GPRS BACK GROUND With Mobile penetration reaching its full potential, GPRS gives Mobile operators competitive

e edge and optimum use of the infrastructure. SMS is a good example of just how hungry users are for data services. The main Objective of GPRS is to offer the access to standard data networks, using protocols e.g. TCP/IP and X.25 Transactions such as Credit Card checks and a variety of telemetric applications benefit from the fast session set-ups. GPRS enables efficient use of radio resources by allowing many data users to share the same interface on a statistical basis. The main benefits of GPRS are that it reserves radio resources only when there is data to be sent Mobile users doesnt have to connect to the network each time he wants to transfer the data, he can stay connected all day.

MAIN ADVANTAGES FOR OPERATORS More Revenue : By providing more than a mobile connection. Also operator can charge on the basis of type and amount of content accessed. Huge Potential Market for Data Sevices :

Mobile Phone and Internet, both are fastest growing technologies and GPRS is the merger of two. Fast Roll-out and Continuous Network Expansion : GPRS is an integral part of GSM. GPRS uses excess voice capacity for data : GPRS Packets are transmitted in short, free periods between busy hour calls. GPRS Vs GSM GPRS 1. SUPPORTS BOTH CKT. SWITCHED as well as packet switched service. 2. MS Utilizes Automatic retransmission (ARQ) at data link layer to re-transmit error frames. 3. Multiple time slots can be allotted to a single user 4. One time slot can be allotted to several users. 5. Charging/ billing more complex (Volume based, Q.O.S. based) TYPICAL GPRS SERVICES * CommunicationsE-mail, fax, intranet/ internet access. * Value added services Information services, games, e-commerce. Simple time-based billing. Single time slot per user. Single time slot per user. No re-transmission is provided. Vs GSM Only circuit switched.

* Location-based applications - Navigation, traffic conditions, airline/rail schedule, location finder. * Vertical applications Freight delivery, fleet management, sales-force automation * Location sensitive Advertising A user nearing a cinema hall or a restaurant receives flashes of advertisement

GSM NETWORK ELEMENTS The Main elements of GSM are: NSS : BSS : NMS Fault Management Configuration Management Performance Management BSC BTS Transcoder MSC VLR HLR (Includes Authentication Center and Equipment Identity Register)

GPRS Network Elements Network Element Software Hardware

SGSN GGSN Firewall Ethernet Switch DNS CG Border Gateway DHCP

SG1 G1 Checkpoint N/A HP-UX 11.00

DX Platform IP650 IP650 Cisco Catalyst HP 9000 A class

HP-UX 10.20 HP K class BGP4 HP-UX 11.00 IP650 HP 9000 A class

GPRS Interface
MSC/ VLR HLR EIR SMSGMSC
Signalling and data

Gs
SGSN BSC

Gr

Gf

Gd

Signalling

GGSN

Gb

Gn

Gi

External packet network

Air (Um)

Gn

GGSN

Gp

Inter-PLMN GPRS Backbone

SGSN Role Authentication, Authorization GTP tunneling to GGSN Ciphering & compression Mobility Management Session Management

Interaction with HLR, MSC/VLR Charging & statistics NMS interfaces

GGSN Role Interface to external data networks Encapsulate in GTP and forwards end user data to right SGSN Routes mobile originated packets to right destination Filters end user traffic Collects charging and statistic information for data network usage

Different GPRS Capacity Types

MS Class CLASS A: Supports simultaneous attach, simultaneous activation, simultaneous monitor, simultaneous invocation, and simultaneous traffic. CLASS B: Simultaneous traffic shall is not supported. The mobile user can make and/or receive calls on either of the two services sequentially but not simultaneously. The selection of the appropriate service is performed automatically

CLASS C: Supports only non-simultaneous attach. Alternate use only.

The status of the service which has not been selected is detached, that is, not reachable GPRS Channel Coding Schemes

Mobility Management State

Routing Area

RAI = MCC+MNC+LAC+RAC

GPRS Mobility Management Routing Area : The RA is a new concept for tracing the MS location. Cell =< RA =< LA served by one SGSN RAI = MCC + MNC + LAC + RAC Every time the MS sees the new RAI is has to initiate the RA update procedure. Mobility Management States : The IDLE State is when the MS is not connected. The Standby State is when the MS is connected to the GPRS Network

The Ready State is when the MS is ready to connect to the external IP Network.

Changing between states can be initiated from the MS, from the network and from the timers set. PDP Context Activation Accessing the HLR

SECURITY IN GPRS GPRS SYSTEM HAS INHERITED THE GSM PH-2 SECURITY FUNCTIONS Authentication of the subscriber IMEI Checking User Identity Confidentiality (TMSI in GSM, P-TMSI in GPRS) Ciphering of the data traffic between MS and SGSN

ADDITIONAL GPRS SECURITY FEATURES ARE Private IP Addressing in the GPRS backbone. Ciphered links and authentication between nodes in the GPRS Backbone. Screening of packets coming from the external networks (Firewall).

(P-TMSI is used to derive the Temp Logical Link Identity (TLLI))

EDGE Provide 3G services today Provide 3G services with existing licenses New modulation optimized for wireless data services Link adaptation: Take highest possible rate Covered by existing GSM licenses Same channel structure, network infrastructure, frequency

planning and protocol as todays GSM

What EDGE would mean to subscribers Streaming Applications Very high speed downloads Corporate Intranet connections Quicker MMS Video Phone Vertical corporate applications Video

Conference, Remote presentations