66094a3c 2012swasummerbookdigitalop

URBAN SUSTAINABILITY + LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE:
A STUDY OF SAN FRANCISCOS CENTRAL CORRIDOR AS AN ECO-DISTRICT

SWA SUMMER PROGRAM 2012
URBAN SUSTAINABILITY + LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE: A STUDY OF SAN FRANCISCOS CENTRAL CORRIDOR

SWA SUMMER PROGRAM 2012
art direction Charly Nelson text and image editing + layout Charly Nelson Jessica Rossi-Mastracci book design Sarah Peck cover design Alec Hawley or Gwen McGinn photography William Tatham Jonnu Singleton Summer Interns videography William Tatham Jonnu Singleton video http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=1mmHODKpCSo publication inquiries press@swagroup.com copyright 2012 by SWA Group All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, without written permission from the publisher. SWA Group 2200 Bridgeway Boulevard Sausalito, California 94966-5904 United States press@swagroup.com 415.332.5100 Every reasonable attempt has been made to identify owners of copyright. Should unintentional mistakes or omissions have occurred, we sincerely apologize and ask for notice. Such mistakes will be corrected in the next edition of this publication.
CONTENTS
04
06
08
14
38
66
90
121
CONTENTS
Introduction
Student Profiles Program Overview Week 04: Object Design Week 03: Site Design Week 02: Urban Design Week 01: Regional Context
3
Acknowledgements
SWA SUMMER STUDENT PROGRAM 2012
SWA started its summer program in 1972 to forge stronger connections between academics, theory & practice.
call for applicants

SWA 2012 Summer InternShIp | SAn FrAncISco
Submission Deadline March 1, 2012 Date of Notification March 8, 2012
S W A
San Francisco Studio June 15July 13 Office Internships July 16August 10
Mail Hard Copy Submissions to SWA 2012 Summer Program 2200 Bridgeway Sausalito, CA 94966
Deliverables, 8.5x11 letter of interest resume letters of recommendation portfolio [max 10 pages]
Eligibility you must be a student returning to School in Fall 2012 have valid authorization to work in U.S. (citizenship or J1 visa)
For Details Visit www.swagroup.com/advocacy/students
SWA SUMMER STUDIO

Every year, SWA offers a summer program for students of landscape architecture from around the world. The program consists of four one-week design studios followed by a month-long internship at one of the SWA offices. The one-week intensive studios explore issues-oriented design problems that are reinforced by field trips and critiques. SWA principals direct the studios, and distinguished academics and professionals serve on review juries. Because SWA is a group practice, students learn how a wide range of individuals can contribute to a variety of project types and scales. SWA selects its summer interns in a manner that reflects our belief in the group practice. All staff members in the host office review the student portfolios and select their top choices. In recent years, the program has attracted students from leading U.S. Universities and diverse locations including Canada, China, Egypt, France, Germany, Korea, New Zealand, Poland, Scotland, Slovenia, Taiwan, and Canada. In the past 37 years of hosting the summer program, over 200 students have participated, 47 of whom have become full-time employees of SWA, and four of whom have become SWA Principals.
The selected finalists represent some of the most talented and promising young designers in the country. At the end of the program, students leave with a strong attachment to the projects theyve worked on and a greater understanding of their own potential as design professionals. In 2012 SWA received over 120 portfolios. At the close of the summer, the seven students joined a long list of students who have interned at SWA over the last 40 years, many of whom have gone on to become leading landscape architects and designers in the field.
PROGRAM INTRODUCTION
5
TIMOTHY CAMPBELL
University of Texas, Austin
TINA CHEE
University of Southern California My path towards Landscape Architecture stems from a long standing passion for cities, land art, and the natural environment. After graduating with a Bachelor of Architecture, I lived in Paris, Hong Kong, and London, and have travelled extensively throughout Europe and Asia. As an architect, I have worked on projects that span between urban planning, architecture, and landscape. My interests stem from the visual and tactile arts, and have evolved towards the beauty in the performative. My current educational pursuits focus on landscape, urbanism, and infrastructure that meld ecological processes and urban programming. I am deeply interested in landscapes that are transformative, multipurposed experiential and infrastructural networks which regenerate communities as well as fulfill essential environmental services. Upon graduation, I would like to work in the public realm and continue to research contemporary design issues as a designer and educator.
JIHEE CHUNG
Iowa State University Im currently a fifth-year student in the Bachelor of Landscape Architecture (BLA) program at Iowa State University. Since Im participating in a dual-degree program that Iowa State University conducts with Yeungnam University in South Korea, I entered Iowa State Universitys 5-year program in the third year. In December 2012, I will graduate with a Bachelor of Landscape Architecture degree from both universities. Through two different academic backgrounds, internships and several design competitions, I learned about diverse urban situations and faced different challenges. These unique experiences made me very enthusiastic in learning about green urban infrastructure and creating social spaces with aesthetic modern gestures.
INTERN PROFILES
As a kid, I loved making drip castles on the beach dripping sand to precarious heights, constructing ad-hoc dams and trenches to protect against incoming tides inevitably losing this battle and watching my creation be consumed by the sea. This was my first foray into landscape architecture and the genesis of my fascination with the complex and beautiful relationship between built and natural systems. Since these early attempts, I have worked to understand this relationship, which has ultimately led me to landscape architecture. I received a B.A. in Environmental Studies and after graduating I worked at a public wildflower garden, a National Park, and a small landscape and furniture design firm. These experiences allowed me to interact with natural and social systems at vastly different scales and witness firsthand the ecological and social significance of each scale. I continue to explore how natural, built, and social systems can enhance one another, and am still in pursuit of the perfect drip castle.
INTERN PROFILES
FRANK HU
Harvard GSD "In short, I never expected to be where I am today, when most of my life I had dreams of being a cartoonist. Born in Twinsburg, Ohio, I grew up with a love for art and drawing. For my A.P. Art concentration, I drew a series of illustrations showing how dinosaurs would destroy society if they existed today. In a last minute decision, I applied to Washington University in St. Louis and got accepted into their art program. At some point before starting, I made the switch from art to architecture, seeing that art and architecture were more interconnected than one might think. I was seeing that design was not a skill, but a tool and a way of thinking. I decided to make a leap to landscape architecture due to the scale and complexity of the field. At Harvard, I have most enjoyed learning about ecology, plants, and aquifers things I knew very little about before. In my spare time, I still draw cartoons."
KATHERINE JENKINS
University of Virginia
GWENDOLYN MCGINN
University of Virginia As a student at the University of Virginia, I have developed an interest in incorporating infrastructure as a part of the everyday design aesthetic. There has been a tendency to assume that our world is stable, but as coasts shift and temperatures change, it becomes important to acknowledge that our world is in a constant state of fluctuation. By exposing the infrastructure that our cities and town rely on, the extent of our built environment becomes a part of our everyday realities. As a landscape architect, I would like to create environments that feed insects but also provide joy to the people within them. I am interested in finding aesthetically appealing solutions to remediate polluted sites. Landscape architecture provides an exciting method of reengaging spaces while correcting past ecological mistakes. From an infrastructural and conceptual scale, I am fascinated by returning to the smaller scale and responding to microclimates and material palettes to provide a sense of place and identity.
JESSICA ROSSI-MASTRACCI
University of Pennsylvania I am currently pursuing a Master of Landscape Architecture from the University of Pennsylvania. Prior to that, I received my Bachelor of Arts in Architecture at Washington University in St. Louis. I hope to merge my urban, landscape and architectural interests to design public spaces that are productive, flexible, adaptive, and unique. Through my work, I tend to gravitate towards infrastructural, remnant, and other weird landscapes, where new opportunities, adjacencies, and qualities can be engaged as urban landscape organizations. Outside of design, I enjoy painting, traveling, and biking, and look forward to discovering new places.
I grew up in Japan and the UK and graduated from Yale University with a degree in fine art and anthropology. Before embarking on my graduate studies in landscape architecture, I taught elementary school art in Connecticut, worked in Yellowstone National Park, and continued to paint and exhibit my artwork. It was, in part, my preoccupation with depicting the landscape through art that drew me to the field of landscape architecture. I have just completed my second year of three at UVA and am looking forward to spending the summer in San Francisco!"
WHAT ROLES DO LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, DESIGN, AND CRAFT PLAY IN DEVELOPING AND BUILDING AN ECO-DISTRICT?
CENTRAL CORRIDOR
This year, the students in SWAs Summer Program studied San Francisco's Central Corridor and its potential to be developed as a unique eco-district. A key focus of this study was to create a "resilient city" by implementing a system that coordinates building development and public infrastructure to meet the city's long term needs. Each weeks studio problem was directed by a principal from one of SWAs offices, supported by an associate and staff member from San Francisco. Outside speakers contributed technical insights. Each week concluded with an afternoon presentation of student work, attended by a panel of experts and local stakeholders. Ren Bihan, Managing Principal 2012 Summer Program Director
Unlike many developing areas, the Central Corridor is a functioning district within San Francisco with a rich cultural and urban history which designers want to preserve. The urban grid is intact, buildings are occupied, it is served by public transportation, has a rich cultural and architectural history, and the area has recent new developments and economic investments. So, how do we transform? What opportunities are there to work within an existing urban fabric? The studio explored how a landscape architectural approach can not only provide public space, but set up a framework for future development, reduce dependency on regional, state, federal, and foreign resources, and increase water and energy reliability and
security. Additionally, the studio serves to bring the city's long-term economic goals to the global stage by leveraging the unique characteristics of San Francisco's density and moderate climate. Critical issues explored included: what role does landscape architecture, contemporary design, and craft play in developing and building an eco-district? How do we, as a profession, interface with our professional service consultant peers architects, engineers, and lawyers? What challenges and opportunities arise in establishing an eco-district for San Francisco?
PROGRAM INTRODUCTION
9
WHAT OPPORTUNITIES ARISE IN ESTABLISHING AN ECO-DISTRICT FOR THE CENTRAL CORRIDOR?

REGIONAL CONTEXT
WEEK
Working as pairs, the students examined the areas natural and manmade systems to understand the dynamic forces that shape the Central Corridor and surrounding areas. Building off of the city planning department's analysis, students studied systems including historic, cultural, transportation, infrastructure, public space typologies, urban grid, building massing, street typologies, and projected design potentials based on the findings.
01
URBAN DESIGN: WEEK CENTRAL CORRIDOR

Students developed urban design proposals at the scale of the Central Corridor, incorporating infrastructural and natural systems that establish ecological relationships between inhabitants and their urban environment. Students defined concepts for an ecodistrict that creates public open space, linkages and connections, defines land use, building massing, and a distinct character for the district. Solutions were spatial, form-giving strategies, flexible enough to adapt to a multiplicity of site conditions, but with definable parts and pieces that create continuity.
SITE DESIGN
02
WEEK
Based on studies from weeks one and two, each student selected a preferred site on which to test program, spatiality, and further develop design intentions. The scale of sites ranged from an urban block to a linear corridor. Students addressed approaches to an eco-district and placemaking through their site-level explorations.
03
WEEK
The final studio focused on a specific object within the students overall framework, focusing on inherent material characteristics and construction details. Each student defined an object of their choosing, and visited salvage yards to collect recycled and reused materials to construct their object. They explored the nature of designed spaces through individual elements such as paving, planting, seating, lighting, and walls.
04
OBJECT DESIGN: DETAIL DESIGN
internship schedule
STUDIO 01 REGIONAL CONTEXT Rene Bihan, Principal Jim Lee, Principal Ashley Langworthy Shannon Bronson STUDIO 02 URBAN DESIGN VISION Elizabeth Shreeve, Principal Chris Hardy Andrew Watkins
JURY PANEL Brian Renehan Cole Roberts Kate McGee Josh Swizky Phil Milanbach Andrew Watkins
JURY PANEL Elizabeth Shreeve Sean OMalley Nick Perry Amnon Ben-Pazi Michael Duncan Leo Chow
WEEK 01 : DEFINING IDEAS

10
WEEK 02 : URBAN DESIGN VISION
WEEKEND FIELD TRIP URBAN SAN FRANCISCO Rene Bihan, Principal
LUNCH CONVERSATIONS CENTRAL CORRIDOR AND ECO-DISTRICT Josh Swizky Kate McGee
LUNCH CONVERSATION URBAN DESIGN FOR AN ECO-DISTRICT Amnon Ben-Pazi Nick Perry
WEEKEND FIELD TRIP EAST BAY Justin Winters Amity Winters Des Winters Zach Davis
STUDIO 03 SITE DESIGN Joe Runco, Principal Chih-Wei Lin, Principal Ji-Hyun Yoo
JURY PANEL Chi-Wei Lin Peter Phau Neil Rushowy
STUDIO 04 OBJECT DESIGN Gerdo Aquino, Principal Ying-Yu Hung, Principal Seh Kang Zach Vieth
INTERNSHIP SCHEDULE
STAKEHOLDER JURY FINAL STUDIO PRESENTATION John King Chi-Wei Lin Joe Runco Amnon Ben-Pazi Nick Perry
WEEK 03 : SITE DESIGN
WEEK 04 : OBJECT DESIGN

11
SITE VISIT SF Central Corridor LUNCH CONVERSATION DESIGNING SAN FRANCISCO Jason Rowe, CMG QA/QC Justin Winters WEEKEND FIELD TRIP SOUTH BAY John Wong Shannon Bronson
SITE VISIT Bay Area Salvage Yards LUNCH CONVERSATIONS MANAGING AN URBAN DESIGN FIRM Rene Bihan Lisa Spayde
WEEKEND FIELD TRIP GGNRA + WINE COUNTRY Yu Chung Li
EXPLORATIONS
12
13
EXPLORATIONS
SWA SUMMER INTERNSHIP PROGRAM 2012
WEEK
01
REGIONAL CONTEXT + SITE PROJECTIONS
T h e first week of the Summer Program focused on inventory, analysis, and initial visioning for the Central Corridor. Working as pairs, the students examined the areas natural and man-made systems to understand the dynamic forces that shape the Central Corridor and surrounding areas. Building off of the city's planning department analysis, students studied systems including historic, cultural, transportation, infrastructure, public space typologies, urban grid, building massing, street typologies, and projected design potentials based on the findings.
14
inventory, analysis, and visioning for the Central Corridor

15
WEEK ONE: REGIONAL CONTEXT + SITE PROJECTIONS
16

17
STUDENTS EXAMINED THE AREAS SYSTEMS TO UNDERSTAND THE DYNAMIC FORCES THAT SHAPE SAN FRANCISCO
SITE RESEARCH
Eco-district
Working with the City, students were tasked with exploring and redeveloping the Central Corridor as an eco-district As a starting framework, students were given background research and analysis on the existing context of both the current Central Corridor and prevailing ideas about eco-districts. There are many ways to approach the creation and physicality of an eco-district and students looked to examples such as the Portland Sustainability Institute for guidelines. Some key components at play in developing eco-districts include:
18
ECODISTRICTS ROAD MAP
ECODISTRICT FRAMEWORK
District energy and water management Bike sharing Rainwater harvesting Green streets Zero waste programs District composting Tree planting campaigns Car sharing Bike lanes Sidewalk improvements Urban agriculture Public art Multi-modal transit
II. What
ORGANIZATION
(ENGAGEMENT + GOVERNANCE)
DISTRICT ENERGY BUILDING RETROFITS GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE WASTEWATER TREATMENT SMART GRID
TRAINING + EDUCATION SOCIAL MARKETING DEMAND MANAGEMENT
ECODISTRICT ASSESSMENT METHODTM
RESOURCE SHARING PERFORMANCE DASHBOARD
BUILDINGS + INFRASTRUCTURE
(PROJECTS)
POLICY + FINANCE
PEOPLE + BEHAVIOR
(PROJECTS)
Eco-districts Road Map from the Portland Sustainability Institute

The EcoDistricts Framework, v1.2 April 2012 Portland Sustainability Institute

19
A COORDINAT ED APPROACH
The EcoDistrict Strategy
Image courtesy of the City of San Francisco: Performance Areas
SITE RESEARCH
Cultural + Natural Histories
Ecology
Gwen became very interested in the historical layers of the site. In 1859 South of Market was comprised of a salt marsh at the base of Hayes Creek, alluvial soil deposits to the southeast, exposed bedrock at Rincon Hill, sand dunes that separated South of Market from northern developments, and the mud flats of Mission Bay. The flora of the area was dominated by scrub oaks and willow trees. The salt marshes provided a source of filtration and high biodiversity where the freshwater of Hayes Creek met the salty tidal fluctuations of San Francisco Bay.
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Early Development
CULTURAL + NATURAL HISTORIES

21
VALLEY OF THE KINGS

Mission Plank Road was constructed in 1851. Initially, it was conceived as a bridge to cross the marshes, but at the time it was impossible to build a foundation on the unstable ground. Instead, the road was constructed of wooden planks laid to form a straight line from the Bay of Weepers to Mission Dolores. By 1859, the process of removing the sand dunes that stood between South and North of Market to fill Mission Bay had begun. The layered cultural histories include an industrial legacy, the rise of gay culture, the AIDS epidemic, Filipino immigrants, and presently, the occupation of makers and the tech + social media populations.
SOUTH OF THE SLOT
MAKER + SOCIAL MEDIA
ECOLOGY
History of the Freeway
22
Freeway Potentials: Ecological + Generative Infrastructure
The western terminus of Interstate-80 which bisects the site is large and under utilized. Jihee looked at the potential for other ecological and generative infrastructure to be bundled with the elevated highway. The land underneath, for example, can be used for parking which can be reappropriated into this new type of infrastructure. The infrastructure needed to support a massive highway can also be utilized to capture stormwater, to collect energy through solar panels, and to generate energy through the use of under-road generators.

23
Infrastructural Potentials
24
New subway line on site
Highway as a barrier
Subway/light rail line extent
Relocation of subway stops
"Weave" to stitch together sides of highway Initial Analysis + Projections
Transportation
The Central Corridor will be an important transportation and infrastructural district within San Francisco as bus routes, I-80, lightrail, Amtrak, proposed high speed rail, and a proposed subway line crisscross and connect the district to the greater region. Presently, an elevated freeway, I-80 bisects the site, acting as a pedestrian barrier and severs the site in two. At these intersections of multiple transit infrastructures, there are potentials for new types of infrastructure, public space, and architecture to negotiate potentially problematic areas and engage with the public realm. Jessica assembled a catalog of architectural, sculptural, and other design intervention precedents that have been used to mediate and engage infrastructure on a pedestrian level. With this catalog, we can start to imagine new types of public space, architecture, and infrastructure that connect communities, engage with the public realm, participate in the local ecology, and serve as effective local and regional transportation hubs. These intersections on the site have the potential to do all of these things, moving beyond traditional design solutions through design innovation.
under highway/above road
above highway
at grade
through building or program
under road
through transit Highway Crossing Diagrams
25
Precedent Study
Wind + Water
WIND
Can urban form and planning be shaped by the wind? Can performative building skins generate enough energy while providing shelter for exterior living rooms? The rotation of the city grid aligns with the direction of the predominant northwest winds. Future towers along these streets would be able to generate wind power.
WATER
The essential source of all living matter. Historically the area was once a salt marsh which dominated the natural landscape providing filtration. The areas topography gradually slopes down to its lowest point at 5th and Bryant under the freeway, making the space an opportunity for storm water collection and filtration.
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Alleyways + Interstitial Spaces

The urban environment is characterized by form, mass, and surface. The most vibrant case study of this was at South Park, where the corrugated nature of the building exterior helped to make exciting and culturally valuable spaces. Frank undertook a few sectional studies of different massing types in relation to the street to understand how they could be altered to build the character of the site. The potential for urban surface as mediums for ecological deployment reinforce the concept of an eco-district. Would large streets such as Harrison St. need to stay six lanes wide? How could alleyways, typically used for garbage disposal, be reprogrammed?

27
BUILDING MASSING
How do we transform this area into an Eco District? Current zoning heights render the future potential of this district as vastly horizontal, surrendering to the iconic verticality north of Market Street. Does branding this area as an Eco District provide sufficient iconic identity and substance as a place to draw future growth?
200 0' 400'
600
Mid-Sized Alleys (~37' wide) Small Alleys (~23' wide) Extra Small Alleys (~12' wide)
Massing Study
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4th & Brannan Street
Minna Street
Bluxome Street
South Park
Harrison Street (Major Road, 7 lanes wide, one-way)
27.5
7.1
Alley, adjacent to Highway) URBAN SUSTAINABILITY + LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE: A STUDY OF SAN FRANCISCOS (Small CENTRAL CORRIDOR
Perry St.
7.3
23.0
8.5
Central Corridor Street + Alley Typologies

Clara St. Small sized alley 6.6 37.9 6.1
Gallagher St. (Medium Sized Alley)
11.3
60.2
6.8
21.4
~46.5 7.3 Alleyway off Bluxome (Extra Small Alley)
23.0
8.5
6.6
37.9
6.1
29
Clara St. Small sized alley
Gallagher St. (Medium Sized Alley)
27.5
7.1
Perry St. (Small Alley, adjacent to Highway)
~46.5
7.3
23.0
8.5
21.4
Clara St. Small sized alley
Alleyway off Bluxome (Extra Small Alley)
11.3
60.2
6.8
27.5
7.1
Perry St. (Small Alley, adjacent to Highway)
Land Use + Urban Form

The City of San Francisco Planning Department provided basic urban analysis/ inventory drawings such as urban form, land use, open space, vacant land, soft sites, traffic patterns, and new development proposals. this as a jumping P off point,
NY KE
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Central Corridor Planning Project
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Existing Landused Use Students

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directing analysis and design work towards visioning and initial proposals. Many looked at the presence of the highway and introduction of the subway line, and how this would fit in and impact existing urban Central Corridor Planning Project fabric. Vacant and under utilized land Existing Soft-Sites around the highway holds the most potential
OF AR
to change, develop, and densify.
Central Corridor Planning Project

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Existing Open Space

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STEVENSON ST
STEVENSON ST
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JESSIE ST
NEW MONTGOMERY ST
MINT PLZ
JESSIE ST
NEW MONTGOMERY ST
STEVENSON ST MISSION ST MINT PLZ JESSIE ST
2ND ST
STEVENSON ST
MINT PLZ
JESSIE ST
6TH ST
5TH ST
JESSIE ST
JESSIE ST
5TH ST
MARY ST
MISSION ST
NATOMA ST
NATOMA ST
MINNA ST
6TH ST
MISSION ST
MINNA ST
MISSION ST
3RD ST
2ND ST
MINNA ST
MINNA ST
Mint Street Plaza
Jessie Street Plaza (Jewish Museum)
MINNA ST
MARY ST
MINNA ST
MINNA ST
MARY ST
HOWARD ST
MOSS ST
RUSS ST
HUNT ST
HARRIET ST
NATOMA ST
4TH ST
30
HARRIET ST
RUSS ST
MARY ST
NATOMA ST
NATOMA ST TEHAMA ST
NATOMA ST TEHAMA ST
ECKER ST
NATOMA ST
Yerba Buena Gardens

HOWARD ST
MINNA ST
NATOMA ST
MALDEN ALY
KAPLAN LN
HARRIET ST
4TH ST
4TH ST
CLEMENTINA ST HARRIET ST
MOSS ST
HAWTHORNE ST
HOWARD ST
GALLAGHER LN
TEHAMA ST
HOWARD ST
MOSS ST
RUSS ST
COLUMBIA SQUARE ST
ECKER ST
03RD ST
02ND ST
CLEMENTINA ST
05TH ST
COLUMBIA SQUARE ST
06TH ST
ESSEX ST GUY PL
COLUMBIA SQUARE ST
SHERMAN ST
FALMOUTH ST
FOLSOM ST
SHIPLEY ST CLARA ST
BONIFACIO ST
SHERMAN ST
HAWTHORNE ST
SHIPLEY ST HARRISON ST CLARA ST
BONIFACIO ST
RIZAL ST PERRY ST
SHIPLEY ST CLARA ST
BONIFACIO ST
ESSEX ST
DOW PL
DOW PL RIZAL ST
DOW PL
80
MORRIS ST
RIZAL ST
HARRISON ST
STILLMAN ST
STERLING ST
AHERN WAY
HARRISON ST
VASSAR PL
MORRIS ST
STERLING ST
MORRIS ST
OAK GROVE ST
MERLIN ST
MORRIS ST
STERLING ST
BOARDMAN PL
TABER PL
ZOE ST
STILLMAN ST FEDERAL ST
STILLMAN ST
STERLING ST
HARRISON ST
PERRY ST
STILLMAN ST
80
80
AHERN WAY
AHERN WAY
BRYANT ST
PERRY ST
PERRY ST
ESSEX ST GUY PL
CLARA ST
FOLSOM ST RIZAL ST
Victoria Manalo Draves Park
COLUMBIA SQUARE ST
SHERMAN ST
CLEMENTINA ST
HAWTHORNE ST
ESSEX ST GUY PL
CLEMENTINA ST
SHIPLEY ST
BONIFACIO ST
DOW PL
SOMA Rec Center
FOLSOM ST
HAWTHORNE ST
GILBERT ST
AHERN WAY
WELSH ST FREELON ST
WELSH ST
BRYANT ST
BRYANT ST TABER PL
BOARDMAN PL
RITCH ST
GILBERT ST
GILBERT ST
ZOE ST
WELSH ST BRANNAN ST FREELON ST

BLUXOME ST
ZOE ST
VARNEY PL WELSH ST
BOARDMAN PL
DE BOOM ST TABER PL
FEDERAL ST
COLIN P KELLY JR ST
WELSH ST FREELON ST
WELSH ST
FEDERAL ST
BRYANT ST
ZOE ST
RITCH ST
South Park
DE BOOM ST
RITCH ST VARNEY PL
BOARDMAN PL
FREELON ST
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04TH ST
LUSK ST CLYDE ST
DE BOOM ST
VARNEY PL
TOWNSEND ST
BLUXOME ST
STANFORD ST
BLUXOME ST
COLIN P KELLY JR ST
BRANNAN ST
CLARENCE PL
STANFORD ST
KING ST
TOWNSEND ST
TOWNSEND ST
BLUXOME ST
STANFORD ST
SOUTH PARK
COLIN P KELLY JR ST
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KING ST
BERRY ST
KING ST
South Beach Park AT&T Park
TOWNSEND ST
Central Corridor
KING ST
Retail/Entertainment Mixed Use/Not Residential Right-of-Way Residential Residential Mixed Use Vacant Cultural/Institutional/Educational Visitor Open Space MED Office Production/Distribution/Repair
280
BERRY ST
280
BERRY ST
Land Use Central Corridor

Caltrain Subway
Soft-Sites Map
NORTH
Soft Site (30% Developed) Soft Site (5% Developed) Not Soft (Based On Fieldwork) Soft Site (30% Developed) Soft Site (5% Developed) Not Soft (Based On Fieldwork)
1,000 Feet 1,000 Feet Soft Sites Central Corridor
Soft-Sites Map Central Subway (Muni Metro)

Caltrain
Caltrain
NORTH
Open Space Map
NORTH
Open1,000 Space Feet
Central Subway (Muni Metro)
Maps from the City of San Francisco Planning Department

Caltrain Central Subway (Muni Metro)
FOR MORE INFORMATION:
http://centralcorridor.sfplanning.org
COLIN P KELLY JR ST
WELSH ST
FEDERAL ST
RITCH ST
TABER PL
STANFORD ST
DE BOOM ST
VARNEY PL
BRANNAN ST
BRANNAN ST
ECKER ST
RINCON ST
TEHAMA ST FOLSOM ST
TEHAMA ST
RUSS ST
TEHAMA ST
TEHAMA ST
YBC (Zeum)
RINCON ST
RINCON ST

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Figure-Ground
Figure-Ground Inverted
CURRENT PUBLIC SPACE
VACANT LOT
OFFICE BUILDING
POTENTIAL RE-DEVELOPMENT SITE
Vacant + Infrastructure
TRANSIT CORRIDORS
Analysis Maps
Open Space Typologies

Katie began the month by researching and cataloguing public space in San Francisco. She discovered that although there are a variety of public spaces throughout the city (programmed green space, unprogrammed green space, vacant lots both abandoned and slated for development, surface parking, community gardens, and privately owned public spaces), many of the privately owned public spaces, particularly ones within office buildings, remain invisible to the public and/or are poorly used.
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Community gardens have been popular in San Francisco for many decades, and many neighborhoods support a Community gardens have been in San Francisco community garden. Therepopular are an estimated 100 for many decades, and many neighborhoods community gardens throughout the city support and the a Community gardens have been in San Francisco community garden. Therepopular are an estimated 100 Recreation and Parks Department supports over 30. for many decades, and of many neighborhoods support a city. community gardens throughout the city and in the There are also a number larger scale urban farms the community garden. There are an estimated 100 Community gardens have been popular in San Francisco Recreation and Parks Department supports over 30. for community gardens throughout the city and in the many decades, and of many neighborhoods support a city. There are a number larger scale urban farms the There arealso no community gardens within the distric, although Recreation and Parks Department supports over 30. community garden. There are an estimated 100 the Mission Creek, Howard/Langton, and Victoria Manalo There are also a number of larger urban farms the city. community gardens throughout the city and in the There arecommunity no community gardens within the distric, although Draves gardens arescale within a few blocks of the Recreation and Parks Department supports over 30. the Mission Creek, Howard/Langton, and Victoria Manalo district boundary. There arecommunity no community gardens within the distric, although There are also a number of larger urban farms in the city. Draves gardens are scale within a few blocks of the the Mission Creek, Howard/Langton, district boundary.and Victoria Manalo Draves gardens are within few blocks of the There arecommunity no community gardens within a the distric, although district boundary.and Victoria Manalo the Mission Creek, Howard/Langton, Draves community gardens are within a few blocks of the district boundary. COMMUNITY COMMUNITY COMMUNITY GARDEN GARDEN GARDEN COMMUNITY GARDEN
CITY-OWNED PUBLIC PARK [HIGHLY PROGRAMMED]
Public parks under the ownership of the city that have a variety of program and infrastructure. Yerba Buena Gardens is the only space within the boundary that falls into this category. It has a large open lawn but also has multiple programs tied into the Center for the Arts, as well as the Childrens Creativity Museum.
SLATED SLATED FOR SLATED RE-DEVELOPMENT FOR RE-DEVELOPMENT FOR RE-DEVELOPMENT SLATED FOR RE-DEVELOPMENT
SURFA S SURFACE PA
There areroads 71 surface parking the entry to South Park. 5th and 6th Streets), as well as very small such as areas throughout the district, including large spaces, spaces underneath the entry 2nd roads to 3rd South Park.and between the freeway (between and Streets 5th and 6th Streets), as well as very small spaces, such as the entry roads to South Park.
CITY OWNED CITY-OWNED CITY-OWNED PUBLIC PUBLIC PARK PUBLIC PARK PARK [FEW [HIGHLY PROGRAMS] [HIGHLY PROGRAMMED] PROGRAMMED]
Public parks under the ownership of the city that have a variety of program and infrastructure. Public parks under the ownership of the city that have a variety of program Yerba Buena Gardens isand the infrastructure. only space within the boundary falls into this category. Public parks with fewthat programmed elements are Yerba Buena Gardens is the only space It has a large open lawn but also has multiple programs rare within the district boundaries. These types of open within the boundary falls into this category. tied into the Center that for Arts, as well as the spaces are comprised ofthe adaptable open areas. It has a large Childrens open lawn but also has multiple programs Creativity Museum. tied intois the Center for the Arts, as well as the South Park the only park in within the district that Childrens Museum. falls into this category.Creativity It contains a small playground, benches, picnic tables, and an open lawn. The scale of surrounding buildings lend to an intimate feel.
Spaces that are slated for demolition and/or re-development by the city of San Francisco. Spaces that are slated for demolition and/or re-development by underneath the city of San Francisco. Several of these spaces exist and near 1-80 within Spaces that are for demolition and/or theslated central corridor. re-development by underneath the city of San Francisco. Several of these spaces exist and near 1-80 within Spaces that are slated for demolition and/or the central corridor. The storage and repair center for city street lights is one such Several of these spaces exist underneath and near 1-80 within re-development byto the of San Francisco. site soon becity relocated. the central corridor. The storage and repair center for city street lights is one such Several of these spaces existto underneath and near 1-80 within site soon be relocated. The storage and repair center for city street lights is one such the central corridor. site soon to be relocated. The storage and repair center for city street lights is one such site soon to be relocated.
PRIVATELY PRIVATELY PRIVATELY OWNED OWNED PUBLIC OWNED PUBLIC SPACE PUBLIC SPACE SPACE PRIVATELY OWNED PUBLIC SPACE [HARDSCAPE [HARDSCAPE [HARDSCAPE PLAZA] PLAZA] PLAZA] [HARDSCAPE PLAZA]
CITY-OWNED CITY SURFACE OWNED CITY PUBLIC OWNED PARKING PARK PUBLIC PUBLIC LOT PARK PARK [HIGHLY PROGRAMMED] [FEW [FEW PROGRAMS] PROGRAMS]
Surface parking lots o er programmed an opportunity for neware green Public parks with few elements space within the district. There are publicly-owned and rare within the district boundaries. These types of open Public parks with few programmed are privately owned parking areas, manyelements of which are spaces are comprised of adaptable open areas. rare within the district boundaries. These types of open infrequently lled or even used. spaces are comprised of adaptable open areas. South Park is the only park in withinof the district that Public parks under the ownership the city that There are 71 surface parking falls into this category. It contains a infrastructure. small playground, have a variety of program and South Park is the only park in open within thespaces district that areasbenches, throughout the district, including large underneath picnic tables, and an lawn. The scale of falls into this category. It contains small playground, the freeway (between 2nd and 3rd Streets and between surrounding buildings lend toa an intimate feel. Yerba Buena Gardens is the only space benches, picnic tables, and an open lawn. The scale of 5th and 6th Streets), as well as very small spaces, such as within the boundary that falls into this category. buildings to an intimate feel. entry roads to South Park. It hassurrounding a large the open lawn butlend also has multiple programs tied into the Center for the Arts, as well as the Childrens Creativity Museum.
Privately owned public plazas are scattered throughout the citys downtown area. Most have Privately owned public are scattered seating for the public and plazas some planting but are throughout the citys downtown area. Most have primarily hardscaped. Privately owned public are scattered seating for the public and plazas some planting but are throughout the citys downtown area. Most have primarily 555 Mission Street o ers hardscaped. a plaza extending between seating forMinna the public and somewith planting but are Privately owned public plazas are scattered Mission and Streets paved black granite primarily hardscaped. throughout the citys downtown area. Most have 555 Mission Street o a plaza extending between and dominated byers large sculptures. The plaza seating for the public and some planting but are Mission and Minna Streets paved black granite is in shadow for much ofwith the day. 555and Mission Street o a plaza extending primarily hardscaped. dominated byers large sculptures. The between plaza Mission and Minna Streets paved black granite is in shadow for much ofwith the day. dominated byers large sculptures. The between plaza 555and Mission Street o a plaza extending is in shadow for much ofwith the day. Mission and Minna Streets paved black granite and dominated by large sculptures. The plaza is in shadow for much of the day.
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PRIVATELY PRIVATELY PRIVATELY OWNED OWNED PUBLIC OWNED PUBLIC SPACE PUBLIC SPACE SPACE PRIVATELY OWNED PUBLIC SPACE [INDOOR [INDOOR SPACE] [INDOOR SPACE] SPACE] [INDOOR SPACE]
CITY OWNED PUBLIC SURFACE COMMUNITY SURFACE PARK PARKING PARKING GARDEN LOT LOT [FEW PROGRAMS]
Surface parking lots o er an opportunity for new green space within the district. There are publicly-owned and Surface parking lotsparking o er anareas, opportunity for new are green privately owned many of which space within the district. There are publicly-owned and infrequently lled popular or even used. Community gardens have been in San Francisco for privately owned parking areas, many of which are many decades, and many neighborhoods support a infrequently lled or even used. There are 71 surface parking community garden. There are an estimated 100 areas throughout the district, including large spaces community gardens throughout the city and underneath the There are 71 surface parking the freeway (between and 3rd Streets and between Recreation and Parks2nd Department supports over 30. areas throughout the district, including large spaces, spaces underneath 5th and 6tha Streets), as as very such There are also number ofwell larger scalesmall urban farms in theas city. parks with few programmed elements are the Public freeway (between and Streets the entry 2nd roads to 3rd South Park.and between rare within district Thesespaces, types of open 5th and 6th the Streets), as boundaries. well as very small such as There are no community gardens within the distric, although spaces are comprised of to adaptable open areas. the entry roads South Park. the Mission Creek, Howard/Langton, and Victoria Manalo Draves community are few blocks of the South Park is the gardens only park in within within a the district that district boundary. falls into this category. It contains a small playground, benches, picnic tables, and an open lawn. The scale of surrounding buildings lend to an intimate feel.
Privately owned public indoor atriums are scattered throughout the citys downtown area and Privately indoor atriums are scattered typically owned remain public open from 8am to 6pm. Most have throughout the citys downtown area and seating for the public and are popular lunch spots for Privately owned public indoor atriums are scattered typically remain open from 8am to 6pm. Most have people working in the area. However, they are usually throughout the citys downtown area and seating for the public and are popular lunch spots for very poorly marked, if at all. typically remain open from 8am to 6pm. Most have Privately owned indoor atriums are scattered people working inpublic the area. However, they are usually seating for the public and are popular lunch spots throughout the citys downtown area and very poorly if fronts at all. (openingfor 101 Second Street has marked, two glass people working inand the Mission area. However, they are usually typically remain open from 8am to 6pm. Most have onto Second Streets) containing very poorly marked, if fronts atand all. seating for the public and are popular lunch spots for 101 Second Street has two (opening a5 story greenhouse. There areglass tables chairs, a large people working in theMission area. are usually onto Second and Streets)they containing painting, and However, a sculpture. 101 Second Street has marked, two (opening very poorly if fronts atand all. chairs, a 5 story greenhouse. There areglass tables a large onto Second and Mission Streets) containing painting, and a sculpture. a 5 story greenhouse. areglass tables and chairs, a large 101 Second StreetThere has two fronts (opening painting, and a sculpture. onto Second and Mission Streets) containing a 5 story greenhouse. There are tables and chairs, a large painting, and a sculpture.
PRIVATELY PRIVATELY PRIVATELY OWNED OWNED PUBLIC OWNED PUBLIC SPACE PUBLIC SPACE SPACE PRIVATELY OWNED PUBLIC SPACE [ROOF [ROOF TERRACE] [ROOF TERRACE] TERRACE] [ROOF TERRACE]
SURFACE SLATED PARKING FOR COMMUNITY RE-DEVELOPMENT LOT COMMUNITY GARDEN GARDEN
Community gardens have been popular in San Francisco for many decades, and many neighborhoods support a Community gardens have been in San Francisco community garden. Therepopular are an estimated 100 for many decades, and many neighborhoods community gardens throughout the city support and the a community garden. There an estimated 100 Recreation Parks Department supports over 30. Spaces and that are slated forare demolition and/or community gardens throughout the city and the There are also a number larger scale farms the city. Surface parking lots oof er an opportunity for newin green re-development by the city of urban San Francisco. Recreation Department supports over 30. space withinand the Parks district. There are publicly-owned and There are aowned number of larger scale urban farms in the city. Thereprivately are no community gardens within the although areas, many ofdistric, which are Several of also these spacesparking exist underneath and near 1-80 within the Mission Creek, Howard/Langton, and Victoria Manalo infrequently lledcorridor. or even used. the central There arecommunity no community gardens within a the distric, although Draves gardens are within few blocks of the the Mission Creek, Howard/Langton, and Victoria district There are 71 boundary. surface The storage and repair center for cityparking street lights is Manalo one such Draves community gardens are within a few blocks of the areas throughout the district, including large spaces underneath site soon to be relocated. district the freeway (between 2ndboundary. and 3rd Streets and between 5th and 6th Streets), as well as very small spaces, such as the entry roads to South Park.
There are a few privately owned roof terraces in the citys downtown area that o er seating for the There are a few privately owned terraces public. They are generally very poorlyroof marked, require in the citys downtown that o ersecurity seating for the navigation through area the buildings and There are a few privately owned roof public. They are generally very poorly marked, require elevators, and remain invisible to theterraces public. in the citys downtown that o ersecurity seating for the navigation through area the buildings and public. They are generally very poorly marked, require are a few privately owned roof terraces elevators, and remain invisible to theon public. 343There Sansome Street o ers a sun terrace the 15th navigation through the buildings and in the citys downtown area that o ersecurity seating for the oor with tables and chairs, benches, and olive trees. elevators, and remain invisible to the public. public. They are generally very poorly marked, require 343 Sansome Street o ers a sun terrace on the 15th navigation through the buildings and oor with tables and chairs, benches, security and olive trees. 343elevators, Sansome and Street o ersinvisible a sun terrace on the 15th remain to the public. oor with tables and chairs, benches, and olive trees. 343 Sansome Street o ers a sun terrace on the 15th oor with tables and chairs, benches, and olive trees.
PRIVATELY COMMUNITY SLATED OWNED SLATED FOR GARDEN RE-DEVELOPMENT PUBLIC FOR RE-DEVELOPMENT SPACE [HARDSCAPE PLAZA]
Spaces that are slated for demolition and/or re-development by the city of San Francisco. Spaces that are slated for demolition and/or re-development by underneath the city of San Francisco. Several of these spaces exist and near 1-80 within Privately owned public plazas are scattered the central corridor. Community gardens popular in San Francisco throughout thehave citysbeen downtown area. Most have for Several of these spaces exist underneath and near 1-80 within many decades, and many neighborhoods support seating for the public and some planting but are a the central corridor. The storage and repair center for city street lights one such community garden. There are an estimatedis 100 primarily hardscaped. site soon to be relocated. community gardens throughout the city and the The storage and repair center for city street lights is one Recreation and Parks supports over 30. such 555 Mission Street o Department ers a plaza extending between site soon to be scale relocated. There are also a number of larger urban farms in the city. Mission and Minna Streets paved with black granite and dominated by large sculptures. The plaza There are no community gardens within the distric, although is in shadow for much of the day. the Mission Creek, Howard/Langton, and Victoria Manalo Draves community gardens are within a few blocks of the district boundary.
Public Space Typologies
San Francisco Urban Farms

Mapping the urban farms in the city revealed a distinct lack in the Central Corridor. Zooming in to the site scale, vacant and parking lots were identified as possible sites for community gardens and farms.
COMMUNITY GARDENS AND URBAN FARMS
PARKING LOTS AND FOOD DISTRIBUTION
Community Garden/Farm Market/Grocery Store Surface Parking Lot
COMMUNITY GARDEN/FARM
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MARKET/GROCERY STORE SURFACE PARKING LOT SITE BOUNDARY
Urban Farms + Vacant Land Potentials

OPEN SPACE- SITE SCALE
San Francisco Green Space

Looking at San Francisco's parks network, there is a distinct lack of large open space and lack of connectivity to the parks network within downtown, especially compared to the western and southern parts of the city. This indicated the importance of increased green space in SOMA.
OPEN SPACE- CITY SCALE
SOUTH PARK
YERBA BUENA GARDENS
WASHINGTON SQ. PARK
5TH ST. PROMENADE
UNION SQUARE
ALAMO SQUARE
MISSION DOLORES PARK
BERNAL HEIGHTS PARK
GOLDEN GATE PARK
Park + Green Space
ST ST MARKET MARKET
MONTGOMERY ST MONTGOMERY ST
ST ST MARKET MARKET
MONTGOMERY ST MONTGOMERY ST
Street Typologies
Tim investigated open space networks and open space connectivity as an integral aspect of an eco-district. Each street and block within the district was analyzed and categorized based on the traffic volume and subjective onsite assessment of the pedestrian experience. Based on this categorization, a point system was developed to determine pedestrian friendliness by block. A pattern emerged, showing smaller blocks bound by smaller streets as the most pedestrian friendly, as well as a large area of pedestrian unfriendly blocks along the Interstate. This categorization of roads and the resulting pattern suggests a new pedestrian network of connected streets which allows the pedestrian to avoid heavily trafficked streets and alternate movement through the district.
NE W NE W
NE W
4TH ST
4TH ST
NE W
ST ST MISSION MISSION
ST ST MISSION MISSION
4TH ST
3RD ST
3RD ST
4TH ST
3RD ST
2ND ST
2ND ST
2ND ST
2ND ST
3RD ST
2ND ST
5TH ST
6TH ST
6TH ST
6TH ST
ST ST HOWARD HOWARD
6TH ST
ST ST HOWARD HOWARD
ST ST FOLSOM FOLSOM
ST ST FOLSOM FOLSOM
5TH ST
2ND ST
5TH ST
5TH ST
ST ST HARRISON HARRISON
ST ST HARRISON HARRISON
ST ST BRYANT BRYANT
ST ST BRYANT BRYANT
PARK PARK SOUTH SOUTH
PARK PARK SOUTH SOUTH
ST ST BRANNAN BRANNAN
ST ST BRANNAN BRANNAN
ST ST TOWNSEND TOWNSEND
ST ST TOWNSEND TOWNSEND
KING ST KING ST
KING ST KING ST
BERRY ST BERRY ST
BERRY ST BERRY ST
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Street Traffic Overlay
Low Low Connection Connection Potential Potential Pedestrian
Connectivity Study
High High Connection Connection Potential Potential

MARKET ST
MONTGOMERY ST
MARKET ST
MONTGOMERY ST
MARKET ST
MONTGOMERY ST
NEW
NEW
4TH ST
4TH ST
3RD ST
3RD ST
4TH ST
2ND ST
2ND ST
3RD ST
NEW
MISSION ST
MISSION ST
MISSION ST
5TH ST
5TH ST
6TH ST
6TH ST
6TH ST
5TH ST
2ND ST
HOWARD ST
HOWARD ST
HOWARD ST
6TH ST
HO
FOLSOM ST
FOLSOM ST
FOLSOM ST
FO
HARRISON ST
HARRISON ST
HARRISON ST
HARR
BRYANT ST
BRYANT ST
BRYANT ST
BR
SOUTH PARK
SOUTH PARK
SOUTH PARK
BRANNAN ST
BRANNAN ST
BRANNAN ST
BRAN
TOWNSEND ST
TOWNSEND ST
TOWNSEND ST
TOWN
KING ST
KING ST
KING ST
BERRY ST
BERRY ST
BERRY ST
Low Traffic Streets Medium Traffic Streets High Traffic Streets
Low Traffic Streets
Medium Traffic Streets
High Traffic Streets
Site Photos
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Points of Interest & Identity
Through on-site visits, students found the Central Corridor to include a block structure much larger than the rest of San Francisco comprised of big old warehouses and industrial buildings. Wide streets are juxtaposed by narrow alleyways. The western terminus of Interstate-80 also bisects the site and joins the multitude of public transportation modes that are slated to inhabit the Central Corridor including a new subway/lightrail line as well as the northern terminus of the proposed high-speed rail line to connect San Francisco with Los Angeles. As such, the site is currently of a scale not conducive to pedestrian activities, contains little public open space, and is very automobile-oriented. There are, however, some existing assets students targeted. South Park is the one successful albeit small park within this corridor. The cultural centers of Moscone Center, Yerba Buena Gardens, and SF MoMA frame the northern edge of the site drawing in locals and visitors alike and creating an intriguing bridge between the corridor and the downtown financial district. The warehouses on-site have established a culturally rich environment of technology, industry, and makers.
Summary
The Central Corridor presented a unique challenge, which highlights specific issues of working in a dense (developed) American City. In contrast to the clean slate urban development creating new cities internationally, in San Francisco, the urban grid is intact, buildings are occupied, it is served by public transportation, has rich cultural and architectural history, and the area has had some recent new development and economic investment. So, how do we transform? What opportunities are there to work within an urban fabric? The concept of an eco-district is a bit less defined. The phrase itself is ambiguous, encompassing the broad phrase ecological. But in what terms? As a planner, it is defined in terms of land use, density, transportation connectivity, energy efficiency and water reuse. As an engineer, it is defined in terms of system efficiencies and productivity does the system perform in the best and most efficient way? As an architect, it is defined in terms of building efficiency and design. Each definition suspiciously lacks definition in terms of public space, pedestrian access, ecology and natural processes.
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WEEK
02
URBAN DESIGN: CENTRAL CORRIDOR
Students developed urban design proposals at the scale of the Central Corridor, incorporating infrastructural and natural systems that establish ecological relationships between inhabitants and their urban environment. Students defined concepts for an eco-district that create public open space, linkages and connections, land use, building massing, and a distinct character for the district. Solutions were spatial, form-giving strategies, flexible enough to adapt to a multiplicity of site conditions, but with definable parts and pieces that create continuity.
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Students developed urban design proposals incorporating infrastructural and natural systems that establish ecological relationships between inhabitants and their urban environment.
WEEK 02 : URBAN DESIGN

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WEEK TWO: URBAN DESIGN VISION
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MAKING
DESIGN
DECISIONS
IS
DIFFICULT,
BUT
MAKING
DESIGN
DECISIONS
FOR

41
100
YEARS
FROM
NOW
IS
AN
EVEN
MORE
CHALLENGING
ENDEAVOR.
ROADS
Tim Campbell
42
CROSSROADS
To me, an eco-district is a place whose systems are generative they have the ability to produce or create.
IDE AR OA DS
E CENTRAL CORRIDOR
NORTH BEACH SACRAMENTO SAN DIEGO

AG RIC UL TU RA L/ SIL U VIC
LT
UR
AL
RO
AD
LE OF PRODUCING
F SOMA? Tim defined an eco-district as a place whose OSSROADS systems are generative they have the
L.A. TIJUANA
CHICAGO NYC
EN ER GY RO AD S
LU
NERATIVE?
SOMA is a crossroads of sorts, hosting a trans-continental Interstate, major state highways, and new rail infrastructure. Its contrast of wide, heavy traffic roads and narrow, slow traffic alleys gives a wide range of experiences and views that are unlike any other in the city.
IO
IS
IN
EH
CL
EM
EN
IN
6T
FO
LS
SAN JOSE
Concept Diagram
IP
LE
5T
CL
IS
LL
ER
I-
80
3R
EN
EW
ER
ability to produce or create. After fighting the urge to tackle all the systems involved in a generative district, he zeroed in on its network of roads, the system that best characterized the district.
CUPERTINO
2N D
0 300
PLANT PRODUCTS
LOCAL THRU ROADS AS FOOD AND NATURAL ALLEYS RESOURCE AND SURFACE GENERATORS LOTS AS IDEA GENERATORS HIGHWAYS AND MAJOR ARTERIALS AS PIEZOELECTRIC EN
MISSION
MISSION
MISSION
MINNA NATOMA NEW MONTGOMERY HOWARD GALLAGHER
MINNA NATOMA NEW MONTGOMERY HOWARD GALLAGHER
MINNA NATOMA HOWARD GALLAGHER NEW MONTGOMERY
TEHAMA 6TH 5TH CLEMENTINA FOLSOM
TEHAMA 2ND 6TH 5TH CLEMENTINA FOLSOM
TEHAMA 2ND 6TH 5TH CLEMENTINA FOLSOM
4TH
4TH
4TH
3RD
3RD
3RD
SHIPLEY CLARA HARRISON
I-80
I-80
I-80
BRYANT
BRYANT
BRYANT
2ND
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BRANNAN BRANNAN BRANNAN
BLUXOME
BLUXOME
BLUXOME
TOWNSEND
TOWNSEND
TOWNSEND
Agruicultural Network
Idea Network
Energy Network
In considering how this idea of eco-district as generative could be applied to the system of roads that characterizes SOMA, his overall scheme for the site creates three typologies of generative roads Energy Generating, Food and Timber Generating, and Idea Generating. Each typology is its own network within the district, and each network connects to the other two, creating a whole that provides for adequate vehicular
connections while greatly increasing pedestrian and bike-only routes. Major thoroughfares, as well as the Interstate, are allowed to keep all lanes of traffic and are embedded with piezoelectric generators, harnessing friction from vehicles to provide district energy. Smaller three and four lane roads are converted to agricultural and silvicultural generators by removing all
but one lane of traffic and converting the others to linear fields, vineyards, and forests. Finally, alleyways and surface parking lots are converted to a pedestrian-only network with planting and amenities that provide intimate spaces which encourage stopping for conversation, displaying goods and performance, and connect residential uses to industrial and creative centers throughout the entire district.
Overall, this scheme results in a much less car-dependent district, a connected pedestrian and green network, and a whole lot of ripped up asphalt.
RAL RESOURCE GENERATORS

2ND
EZOELECTRIC ENERGY GENERATORS

44
Agruicultural Network
2ND
Energy Network
PIEZOELECTRIC HIGHWAY 70' WIDE
0'
4'
8'
16'

45
Idea Network
3RD
6TH
5TH
4TH
2ND
133,101
MISSION
RECONFIGURE THE BLOCK
HOWARD
Tina Chee
FOLSOM
What does 50% open green space mean to block development and how can this start to shape urban form in a meaningful way?
GROUND FLOOR GREEN SPACE 117,432 SF // 24% OF BLOCK GROUND FLOOR GREEN SPACE 169,735 SF // 35% OF BLOCK
HARRISON
BRYANT
GROUND FLOOR GREEN SPACE 76,730 SF // 16% OF BLOCK
BRANNAN
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TOWNSEND
One way to create an eco-district is to re-conceptualize and redefine the urban block. The SOMA Super Block, on average 850 long by 550 wide, results in very long and deep blocks with minor streets and alleyway subdivisions, and large parcels and buildings. If we reconsider the block as a network rather than individual parcels, the vacant lots, minor streets, alleyways, and roof tops begin to work as a cohesive whole to support the block itself in terms of energy production, waste, recycling, storm water capture and filtration, and open space. This micro scale loop system applied to the district level creates the district itself as a sustainable network.
GROUND FLOOR GREEN SPACE 67,697 SF // 14% OF BLOCK ROOF TOP GREEN SPACE 121,094 SF // 25% OF BLOCK
GROUND FLOOR GREEN SPACE 46,449 SF // 10% OF BLOCK ROOF TOP GREEN SPACE 90,390 SF // 19% OF BLOCK
GROUND FLOOR GREEN SPACE 121,101 SF // 25% OF BLOCK
Ground Floor Plan
17,178 74,836 41,900 48,490
29,080
51,000 104,998
131,721
ROOF TOP GREEN SPACE 168,340 SF // 36% OF BLOCK
80,910 117,340
62,662
Roof Plan
OPEN SPACE
How can we begin to incorporate more open space within the city block? What does it take to bring it up to 50% per block? Tina studied how to reconfigure the urban block, both in plan and section, to achieve 50% open space. She looked at the ground level, roof, and sculpting the building envelope, seeing what new configurations, landscape elements, and architectural forms could be incorporated into this.

47
Plan Studies
Section Studies
ion energy production
3RD
6TH
5TH
4TH
2ND
antage of the rotation of the SWA SUMMER INTERNSHIP PROGRAM 2012 rizontal massing, and existing rehouse roof areas for solar apture
SOLAR
no emission energy production take advantage of the rotation of the grid, horizontal massing, and existing large warehouse roof areas for solar energy capture
AS OF RIGHT ZONING MASSING SUN STUDY
MISSION
G MASSING SUN STUDY
HOWARD
SOLAR
Take advantage of the large expanses of existing warehouse roof areas which receive full sun exposure as they are not shadowed by tall buildings to produce energy for the block and district. The imagery of the proliferation of visible energy production can provide iconic value.
6-21 6pm
FOLSOM
HARRISON
filter, recycle the essential rce

9am
BRYANT
6-21
9am
6-21
6pm
SCALE - WATER permeable sidewalks WATER existing storm water towards filter, recycle The boundaries capture, of the district are defined t on site as a storm water life source by its watershed rather than specific streets. The main east/west streets and north/south n feature 48
BRANNAN
the essential
TOWNSEND
ALE - water captured on roofs within the block to create a tem
DISTRICT SCALE - permeable sidewalks streets are grained through paving material, redirect storm water towards existing color, and tree allees which begin to define low onthe site a sense of place and point emphasize large as a storm water filtration feature of the SOMA block. The sidewalks 9am scale 12-21 4pm are finished with permeable paving which ion, both sides of the street have sun SCALE exposure BLOCK - water captured on roofs allow storm water and other urban runoff to recycled within the block to create a be collected, filtered, and reused as needed loop system as well as becoming a water feature for the district underneath the freeway. STORM WATER
5
12-21
9am
12-21
4pm
Solar Study
due to grid rotation, both sides of the street have sun exposure Solar Exposure
LOW ELEVATION AREA
COLLECTION
HIGH POINT
LOW ELEVATION AREA
STORM WATER COLLECTION
HIGH POINT
MAIN STREET CONVEYORS MINOR STREET CONVEYORS STORM WATER RETENTION// WATER FLOW WATERSHED AREA HISTORICAL TIDAL/SALT MARSH
YORS
EYORS
Water Study
Perspective Sketch
Section Sketch
Paving and green space connect block to block creating a sense of a sub network occurring in the midst of the super block structure. Where there is a vacant parcel or alleyway, these spaces would be transformed into green spaces that activate the roof top. Visible and easily accessible from the ground floor, the roofs then become opportunities for additional green open space. The vertical walls which connect ground to roof serve as visual and physical connectors and collectors for energy, storm water, and filtration. An armature applied to the many blank nondescript warehouse walls and roofs begin to take over, creating a greenscape of energy production, water collection and conveyance, water filtration, and open green space within the block and give it new form and identity.

49
System Section
MULTIFUNCTIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE
Jihee Chung
The strategy is to create a valuable public space and infrastructure by bundling new types of ecological infrastructure and public programming around the highway.
RIDGE
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Jihee proposed an ecological network using the highway as a new type of multifunctional infrastructure, utilizing surface streets, vacant lots, and buildings throughout the entire eco-district. She bundled storm water management and energy production within and around the elevated freeway, transforming the site into a hub of green public spaces and ecological infrastructure. The highway captures storm water through pocket wetlands and green walls, produces energy through under road generators, and weaves active public programming through the site. Streets, alleys, and abandoned
lots, both used temporarily as parking and vacant, are used to capture, collect, and filter stormwater runoff using pocket wetlands, pervious paving, and rain gardens. She also looked for potential places for new development which are currently abandoned and have the opportunity to be better utilized. New buildings will have a system that can capture storm water from rooftops and store it for reuse.
RIDGE
Site Topography and Water Movement
NEW DEVELOPMENT Stormwater Capture, Green Gutter ALLEY Perimeter Sand Filter, Grass Filter Strip
Section at New Development and Existing Alley
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SECTION AT INFRASTRUCTURE Stormwater Retention, Pocket Wetland New Development Water Infrastructure and Collection
Section at Highway and Water Infrastructure
Site Plan
SUBSURFACE STORY
Frank Hu
Urban Grid
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Soils
The geology and the soil quality of the Central Corridor are two related challenges that can help generate urban forms. First, being constructed mostly on artificial fill over a former salt marsh, the site is extremely prone to liquefaction during earthquakes. Secondly, the site has a history of groundwater contamination from leaking underground storage tanks, which for decades has polluted the soil with hydrocarbons such as diesel and gasoline. Based on these subsurface conditions, three sub-districts are proposed and each is given a different ecologically-based strategy the Green District, Black District, and Red District.
Topography
Leaking Underground Storage Tanks (closed site) Leaking Underground Storage Tanks (active site) Bedrock Topography
Type E (water-saturated mud, artificial fill) Type D (mud, sand, gravel, silt)
Regional Geology
Site Plan
The geology and the soil quality of the Central Corridor are two related challenges that can help generate urban forms.
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Section Perspective Sketches
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Phasing: Axons
Phasing: Plan
The Green District, the area most prone to liquefaction, undergoes building succession, where old structures are phased out and replaced with more structurally sound buildings. Urban forestry and urban agriculture fold into it as tools for activating the site. The Red District, the area with the greater amount of ground contamination, becomes a science district, using phytoremediation and mycoremediation as methods for cleaning the site and studying the science behind them. The Black District will undergo minor streetscape improvements, as the infrastructure in place and the soil quality are of acceptable quality.

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Section Perspective Sketch
BY FOOT
Katherine Jenkins
traffic to create a public pedestrian and biking greenway connecting downtown San Francisco to SOMA and the water. Katie studied and diagramed traffic patterns, sound pollution, and the concentration of civic centers and destinations (including SF MoMA, Moscone Center, South Park, and AT&T Park) along Third Street within the Central Corridor.
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Katie began the month by researching public space in San Francisco and discovered that although there are a variety of public spaces throughout the city, many of them (particularly privately owned public spaces within office buildings) remain invisible to the public and/or are poorly used. Furthermore, there are only two public spaces within the Central Corridor: Yerba Buena Gardens and South Park. As a result of her research, Katie chose to pursue the expansion of public open space. She proposed closing Third Street (from Market Street to China Basin) to all private vehicular
Noise and New Pedestrian Crossings Conceptual Plan: Areas of Importance on Site
Transamerica Pyramid
Closing Third Street (from Market Street to China Basin) to all private vehicular traffic creates a public pedestrian and biking greenway connecting downtown San Francisco to SOMA and the water.
Market 7th 6th
5,100 feet x 85 feet of open space
5th
Powell St. BART
co nn ec
tt od ow nt ow n
4th
connect to BART
3rd
2nd
Montgomery St. BART
1st
Mission
Yerba Buena Gardens SF MoMA
Howard Moscone Center Planned subway stop Proposed Moscone Expansion Site
Folsom
Harrison
safe
ped
est
rian
cro
Columbia Square
ssin gs
semi-e
nclosed
public
space
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Bryant
Planned subway stop
South Park
Perspective Along 3rd Street Pedestrian Corridor
Brannan
4 lane one-way PM tra c volume up to 1,877 per hour capacity: 4,000 vehicles per hour
Townsend
1593 cars per hour
4TH STREET
1891 cars per hour
King
1877 cars per hour
1947 cars per hour
2ND STREET
3RD STREET
6TH STREET
5TH STREET
AT & T Park
1783 cars per hour 1695 cars per hour
connect to AT&T Park
910 cars per hour
2173 cars per hour
co n
park and walk parking lot
ne
ct
to t
he
wa te r
899 cars per hour
1977 cars per hour
UCSF Medical Center
div er t
Noise Pollution
New Traffic Pattern
ct o4
th
Site Plan
th
ru
tra
SOMA ALLEYSCAPES
Gwendolyn McGinn
Maker communities constantly tinker with ways to improve the efficiency and beauty of their surroundings.
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Initial explorations of the site left Gwen enamored by the streetscape South of Market; in particular by the contrast between streets and alleys. Interested in the layers of natural and cultural histories, she considered ways to emphasize existing elements that make it distinct within San Francisco. South of Market currently hosts a diverse ecosystem of tech companies. This culture of various scales of technological innovation is expressed visually in the culture of makers. By embracing independent fabrication, maker communities constantly tinker with ways to improve the efficiency and beauty of their surroundings.
Alleyscapes
STREETS + ALLEYS
When considering South of Market as an eco-district, encouraging the innovation of the place became more interesting then imposing a determined infrastructure. Efficient buildings, harvesting energy, extending graywater systems, and enhancing biodiversity would be an integral part of the eco-district, but they would be encouraged to develop through diverse technologies. To establish South of Market as a place interested in experimentation, innovation, and sustainability, its identity would be generated by enhancing its diverse and layered streetscape. Gwen proposed two distinct typologies of place: makerspaces and greenspaces. Makerspaces are proposed within the northwest to southeast streets, and visually correspond to the skyline, the highway, and channel bridges. Greenspaces are proposed within the northeast to southwest streets, and form a visual connection to Twin Peaks, Oakland, and the bay. Green streets and alleys would be densely planted, and maker streets and alleys would embrace technology and culture through installations, responsive landscapes, and material innovation. Together they create a meter of distinct places and encourage exploration within the blocks.

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Green Spaces + Alleyways
Maker Spaces + Alleyways

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Alleyscapes South of Market
INFRASTRUCTURE AS CONNECTOR
Jessica Rossi-Mastracci
The proposal creates nodes at the subway stops, and uses them as generator of activity through new programming, public space, and development.
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Vacancy around Infrastructure
Subway Stations
Concept Diagram
Jessica's proposal creates nodes at subway stops, and uses them as generators of activity through new programming, public space, and development. The three new subway stops have a distinct character, relating to both the existing context and proposed development. The northern subway station, at Yerba Buena Gardens and the Moscone Center, is underground, proposing a new underground network to connect existing and proposed retail, reinforcing the zone as a commercial and retail district. New privately owned public spaces, both within buildings
and outdoor plazas, connect to this network. The middle subway station is moved underneath the highway, using program and landscape interventions to draw people to and through the site. The public space network activates the least desirable areas (those under the highway) by bringing people, development, and businesses to a presently derelict area, and weaving the north and south halves of the site together. The weave breaks the strong urban grid and creates a new secondary network to traverse the district, suggesting new patterns of development and public spaces.
It navigates around historically important architecture and aligns to alleys, breaking up the large scale of the block at a pedestrian level. New development and infill support the growing tech industry and reinforce commercial and retail corridors. The southern most station, at the existing CalTrain station and connecting to the existing light rail station at 4th and King, merges architecture and landscape into a monumental park. Covering the rail yards creates a large park with an artificial high point, as a contrast to the flatness of the district, and offers views back to the
Financial District and the Bay. It introduces a large green space to the area, where there are few sizable parks, allowing for flexible and informal programming. To turn the area into a more pedestrianfriendly and mass transit oriented district, 4th street becomes a pedestrian corridor with widened sidewalks, bike lanes, reduced traffic flow, and the subway line.

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Plan Sketch
Site Plan
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Section at subway station under I-80 and new pedestrian crossing
Section at Moscone Center subway station and new plaza
At a systems level, the landscape, infrastructure, and architecture are used to create and distribute energy, and capture, filter, and reuse runoff water. Piezoelectric panels on the highway produce electricity that is distributed through the public realm and used in the subway stations. Extra energy is distributed to the rest of the district. Water is collected under the light rail and through public landscape interventions.
Energy Diagram

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Water Diagram
Section @ CalTrain Station, 4th and King
WEEK
SITE DESIGN
Based on studies from weeks one and two, each student selected a preferred site on which to test program, spatiality, and further develop design intentions. The scale of sites ranged from an urban block to a linear corridor. Students addressed approaches to an eco-district and placemaking through their site-level explorations.
03
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In week three, the students tested their idea of an eco-district in a site design scale.

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WEEK 3: SITE DESIGN
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THE TRANSITION FROM URBAN DESIGN TO SITE SCALE CHALLENGED THE STUDENTS

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TO FURTHER DEVELOP THEIR LARGER STRATEGIES INTO MORE INTIMATE SCHEMES.
FREEWAY PEAK
Tim Campbell
Constructed of gabions filled with reclaimed asphalt from the districts former streets, the artificial peak serves as a statement that this is a radical and unconventional place.
SITE PLAN
HARRISON ST. LAWN NORTH LAWN
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SOUTH LAWN
BRYANT ST.
PEDESTRIAN PATH PEDESTRIAN PATH UNDER HIGHWAY GRASS AND MOSS PLANTINGS
0'
40'
80'
Site Plan
4TH ST.
5TH ST.
LAWN
Freeway Peak, a constructed hill, rises between the Interstate interchange at 4th and 5th streets, and offers an iconic entrance and meeting point for the eco-district. The Peak is a unique vantage point above the freeway, offering views across the new green district and to the hills and skyline of San Francisco.
4TH ST.
Building on studies from week one and week two, Tim identified a site that was at the SKATE/BIKE intersection of the two new PARK networks of road typologies and could offer a much-needed pedestrian connection point. The Central Corridor has an obvious lack of large-scale green space, so proposing a unique and large park to accompany the network of pedestrian walkways is a vital addition.
CAFE, COMMUNITY KITCHEN, OFFICES
ELECTRIC CAR CHARGING/ SHOWROOM
PEAK LOOKOUT
CAFE, COMMUNITY KITCHEN, OFFICES SKATE/BIKE PARK
The rest of the site highlights the different types of generation occurring throughout the district. Piezoelectric roads power an electric car charging station and showroom beneath the highway. An under-interstate cafe serves food grown in adjacent streets. Recreation lawns are shaded by a working nursery of endangered Monterrey Pines, to be replanted in other city parks. Constructed of gabions filled with reclaimed asphalt from the districts former streets, the artificial peak serves as a statement to passersby that this is a radical and unconventional place. It stands as a model of creative reuse and literally and figuratively places the pedestrian above the automobile. This new green space will become a key gathering spot for the district and a city landmark that will inspire redevelopment.

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SECTION (NORTH/SOUTH) SECTION (NORTH/SOUTH)
Model Photograph
EFAC EFAC
40'
DESIGN ELEMENTS DESIGN ELEMENTS
40'
ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING STATION AND SHOWROOM - POWER PROVIDED BY ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING PIEZOELECTRIC HIGHWAY STATION AND SHOWROOM - POWER PROVIDED BY PIEZOELECTRIC HIGHWAY
HARDY NATIVE PLANTS - PURPLE NEEDLE GRASS - STONECROP HARDY NATIVE PLANTS - BITUMEN-CONSUMING MOSSES - PURPLE NEEDLE GRASS - STONECROP - BITUMEN-CONSUMING MOSSES
URBAN SILVICULTURE: MONTEREY PINE URBAN NURSERY SILVICULTURE: MONTEREY PINE NURSERY
STRUCTURAL GABION WALLS FORM THE PEAK - 95,800 CUBIC YARDS OF CUT FROM SUBWAY CONSTRUCTION - 6,850 CUBIC YARDS OF ASPHALT FROM REMOVED ROADWAYS STRUCTURAL GABION WALLS FORM THE PEAK - 95,800 CUBIC YARDS OF CUT FROM SUBWAY CONSTRUCTION - 6,850 CUBIC YARDS OF ASPHALT FROM REMOVED ROADWAYS
BIKE TERRAIN PARK BIKE TERRAIN PARK
Section: Design Elements +
CAFE SELLS FOOD GROWN IN DISTRICT CAFE SELLS STREETS FOOD GROWN IN DISTRICT STREETS Vegetation
COLLECTION | CONVEYANCE | CONNECTIVITY
Tina Chee
"This proposal relocates the station to the crux of the problem and transforms this divide into a solution."
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Perspective Sketch
The current urban form and character of the area has evolved into many layers from civic uses, Victorian buildings, small and large warehouse buildings, and new construction. The I-80 freeway creates a definite strong division north/south. With the introduction of a new mass transit line running along 4th Street, these new stations become activators for new development which help bridge and break this divide. Typically, as lands around freeways are the least desirable this proposal relocates the station to the crux of the problem and
transforms this divide into a solution the new station located at the junction of 4th and I-80 freeway. This would activate lands westward along I-80. At the heart of the design is a new park which reclaims the land underneath I-80 currently used as surface parking. This park is lined with new development which increases the visual identity and importance of the area. The location of new towers offer glimpses through the super block making it permeable to light, air, and view. New buildings mix with existing through
common open space and pedestrianized alleyways. The park also serves as a storm water collection and filtration basin, a water feature and for passive recreation. Faceted solar panels which fracture sound upward from the freeway are angled towards the west to capture maximum solar exposure and also act like water scuppers which direct storm water towards the park basins below. Energy and storm water collected supplies the adjacent R+D office spaces and residential units with renewable resources.
Criss crossing pedestrian pathways connect the three blocks through bridges, paving, and open space on the ground as well as on roof tops. Collectively, these elements comprise of the loop systems which make an eco-district.

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Section Through Park
Model Photographs
MULTI-FUNCTIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE
Jihee Chung
The strategy is to create valuable public space and infrastructure by bundling new types of ecological infrastructure and public programming around the highway.
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Jihee focused on the area under the highway, designing both water collection landscapes and areas for public programming. Her landscape collects, filters, and distributes stormwater runoff from this stretch of the highway, using different types of applications so communities can reuse this water. For the filtration system, there are green columns and vegetated cascades. For the storage system, there are pocket wetlands and retention. This, along with green features green walls and green columns provide desirable places and function as gallery, market place, seating area, and herb garden.

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Area plan and section
View at Water Collection and Green Columns
View at night showing green columns and lighting
REMEDI-ALLEYS
Frank Hu
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Using the existing network of alleyways as a base, and interpolating potential extensions, a network of green remedi-alleys are designed within the district. These respond to the existing conditions of the groundwater flow and contaminated sites as a way of strategically remediating the site while also creating new culturally valuable spaces. Vacant lots across the Central Corridor have the most potential for sensitive remediation strategies due to detailed contamination data; obtaining more subsurface data would be key to further developing the strategy of remediation as urbanism. At a more local scale, Frank looked at the
block between 4th and 5th, Bryant and Brannan. The site, currently undergoing treatment through vapor extraction wells, became a compelling test site for the use of remedy-alleys. Small, safe to fail test plots with different remediation strategies are placed within the site, while new research orientated buildings are built along these plots.
The alleys strategically remediate the site while also creating new culturally valuable spaces.
Underground Gasoline Storage Tanks and Leakages

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Plan Sketch
Site Plan + Section
BY FOOT
Katherine Jenkins
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A new pedestrian 3rd Street would contain commercial, residential, recreational, and office space along one thruway terminating at the water. It was vital to the success of the proposal that this unbroken path be punctuated by distinctive places smaller destinations within the larger mile long walk. In week three, Katie chose four sites along Third Street, at the highway underpass, waterfront, new pedestrian bridge, and streetscape improvements, to examine in greater detail and described the character of each through section and perspective.
Site Plan and Planting Palette
CROSS STREET IMPROVEMENTS

Successfully drawing commuters and visitors from the planned subway stops on 4th street over to 3rd is an important aspect of this proposal. Removing one lane of traffic on Brannan and Folsom to widen the sidewalks and create a designated bike lane, and installing distinctive street planting will visually and physically encourage pedestrians and bikers to make their way from the new subway stops over to 3rd street.

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"Third Street would become a destination for tourists and locals"

Perspective Along 3rd Street Pedestrian Corridor at Cross Street
HIGHWAY UNDERPASS
By creating a semi-enclosed structure to shelter commuters from noise and pollution and installing lush planting that frames an entrance and a destination, the highway underpass will feel shorter and more permeable.
WATERFRONT
The connection to the water at 3rd street and China Basin is currently not being used to its full potential. The water, however, could easily become a destination drawing visitors down the length of the mile long pedestrian 3rd street. Native coastal plants and direct access to the water for recreation would enhance the distinctive character of this space.
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Highway Underpass
PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE
In order to ensure that pedestrian access remains fluid and unbroken along this corridor, one intersection at 3rd Street and Harrison Street could become a pedestrian bridge planted with grasses and sedums and sheild cross street traffic with a green screen or trellis. The bridge would also afford pedestrians views of the water.
Waterfront

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Pedestrian Bridge
SOMA ALLEYSCAPES
Gwendolyn McGinn
Vertical efficiency could be considered, as well as ways to activate the streetscapes that surround these distribution sites.
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Alleyscapes Initial Sketches
During the third week, Gwen concentrated on a block and a half bounded by Bryant, Bluxome, Fifth, and Fourth. This site was once the base of Hayes Creek. Brannan Street marks the original coastline; the division between salt marsh and mud flats. This acreage is adjacent to the proposed subway stop, and is currently being considered by the planning department as a site to develop. Gwen decided to consider existing
conditions, and what form future development could take. She noticed that much of this particular site acts as a part of the city's circulation system. Although many distribution sites are only active for a part of the day, it makes sense to keep them near the center of the city instead of moving them to the periphery. Vertical efficiency could be considered, as well as ways to activate the streetscapes that surround these distribution sites.
Maintaining the light industry that has defined South of Market was also integral. As the makerspaces are one typology of place, they could be defined by programing the ground floor of northeast to southwest streets with light industry, galleries, and related retail. The culture of fabrication and small-scale tinkering could begin to engage the streetscape, by opening places of making to the streets.
Bluxome Maker Space can offer a place to sell locally fabricated items, can host gallery crawls on weekend nights, serve as a place for outdoor fabrication, and can accommodate the distribution of products during the early hours of the morning.
ALLEYSCAPES SOUTH OF MARKET

MAKERSPACES PEDESTRIAN MAKER ALLEYS MAKER STREETS
PROPOSEDSTREET
PROPOSEDSTREET
FIFTH STREET
FOURTH STREET
BRYANT STREET
R LI LI LI R R
O O R R
LI
LI
LI LI
LI S
LI A
WELSH STREET
O R O O R S S A
A O L L
MULTI-MODAL MAKER ALLEY GREENSPACES

R
FREELONSTREET
O R R O A O O LI A L L O S R S R
PEDESTRIAN GREEN ALLEYS GREEN STREETS MULTI-MODAL GREEN STREETS LIVING RESTAURANT STORE PROPOSEDSTREET
O R R R S LI R S S A LI S S L
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BRANNAN STREET
R A O S LI A O O
S L O L
LI A
LIGHT INDUSTRY OFFICE EXISTING BUILDING
LI
BLUXOME STREET PROPOSEDSTREET
0 25
100 250 1/8 MILE
TOWNSEND STREET
Site Plan
Fourth Street Elevation
SAN FRANCISCO DISTRICT PARKS

AN EXPLORATION IN SCALE
JACK EARLY PARK [LIGHT POST PARK]
SAN FRANCISCO FRANCISCO DISTRICT DISTRICT PARKS PARKS SAN

AN EXPLORATION IN SCALE AN EXPLORATION IN SCALE
[MAKER SPACE] [WELSH PARK] [BLUXOME PARK] [FREELON PARK] SOUTH PARK MACONDARY LANE VICTORIA MANALO DRAVES PARK WASHINGTON SQUARE PARK
SAN FRANCISCO BUILDING TYPOLOGIES

AN EXPLORATION IN SCALE AND DENSITY
JACK EARLY PARK [LIGHT POST PARK]
[MAKER SPACE] [WELSH PARK] [BLUXOME PARK]
[FREELON PARK] [FREELON PARK]
SOUTH PARK SOUTH PARK
MACONDARY LANE MACONDARY LANE
JACK EARLY PARK [LIGHT POST PARK] [MAKER SPACE] [WELSH PARK] [BLUXOME PARK] SAN FRANCISCO DISTRICT PARKS
AN EXPLORATION IN SCALE
VICTORIA MANALO DRAVES PARK VICTORIA MANALO DRAVES PARK
WASHINGTON SQUARE PARK WASHINGTON SQUARE PARK
SAN FRANCISCO FRANCISCO BUILDING BUILDING TYPOLOGIES TYPOLOGIES SAN SAN FRANCISCO BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
JACK EARLY PARK [LIGHT POST PARK] [MAKER SPACE] [WELSH PARK] [BLUXOME PARK] [FREELON PARK] SOUTH PARK MACONDARY LANE VICTORIA MANALO DRAVES PARK WASHINGTON SQUARE PARK
AN EXPLORATION IN SCALE AND DENSITY
AN EXPLORATION IN SCALE AND DENSITY AN EXPLORATION IN SCALE AND DENSITY

SOUTH PARK [FREELON PARK] 301 BATTERY STREET
650 5TH STREET LARGE SOMA OFFICE
1 MARKET STREET AUTODESK
[FIFTH AND BRYANT] MEDIUM SOMA OFFICE
FERRY BUILDING
SOUTH PARK
[FREELON PARK]
301 BATTERY STREET
650 5TH STREET LARGE SOMA OFFICE
1 MARKET STREET AUTODESK
[FIFTH AND BRYANT] MEDIUM SOMA OFFICE
FERRY BUILDING
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SOUTH PARK SOUTH PARK
[FREELON PARK] [FREELON PARK]
301 BATTERY STREET 301 BATTERY STREET
650 5TH STREET LARGE SOMA OFFICE 650 5TH STREET LARGE SOMA OFFICE
1 MARKET STREET AUTODESK 1 MARKET STREET AUTODESK
[FIFTH AND BRYANT] MEDIUM SOMA OFFICE [FIFTH AND BRYANT] MEDIUM SOMA OFFICE
FERRY BUILDING FERRY BUILDING
SHADOW STUDIES OF PROPOSED HEIGHTS

SHADOW STUDIES OF PROPOSED HEIGHTS
CONSIDERATIONS OF THE SHIFTED GRID ORIENTATION AND PASSIVE SOLAR ENERGY
CONSIDERATIONS OF THE SHIFTED GRID ORIENTATION AND PASSIVE SOLAR ENERGY
9 AM
12 PM
3 PM
6 PM
9 AM
12 PM
3 PM
JUNE 30TH
DECEMBER 30TH
9 AM
12 PM
3 PM
6 PM
9 AM
12 PM
3 PM
JUNE 30TH
DECEMBER 30TH
Plan Diagrams
BRANNAN STREET
VINES ON WIRE STRUCTURE
BLUXOME MAKER SPACE

SHARED PEDESTRIAN ROAD OFFICE LIGHT INDUSTRY SIDEWALK MAKER STREETS COASTLINE 1859 EXISTING BUILDING
PROPOSED ALLEY
OFFICE
LIGHT INDUSTRY
GALLERY
GALLERY
GALLERY
OFFICE
PROPOSED ALLEY BIKE LANE
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SAN FRANCISCO CHRONICLE DISTRIBUTION / WORK TABLES TO RENT
RETAIL RESTAURANT TOOL RENTAL
LIGHT INDUSTRY LIGHT INDUSTRY
0 10
20 50
BLUXOME STREET
Site Plan of Bluxome Makerspace
STITCHING + CONNECTING
The weave organizes new development over time, intensifying programs, density, and green space in the area around the highway.
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Phasing
Taken from week twos work, Jessica focused on the public realm weave under the highway, which aims to stitch together the northern and southern parts of the site through landscape interventions, energy production, water harvesting, and community-oriented programming. She saw it as a vitally important part of the initial framework, where it connects to her 4th street pedestrian and transportation spine, and introduces public programming and open space to the district.
The weave organizes new development over time, intensifying the area around the highway, particularly at the 4th street subway station. Initially the 4th street spine, subway line, and subway stations go in, with some development immediately surrounding the subway station and main public spaces. Over time, infill and new development intensify the weave, bringing people, businesses and, mainly, density surrounding the highway, overcoming the huge barrier. The intensification of activity aims to reduce
the impact of the divisive infrastructure, stitching the community back together. Community-oriented programming, such as a community orchard, flexible market space and community center draw people from the neighborhood, where development focused on retail, office, and housing, connecting to the subway and new transit development, draw people from around the city and beyond. This layering of public realm, infrastructure,
and development activates the ground plane, thus making the area safer and more desirable.

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Site Plan
Model Photographs
Also, Jessica focused on connections under the highway, particularly how pedestrians would cross the highway at 2nd, 3rd, 5th, and 6th streets. The intensity of intervention increases moving towards the 4th street spine: from street tree and native grass planting at 2nd and 6th, to benches, bike lanes, and pocket parks at 3rd and 5th, to finally incorporating public programming and architecture at 4th street.
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Section + perspective at 4th Street crossing with bike lane, community-oriented programming, subway station, highway noise buffers, and pedestrian path

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Perspective at 5th Street crossing with bike lane, water infiltration, street tree planting and pedestrian path
Perspective at 6th Street crossing with native grass planting and improved pedestrian path
WEEK
The final studio focused on a specific object within the students overall framework, focusing on inherent material characteristics and construction details. Each student defined an object of their choosing, and visited the Urban Ore and Building Resources salvage yards to collect recycled and reused materials to construct their object. They explored the nature of designed spaces through individual elements such as paving, planting, seating, lighting, and walls.
04
OBJECT DESIGN
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The final studio focused on a specific object focusing on inherent material characteristics and construction details.

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WEEK FOUR: OBJECT DESIGN
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OBJECT DETAIL DESIGN BRINGS A PROJECT TO A HUMAN SCALE. MATERIAL, PAVING, FORM, AND STRUCTURES INFLUENCE

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THE MORE PARTICULAR QUALITIES OF A PROJECT.
GABION PEAK
Tim Campbell
My aim was to produce an element that could be mass-produced, mass-implemented, and had visual and conceptual connection to my notion of eco-district.
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Tim's aim was to produce an element that could be mass-produced, massimplemented, and had visual and conceptual connection to his notion of eco-district. He designed and built an asphalt gabion bench, an element of Freeway Peak. Chunks of asphalt, representative of those from the district's reclaimed roads, were found in crumbling streets and on construction sites across the city. The mesh was joined by tightly hooking the ends of one around the ends of another, and the wooden slats were embedded in the mesh using double-tipped nails.
The bench serves as a module for the larger
Detail Section
peak structure, which is comprised of many of these gabions some strictly structural, some habitable stacked and shifted to create a variety of intimate and open seating areas. WEEK 04 : OBJECT DESIGN
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While the element is simple, even mundane, its beauty lies in its replicability and ability to be refilled with new material as the old is remediated and degraded. As time passes, moss naturally colonizes the bitumen and eventually breaks down the hydrocarbons in the asphalt. Newly reclaimed asphalt can refill the basket, and the process repeats. Because it uses ubiquitous and cheap materials, this practice can easily be enacted at other sites throughout the district, city, or in other cities looking to remove asphalt and create public space. The materiality speaks to the larger goal of the eco-district to reimagine roads as generative.
Site Section
View at Seating
Model Photograph
MULTIFUNCTIONAL PERMUTATIONS
Tina Chee
The piece raises our ecological consciousness and promotes environmental stewardship by exposing ecological processes at work.
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Sketches
What does a multi-functional network look like? Building upon the initial concept of creating an armature for existing buildings and green space, the built design explores the potential for the reuse of found salvaged building materials into a multifunctional structure. Steel studs serve as a structural framework for solar panels, channels for water conveyance, support for seating, and structure for flooring and planters. Reclaimed wood is arranged as slats with a separate frame, which allows removal, for easy access to the water channels below. One sits and stands above the water collected and conveyed. The piece raises our ecological consciousness and promotes environmental stewardship by exposing ecological processes at work.
Model Photographs

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Perspective at Welsh Street
DYNAMIC KIOSK
Jihee Chung
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Jihee explored enhancing the programs for public interaction by creating engaging spaces with multiple functions. Her strategy is to use recycled wooden shutters as a unit to create a flexible structure. The unit is easily foldable and manipulated to create a variety of forms and can control lighting. During daytime, the kiosk can be used as a caf, coffee shop, market place, or even a bench. At nighttime, it can be a lounge or bar, and provide lighting when not occupied. When not in use for public programming, it can be stored in the dried storm water retention basin.
Kiosk Diagrams
Dynamic Form and Programming

The kiosk can be used for dynamic programs with the ecological systems, and create economic, recreational, environmental amenities. At a construction detail level, there is a moveable frame made of PVC pipes with the shutter units attached to it, making the entire kiosk structure transformable.
I explored enhancing the programs for public interaction by creating engaging spaces with multiple functions.

99
Site Plan
Nightclub Kiosk
MYCOLOGICAL SURFACE
Frank Hu
The concept of mycoremediation became the driving force behind a physical design detail. What would mushroom remediation actually look like? .
DIAMETER
2.25
1.0
3.25 1.5
100
4.125
The concept of mycoremediation became the driving force behind a physical design detail. What would mushroom remediation actually look like? Using cardboard tubes as a structural and form-giving material, a mycological surface was designed to remediate contaminated soil on the site and also create productive and artistic installations. Contaminated soil would fill the cardboard tubes, and mushroom spawn would then be inoculated in the soil. As the mushrooms grow and the mycelium clean the soil, the overall structure would steadily decompose. Eventually,
reusable soil would be made and distributed for use across the district. The design and construction of the cardboard tube surface is intended to be as simple as possible, utilizing a circle packing algorithm to make sure the different diameters of the tubes are efficiently organized together. For the physical model, Frank used old cardboard tubes from old paper rolls and connected them with nuts and bolts found at local scrap yards.
Plan: Possible Mycoremediation Sites
OLD
101
NEW
Building Reuse: Mycoremediation Farm
102
103
PAVING DETAIL
Katherine Jenkins
"The placement of the four modules in appropriate locations along Third Street serve to orient visitors and visually connect the corridor."
104
concrete [6]
aggregate [6]
compacted subgrade [42 +]
Katie was struck by the beautiful patina and the abundance of discarded ceramic roof tiles at both scrap yards the interns visited in week four. She developed four modules including a runnel, a curb, pervious paving, and a wall, that catch and filter water, provide habitat, and may be planted. Each module serves a slightly different function, but each is made of the distinctive roof tile. The placement of the four modules in appropriate locations along Third Street serve to orient visitors and visually connect the corridor.
Detail Section
Detail of Tile Unit
ceramic roof tile
105
concrete [6] stormwater drainage and ltration
aggregate [6]
recycled glass [3] gravel [3] curb compacted subgrade [42 +]
Axon Site Plan: Zoom In
106
Paving Pattern
Runnel
Vertical Barrier/Wall
107
Section
View
EMBRACING SENSE OF PLACE
Gwendolyn McGinn
To engage the community in making their district one of constant experimentation in sustainable technology, finding alternate purposes for scrap materials would be central to the identity of the district.
108
Creating something from salvaged materials provided the perfect conclusion to Gwen's explorations into the cultures of small-scale fabrication and tinkering. To engage the community in making their district one of constant experimentation in sustainable technology, finding alternate purposes for scrap materials would be central to the identity of the district. If small-scale fabrication and light industry is to begin to engage the streetscape, some sort of division of spaces would be necessary. At first a tensile structure was considered, but to truly embrace the culture of the place, a structure fabricated from industry scraps was proposed instead. The prototype included hose clamps,
Materials Conceptual Sketches
perforated strapping, gaskets, tube clamps, and flanges. By shifting materiality, density, and function, the structure can respond to its environment. The individual units will change depending on their place and purpose within the structure; perhaps it could include bicycle wheels when it is beside a bike rack. This structure can reach into adjacent streets and begin to respond to the dense planting of greenstreets. Its form can evolve and be extended as the district increases in density. Its adaptable form and ability to perform multiple functions reflects the site's history and ideals.
BLUXOME STREET
5 0 10
20
SECTION CD
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BLUXOME MAKER SPACE
5 0 10
20
SECTION AB
TOOL RENTAL
BLUXOME MAKER SPACE

SHARED PEDESTRIAN ROAD SIDEWALK MAKER STREETS LIGHT INDUSTRY COASTLINE 1859 EXISTING BUILDING
LIGHT INDUSTRY
B
0 20 10 50
BLUXOME STREET
Sections (top + middle) Plan (bottom)
ELEMENTS OF FABRICATION
Hand sieve
A PLATE OR RING FASTENED TO THE PIPE TO FORM A RIM AT THE END OF THE PIPE.
FLANGE
A GASKET IS A MECHANICAL SEAL WHICH FILLS THE SPACE BETWEEN TWO OR MORE MATING SURFACES, GENERALLY TO PREVENT LEAKAGE FROM OR INTO THE JOINED OBJECTS WHILE UNDER COMPRESSION.
GASKET
flue cap
110
FLEXIBILITY IS THE NAME OF THE GAME WHEN USING THESE TO SECURE DUCT, PIPE, AND LARGE BUNDLES. STRAPS WITH MOUNTING HOLES HAVE ALTERNATELY SPACED 1/8" DIA. AND 1/4" DIA. HOLES ON 1/2" CENTERS. STRAPS WITHOUT MOUNTING HOLES ALLOW YOU TO DRILL YOUR OWN HOLES.
PERFORATED STRAPPING
HOSE CLAMPS ARE FREQUENTLY USED FOR THINGS OTHER THAN THEIR INTENDED USE, AND ARE OFTEN USED AS A MORE PERMANENT VERSION OF DUCT TAPE WHEREVER A TIGHTENING BAND AROUND SOMETHING WOULD BE USEFUL. THE SCREW BAND TYPE IN PARTICULAR IS VERY STRONG, AND IS USED FOR NON-PLUMBING PURPOSES FAR MORE THAN THE OTHER TYPES. THESE CLAMPS CAN BE FOUND DOING EVERYTHING FROM MOUNTING SIGNS TO HOLDING TOGETHER EMERGENCY HOME REPAIRS.
HOSE CLAMP
bicycle wHeel
A WASHER IS A THIN PLATE WITH A HOLE THAT IS NORMALLY USED TO DISTRIBUTE THE LOAD OF A THREADED FASTENER, SUCH AS A SCREW OR NUT. OTHER USES ARE AS A SPACER, SPRING, WEAR PAD, PRELOAD INDICATING DEVICE, LOCKING DEVICE, AND TO REDUCE VIBRATION.
WASHER
A CLAMP IS A FASTENING DEVICE TO HOLD OR SECURE OBJECTS TIGHTLY TOGETHER TO PREVENT MOVEMENT OR SEPARATION THROUGH THE APPLICATION OF INWARD PRESSURE.
T-BOLT TUBE CLAMP
111
LIGHTWALL
Incorporating lighting, wayfinding, and branding, LIGHTwall can become part of the identity of the Central Corridor.
112
Construction detail
This week, Jessica wanted to design something that facilitates crossing the highway at 4th Street, and can start to divide space and suggest ways of movement. The intervention also had to be large enough to stand up to the scale of the highway and neighborhood, having its own presence in space. Responding to earlier design work, the wall becomes a display for energy produced by the highway and distributed throughout the district. Incorporating lighting, wayfinding, and branding, LIGHTwall can become part of the identity of the Central Corridor. LIGHTwall is easily constructed, using
metal channels for structure and strips of polycarbonate or other plastic, which can be installed in pieces. Altering different opacities and an element of color within the wall, lets it be a more playful and light element, despite its large size. The plastic pieces can be put up or removed to modify the wall's porosity and configuration, or as material is found. As the wall moves through space, it can thicken to house vegetation and seating, or disappear to only be overhead lighting as it crosses streets, relating to the public programming under the highway.
Pattern Study
113
Street Elevation
114
115
FIELD TRIPS
116
117
FIELD TRIPS
FIELD TRIPS
118
FIELD TRIPS
119
120
PRESENTERS & CONTRIBUTORS Josh Swizky Kate McGee Amnon Ben-Pazi Nick Perry Leo Chow Fred John King Peter Phau Kevin Conger Neil Rushowy French guy Michael Duncan Brian Renehan SWA Principals Gerdo Aquino Rene Bihan Marco Esposito Ying-Yu Hung Jim Lee Chih-Wei Lin Joe Runco Elizabeth Shreeve John Wong Associates Zach Davis Sehyoung Kang Ashley Langworthy Bill Tatham Andrew Watkins Amity Winters Justin Winters Ji-Hyun Yoo Staff Shannon Bronson Chris Hardy Yu Chung Li Amirah Shahid Zach Vieth
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
121
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We would like to acknowledge the speakers, jurors, stakeholders and participants who contributed their time, talent and knowledge to make the 2012 Summer Program experience a rewarding one.
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123
view the video about the 2012 summer internship on youtube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1mmHODKpCSo

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URBAN SUSTAINABILITY + LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE:

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call for applicants

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For Details Visit www.swagroup.com/advocacy/students

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ECODISTRICT ASSESSMENT METHODTM

RESOURCE SHARING PERFORMANCE DASHBOARD

Eco-districts Road Map from the Portland Sustainability Institute

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Image courtesy of the City of San Francisco: Performance Areas

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MAKER + SOCIAL MEDIA

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New subway line on site

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Relocation of subway stops