Physics, 6th Edition 19-22. A 16-L tank contains 200 g of air (M = 29 g/mol) at 270C.

What is the absolute pressure of this sample? m PV RT ; M [ T = 270 + 2730 = 300 K; V = 16 L = 16 x 10-3 m3 ] P mRT (200 g)(8.314 J/mol K)(300 K) ; MV (29 g/mol)(16 x 10-3m3 )
P = 1.08 x 106 Pa

19-23. How many kilograms of nitrogen gas (M = 28 g/mol) will occupy a volume of 2000 L at an absolute pressure of 202 kPa and a temperature of 800C? [ T = (80 + 273) = 353 K ] PV m RT ; M m MPV (28 g/mol)(202,000 Pa)(2 m3 ) ; RT (353 K)(8.314 J/mol K) m = 3.85 kg

m = 3854 g;

19-24. What volume is occupied by 8 g of nitrogen gas (M = 28 g/mol) at standard temperature and pressure (STP)? [ T = 273 K, P = 101.3 kPa ] PV m RT ; M V mRT (8 g)(8.314 J/mol K)(273 K) ; MP (28 g/mol)(101,300 Pa) V = 6.40 x 10-3 m3; V = 6.40 L V = 6.40 x 10 m
-3 3

19-25. A 2-L flask contains 2 x 1023 molecules of air (M = 29 g/mol) at 300 K. What is the absolute gas pressure? N PV NA RT ; P NRT N AV (2 x 1023molecules)(8.314 J/mol K)(300 K) (6.023 x 1023 molecules/mol)(2 x 10-3m3 ) P = 414 kPa 19-26. A 2 m3 tank holds nitrogen gas (M = 28 g/mole) under a gauge pressure of 500 kPa. If the temperature is 270C, what is the mass of gas in the tank? [ T = 270 + 2730 = 300 K ] m PV RT ; M m MPV RT (28 g/mol)(500,000 Pa)(2 m3 ) (300 K)(8.314 J/mol K) ; m = 11.2 kg

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The Ideal Gas Law

19-21. Three moles of an ideal gas have a volume of 0.026 m3 and a pressure of 300 kPa. What is the temperature of the gas in degrees Celsius? PV nRT ; T = 313 K; PV (300, 000 Pa)(0.026 m3 ) T nR (3 mol)(8.314 J/mol K) t C = 3130 2730; tC = 39.70C

Challenge Problems
19-34. A sample of gas occupies 12 L at 70C and at an absolute pressure of 102 kPa. Find its temperature when the volume reduces to 10 L and the pressure increases to 230 kPa. V1 = 12 L = 12 x 10-3 m3 ; V2 = 10 L = 10 x 10-3 m3; T1 = 70 + 2730 = 280 K P2V2T1 (230 kPa)(10 L)(280 K) P PV 1V1 ; 2 2 ; T2 T1 T2 PV (102 kPa)(12 L m3 ) 1 1 T2 = 526 K

19-35. A tractor tire contains 2.8 ft 3 of air at a gauge pressure of 70 lb/in.2. What volume of air at one atmosphere of pressure is required to fill this tire if there is no change in temperature or volume? [ P2 = 70 lb/in.2 + 14.7 lb/in.2 = 84.7 lb/in.2 ] PV P2V 2; 1 1 (84.7 lb/in.2 )(2.8 ft 3 ) V2 ; V2 = 16.1 ft3. 2 P 14.7 lb/in. 1 PV 2 2

19-36. A 3-L container is filled with 0.230 mol of an ideal gas at 300 K. What is the pressure of the gas? How many molecules are in this sample of gas? P nRT (0.230 mol)(8.314 J/mol K)(300 K) ; P = 191 kPa V 3 x 10-3m3 n N NA

N = nNA = (0.230 mol)(6.023 x 1023 molecules/mol) = 1.39 x 1023 molecules 19-38. How many grams of air (M = 29 g/mol) must be pumped into an automobile tire if it is to have a gauge pressure of 31 lb/in.2 Assume the volume of the tire is 5000 cm3 and its temperature is 270C? P = 31 lb/in.2 + 14.7 lb/in.2 = 45.7 lb/in.2; V = 5000 cm3 = 5 L

PV

m PVM (45.7 lb/in.2 )(5 x 103m3 ) RT ; m ; M RT (8.314 J/mol K)(300 K) m = 9.16 x 10-8 kg

m = 9.16 x 10-5 g or

19-37. How many moles of helium gas (M = 4 g/mol) are there in a 6-L tank when the pressure is 2 x 105 Pa and the temperature is 270C? What is the mass of the helium? n PV (2 x 106 Pa)(6 x 10-3m3 ) ; RT (8.314 J/mol K)(300 K) n = 0.481 mol

m ; M

m = nM = (0.481 mol)(4 g/mol) ;

m = 1.92 g

*19-41. What is the density of oxygen gas (M = 32 g/mol) at a temperature of 23 0C and atmospheric pressure? m PV RT ; M

m PM (101, 300 Pa)(32 g/mol) 1320 g/m3 V RT (8.314 J/mol K)(296 K)

= 1.32 kg/m3