exhaust gas noise of the main propulsion plant and auxiliary machinery. The same applies to recreation areas located close to air supply/exhaust openings of mechanical ventilation systems. The final noise measurement positions on passengers open recreation deck spaces will be determined by GL. 1.2.2 Noise level measurements in crew spaces

1.3 1.3.1

Measurement procedure General

1.3.1.1 The most relevant standards to be observed are: ISO 2923 ISO 140 ISO 717 E DIN 45681

1.3.1.2 A maximum of three persons are allowed to stay in the same indoor space/cabin when the noise measurements are being conducted. 1.3.1.3 The equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level in dB(A) shall be measured. The corresponding band levels of the 1/1 octave band mid frequencies of at least 31,5 Hz to 8 000 Hz shall be measured simultaneously. After each measurement, all measured data shall be stored on the hard disk of the sound level meter. 1.3.1.4 The calibration of the measuring instruments shall be checked immediately before and after each period of use. The calibration level shall be measured and stored after each calibration. 1.3.1.5 Overall sound pressure level in dB(A), file number of the data storage (ID number), measurement location, noise limit according to hc target and subjective noise impression shall be recorded and immediately noted in measurement protocol sheets after recording, see Annex D. 1.3.1.6 The sound level instrumentation shall be set to "fast" response. The measuring time shall be at least 15 seconds if the fluctuation of the overall sound pressure level is equal to or less than 3 dB(A). If fluctuations exceed 3 dB(A) or if the sound is cyclic or irregular, the instrument setting shall be changed to "slow" response and the measuring time shall be extended to at least 30 seconds. 1.3.1.7 During each measurement, the microphone shall slowly be moved horizontally and/or vertically over a distance of approximately 0,5 m. 1.3.1.8 In spaces such as radio and radar rooms, care should be taken to ensure that any electrical interference present does not give rise to a false indication of the noise level. 1.3.1.9 A microphone windscreen shall be used when measuring noise levels on open deck spaces and also below decks where there is any substantial air movement. When used for indoor spaces, 1.1.5 has to be observed. 1.3.1.10 Wind noise, e.g. wind trash, singing or similar effects has to be reported for surveyed outdoor spaces.

1.2.2.1 Accommodation and work spaces The measurement positions shall be chosen according to IMO Resolution A.486 (XII), Chapter 2.8. On ships for which the total number of passengers is less than or equal to 150, noise measurements shall be conducted in each crew cabin for Sea Mode condition. On ships for which the total number of passengers is greater than 150, the number of noise measurements required for Sea Mode condition is given in Table 3.1, expressed in verification percentages. Number of measurement positions for Harbour Operation and Thruster Operation are given in Table 3.1, expressed in verification percentages, irrespective of the number of passengers. 1.2.3 Acoustic privacy measurements

1.2.3.1 Sound insulation Measurements shall be conducted according to ISO 717/1 and ISO 140/4 in crew and passenger spaces. Measurements shall be conducted in at least two cabins of each type. 1.2.3.2 Impact sound insulation Measurements shall be conducted according to ISO 717/2 and ISO 140/7 in crew and passenger spaces. Measurements shall be conducted at least in two cabins located close to relevant spaces for each combination of cabin type and floor construction.

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Section 3

Required Measurements

Chapter 18 Page 35

1.3.1.11 For measurements in passenger spaces, it is recommended to position the microphone at an average height of approx. 1,4 m to cover both the position of a sitting and a standing person. 1.3.1.12 The microphone position should not be closer than 0,5 m to boundary surfaces, e.g. lining walls, ceilings, windows, floors and bulkheads. 1.3.2 Acoustic privacy

tioned in Annex B shall be applied, irrespective of the hc target chosen for the ship. 1.3.5.3.1 The procedure as described in IMO Resolution A.468 (XII) shall be applied in crew accommodation spaces and does not depend on the hc target chosen for the ship. 1.3.6 Presence of impulse noise

1.3.2.1 Measurements shall be conducted according to ISO 717-1, ISO 717-2, ISO 140/4 and ISO 140/7. 1.3.2.2 For sound transmission measurements between corridor and cabin, the microphone position in the cabin (receiver room) shall be located where passengers normally stay. 1.3.3 Presence of secondary noise sources

1.3.6.1 In general, impulse noise in passenger and crew spaces will not be accepted for any of the conditions: Sea Mode, Harbour Operation and Thruster Operation. 1.3.6.2 The presence of impulse noise shall be determined according to the definition as given in Annex B. 2. 2.1 Vibration Instrumentation

In general, secondary noise sources (e.g. rattling, knocking and squeaking noises from doors, panels, furniture, fittings or fixtures, etc.) shall be eliminated in crew and passenger accommodation spaces. 1.3.4 Presence of obvious tonal components

2.1.1 The equipment shall be calibrated at periodic intervals of not more than two years. Calibration sheets shall be provided. 2.1.2 On non-magnetic floors, measuring sensors should preferably be mounted on a three-legged plate with a minimum weight of 1500 g. 2.1.3 The instrumentation shall allow for calculation of the weighted rms value in terms of vibration velocity according to ISO 6954. 2.1.4 Provision shall be made for the storage of all spectra and a limited number of time records. 2.1.5 The instrumentation shall comply with requirements of ISO 8041. 2.2 Number of measurement positions

1.3.4.1 In general, obvious tonal components in passenger and crew spaces will not be accepted for any of the conditions: Sea Mode, Harbour Operation and Thruster Operation. 1.3.4.2 Obvious tonal components audible in pax cabins and/or in passenger public spaces and/or in crew accommodation spaces shall be reported, see Annex D. 1.3.4.3 The tone rating procedure, as mentioned in Annex B, shall be applied in passenger spaces where steady noise with audible discrete tones is present. In general, the application of this tone rating procedure does not depend on the hc target, but will be handled in a stricter manner for ships with a hc target E, 1 or 2. 1.3.4.4 This procedure shall also be applied in crew accommodation spaces on board ships with an hc target of E, 1 or 2. For ships with an hc target 3 or 4, IMO Resolution A.468 (XII) shall be applied. 1.3.5 Presence of booming effects

2.2.1 The required number of measurement positions depends on the vibration direction to be measured (longitudinal, transverse or vertical). 2.2.2 Measurement positions for assessing longitudinal vibrations shall be chosen in a way that measurement results adequately reflect the global level. At least one measurement position should be chosen at the inner bottom, the strength (weather) deck and the top deck level. 2.2.3 Measurement positions for assessing transverse vibrations shall be chosen in a way that results adequately reflect the global level. Measurement positions should be located at the strength (weather) deck of the vessel and at the highest deck of ship. The longitudinal distance of measurement positions shall not exceed Lpp/4.

1.3.5.1 In general, the presence of annoying lowfrequency sound (booming effects) occurring in passenger and crew spaces during Sea Mode, Harbour Operation and Thruster Operation will not be accepted. 1.3.5.2 Annoying low-frequency sound audible in pax cabins and/or in passenger public spaces and/or in crew accommodation spaces shall be reported, see Annex D. 1.3.5.3 When booming effects are present in passenger spaces, the booming rating procedure as men-

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Section 3

Required Measurements

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2.2.4 The scope of measurements in vertical direction for passenger and crew accommodation areas, expressed in verification percentages, is listed in Table 3.2. 2.2.5 In rooms/spaces of a more unique character, e.g. public spaces, open deck recreation areas, offices, mess rooms, etc., the vertical vibration level shall be measured individually for each room/space. Normally, measurements will be carried out in the centre of the room. 2.2.6 For rooms/spaces with an area exceeding 40 m2, several measurement positions shall be chosen (at least one position per 40 m2) in a way that subjectively high vibrations in vertical direction are covered. 2.3 2.3.1 4868. Measurement procedure The relevant standards are ISO 4867 and

made available, i.e. during sea trials. The spectrum shall be stored. 2.3.3 If desired by GL experts, for instance if beating occurs, time records of selected measurement positions shall be recorded and stored. 2.3.4 To ensure comparability of the spectra, the following parameters shall be applied for data acquisition and signal processing: measurement time per point: 1 min. sampling rate: 300 1/s. spectral frequency range: 1 Hz to 80 Hz minimum spectral resolution: 0,2 Hz FFT window function: flat top (if not available: Hanning window) FFT averaging mode: linear averaging (stable mean)

2.3.2 The velocity spectrum, achieved by an FFT analysis of the measured time series, shall generally be Table 3.2

2.3.5 The results shall be presented as weighted rms values in terms of vibration velocity.

Required scope of vibration measurements, passenger and crew spaces, vertical direction

Verification percentages 1

Sea Mode Aft of frame B

Harbour Operation

Thruster Operation

Passenger first-class cabins Passenger standard cabins Crew day and sleeping rooms

50 30 30 Spaces between frame B and D

30 2 30 2 30 2

Passenger cabins, 1st class Passenger cabins, standard Crew day and sleeping rooms

20 10 10 Spaces forward of frame D

Passenger cabins, 1st class Passenger cabins, standard Crew day and sleeping rooms
1 2

20 10 10

30 30 30

For spaces not referred to in this table, C.2.2.5 and 2.2.6 applies. For vessels equipped with stern thruster only.

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Section 3

Required Measurements

Chapter 18 Page 37

D. 1.

Survey Programmes General

2.7 Data and drawings required according to ISO 717-1 and ISO 717-2. 2.8 Acoustic privacy plan (see Annex B).

Different types of measurements which are to be conducted on board shall be described in six individual Survey Programmes:
Noise Part I: Sea Mode Part II: Harbour Operation Part III: Thruster Operation Part IV: Acoustic Privacy Vibration Part V: Sea Mode Part VI: Thruster Operation

2.9 Detailed description (sketches, material properties, etc.) of noise abatement measures which are provided in cabins adjacent to machinery spaces, casings, trunks, etc. 3. 3.1 3.2 Content of each survey programme Target hcpass and hccrew Ship particulars

3.3 Main data of propulsion plant, propeller, auxiliary engines. At least three months prior to measurements the corresponding Survey Programmes should be submitted to GL for approval. All Survey Programmes shall be based on the final design stage of the ship and shall be presented in form of an A4-sized document with numbered pages. The use of A3 format is restricted to drawings. Moreover, programmes are meant to give the persons performing measurements necessary background information for a straightforward execution of measurements. 2. Data and drawings 3.4 Environmental conditions expected during measurements. 3.5 Permissible range of wind speed, sea state and water depth. 3.6 Operating conditions expected during measurements. Loading condition, displacement, draughts, power and speed of main engine, propeller and auxiliary machinery. 3.7 Measurement instrumentation

2.1 Following items form the standard information required for approval of the Survey Programmes; additional documents can be required if deemed necessary. 2.2 General arrangement drawings of the ship (preferred scale 1:50, 1:100, 1:250 or 1:500). 2.3 Machinery arrangement drawings, including casing arrangement and machinery legend (preferred scale 1:100, 1:250 or 1:500). 2.4 Drawing for thermal, fire and sound protection, including insulation details (e.g. sketches, material properties, etc.). 2.5 Floor and deck covering drawings (thermal, fire and sound protection), including insulation details (e.g. sketches, material and acoustical properties, etc.). 2.6 General arrangement drawings of mechanical ventilation systems, including location of HVAC rooms. All relevant structure-borne and airborne noise sources shall be indicated in the drawings (including the air supply / exhaust openings of mechanical ventilation and HVAC systems).

3.8 Prepared measurement protocol sheets and sketches for each emission zone. Table indicating for each measurement position: number, location (frame, transverse offset from CL, deck level), measurement direction, kind and area [m] of space/room and limit values corresponding to hc target. Measurement positions plotted in general arrangement plans indicating number, position and direction to be measured.

E.

Survey Report

A Survey Report contains all results of each measurement on board, executed on the basis of the Survey Programmes. Each Survey Report shall contain the following documentation: 1. 2. Ship and machinery data Loading condition

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Section 3

Required Measurements

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3. Any deviation from the Survey Programmes, e.g., environmental and operation condition, measurement locations, number, instrumentation etc. 4. Wind speed and direction, sea state (estimated wave height and direction), ship course and speed 5. Filled-in measurement protocol sheets for noise and vibration.

6. Calculation of overall hc achieved on the basis of measurement results. 7. All measured 1/1 and/or 1/3 octave band noise levels shall be submitted (CD, diskettes or via email). 8. All measured vibration spectra shall be submitted (CD, diskettes or via e-mail). The same applies to selected time series if desired by GL Surveyor.

I - Part 1 GL 2004

Section 4

Calculation Procedure of hcClass_Notation

Chapter 18 Page 41

Section 4 Calculation Procedure of hcClass_Notation

A. Determination of Single hc 1.2 The hcSPL_Others is defined as the arithmetic mean value (average hc) of all single hc determined during the required acceptance trials for the sound pressure level in passenger and crew spaces other than cabins, according to the following tolerances: hcSPL_Others = E for average hc = 0,00 to 0,35 hcSPL_Others = 1 for average hc = 1,00 to 1,35 hcSPL_Others = 2 for average hc = 2,00 to 2,35 hcSPL_Others = 3 for average hc = 3,00 to 3,35 hcSPL_Others = 4 for average hc = 4,00 1.3 The hcAcoustic_Privacy is defined as the arithmetic mean value (average hc) of all single hc determined during the required measurements for the sound and impact sound insulation, according to the following tolerances: hcAcoustic_Privacy = E for average hc = 0,00 to 0,35 hcAcoustic_Privacy = 1 for average hc = 1,00 to 1,35 hcAcoustic_Privacy = 2 for average hc = 2,00 to 2,35 hcAcoustic_Privacy = 3 for average hc = 3,00 to 3,35 hcAcoustic_Privacy = 4 for average hc = 4,00 2. Vibration

The measured overall values for each individual measuring location during the acceptance tests (see Section 3) are transformed to the corresponding single hc on the basis of the limits given in Section 2. The measurement values must not be rounded, i.e.: A measured noise level of 46,1 dB(A) exceeds a given limit of 46 dB(A). A measured vibration level of 3,21 mm/s exceeds a given limit of 3,2 mm/s.

B.

Averaging of Single hc

All hc have to be determined separately for passenger and crew spaces. For hcClass_Notation E, 1 and 2 the single hc must not exceed the desired hcClass_Notation by more than 2 categories. For hcClass_Notation 3 and 4 the measured noise and vibration levels must not exceed the respective limit values by more than 2 dB or 1,0 mm/s. If the single hc is smaller than the desired hcClass_Notation, the latter must be used for the average hc calculation. For vibration only: In a room/space with several measurement positions, the target hc shall not be exceeded at more than one position. 1. Noise

2.1 The hcLongVib is the highest value of all single hc determined by measurements of the longitudinal vibrations during the required acceptance trials. 2.2 The hcTransvVib is the highest value of all single hcn determined by measurements of the transverse vibrations during the required acceptance trials. 2.3 The hcVertVib is defined as the arithmetic mean value (average hc) of all single hc determined by measurements of the vertical vibrations during the required acceptance trials, according to the following tolerances: hcVert_Vib = E for average hc = 0,00 to 0,35 hcVert_Vib = 1 for average hc = 1,00 to 1,10 hcVert_Vib = 2 for average hc = 2,00 to 2,10 hcVert_Vib = 3 for average hc = 3,00 to 3,10 hcVert_Vib = 4 for average hc = 4,00

1.1 The hcSPL_Cabins is defined as the arithmetic mean value (average hc) of all single hc determined during the required measurements for the sound pressure level in passenger and crew cabins, according to the following ranges: hcSPL_Cabins = E for average hc = 0,00 to 0,25 hcSPL_Cabins = 1 for average hc = 1,00 to 1,25 hcSPL_Cabins = 2 for average hc = 2,00 to 2,25 hcSPL_Cabins = 3 for average hc = 3,00 to 3,25 hcSPL_Cabins = 4 for average hc = 4,00

Chapter 18 Page 42

Section 4

Calculation Procedure of hcClass_Notation

I - Part 1 GL 2004

C.

Determination of hcClass_Notation

Noise:

hcSPL_Cabins hcSPL_others hcAcoustic_Privacy

The hcClass_Notation is determined separately for passenger and crew spaces. The hcClass_Notation is the highest value out of the following six criteria, taking the three types of conditions into account (Sea Mode, Harbour Operation and Thruster Operation):

Vibration: hcLong_Vib hcTransv_Vib hcVert_Vib

I - Part 1 GL 2004

Annex A

Standards

Chapter 18 Page A1

Annex A Standards
A. General ISO 1999: 1990-01, "Acoustics Determination of occupational noise exposure and estimation of noise-induced hearing impairment" E DIN 45681: 1992-01, "Bestimmung der Tonhaltigkeit von Geruschen und Ermittlung eines Tonzuschlages fr die Beurteilung von Geruschimmissionen" ("Detection of tonal components of noise and determination of a tone adjustment for the assessment of noise imission")

1. If these Rules contain procedures deviating from the relevant standards, these Rules shall have priority.

B. 1.

Standards Noise standards IMO Resolution A.468 (XII): 1982, "Code on noise levels on board ships" IMO Resolution A.343 (IX): 1975-11, "Recommendation on Methods of Measuring Noise Levels at Listening Posts" ISO 2923, 1996-12, "Acoustics Measurement of noise on board vessels" ISO 31-7: 1992-09, "Quantities and units of acoustics" IEC 651: 2001-10, Ed. 1.2, "Sound level metres" IEC 1260: 1995-08 and IEC 1260-am1: 200109, Electroacoustics - Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters" IEC Publication 804, and amendment no. 1, 1989, "Integrating/averaging sound level meters" IEC 942: 1997-11, Ed. 2.0 and IEC 942-am1: 200-10, Ed. 2.0 "Sound calibrators" ISO 717/1: 1996-12, "Acoustics Rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements Part 1: Airborne sound insulation in buildings and interior elements" ISO 717/2: 1996-12, "Acoustics Rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements Part 2: Impact sound insulation" ISO 140/4: 1998-12, "Acoustics Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements Part 4: Field measurements of airborne sound insulation between rooms" ISO 140/7: 1998-12, "Acoustics Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements Part 7: Field measurements of impact sound insulation of floors" 2.

Vibration standards ISO 6954: 2000E, "Mechanical vibration Guidelines for the measurement, reporting and evaluation of vibration with regard to habitability on passenger and merchant ships" ISO 2631-1: 1997 (E), "Mechanical vibration and shock Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration Part 1: General requirements" ISO 2631-2: 1989 (E), "Mechanical vibration and shock Evaluation of human exposure to whole body vibration Part 2: Continuous and shock induced vibration in buildings (1 - 80 Hz)" ISO 4867: 1984 (E), "Code for the measurement and reporting of shipboard vibration data" ISO 4868: 1984 (E), "Code for the measurement and reporting of local vibration data of ship structures and equipment" ISO 8041: 1990 (E), "Human response to vibration Measuring instrumentation" Germanischer Lloyd, Ed. 2004, "Rules for Classification and Construction, I Ship Technology, Part 1 Seagoing Ships, Chapter 2 Machinery Installations"

I - Part 1 GL 2004

Annex B

Definitions

Chapter 18 Page B1

Annex B Definitions
A. Important Definitions Angular frequency, circular frequency: [rad/s] is the product of the frequency of a sinusoidal quantity and the factor 2 : = 2 f Acoustic privacy: "Privacy" from an acoustical point of view, i.e. the state of being alone and relatively undisturbed with regard to noise emissions from neighbouring cabins, sanitary cells, corridors, public spaces, open deck recreation spaces, service spaces, etc. (sound and impact sound insulation). Acoustic privacy plan: Drawings showing the arrangement of all cabin types including noise limit values to be kept. See also "cabin type". Auxiliary machinery: Machinery, other than main propulsion machinery, operating when the ship is in normal service, e.g. auxiliary diesel engines, turbogenerators, hydraulic motors and pumps, compressors, boilers, ventilation fans, gears, pumps. Abatement measures: Noise and/or vibration control measures, e.g. with the aim of reducing the airborne and/or structure-borne noise emission as well as of vibration levels of structures, equipment, etc. A-weighted sound pressure level LAeq or LAeq,T: The A-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level using the frequency weighting "A" as specified in the IEC publication 60651 within a measurement time interval T. Beat, beating: Periodic amplitude variations of an oscillation resulting from the superposition of two excitation sources of slightly different frequencies. Beating which occurs in the audible frequency range is experienced as being annoying. Boom, booming: Deep, hollow resonant low-frequency sound in the range between 16 and 125 Hz. Booming is mainly due to one or more discrete tonal components of significantly greater amplitudes than those of the adjacent spectrum level. Booming is experienced as being annoying and can only be detected subjectively. See also "steady noise with audible discrete tones". Booming rating procedure: Procedure for measuring and assessing the occurrence of audible discrete tones below 125 Hz (booming effect). The procedure developed by GL is based on experimental investigations on board ships. As result of this procedure a booming adjustment (CB in dB(A)) is established. The noise rating level has to be used for further evaluation. Bathroom: A room in which there is, e.g. a shower and/or a bathtub, a washbasin, a toilet, etc. In these Rules, the area of a bathroom is greater than 6 m2. Cabin type: Cabins with different types of interior systems (lining walls, ceilings, doors, etc.), floor constructions, floor coverings, etc. See also "Acoustic privacy plan". Crew spaces: Cabins, offices (for carrying out the ship's business), hospitals, mess rooms, recreation rooms (such as lounges, smoke rooms, cinemas, libraries, hobby and game rooms) and open recreation areas used by officers, hotel staff and crew. Corridors: Passageways/alleyways arranged in crew and passenger spaces. Depth Froude Number: The Depth Froude Number is v g h ; v = ship speed [m/s], g = gravitation acceleration [m/s2], h = water depth [m]. Displacement :

Displacement of the vessel [t].

Dressing-room:

A room for putting on clothes and a place where clothes are stored, usually in a built-in wardrobe. In these Rules, the area of a dressing room

Chapter 18 Page B2

Annex B

Definitions

I - Part 1 GL 2004

is greater than 8 m2. Otherwise the dressing room is not to be defined as a "room".
Drivingpoint impedance:

Hotel staff spaces:

See "crew spaces"

HVAC:

In a mathematical sense, the complex ratio of force to velocity taken at the same point in a mechanical system during simple harmonic motion.
Engine or shaft speed:

Heating, venting and air-conditioning system

Imission zones:

Typical noise and vibration imission zones are defined as follows:

Frame A:

Number of revolutions per minute [rpm]

Equivalent continuous sound pressure level Leq or Leq,T :

Unweighted sound pressure level of a continuous steady sound. Within a measurement time interval T this sound has the same mean square sound pressure as a sound under consideration that varies with time. It is expressed in decibels by the following equation:

A virtual frame section at a maximum distance of 3 times the propeller diameter in front of the propeller plane.
Frame B:

A virtual frame section or the aft main vertical fire zone bulkhead at a distance of at least 0,15 Lpp in front of the propeller plane.
Frame C:

L eq = L eq,T = 10 log10 (t2 t1) p (t)

1 t2 p ( t) 2 dt ( t2 - t1) t1 po

Forward bulkhead of forward engine room (main or auxiliary diesel engine room).
Frame D:

= period T over which the average is taken, starting at t1 and ending at t2 = unweighted instantaneous rms sound pressure between 16 and 16 000 Hz

20 m aft of rear bulkhead of bow thruster room.

Impedance:

See "driving-point impedance"

Impulse noise:

p0

2 105 Pa (reference level)

Exposure time (vibration):

A distinction is made as to whether public spaces are characterized by "short" or "long" exposure times. Typical public spaces with short exposure times are receptions, shops, alleyways, staircases, lobbies, sanitary rooms, etc. Typical public spaces with long exposure times are restaurants, cafeterias, bars, theatres, cinemas, lounges, conference rooms, hospitals, discos, etc.
Fluctuating noise:

Noise of less than one second duration that occurs as an isolated event or as one of a series of events with a repetition rate of less than 15 times per second. The presence of impulse noise shall be determined by obtaining the difference between the equivalent continuous sound pressure level measured with time weighting "impulse" and "fast". If the difference is more than 2 dB, the presence of impulse noise may be assumed.
Impulse rating procedure:

The measured sound pressure level (e.g. pointer of the display) varies more than 3 decibels with the "slow" meter characteristic switched on. Impulse noise must be excluded.
Frame A, B, C, D:

Procedure for measuring and assessing the occurrence of impulse noise events. As result of this GL procedure an impulse adjustment CI [dB(A)] is established. The noise rating level has to be used for further evaluation.
Integrating sound level meter:

See "imission zones"

Hard floor:

Floor characterized by a relatively "hard" final covering, e.g. uncovered steel deck, wood, tiles, marble, PVC, etc. fitted on top of floating floors, viscoelastic floors, normal deck components, steel decks, etc.

A sound level meter designed or adapted to measure the level of the mean squared time averaged A-weighted sound pressure level (IEC 804).
ISO noise rating (NR) number:

The number found by plotting the 1/1 octave band spectrum of the NR curves given in ISO

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Annex B

Definitions

Chapter 18 Page B3

Standard R 1996-1967 and selecting the highest noise rating curve tangent to the spectrum.
Machinery spaces:

sound and vibration 1999, Technical University of Denmark

Normal service speed:

All spaces containing propulsion machinery, boilers, steam and internal combustion engines, generators and major electrical machinery, oil filling stations, refrigerating, stabilizing, hydraulic units, air-conditioning cooling compressors, etc.
Maximum continuous rating (MCR):

Shaft speed and propulsion power corresponding to service speed contractually agreed on, at least at 85 % MCR.
Officers' spaces:

See "crew spaces".

Overall frequency-weighted rms value:

Designed maximum continuous power rating of main engines.

Measured SPL:

The overall frequency-weighted rms value has to be determined according to ISO 6954, second edition 2000-12-15.
Overhang:

The sound pressure level measured with a sound level meter or sound measurement instrumentation. The measured SPL shall be expressed to one decimal place.
Net living space:

An overhang in this context is the part of a deck area protruding the vertical support (walls, pillars).
Passenger:

Total living area of an individual pax cabin without sanitary cell and balcony in square metres.
Noise level:

Any person on board other than members of the crew or persons employed or engaged in any capacity for the business of that ship.
Pax cabins:

See "A-weighted sound pressure level".

NRC:

All types of cabins (e.g. suite, first-class, standard cabin, etc.) intended to be used by passengers.
Passenger indoor spaces:

Noise rating curve, see "ISO noise rating (NR) number".

Noise rating level:

All areas used by passengers in enclosed spaces of the vessel.

Passenger outdoor spaces:

The noise rating level LA, r is defined as follows: LA,r =

L Aeq + CT + CI + CB [dB(A)]

All outdoor recreation areas to where passenger access is foreseen.

Public spaces, type 1:

= noise rating level [dB(A)] LAeq = measured overall A-weighted sound pressure level CT, CI, CB = adjustments as result of the tone, impulse and booming rating procedure
Noise FEM:

Enclosed spaces for passenger recreation where the noise level normally is or may be high when in use, e.g. entertainment spaces such as discos, theatres, cinemas, gymnasiums, dance floors, stages, etc. The sound pressure levels for the 1/1 octave band mid frequencies that should not be exceeded in above spaces are listed in Table B.1.
Public spaces, type 1a:

The Noise Finite Element Method (Noise FEM) developed by Germanischer Lloyd makes it possible to predict the propagation of structureborne noise energy in complex ship structures. For this purpose the Noise FEM uses the geometry and material data of existing global finite element models created mainly for strength and vibration computations. Noise FEM is based on principles also used in SEA. For detailed information see:
C. Cabos and H. G. Matthies:

Separated deck/floor spaces of public spaces type 1 such as dance floors, stages and gymnasium floors.
Public spaces, type 2:

"A method for the prediction of structureborne noise propagation in ships", Proceedings of the 6th international congress on

Enclosed spaces for passenger recreation where the noise level is not normally high (approx. 75 dB(A) or can be expected to be low (approx. 65 dB(A)) when in use, e.g. conference rooms, casinos, restaurants, bars, shops, atriums, galleries, receptions, observation lounges, libraries, etc.

Chapter 18 Page B4

Annex B

Definitions

I - Part 1 GL 2004

Table B.1

Sound pressure levels for public spaces type 1

limit value 65 dB(A) 72 dB(A) 78 dB(A) 85 dB(A) 88 dB(A) 1/1 octave band 1 000 Hz 2 000 Hz 4 000 Hz 8 000 Hz limit value 91 dB(A) 94 dB(A) 94 dB(A) 94 dB(A)

1/1 octave band 31,5 Hz 63 125 250 500 Hz Hz Hz Hz

RMS value:

The rms value of a single-valued function, f(t), over an interval between t1 and t2 is
t2 2 t1 f ( t ) dt rms value = t 2 t1
Room space:
12

16 and 16 000 Hz are absent or negligibly small.

Steady noise with audible discrete tones:

Total room area of an individual public space [m2]

SEA: Statistical Energy Analysis. For detailed information see: R. H. Lyon and R. G. DeJong,

This type of noise has components at one or more discrete frequencies having significantly greater amplitudes than those of the adjacent spectrum level. Audible discrete tonal components of noise (tonality and/or booming) can occur in the whole audible frequency range between 16 and 16 000 Hz.
Sanitary cell:

A space in which there is, e.g. a shower and/or bathtub, a washbasin, a toilet, etc. In these Rules, the room space of a sanitary cell is less than or equal to 6 m2. Sanitary cells are not defined as "rooms".
Suite:

"Theory and Applications of Statistical Energy Analysis", Butterworth Heinemann, Boston 1995
Soft floor:

Floor characterized by a relatively soft final covering, e.g. carpets, carpeting, etc., fitted on top of floating floors, viscoelastic floors, normal deck compounds, steel decks, etc.
Sound pressure level "L":

First-class passenger cabin/space with a set of at least two adjacent rooms, e.g. bedroom, living room and/or sitting room, bathroom, dressing room, etc.
Tonality, annoying discrete tone:

A measure of sound level on logarithmic scale given by: p L = 20 log10 [ dB] p0 where: p = rms value of measured sound pressure between 16 and 16 000 Hz

A sound wave whose instantaneous sound pressure varies essentially as a simple sinusoidal function of time (pure tone). Tonality is experienced as being annoying and can only be detected subjectively. Tonality is defined in the frequency range between 125 and 16 000 Hz. It is mainly caused by main reduction gears, pumps, air-conditioning cooling compressor units, thruster gears, HVAC inlet and outlet openings, etc.
Tone rating procedure:

p0 = 2 105 Pa reference level

Steady noise without audible discrete tones:

Level fluctuations equal to or less than 3 decibels. This type of noise is frequently referred to as "broad-band" noise. Obvious tonal components of noise (tonality and/or booming) in the whole audible frequency range between

Procedure for measuring and evaluating the occurrence of tonality. It was developed by Germanischer Lloyd on the basis of national standards and experimental investigations on board ships. As a result of this procedure, a tone adjustment figure CT [dB(A)] is established. The noise rating level has to be used for further evaluation.

I - Part 1 GL 2004

Annex C

Recommendations to Reduce Noise and Vibration

Chapter 18 Page C1

Annex C Recommendations to Reduce Noise and Vibration

A. General empirical formulas. The objective is to avoid resonance with main excitation frequencies. Added masses as well as hydrodynamic masses have to be considered. Attention should especially focus on local structures in vicinity of excitation sources (e.g. main propulsion, bow and stern thrusters) as well as on structural components of public, living and working spaces. Natural frequencies of all structural components shall be chosen to have a sufficient margin to main excitation frequencies. Noise Prediction A noise prediction is conducted at an early design stage. Semi-empirical noise prediction programmes are applied to predict the average airborne noise levels. Noise limits specified for passenger and crew spaces are compared with predicted values. Global Vibration Level Prediction In a global vibration level prediction, the vibration level at "global" points of the ship structure is estimated on the basis of a forced vibration calculation in the lower frequency range (approx. 1 Hz to 20 Hz). Dynamic magnification due to local resonances of plate fields, stiffeners or panels is not considered. These local structural systems are investigated separately (see "Local Vibration Calculation"). The vibration level is estimated for relevant loading conditions at representative points of the ship structure. If the expected vibration level exceeds specified limits, modifications of the steel structure, a different number of propeller blades, arrangement of compensators, etc. are proposed as possible means of improvement. Detailed Vibration Level Prediction A detailed vibration level prediction represents an extension of a global vibration level prediction, i.e. the dynamic magnification due to vibrations of large deck panel structures is considered. The distribution of homogeneous and inhomogeneous masses on decks is taken into account as realistically as possible. Detailed Impedance Investigation Driving-point impedance levels (frequency range approx. 50 to 300 Hz) of machinery foundations, shell constructions above the propeller and of other critical areas are determined by means of detailed local finite element models as early as possible during the design stage. The aim of such an investigation is to optimize relevant parts of the ship structure from an acoustical point of view.

1. To maintain the required noise and vibration levels, various investigations and noise and vibration reduction measures are recommended. This is true for the planning, design, fabrication and testing phase of a newbuilding.

B.

Considerations Regarding Excitation Forces

By nature, the reduction of noise and vibration excitation forces is the most effective way to reduce the noise and vibration levels. Therefore it is recommended: to optimise the ship's lines by model tests in order to achieve an appropriate wake distribution to optimise the propeller design with regard to noise and vibration excitation by cavitation tank tests to take into account the noise and vibration excitation characteristics of main and auxiliary machinery, gear, bow thruster, etc. by adequate choice of suppliers

C.

Theoretical Investigations

1. Noise and vibration aspects should be considered as early as possible in the design process. 2. The extent of theoretical investigations necessary depends on the experience of the yard with the relevant ship type and the hc which shall be achieved. As a guideline the analyses summarised in Table C.1. are recommended. The following types of investigations are distinguished: Review of General Arrangement Plan Prior to detailed investigations, the general arrangement plan is reviewed with regard to noise and vibration. Local Vibration Calculation Natural frequencies of plate fields, stiffeners and small regularly stiffened panels are estimated by means of

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Annex C

Recommendations to Reduce Noise and Vibration

I - Part 1 GL 2004

NoiseFEM Analysis / Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) With a SEA or a NoiseFEM analysis, the sound propagation within the structure is predicted. Considering the main structural members, the structure-borne noise intensity flow is calculated for each subsystem of the SEA/NoiseFEM model. Then the energy level within each subsystem is used for predicting average structure-borne and airborne noise levels in the ship.

silencing structural modifications

E.

Supplementary Measurements during Production Phase

D.

Secondary Measures

1. It is recommended to carry out test bed noise and vibration measurements for the machinery components in order to check the adherence to noise and vibration specifications agreed on with suppliers. 2. During outfitting stage the local vibrations of deck structures should be measured (impact or/and exciter measurements) to verify calculation results and to identify and rectify local structural deficiencies. 3. During outfitting stage the impedance of machinery foundations should be measured to verify calculation results and to identify and rectify local structural deficiencies.

1. If the theoretical investigations reveal that the required noise and vibration levels probably can not be attained secondary measures should be foreseen, i.e.: isolation (resilient supports for instance) insulation, encapsulation damping (floating floors for instance) compensation of vibration excitation forces

Table C.1

Recommended theoretical investigations for seagoing cruise ships (v > 25 knots)

Seagoing passenger ships Type of investigation E 1 z z z z z z z z z z z z z z hc 2 z z z 3 z z z 4 z z z

Review of General Arrangement 1 Local Vibration Calculation Noise Prediction 1 Global Vibration Level Prediction Detailed Vibration Level Prediction Detailed Impedance Investigation Detailed Noise Analysis (e.g. NoiseFEM Analysis, SEA Analysis etc.) 1 z = Strongly recommended = Recommended = Recommended only if experience with similar ships is not available
1

The occurrence of tonality and/or booming in pax cabins and public spaces will be strictly assessed for hc E to 2 (see Section 3, C.1.3.4).

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Annex D

Protocol Sheet

Chapter 18 Page D1

Annex D Protocol Sheet

A. Measurement Protocol Sheet

Measurement Protocol Sheet (Noise)

Yard: Owner: Ship's name: Kind of voyage: Condition: Hc target: Auditory Impression (Subjective Judgement) Machinery Noise (e.g. engine, gear, propeller, pumps etc.) Noise Limit acc. to hc target [dB(A)] HVAC-Noise, ventilation etc.

MP-No. (Measurement Point No.)

Measured Noise Level [dB(A)]

File (ID) - No. Sound Level Meter

Rattling Noise

Booming

No.

Type of room

Tonality

Remark

Subjective judgement of noise events (auditory impression) has to be carried out during the noise measurement and to be reported: + => Noise event is weakly audible, but is not dominating the overall SPL ++ => Noise event is clearly audible and is dominating the overall SPL +++ => Noise event is clearly audible and is very annoying

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