Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
D)
Abstract:
There has been a growing need to quantify the impacts of land-use changes on
impacts. Thus, it is necessary that the hydrologic models need to account the effect of
in vector analysis and pixel sizes in raster analysis were considered in many studies as
mapping of land-use at micro level using remote sensing and GIS. The widely
accepted, the SCS-CN technique is adapted here to compute the runoff from the
several hydrological similar units of the basin for the given rainfall. The integration of
spatial data and application of a distributed model in GIS with remote-sensing data
provides a powerful tool for assessment of effects due to land use change.
The daily runoff values are calculated by three modeling approaches namely,
(SDHM) and Lumped Hydrological Modeling (LHM). It is found that DHM could
predict runoff values very close when compared with that of the other models, and
difference between the calculated storm runoff volume and observed runoff volume is
less than 3 %.
From the sensitivity analysis on initial abstraction ratio λ, it is found that the average
values of λ are 0.27 for premonsoon, 0.20 for monsoon and 0.17 for postmonsoon can
be adopted irrespective of land-use and soil type in SCS-CN method for agricultural
mountainous basin. On the other hand, an average value of λ could be taken as 0.25
for forestland, 0.20 for agricultural land, 0.22 for settlement and 0.12 for pastureland
for estimation of runoff using SCS-CN method irrespective of season and soil type.
The Land-use Change model (LuC Model) was developed to compute the change in
peak runoff value at basin outlet due to change in land-use. The model was applied to
urbanization and deforestation. The variation of CN values, which represent the land-
use changes, is found to have more effect on the rising limb and the peak runoff than
on the falling limb. It is also found that as CN value increases the rising limb is
shifted backwards. It is concluded that the percentage change in runoff due to the
land-use change almost constant for different land-use irrespective of the rainfall
groundwater than on the surface water. This is due to fact that the extraction of
The individual ANN models developed for each subbasin were integrated into a single
ANN model to predict the change in runoff due to change in land-use for the entire
Neural Network (RNN). The total runoff volume for different percentage of
urbanization predicted by DHM and FFBPN model are found to be closer than that of
predicted values by RNN model. During low flow periods, RNN models
underestimated the runoff and resulted in less R2 as well as large RMSE value.
Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models were found to be capable of mapping the
non-linearity between rainfall and runoff and able to predict the runoff efficiently. The
variability through Hydrologic Similar Units (HSU) using HEC-1, GIS and Remote
Sensing is a powerful tool for assessment of the hydrologic effect due to land-use
changes. It is finally concluded that the coupling of GIS and hydrologic models seems